CN104993686A - Method for starting single-phase rectifier based on modular multilevel converter - Google Patents
Method for starting single-phase rectifier based on modular multilevel converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104993686A CN104993686A CN201510433498.5A CN201510433498A CN104993686A CN 104993686 A CN104993686 A CN 104993686A CN 201510433498 A CN201510433498 A CN 201510433498A CN 104993686 A CN104993686 A CN 104993686A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for starting a single-phase rectifier based on a modular multilevel converter, and belongs to the technical field of power electronics. There is no method for starting a single-phase rectifier with a large capacitor at the direct-current side in the prior art. The invention provides a method for starting a single-phase rectifier with a large capacitor at the direct-current side, specifically comprising two processes: an uncontrolled rectification process and an energy control process. The method fills in the gap in the field of methods for starting a single-phase rectifier with a large capacitor at the direct-current side, and realizes smooth, stable and quick starting of a MMC system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric and electronic technical field, more specifically, relate to a kind of single-phase rectifier starting method based on Modular multilevel converter.
Background technology
Modular multilevel converter (Module Multilevel Converter) is with a wide range of applications, and expands to multiple fields such as motor driving, static reactive, electric traction, distributed power generation by initial flexible direct-current transmission field.This makes the research of MMC not only be confined to three-phase and field of power transmission, and single-phase MMC is applied to motor driving, electric traction, single-phase MMC inverter and rectifier has become another new research field of MMC all.And owing to containing a large amount of electric capacity in MMC, before MMC normally works, submodule does not have voltage, so need antithetical phrase module capacitance to carry out precharge, make its capacitance voltage rise near rated value, the process of this precharge, be called the start-up course of MMC.
For the startup of MMC, usually there are self-excitation type and separately excited type two kinds of modes.Separately excited type, mainly through external accessory power supply and switch, carries out charging to modules; Self-excitation type does not then need extra accessory power supply, by AC network and control strategy, completes the pre-charge process for MMC submodule electric capacity.
Separately excited type starts scheme owing to needing extra accessory power supply, there is the shortcomings such as start-up course is loaded down with trivial details, the time is long, efficiency is low.
In current MMC system, the self-excitation type that adopts starts scheme more, but it is not deep enough for the research of self-excitation type startup scheme, mostly only be directed to the occasion that MMC is applied to flexible DC power transmission, for make single-phase rectifier separately as MMC and the occasion of DC side with bulky capacitor (mF) time, the start-up course of MMC system is not only the charging of antithetical phrase module capacitance, also should comprise the charging of DC bus capacitor.For the start-up course of this type systematic, document is not studied it at present.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the application provides a kind of starting method of single-phase MMC rectifier system, wherein by the research of uncontrollable rectifier process and energy hole process with relate to, compared with existing product, achieve MMC system smooth steady and start fast.
For achieving the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of single-phase rectifier starting method based on Modular multilevel converter, described single-phase rectifier comprises facies unit, DC side, described facies unit is by upper, lower brachium pontis is formed, on described, lower brachium pontis is made up of N number of submodule and a brachium pontis inductance respectively, the H half-bridge that described submodule forms with the switching tube of anti-parallel diodes by a two again electric capacity in parallel is formed, on described, mid point between lower brachium pontis inductance is ac output end, be connected with AC power, described DC side is respectively to upper, lower brachium pontis loop access bulky capacitor, and be connected with direct current network, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps,
(1) uncontrollable rectifier process
Described AC power is electric capacity and the charging of described DC bus capacitor of described submodule by the anti-paralleled diode of the switching tube in described submodule, at the end of this process, and makes the submodule voltage sum V of brachium pontis
apand lower brachium pontis submodule voltage sum V
anall reach the twice of alternating voltage peak E, DC capacitor voltage sum U
dcalso the twice of AC voltage peak E is reached;
(2) energy hole process
After the uncontrollable rectifier stage terminates, by controlling the ratio resonance of alternating current, namely PR controls, and makes AC input fixing power, for capacitor charging provides energy;
In described single-phase rectifier normally runs, circulation i can be produced
diffand circulation additional reference signal v
diff, adopt circulation additional reference signal v
diffcontrol upper and lower brachium pontis energy and value, adopt circulation i
diffin fundametal compoment and a DC quantity producing of described ac output end output voltage product control the difference of upper and lower brachium pontis energy;
By controlling to continue as capacitor charging to described energy and value, the control of described energy differences and the PR of alternating current, make the capacitance voltage of submodule and the capacitance voltage of DC side reach rated value, then system completes start-up course, enters steady-working state.
Preferably, described step (1) specifically comprises the following steps:
1) first process of uncontrollable rectifier, with the uncontrollable rectifier stage of soft start resistance, by the charging current in soft start resistance restriction early stage in uncontrollable rectifier stage;
2) second process of uncontrollable rectifier, in the uncontrollable rectifier stage of excision soft start resistance, finally makes the submodule voltage sum v of brachium pontis
apand lower brachium pontis submodule voltage sum v
anall equal the twice of alternating voltage peak E, DC capacitor voltage sum U
dcalso be the twice of AC voltage peak E;
Preferably, described step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
1) the energy hole stage one, under the PR control action of energy hole and alternating current, AC and DC side give submodule through-put power simultaneously, now the DC component of circulation flows to submodule by DC side, make submodule voltage increase rapidly, make submodule capacitor voltage first reach rated value;
2) the energy hole stage two, AC power delivery in submodule, due to the effect of energy hole, submodule is by this carrier of DC component of circulation, transmit power to DC side, make DC capacitor voltage rise to rated value, now in circulation, the direction of DC component flows to DC bus capacitor from submodule.
In general, according to above-mentioned technical conceive of the present invention compared with prior art, following technological merit is mainly possessed:
1, the starting method of a kind of DC side with the single-phase MMC rectifier system of bulky capacitor is provided;
2, achieve MMC system smooth steady to start fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is MMC rectifier main circuit structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is MMC rectifier hardware system schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the starting method of MMC system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is current direction figure in the submodule in uncontrollable rectifier stage of the present invention;
Energy when Fig. 5 (a) is energy hole stage of the present invention first process submodule voltage rise and the flow graph of circulation DC component;
Energy when Fig. 5 (b) is energy hole stage of the present invention second course direct side voltage rise and the flow graph of circulation DC component;
Fig. 6 is the closed-loop control block diagram of start-up course of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each execution mode of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
Figure 1 shows that the structure chart of MMC system of the present invention.Mainly comprise AC power AC, AC relay S1, excise the soft resistance switch S2 that powers on, the submodule SM1-SM16 of soft power on resistance R1, MMC, brachium pontis reactor Larm, DC bus capacitor C1, C2, D.C. contactor S3, DC side load R2.
Fig. 2 is the overall structure of hardware system, and whole system can be divided into 4 parts, mainly man-machine interface layer, in real time control and signal transacting layer, transducer side.Under regard to the thing that every aspect comprises and carry out brief description.
Man-machine interface layer: mainly comprise a computer and upper computer software.
Real-time key-course: mainly DSP and FPGA two main control chips and peripheral circuit thereof.
Signal transacting layer: mainly comprise optical fiber change-over panel, the check-out console of common signal, the control board of relay and drive plate.
Transducer side: the main circuit being exactly mainly converter.
With an embodiment, startup scheme of the present invention will be described below, wherein AC voltage effective value 220V; Alternating current voltage frequency 50Hz; DC side rated voltage 800V; Submodule quantity 16; Submodule rated voltage 100V.
Fig. 3 is the startup protocol procedures figure of the present embodiment.Can find out that the startup scheme of this example roughly can be divided into 4 processes, be respectively: with the uncontrollable rectifier stage of soft start resistance, the uncontrollable rectifier stage of excision soft start resistance, energy hole process one (submodule capacitor voltage uphill process), energy hole process two (DC capacitor voltage uphill process).
Fig. 4 is the flow graph of electric current in the main circuit in the uncontrollable rectifier stage of the present embodiment, and can find out that AC power is passed through not control diode is submodule electric capacity and DC bus capacitor charging, the submodule voltage sum v of upper brachium pontis at the end of this process
apwith lower brachium pontis submodule voltage sum v
anall equal 622V, DC capacitor voltage sum U
dcalso be 622V.
Energy when Fig. 5 is energy hole stage DC voltage rising of the present invention and the flow graph of circulation DC component.
Particularly, energy hole principle can be expressed as follows.
The expression formula of each brachium pontis gross energy conversion is:
In formula, W
ap ∑, W
an ∑, v
apref, v
anref, i
ap, i
an, U
dc, e
j ref, i
j, i
diff, v
diffbe respectively the gross energy of brachium pontis, the gross energy of lower brachium pontis, the brachium pontis output reference voltage of upper brachium pontis, the brachium pontis output reference voltage of lower brachium pontis, upper bridge arm current, lower bridge arm current, direct voltage, equivalent AC output reference voltage, alternating current, brachium pontis circulation, circulation additional reference signal.
Can be obtained by (1) and (2) two formulas, be stored in the gross energy in brachium pontis electric capacity, and the change of the difference of the energy of upper and lower brachium pontis can be expressed as:
As can be seen from (3) above and (4) two formulas, the energy adjustment that brachium pontis is total and control component v
diffrelevant, when energy sum is less than reference value, only need to increase v
diff, when energy sum is greater than reference value, then need to reduce v
diff.The control of the difference of upper and lower brachium pontis energy, then by control i
diffin fundametal compoment, make the product of it and ac output voltage produce the difference that a DC quantity removes to control energy.V in Fig. 5
1the pressure drop that ac-side current produces in brachium pontis impedance, v
diffbeing the pressure drop that circulation produces in brachium pontis impedance, is also the circulation additional reference signal that energy hole effect produces, v
ap, v
an, e
v, U
dc/ 2 are respectively bridge arm equivalent output voltage, lower bridge arm equivalent output voltage, AC supply voltage and DC capacitor voltage.The energy hole stage also can be divided into two processes, as can be seen from Figure, and first process, under the effect of energy hole, AC and DC side give submodule through-put power simultaneously, and now the DC component of circulation flows to submodule by DC side, makes submodule voltage increase rapidly.Second process, AC power delivery in submodule, due to the effect of energy hole, submodule is by this carrier of DC component of circulation, transmit power to DC side, make DC capacitor voltage rise to rated value, now in circulation, the direction of DC component flows to DC bus capacitor by submodule.
Fig. 6 is the closed-loop control block diagram of start-up course of the present invention.Part shown in dotted line frame is closed loop energy hole part, as shown in the figure, by real-time detection sub-module capacitance voltage value, try to achieve the gross energy of brachium pontis and the energy differences of upper and lower brachium pontis respectively, respectively as the input of the difference controller of energy sum and energy.Total energy hole utilizes a PI controller to produce an additional DC component to be superimposed upon v
diff, control the total energy of brachium pontis with this.In like manner, for the control of the difference of upper and lower brachium pontis energy, be also by PI controller and a series of computing, a final generation DC component is superimposed upon v
diff, realize the control to energy differences.Except energy hole part, in start-up course, also adding alternating current closed-loop control, it should be noted that the e for exchanging closed-loop control generation
jsignal, needs to add amplitude limit and controls, otherwise dynamic process impulse current can be caused very large, and system even can be caused unstable.Then must add digital filter link for energy hole, otherwise because the strong effect of energy hole, the fluctuation that dynamic process Neutron module capacitance voltage is violent can be caused, thus make the voltage of DC side and whole brachium pontis cannot fast and stable.For the U produced in modulation signal
dc/ 2, must adopt real-time sampling and come signal, and can not direct given final stable state reference value, otherwise system cannot be stablized in dynamic process, and the signal that sampling is returned, need to add digital filter link, mainly because in start-up course, DC capacitor voltage continues to rise and constantly change, if do not add digital filter link, the final modulation signal produced can be affected, make the energy of brachium pontis uncontrollable in dynamic process.By the power that AC in start-up course is fixed to DC side transmission, for submodule electric capacity and DC bus capacitor provide energy, make its voltage rise to rated value, complete start-up course.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the single-phase rectifier starting method based on Modular multilevel converter (MMC), described single-phase rectifier comprises facies unit, DC side, described facies unit is by upper, lower brachium pontis is formed, on described, lower brachium pontis is made up of N number of submodule and a brachium pontis inductance respectively, the H half-bridge that described submodule forms with the switching tube of anti-parallel diodes by a two again electric capacity in parallel is formed, on described, mid point between lower brachium pontis inductance is ac output end, be connected with AC power, described DC side is respectively to upper, lower brachium pontis loop access bulky capacitor, and be connected with direct current network, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps,
(1) uncontrollable rectifier process
Described AC power is electric capacity and the charging of described DC bus capacitor of described submodule by the anti-paralleled diode of the switching tube in described submodule, at the end of this process, and makes the submodule voltage sum V of brachium pontis
apand the submodule voltage sum V of lower brachium pontis
anall reach the twice of alternating voltage peak E, DC capacitor voltage sum U
dcalso the twice of AC voltage peak E is reached;
(2) energy hole process
After the uncontrollable rectifier stage terminates, by controlling the ratio resonance of alternating current, namely PR controls, and makes AC input fixing power, for capacitor charging provides energy;
In described single-phase rectifier normally runs, circulation i can be produced
diffand generate circulation additional reference signal v
diff, adopt circulation additional reference signal v
diffcontrol upper and lower brachium pontis energy and value, adopt circulation i
diffin fundametal compoment and a DC quantity producing of described ac output end output voltage product control the difference of upper and lower brachium pontis energy;
By controlling to continue as capacitor charging to described energy and value, the control of described energy differences and the PR of alternating current, make the capacitance voltage of submodule and the capacitance voltage of DC side reach rated value, then system completes start-up course, enters steady-working state.
2. starting method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (1) needed with soft start resistance in the starting stage, in order to limit the charging current in early stage in uncontrollable rectifier stage.
3. starting method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
1) the energy hole stage one, under the PR control action of energy hole and alternating current, AC and DC side give submodule through-put power simultaneously, now the DC component of circulation flows to described submodule by DC side, make described submodule voltage increase rapidly, make described submodule capacitor voltage first reach rated value;
2) the energy hole stage two, AC power delivery in described submodule, due to the effect of energy hole, described submodule is by this carrier of DC component of circulation, transmit power to DC side, make the capacitance voltage of described DC side rise to rated value, now in circulation, the direction of DC component flows to DC bus capacitor from described submodule.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described 1) PR controller can realize the astatic control of offset of sinusoidal amount, control to make alternating current tracing preset signal by PR, can ensure that when ac grid voltage is constant the energy of AC input rectifier remains unchanged, for rectifier Neutron module electric capacity and DC bus capacitor provide rechargeable energy.
5. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described 2) energy hole principle be:
For described single-phase MMC rectifier, the expression formula of each brachium pontis gross energy change is:
In formula, W
ap ∑, W
an ∑, v
ap ref, v
an ref, i
ap, i
an, U
dc, e
j ref, i
j, i
diff, v
diffbe respectively the gross energy of brachium pontis, the gross energy of lower brachium pontis, the brachium pontis output reference voltage of upper brachium pontis, the brachium pontis output reference voltage of lower brachium pontis, upper bridge arm current, lower bridge arm current, direct voltage, equivalent AC output reference voltage, alternating current, brachium pontis circulation, circulation additional reference signal.
And then being changed to of the energy sum of upper and lower brachium pontis and the difference of energy can be obtained:
W
c ∑, W
c Δrepresent the difference of upper and lower brachium pontis energy sum and energy respectively.As can be seen from (3) and (4) two formulas, the adjustment of upper and lower brachium pontis energy sum and circulation additional reference signal v
diffrelevant; And the control of the difference of upper and lower brachium pontis energy, then by control i
diffin fundametal compoment, make the product of it and ac output voltage produce the difference that a DC quantity removes to control energy.
6. one kind realizes the control system of DC side with the single-phase MMC rectifier quick and stable startup of bulky capacitor, described single-phase rectifier comprises facies unit, DC side, described facies unit is by upper, lower brachium pontis is formed, on described, lower brachium pontis is made up of N number of submodule and a brachium pontis inductance respectively, the H half-bridge that described submodule forms with the switching tube of anti-parallel diodes by a two again electric capacity in parallel is formed, on described, mid point between lower brachium pontis inductance is ac output end, be connected with AC power, described DC side is respectively to upper, lower brachium pontis loop access bulky capacitor, and be connected with direct current network, it is characterized in that, described system is made up of energy hole part and alternating current closed-loop control part, and in final generation, lower bridge arm voltage modulation signal:
1) described energy hole part is by detecting described submodule capacitor voltage value in real time, try to achieve the energy sum of described upper and lower brachium pontis and the difference of energy respectively, and respectively by proportional plus integral control, namely PI controls, and corresponding computing, the DC component that respectively generation one is additional is superimposed upon described circulation additional reference signal v
diff;
2) described alternating current closed-loop control finally generates equivalent AC output voltage signal e by PR controller through computing
j;
3) described upper and lower bridge arm voltage modulation signal is by U
dc/ 2 signals and described e
jand v
diffsignal operation obtains.
7. control system as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, the e that described alternating current closed-loop control part generates
jsignal demand adds amplitude limit and controls, and described energy hole part need add digital filter link, described U
dc/ 2 signals being required to be real-time sampling, and need to add digital filter link.
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| CN107786079A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-09 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | One kind power supply main circuit control method |
| CN108574307A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2018-09-25 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | A kind of IGBT soft switching control methods arranged for main circuit |
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| CN111416542A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-14 | 上海交通大学 | Half-bridge type modular multilevel single-phase inverter and modulation method |
| WO2021179707A1 (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-09-16 | 合肥科威尔电源系统股份有限公司 | Multi-phase soft charging control method and system for multi-level direct-current solid-state transformer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105811748A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-07-27 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Modular multi-level converter circulating harmonic inhibition method |
| CN105680681A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-06-15 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Clamping type single submodule-based starting method of modular multilevel converter |
| CN105680681B (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2018-06-19 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Clamping type single submodule-based starting method of modular multilevel converter |
| CN107786079A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-03-09 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | One kind power supply main circuit control method |
| CN108574307A (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2018-09-25 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | A kind of IGBT soft switching control methods arranged for main circuit |
| CN108574307B (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2022-01-21 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | IGBT soft switch control method of column power main circuit |
| CN110460229A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Modular multilevel frequency converter start-up circuit and its starting and low speed operation method |
| WO2021179707A1 (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-09-16 | 合肥科威尔电源系统股份有限公司 | Multi-phase soft charging control method and system for multi-level direct-current solid-state transformer |
| CN111416542A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-14 | 上海交通大学 | Half-bridge type modular multilevel single-phase inverter and modulation method |
| CN111416542B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2022-07-26 | 上海交通大学 | Half-bridge type modular multilevel single-phase inverter and modulation method |
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