CN104993684A - Soft start photovoltaic inverter and photovoltaic power generation system - Google Patents
Soft start photovoltaic inverter and photovoltaic power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104993684A CN104993684A CN201510374207.XA CN201510374207A CN104993684A CN 104993684 A CN104993684 A CN 104993684A CN 201510374207 A CN201510374207 A CN 201510374207A CN 104993684 A CN104993684 A CN 104993684A
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- thyristor
- photovoltaic
- soft start
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soft start photovoltaic inverter and a photovoltaic power generation system. The soft start photovoltaic inverter comprises a direct current breaker, a voltage stabilization capacitor, a three-phase inverter bridge, a filter and a thyristor. The direct current breaker, the voltage stabilization capacitor, the three-phase inverter bridge and the filter are electrically connected in sequence. An input end of the thyristor is electrically connected with an output end of the filter. The thyristor is configured in a way that by controlling a conduction angle of the thyristor, output voltage of the soft start photovoltaic inverter is enabled to be gradually increased from zero, and when the thyristor is fully conducted, the output voltage of the soft start photovoltaic inverter reaches the maximum value. The photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic assembly, a combiner box, a box type transformer station, a boost station and the soft start photovoltaic inverter. The soft start photovoltaic inverter can reduce start current, reduce impact of starting of the photovoltaic inverter on a power grid, and improve the equipment integration degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of solar energy, be specifically related to a kind of soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and a kind of photovoltaic generating system.
Background technology
Photovoltaic generating system by photovoltaic array, header box, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, box-type substation and booster stations five part form.Traditional photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is, by AC circuit breaker, (directly startup) in the electrical network of rated voltage is directly received in the filter side of inverter.
fig. 1for the topological structure of existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter
figure.When AC circuit breaker to utilize in coil by electric current, in electromagnet, produce magnetic flux, unshakable in one's determination owing to being subject to the effect of electric field force, realize main circuit and close a floodgate and separating brake.
The defect that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter directly starts is in particular in: owing to can produce larger impulse current when photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter starts, larger voltage flicker is produced to the voltage on line side of power supply, simultaneously larger owing to starting stress, electric equipment is produced and impacts, the useful life of inverter is reduced, threatens the personal safety of field adjustable personnel.Large-sized photovoltaic power station requires that electric equipment reaches 25 years useful life usually, it is frequent that this causes circuit breaker to use, circuit breaker break-make at least reaches more than 18000 time, in use easily occur that the mechanical breakdown such as loosened screw, contact abrasion causes photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter to stop transport, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter failure rate is increased, especially even more serious in later stage equipment life, affect the energy output of photovoltaic plant.Therefore, the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter adopting circuit breaker to start also exist starting current large, electric equipment impacted obviously and the defect such as failure rate is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, large to solve photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter starting current, to the problem that electric equipment impacts obviously and failure rate is high.
For achieving the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, comprise DC circuit breaker, electric capacity of voltage regulation, three phase inverter bridge and filter, described DC circuit breaker, electric capacity of voltage regulation, three phase inverter bridge and filter are electrically connected successively, described soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises thyristor, and the input of described thyristor is electrically connected with the output of described filter; And described thyristor is arranged through the angle of flow controlling described thyristor, the output voltage of described soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is increased gradually from null value, until the whole conducting of described thyristor, the output voltage of described soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter reaches maximum.
Preferably, also comprise interchange main contactor, described interchange main contactor is arranged to when after the whole conducting of described thyristor, and described interchange main contactor closes, and described thyristor is arranged to described thyristor disconnection after described interchange main contactor is closed.
Preferably, it is characterized in that, also comprise control system, described control system comprises soft-start module and CPU module, described soft-start module and the electrical connection of described CPU module, and described soft-start module comprises multiple relay, described multiple relay is arranged to receive instruction from described CPU and control described thyristor and the described conducting and the disconnection that exchange main contactor according to this instruction.
Preferably, it is characterized in that, described multiple relay comprises the first relay, the second relay and the 3rd relay, and described set-up of control system becomes:
When the alternating voltage of the input of described thyristor and the output of described thyristor are by same frequently for the line voltage accessed, same to phase time, described CPU sends instruction to described first relay, thyristor described in described first Control is opened, the output voltage of described thyristor increases gradually, until the whole conducting of described thyristor; And
When described soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is after rated voltage is run, described CPU sends instruction to respectively described second relay and described 3rd relay, thyristor described in described second Control is disconnected, exchange main contactor described in described 3rd Control to close, thus complete the start-up course of described soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Preferably, be also provided with direct current EMC filter between described DC circuit breaker and described electric capacity of voltage regulation, the input of described direct current EMC filter is electrically connected with described DC circuit breaker, and the output of described direct current EMC filter is electrically connected with described electric capacity of voltage regulation.
Preferably, also be provided with between described filter and described thyristor and exchange EMC filter, the input of described interchange EMC filter is electrically connected with the output of described filter, and the output of described interchange EMC filter is electrically connected with the input of described thyristor.
Preferably, described soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises secondary power supply line, and described control system is powered via described secondary power supply line.
Preferably, described interchange main contactor is in parallel with described thyristor.
Preferably, described thyristor is three-phase anti-parallel thyristor.
According to a further aspect in the invention, additionally provide a kind of photovoltaic generating system, described photovoltaic generating system comprises photovoltaic module, header box, box-type substation and booster stations, also comprises above-mentioned soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention can reduce starting current, reduce the impact to electrical network when photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter starts, improve integration of equipments degree, save equipment capital, ensure stability and the reliability of system works, thus improve power supply quality and service life of equipment.Simultaneously compared with conventional photovoltaic inverter, save circuit breaker, with box-type substation with the use of, meet the selectivity characteristic of protection, save taking up room of equipment, achieve the integrated development of equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1it is the topological structure of existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter
figure;
fig. 2it is the topological structure of soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention
figure;
fig. 3it is the CPU module control signal of soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention
figure;
fig. 4it is the soft-start module control signal of soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention
figure;
fig. 5that photovoltaic system of the present invention connects signal
figure; And
fig. 6it is phase voltage corresponding in the regulating circuit of the thyristor of soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention
figure.
Embodiment
Below with reference to
accompanying drawingpreferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, so that clearer understanding objects, features and advantages of the present invention.It should be understood that
accompanying drawing institutethe embodiment shown not is limitation of the scope of the invention, and the connotation just in order to technical solution of the present invention is described.
Term explanation
Circuit breaker: designed coupling or uncoupling means, can close, the electric current of break-make and carrying normal condition; And can under abnormal operational conditions, also can carry out closing, conducting in disjunction and certain hour and break-make.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter: photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is by power electronic device (MOSFET, IGBT etc.) contact resistance electric capacity, with the break-make of the mode control device of pulse width modulation, the direct current that header box transmission comes is transformed into alternating current, complete the MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of photovoltaic module simultaneously, ensure Based Intelligent Control and anti-islanding effect etc.
Thyristor: thyristor is the element be made up of PNPN four-level semiconductor, have anode A, negative electrode K and controlled stage G tri-electrodes, it can realize the system without deaerator of alternating current in circuit, and with Small current control big current, and action is fast, the life-span long, good reliability.
fig. 2for the circuit of soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention
figure.
as Fig. 2shown in, soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention comprises DC circuit breaker 10, direct current EMC filter 20, electric capacity of voltage regulation 30, three phase inverter bridge 40, filter 50, exchanges EMC filter 60, exchanges main contactor 70, thyristor 80 and control system 90.Wherein, DC circuit breaker 10, direct current EMC filter 20, electric capacity of voltage regulation 30, three phase inverter bridge 40, filter 50 with exchange EMC filter 60 and be electrically connected via wire successively, wherein, the output exchanging EMC filter 60 is electrically connected with the output of the output and thyristor 80 that exchange main contactor 70, thus exchanges main contactor 70 and thyristor 80 parallel connection.
Control system 90 comprises CPU module 91 and soft-start module 92, and soft-start module 92 is connected by terminal with CPU module 91.Terminal is the corresponding soft start state of control system realization or the function of action respectively,
table 1for terminal function table.
table 1
| Terminal | Function |
| 001 | Thyristor on/off switch state |
| 002 | Thyristor closes a floodgate |
| 003 | Thyristor separating brake |
| 004 | Main contactor on/off switch state |
| 005 | Main contactor closes a floodgate |
| 006 | Main contactor separating brake |
| 007 | Main contactor is reported to the police |
fig. 3for CPU module controls signal
figure,
fig. 4for soft-start module controls signal
figure,
as Fig. 3shown in ~ 4, soft-start module 92 comprises the first relay J 1, relay J 2, relay J 3, relay J 4 and many loops A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, B4, and the divide-shut brake action exchanging main contactor 70 and thyristor 90 has come by controlling each relay.
fig. 5for photovoltaic system of the present invention connects signal
figure.
as Fig. 5shown in, photovoltaic system comprises photovoltaic array 201, header box 202, soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 100, box-type substation 203 and booster stations 204, wherein, photovoltaic array 201, header box 202, soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 100, box-type substation 203 and booster stations 204 are electrically connected successively.
Solar energy is converted to direct current energy through photovoltaic array 201, through header box 202, the direct current energy that photovoltaic array 201 produces is collected, and be transferred to soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 100, after soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 100, direct current energy is converted into AC energy, after box-type substation 203 and booster stations 204 twice boosting, then be connected to the grid.
Particularly, the input of the DC circuit breaker 70 of soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 100 is electrically connected with header box 202, and the output of thyristor 80 is electrically connected with box-type substation 203.Control system 90 is powered via secondary power supply line 93.
When soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 100 starts, control system 90 detects from whether exchanging EMC filter alternating voltage out with the line voltage that will be incorporated to by thyristor 80 with frequency, homophase, EMC filter alternating voltage is out exchanged with the line voltage that will be incorporated to by thyristor 80 with frequency, same phase time when detecting, CPU sends instruction 002 to the first relay J 1, first relay J 1 receives action after instruction, control switch is closed, the loop conducting of A1 place, thyristor 80 starts, the output voltage of thyristor increases gradually, until the full conducting of thyristor.After soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 100 is operated in rated voltage, CPU sends instruction 003 to the second relay J 2, send instruction 005 to the 3rd relay J 3, thus the second relay J 2 controls thyristor 80 disconnects, 3rd relay J 3 controls to exchange main contactor 70 and closes, and completes the soft start-up process of soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 80.
fig. 6for phase voltage corresponding in the regulating circuit of thyristor 80
figure.Below for certain phase voltage, analyze the output voltage characteristic of soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 80.
as Fig. 6shown in, wherein U is the input voltage of thyristor 80, and α is Trigger Angle,
for afterflow angle, θ is the angle of flow.
By
fig. 6can find out, conduction angle, Trigger Angle α and afterflow angle
between functional relation be
If the expression formula of voltage U is
U＝U
msinωt (2)
Now SCR-output voltage effective value U
lexpression formula is
Formula (3) abbreviation is
From formula (4), when afterflow angle
when being constant, as long as the size changing IGBT group angle α just can change the output voltage of thyristor, the requirement that the output voltage realizing inverter changes according to predetermined rule.
Therefore, by controlling the angle of flow of thyristor
the output voltage of soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter just can be made to increase gradually from null value, until the whole conducting of described thyristor, the output voltage of soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter reaches maximum.
Soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention can reduce starting current, reduce the impact to electrical network when photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter starts, improve integration of equipments degree, save equipment capital, ensure stability and the reliability of system works, thus improve power supply quality and service life of equipment.Simultaneously compared with conventional photovoltaic inverter, save circuit breaker, with box-type substation with the use of, meet the selectivity characteristic of protection, save taking up room of equipment, achieve the integrated development of equipment.
Below described preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, but it will be appreciated that, after having read above-mentioned instruction content of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention.These equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Claims (10)
1. a soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, comprise DC circuit breaker, electric capacity of voltage regulation, three phase inverter bridge and filter, described DC circuit breaker, electric capacity of voltage regulation, three phase inverter bridge and filter are electrically connected successively, it is characterized in that: also comprise thyristor, the input of described thyristor is electrically connected with the output of described filter; And described thyristor is arranged through the angle of flow controlling described thyristor, the output voltage of described soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is increased gradually from null value, until the whole conducting of described thyristor, the output voltage of described soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter reaches maximum.
2. soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise interchange main contactor, described interchange main contactor is arranged to when after the whole conducting of described thyristor, described interchange main contactor closes, and described thyristor is arranged to described thyristor disconnection after described interchange main contactor is closed.
3. soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise control system, described control system comprises soft-start module and CPU module, described soft-start module and the electrical connection of described CPU module, and described soft-start module comprises multiple relay, described multiple relay is arranged to receive instruction from described CPU and control described thyristor and the described conducting and the disconnection that exchange main contactor according to this instruction.
4. soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described multiple relay comprises the first relay, the second relay and the 3rd relay, and described set-up of control system becomes:
When the alternating voltage of the input of described thyristor and the output of described thyristor are by same frequently for the line voltage accessed, same to phase time, described CPU sends instruction to described first relay, thyristor described in described first Control is opened, the output voltage of described thyristor increases gradually, until the whole conducting of described thyristor; And
When described soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is after rated voltage is run, described CPU sends instruction to respectively described second relay and described 3rd relay, thyristor described in described second Control is disconnected, exchange main contactor described in described 3rd Control to close, thus complete the start-up course of described soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
5. soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, direct current EMC filter is also provided with between described DC circuit breaker and described electric capacity of voltage regulation, the input of described direct current EMC filter is electrically connected with described DC circuit breaker, and the output of described direct current EMC filter is electrically connected with described electric capacity of voltage regulation.
6. soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also be provided with between described filter and described thyristor and exchange EMC filter, the input of described interchange EMC filter is electrically connected with the output of described filter, and the output of described interchange EMC filter is electrically connected with the input of described thyristor.
7. soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter also comprises secondary power supply line, and described control system is powered via described secondary power supply line.
8. soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described interchange main contactor is in parallel with described thyristor.
9. soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described thyristor is three-phase anti-parallel thyristor.
10. a photovoltaic generating system, described photovoltaic generating system comprises photovoltaic module, header box, box-type substation and booster stations, it is characterized in that, also comprises the soft start photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter as described in any one of claim 1 ~ 9.
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| CN105375525A (en) * | 2015-12-13 | 2016-03-02 | 北京风光天赋科技有限公司 | Intelligent flexible switching device for photovoltaic power station |
| CN105391087A (en) * | 2015-12-13 | 2016-03-09 | 北京风光天赋科技有限公司 | Intelligent energy-saving system applied to photovoltaic power station |
| CN105490278A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-04-13 | 济南大智电力科技有限公司 | Dynamic voltage recovery apparatus |
| CN106936116A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-07 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院有限公司 | Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter protection device |
| CN106936112A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-07 | 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院有限公司 | Header box protection device |
| CN113489051A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-10-08 | 北京京投天信电力电子有限公司 | Flexible voltage soft take-off and landing control system and method for photovoltaic power station |
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| CN113489051A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-10-08 | 北京京投天信电力电子有限公司 | Flexible voltage soft take-off and landing control system and method for photovoltaic power station |
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| CN104993684B (en) | 2018-04-27 |
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