CN104993872B - Raman fiber amplifier gain compensation and transient control methods - Google Patents
Raman fiber amplifier gain compensation and transient control methods Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Raman Fiber Amplifier gain compensation and transient control methods, the Raman Fiber Amplifier gain compensation and transient control methods, pump laser group in Raman Fiber Amplifier works in constant power-mode and the pump laser group is in when locking under power output state, determine the input power or power output variable quantity of the Raman Fiber Amplifier, and the power of pump laser group is adjusted according to the variable quantity of input power or power output, to cause that the power variation of pump laser group meets Δ P with input power or power output variable quantityP=k* Δ Ptotal, wherein, Δ PpIt is the power variation of pump laser group, unit mw；Δ Ptotal is the variable quantity of input power or power output, unit mw；K is calibration slopes.The present invention works in the Raman Fiber Amplifier of constant power-mode to pump laser group, in input optical power wide variation, is capable of achieving forward, backward, the gain compensation of two-way raman amplifier.
Description
Technical field
It is a kind of Raman Fiber Amplifier gain compensation and transient control methods the present invention relates to a kind of method, belongs to light
The technical field of communication.
Background technology
Raman Fiber Amplifier (RFA：Raman Fiber Amplifier) because noise figure is low, put with Er-doped fiber
Big device (EDFA：Erbium-doped Optical Fiber Amplifier) use cooperatively, OSNR (OSNR can be optimized：
Optical Signal Noise Ratio), reduce the bit error rate, increase transmission range, it is now widely used for long range light and leads to
In news Transmission system.
For a certain pumping wavelength, the small-signal turn off gain of RFA can be represented by formula (1)：
Wherein, gRIt is optical fiber Raman gain coefficienct；AeffIt is optical fiber effective area；PpTo enter fine pump power；K for polarization because
Son；LeffIt is optical fiber effective length, is defined as Leff=1-exp (- αpL)/αp；αpIt is pump light attenuation coefficient in a fiber；L
It is fiber lengths, small-signal refers to signal power small to not interfering with pump power distribution in a fiber.
Conventional RFA input power very littles, RFA is operated in low level signal amplification area, by formula (1) as can be seen that now
As long as entering fine pump power PpIt is constant to be capable of achieving perseverance gain control.But with increasing for Transmission system medium wavelength number, input
Power also increases therewith, causes RFA operation intervals beyond low level signal amplification area, once now input power changes, and it is permanent
Pump power mode of operation cannot ensure permanent gain control, now need accordingly to compensate gain.
The gain media of RFA be Transmission Fibers in itself, its length is more long, and (even the RFA of discrete, its gain fibre is long
Degree is substantially also in more than 5km), therefore only one of which power monitor in RFA modules, therefore cannot be controlled using the gain of EDFA
Method (carrying out gain control by the monitoring result of input and output monitor) carries out gain compensation and transient control.
Publication No. CN102307068A files describe the method for carrying out Raman gain locking by the outer ASE of band, but
The patent only accounts for the mathematical relationship of Raman gain and ASE, does not account for the influence of input power, therefore the patent is only suitable for
Constant RFA is kept in input optical power.
When Publication No. CN200510067689.0 files mainly describe input optical power change, Raman gain adjustment
Method, but realized by two power monitors, it is unpractical in actual transmissions system；And simply change in patent
Become minimal wave length pump power to realize gain compensation, can now keep overall gain constant, but flat gain, gain slope meeting
Change, in signal receiving end it is possible that error code.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of Raman Fiber Amplifier gain compensation
And transient control methods, its RFA that constant power-mode is worked in pump laser group, in input optical power wide variation
When, it is capable of achieving forward, backward, the gain compensation of two-way raman amplifier.
According to the technical scheme that the present invention is provided, the Raman Fiber Amplifier gain compensation and transient control methods draw
Pump laser group in graceful fiber amplifier works in constant power-mode and the pump laser group is in locking and exports
When under power rating, the input power or power output variable quantity of the Raman Fiber Amplifier are determined, and according to input power
Or the variable quantity of power output adjusts the power of pump laser group, to cause power variation and the input of pump laser group
Power or power output variable quantity meet Δ PP=k* Δ Ptotal, wherein, Δ PpIt is the power variation of pump laser group,
Unit mw；Δ Ptotal is the variable quantity of input power or power output, unit mw；K is calibration slopes.
The Raman Fiber Amplifier is preceding to Raman Fiber Amplifier, backward Raman Fiber Amplifier or two-way Raman light
Fiber amplifier.
The pump laser group includes some pump lasers, and each pump laser in pump laser group is entered
Row calibration, to determine the calibration slopes k corresponding to each pump laseri, i=1,2 ... n, n are pump in pump laser group
The quantity of Pu laser.
To pump laser group inside-pumping laser calibration slopes kiCalibration comprise the following steps：
Step 1, closing pump laser group, access testing light source, and adjustment attenuator causes input light for a fixed value, and
Raman Fiber Amplifier output spectrum is scanned by spectroanalysis instrument；
Step 2, open and adjust pump laser group, the output light of Raman Fiber Amplifier is scanned by spectroanalysis instrument
Spectrum, is required with causing that Raman Fiber Amplifier parameter meets；
The input of the pump power, Raman Fiber Amplifier of each pump laser in step 3, record pump laser group
Power or power output；
Step 4, repeat the above steps, to obtain multigroup calibration data set, pump is included in multigroup calibration data set
The pump power of each pump laser, the input power of Raman Fiber Amplifier or power output in the laser group of Pu；
Step 5, it is fitted according to multigroup calibration data, to obtain the calibration slopes k of each pump laseri, i=1,
2,…n。
When multigroup calibration data is fitted, using linear fit or multistage curve matching.
Advantages of the present invention：
1st, present invention can apply to forward direction, reverse and two-way Raman Fiber Amplifier, it is widely used.
2nd, calibration value involved in the present invention only has one, i.e., only need to obtain calibration slopes, and calibration and control method are simple,
Reliability easy to implement.
3rd, the present invention is unrelated with light path design scheme, amplifies for having designed the Raman fiber for finishing or applying
Device, (calibration slopes k) is increased, you can realize Raman gain compensation and transient control by updating Firmware.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of Raman Fiber Amplifier of the present invention.
Fig. 2~Fig. 6 is the emulation schematic diagram when Raman gain of reversely Raman Fiber Amplifier of the invention is 12dB, its
In：
Fig. 2 is the relation schematic diagram of output signal power of the present invention and pump power, including linear fit result, wherein defeated
Go out signal power unit for mw, pump power unit is mw.
Fig. 3 is the relation schematic diagram of output signal power of the present invention and pump power, and wherein output signal power unit is
DBm, pump power unit is mw.
Fig. 4 is the relation schematic diagram of present invention output general power and pump power, including linear fit result, wherein exporting
General power unit is mw, and pump power unit is mw.
Fig. 5 is the relation schematic diagram of present invention output general power and pump power, wherein output general power unit is dBm,
Pump power unit is mw.
Fig. 6 is the comparison diagram of output power signal of the present invention, output general power and pump power.
Description of reference numerals：1- Transmission Fibers, 2- pump signals wave multiplexer, 3- light splitting couplers, 4- pump lasers group,
5- power monitors and 6- control units.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1：The RFA of constant power-mode is worked in pump laser group, is become on a large scale in input optical power
During change, in order to realize the gain compensation of forward, backward, two-way raman amplifier, Raman Fiber Amplifier gain of the invention is mended
Repay and transient control methods are specially：Pump laser group in Raman Fiber Amplifier works in constant power-mode and described
Pump laser group is in when under locking power output state, determines the input power or output work of the Raman Fiber Amplifier
Rate variable quantity, and the power of pump laser group is adjusted according to the variable quantity of input power or power output, to cause that pumping swashs
The power variation of light device group meets Δ P with input power or power output variable quantityP=k* Δ Ptotal, wherein, Δ PpIt is pump
The power variation of Pu laser group, unit mw；Δ Ptotal is the variable quantity of input power or power output, unit mw；K is
Calibration slopes.
Specifically, when Raman Fiber Amplifier is operated in permanent gain, permanent gain slope, the pump power of any wavelength with it is defeated
Enter and existed between signal power or output signal power following relation：
PP=f (Psig) (2)
By analogue simulation and experiment, formula (2) can be reduced to first order linear relation, specially：
PP=k*Psig+c (3)
Wherein, PpIt is pump power, unit mw；Psig is input signal power or output signal power, unit mw, pin
To Fig. 1 (A), Psig is input signal power, and for Fig. 1 (B), Psig is output signal power；K is calibration slopes, and c is correction
Intercept.
Formula (3) can transform to：
ΔPP=k* Δs Psig (4)
Wherein, Δ PPIt is pump power variable quantity, unit mw；Δ Psig is signal power variations amount, unit mw；K is school
Positive slope.
RFA can produce certain noise power while optical signal is amplified, and the noise power is commonly referred to as ASE
(Amplified Spontaneous Emission) power.Relation between general power, signal power, ASE power can use public affairs
Formula (5) is represented：
Ptotal=Psig+Pase (5)
Wherein, Ptotal is general power, by the direct detection of power monitor 5, unit mw；Psig is signal power, single
Position mw；Pase is the ASE power under the conditions of this, unit mw.
For Fig. 1 (A), Ptotal is input general power, and Psig is input signal power, because power monitor 5 is located at
Before RFA, ASE power does not influence input power to detect monitoring, it can thus be assumed that Pase is 0,5 probe powers of power monitor
It is input general power, i.e., equal to input signal power.For Fig. 1 (B), power monitor 5 is located at RFA rear ends, ASE power influence
Power output is monitored, and the power that power monitor 5 is detected is to export general power, including output signal power, ASE power.
When gain keeps constant, Pase keeps constant, and formula (5) is now substituted into formula (3) abbreviation can obtain：
ΔPP=k* Δs Ptotal (6)
Wherein, Δ PPIt is pump power variable quantity, unit mw；Δ Ptotal is single to be input into or exporting general power variable quantity
Position mw；K is calibration slopes.
Based on above-mentioned analysis, Raman gain compensation proposed by the present invention and transient control methods are：By power monitor 5
Determine the input power or power output variable quantity of the Raman Fiber Amplifier, and according to the change of input power or power output
Change amount adjusts the power of pump laser group, to cause the power variation and input power or power output of pump laser group
Variable quantity meets Δ PP=k* Δs Ptotal.In the embodiment of the present invention, the Raman Fiber Amplifier is put for preceding to Raman fiber
Big device, backward Raman Fiber Amplifier or two-way Raman Fiber Amplifier.In the specific implementation, to reverse RFA, it is determined that be draw
The power output variable quantity of graceful fiber amplifier, and for forward direction RFA, it is determined that be the input power of Raman Fiber Amplifier
Variable quantity, that is, determine that the variable quantity or power output variable quantity of input power are relevant with the type of Raman Fiber Amplifier, specifically
Situation is known to those skilled in the art, no longer to describe in detail herein.
Fig. 1 (A) is the preceding schematic diagram to RFA, and Fig. 1 (B) is the schematic diagram of reverse RFA, and Fig. 1 (C) is the signal of two-way RFA
Figure.By taking Fig. 1 (B) reversely RFA as an example, flashlight is entered into RFA modules by Transmission Fibers 1, and RFA includes pump signal multiplex
Device 2, light splitting coupler 3, pump laser group 4, power monitor 5 and control unit 6.Transmission Fibers 1 are closed with pump signal
The common port of ripple device 2 is connected, and the output end of pump laser group 4 is connected with the reflection end of pump signal wave multiplexer 2, pump signal
The transmission end of wave multiplexer 2 is connected with the common port of light splitting coupler 3；Auxiliary light splitting end (the generally small light splitting of light splitting coupler 3
End) it is connected with power monitor 5, the main light splitting end (generally big light splitting end) of light splitting coupler 3 is the output end of RFA modules；
The power output variable quantity that control unit 6 is detected according to power monitor 5, the power of adjustment pump laser group 4 so that
Relation between the power variation of pump laser group 4 and the variable quantity of power output is intended to meet formula (6), that is, think
Control is completed.In the embodiment of the present invention, pump signal wave multiplexer 2, light splitting coupler 3, pump laser group 4, power monitor 5
And the specific implementation structure of control unit 6 is using the structure type commonly used in the art, specially the art
Known to personnel, here is omitted.
Specifically, analogue simulation is carried out when it is 12dB to keep gain to reverse RFA, simulation result is as shown in Fig. 2~Fig. 6
(figure only represents single pump power).Wherein, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 represent the graph of a relation between output signal power and pump power；Fig. 4,
Fig. 5 represents graph of a relation of the gross output (including ASE power) and pump power between.Following knot can be obtained by simulation result
By：
1), knowable to Fig. 2, Fig. 4, the linearity of fitting is more than 99%, i.e. pump power and output signal power, output work
Tend to meet formula (3) between rate.
2), as can be seen from Figure 3, when the output signal power of RFA is less than -10dBm, PpIt is held essentially constant, i.e. RFA work
In the low level signal amplification described by formula (1) is interval, now permanent gain mode is equal to permanent pump power pattern.
3), knowable to Fig. 4, Fig. 6, influence of the ASE power to fitting result can be ignored, and calibration slopes k values keep constant,
I.e. formula (4) is identical with the calibration slopes k in formula (6).
By described above, formula (3), formula (4), formula (6) are to set up, i.e., the present invention proposes Raman gain
Compensation and transient control methods are also what is set up.
If n pump laser (pump is had in RFA in pump laser group 41, pump2……pumpn), its power point
Not with PP1…PPnRepresent, then each pump laser has a corresponding calibration slopes value, i.e. k1,k2……kn；Power is supervised
The probe power for surveying device 5 is represented with Ptotal.Equipment required for parametric calibration includes OSA (Optical
SpectrumAnalyzer, spectroanalysis instrument), PM (Power Meter, power meter), ATT (Attenuator, attenuator), then
By taking Fig. 1 (B) as an example, the calibration steps to calibration slopes corresponding to pump laser group 4 is as follows：
Step 1, closing pump laser group, access testing light source, and adjustment attenuator causes input light for a fixed value, and
FRA output spectrums are scanned by spectroanalysis instrument；
Step 2, open and adjust pump laser group, the output spectrum of RFA is scanned by spectroanalysis instrument, to cause
The parameter of RFA meets requirement；The parameter includes gain, flat gain and gain slope.
Pump power, the power output of RFA of each pump laser in step 3, record pump laser group；Pumping swashs
Light device can directly obtain its pump power values per se with power monitor, and the power output of FRA is obtained by power monitor 5,
Obtain first group of calibration data Ptotal1、P1 P1…P1 Pn；
Step 4, by adjusting attenuator so that input light is different fixed values, repeat the above steps, it is multigroup to obtain
Calibration data set, in multigroup calibration data set comprising the pump power of each pump laser in pump laser group,
The power output of RFA, i.e. Ptotal2、P2 P1…P2 Pn；Ptotal3、P3 P1…P3 Pn；…；Ptotalm、Pm P1…Pm Pn；Wherein, n tables
Show the quantity of pump laser, m represents calibration data set number, wherein n>=1, m>=2.
Step 5, linear fit is carried out according to multigroup calibration data, to obtain the calibration slopes k of each pump laseri,i
=1,2 ... n.
When linear fit is carried out, with Ptotal1…PtotalmIt is abscissa, with (P1 P1…P1 Pn..., Pm P1…Pm Pn) be
Ordinate, linear fit is carried out using formula (3) respectively, obtains ki, i=1,2 ... n be simultaneously saved in control unit 6, i.e. root
According to ki, i=1,2 ... n obtain the calibration slopes k corresponding to each pumping, and control unit 6 can adjust pumping according to calibration slopes k
The pump power of laser group 4.Especially, to improve control accuracy, the approximating method can be changed to multistage curve matching.This
Outward, in RFA, pumping actual power is typically what is made a distinction according to pumping wavelength, i.e. the pump laser of phase co-wavelength is returned
Become same pump laser.Therefore in actual alignment fitting, can be carried out according to the pumping wavelength in pump laser group
Bank calibration, obtaining the calibration slopes corresponding to each pumping wavelength is used for gain compensation and transient control, calibration method
Keep constant.
Gain compensation and transient control implementation：After RFA working stabilities, according to the real-time detection of power detector 5
Total power value Ptotal, calculates power variation (Δ Ptotal), calls calibration slopes k, and each is calculated by formula (6)
The power variation of pump laser：ΔPP1…ΔPPn, according to Δ PP1…ΔPPnAdjust the performance number of each pump laser simultaneously
Locking, gain compensation is completed.Control mode can be divided into software-controlled manner, hardware controls mode.Software mode passes through firmware
(firmware) realize, call calibration slopes k so that pump power variable quantity tends to meet with input or power output variable quantity
Formula (6), in general adjustment time is slightly long.Hardware mode is realized by feedback circuit, according to calibration slopes k, the good electricity of configuration
Road parameter so that pump power variable quantity tends to meet formula (6) with input or power output variable quantity, and adjustment time is extremely short
(musec order), easily realizes transient control.It is implemented as known to those skilled in the art, here is omitted.
The present invention has described the gain compensation and transient control methods of Raman Fiber Amplifier in detail, and provides ginseng
Number calibration method, those skilled in the art should be understood that.In without departing substantially from the scope of the invention, in its form and details
Various changes can be made, these changes will all fall in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of Raman Fiber Amplifier gain compensation and transient control methods, it is characterized in that：Pump in Raman Fiber Amplifier
Pu laser group works in constant power-mode and the pump laser group is in when under locking power output state, determines institute
The input power or power output variable quantity of Raman Fiber Amplifier are stated, and is adjusted according to the variable quantity of input power or power output
The power of whole pump laser group, to cause the power variation and input power or power output variable quantity of pump laser group
Meet Δ PP=k* Δ Ptotal, wherein, Δ PpIt is the power variation of pump laser group, unit mw；Δ Ptotal is input
The variable quantity of power or power output, unit mw；K is calibration slopes；
The pump laser group includes some pump lasers, and school is carried out to each pump laser in pump laser group
Standard, to determine the calibration slopes k corresponding to each pump laseri, i=1,2 ... n, n be pump laser group in pumping swash
The quantity of light device；
To pump laser group inside-pumping laser calibration slopes kiCalibration comprise the following steps：
Step 1, closing pump laser group, access testing light source, and adjustment attenuator causes input light for a fixed value, and passes through
Spectroanalysis instrument scans Raman Fiber Amplifier output spectrum；
Step 2, open and adjust pump laser group, the output spectrum of Raman Fiber Amplifier is scanned by spectroanalysis instrument,
Required with causing that Raman Fiber Amplifier parameter meets；
Pump power, the input power of Raman Fiber Amplifier of each pump laser in step 3, record pump laser group
Or power output；
Step 4, repeat the above steps, to obtain multigroup calibration data set, swash comprising pumping in multigroup calibration data set
The pump power of each pump laser, the input power of Raman Fiber Amplifier or power output in light device group；
Step 5, it is fitted according to multigroup calibration data, to obtain the calibration slopes k of each pump laseri, i=1,2 ...
n。
2. Raman Fiber Amplifier gain compensation according to claim 1 and transient control methods, it is characterized in that：The drawing
Graceful fiber amplifier is preceding to Raman Fiber Amplifier, backward Raman Fiber Amplifier or two-way Raman Fiber Amplifier.
3. Raman Fiber Amplifier gain compensation according to claim 1 and transient control methods, it is characterized in that, multigroup school
When quasi- data are fitted, using linear fit or multistage curve matching.
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| CN106936509B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2020-04-28 | 海思光电子有限公司 | Raman transient effect control method and device |
| EP3217574A1 (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-09-13 | Xieon Networks S.à r.l. | A bidirectional and configurable directional raman pumping apparatus |
| CN107437721B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-05-31 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | A kind of the gain transients control system and method for distributed Raman fiber amplifier |
| CN110166138B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2021-10-08 | 无锡市德科立光电子技术股份有限公司 | Raman fiber amplifier ASE power calibration method |
| CN110601766B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-11-13 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | Control method and optical fiber amplifier |
| CN114448515A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-05-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method and related device for determining power compensation value of optical signal |
| CN115189773B (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2023-06-27 | 武汉光迅科技股份有限公司 | Control method and system for multidimensional compensation of Raman fiber amplifier |
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Address after: 214028 Wuxi New District Science and Technology Industrial Park, Jiangsu, No. 93 -C block Applicant after: WUXI TACLINK OPTOELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Address before: 214028 Wuxi New District Science and Technology Industrial Park, Jiangsu, No. 93 -C block Applicant before: Wuxi Zhongxing Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. |
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Address after: 214028 -C plot 93, science and Technology Industrial Park, Wuxi New District, Jiangsu Patentee after: Wuxi dekeli Optoelectronic Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 214028 -C plot 93, science and Technology Industrial Park, Wuxi New District, Jiangsu Patentee before: WUXI TACLINK OPTOELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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