CN104992604B - A kind of method for building segmental individuation human urethra organization object model - Google Patents
A kind of method for building segmental individuation human urethra organization object model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for building segmental individuation human urethra organization object model, using the thin layer penis overall image information of three-dimensional ultrasound acquisition patient；Image district to be built in overall image information is filtered out using method is sketched the contours by hand；Image district to be built three-dimensional reconstruction and handle using 3-D technology, construct can totally 360 degree individuation urethra three-dimensional digital models observed, be conducted into three-dimensional printer and printed, preparing hypostazation segmental has the urethra model of personal feature.The physiology anatomical position structure of the physical model and normal human urethra of technical scheme structure is mutually fitted, and meets individual's feature.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of medical technology, is related to a kind of construction method of medically tissue physical model, especially
It is related to one kind using three-D ultrasonic image instrument and three-dimensional printing technology structure segmental individuation human urethra organization object
The method of model.
Background technology
In the time of last decade, under complex situations ankylurethria treat attention rate just showing it is persistently overheating
Situation.Although the goldstandard for clinically substituting operation to urethra reparation at present is still to be sticked using such as penile flap, cheek mucous membrane, tongue
A variety of autologous tissues such as film or even colonic mucosa are rebuild.But organizational project theory makes this gold in the introducing in the field
The status of standard is by increasing impact.A series of reported success of domestic and international basic and clinic studies, more and more substantially
Show it and be likely to become clinical treatment goldstandard of future generation.And with the further investigation of urethral tissue engineering field, make
Deep change is also just being experiencing for the research and development of the wherein biomaterial of important composition part, it is biology that one of it, which is mainly showed,
The preparation of material is from traditional homogenization pattern to the individuation scheme development for patient.If this problem is carried out fine
Solution, be expected to further promote acceleration from urethral tissue engineering technology to clinical practice convert.
As the biomaterial of urethra reconstruction of future generation, individuation is characterized in that can not obtain a scarce design standard.
Timbering material is prepared come individuation according to the tissue signature of patient, not only the scope of application of finished-product material can be made almost to be extended to
All sufferers, and because the height of material and patient's self structure is fitted, final therapeutic effect can also get a promotion.With
Toward the acellular matrix or artificial material employed in urethra reconstruction Tissue Engineering Study, can only carry out before implantation
Simple form is cut, and is unable to reach individuation target truly.And the rise and development of 3D printing technique so that individual
Body is prepared into order to possible.The 3D structures of target internal organs can be accurately obtained by all kinds of Imaging Technologies, in conjunction with the later stage
Digital model processing, you can high-precision in 3D printer to print required internal organs mould so that later stage material is inserted
It is moulding, so directly print the individuation material available for Clinical practice.At present by this technology, in oral cavity, orthopaedics
Etc. the individuation that implantation material is realized in multidisciplinary field.But the research of urethra repair materials individuation preparation field is still empty
In vain, its problem is to lack practical digital model treatment technology, and it not only includes having urethra three-dimensional structure information
The Imaging Technology collected is imitated, also includes the post processing skill that fine design and reduction are carried out to the digital model obtained
Art.
In terms of Data Collection is carried out to urethra engineering three-dimensional tissue structures, the conventional MDCT or MRI skills in current other fields
Art and nonideal collection mode.Urethral tissue truly should not only include mucous membrane of urethra, should also cover under it
The cavernous body of urethra tissue of side.Although enhanced CT possesses many advantages, such as super-resolution degree and thin layer capture, but be limited to
Its low resolution to soft tissue structure, it is only capable of telling the mucous layer of urethra tube chamber when obtaining urethral tissue image information,
The image information of cavernosal tissue can not effectively be obtained.And although MRI technique can possess soft tissue preferable display effect,
But its imaging effect is slightly below MDCT.What is more important is due to MRI characteristic, and its scope of application is by a definite limitation, nothing
Method accomplishes patient's all standing.
Therefore, the structure side of effective individuation human urethra organization number model and physical model is lacked in the prior art
Method.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides one kind to utilize Ultrasonic tomography instrument and three-dimensional printing technology structure segmental
The method of Ti Hua human urethras organization object model.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, concrete technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of method for building segmental individuation human urethra organization object model, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, the thin layer penis overall image information of patient is obtained using three-dimensional ultrasound；
Step 2, image district to be built in overall image information is filtered out using sketching the contours method by hand；
Step 3, three-dimensional reconstruction is carried out to image district to be built using 3-D technology and handled, constructing can totally 360 degree of sight
The individuation urethra three-dimensional digital model examined；
Step 4, individuation urethra three-dimensional digital model is imported in three-dimensional printer and printed, prepare hypostazation section
Section property has the urethra model of personal feature.
Preferably, the thickness of thin layer is 0.1mm in the step 1.
Preferably, the penis overall image information in the step 1 includes sagittal plain, Coronal urethra series sequential chart
Picture.
Preferably, urethra and cavernous body information are retained by carrying out data screening by hand in the step 2.
Preferably, processing includes carrying out smooth number model treatment in the step 3.
Preferably, by after patient's orificium urethrae externum irrigates ultrasonic contrast medium, utilizing three-dimensional ultrasound in the step 1
Real-time three-dimensional scanning is carried out to patient's scrotum lower curtate and perineal region soft tissue structure.
Preferably, the ultrasonic contrast medium in the step 1 is Amethocaine hydrochloride mucilage or physiological saline.
Preferably, the craft in the step 2 sketches the contours method and includes first being hooked urethra center black lumen diameter region
Strangle and deleted, after the cavernous body of urethra and periurethral tissue gap are sketched the contours, and will organize beyond urethra to be rejected.
Preferably, the printed material in the step 4 is acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.
Preferably, print parameters are in the step 4：Printing head temperature is 210~240 DEG C, baseplate temp be 70~
110 DEG C, shower nozzle walking speed be 30~70mm/s.
Relative to prior art, technical scheme has advantages below：
1, the three-dimensional urethra model constructed by the present invention has physiological radian, so as to the physiology with normal human urethra
Anatomical position structure is mutually fitted；
2, the three-dimensional urethra model constructed by the present invention not only includes urethral mucosa tube chamber layer, and includes urethra and stick
Cavernous body layer data information below film, thus urethra threedimensional model truly can be referred to as；
3, in the present invention constructed cavernous body of urethra tomographic image information with the difference in patient's actual anatomical structures and
There is certain otherness, thus the urethra model finally constructed can be referred to as the individuation urethra mould in just sincere justice
Type.
Brief description of the drawings
The accompanying drawing for forming the part of the present invention is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
Apply example and its illustrate to be used to explain the present invention, do not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the anterior urethra image information of the three-D ultrasonic image technical limit spacing of the embodiment of the present invention, and wherein A is sagittal plain
Image, B are coronal bit image；
Fig. 2 is the interim urethra physical model schematic diagram after digital modeling 3 D-printing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.
Embodiments of the invention are done with specific explaination below with reference to accompanying drawing.
One kind of embodiments of the invention utilizes Ultrasonic tomography instrument and three-dimensional printing technology structure segmental individuation
The method of human urethra organization object model, thin layer penis section and bulbous urethra cavernous body are successfully obtained by three-dimensional ultrasound
Organizational information, while using sketching the contours method filters out image district to be built by hand, by later stage three-dimensional switching software, generation, which has, suffers from
The digitlization urethra model of person's individuation feature, after this mathematical model is converted into STL forms, import in three-dimensional printer
Row printing, has the urethra model of personal feature finally to prepare hypostazation segmental.
Ultrasonic imaging technique has preferable resolution ratio to soft tissue, and its sharpest edges is that urine can be clearly distinguished
The situation of cavernosal tissue around road.And the ultrasonic three-dimensional imaging system of a new generation can not only reach what is compared favourably with MDCT
0.1mm thin layer captures, it is often more important that the 3 d image data obtained by it has been found to can be used for rebuild specific dirty
The threedimensional model of device.
Really meet the urethra three-dimensional of patient individuality it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a kind of brand-new structure
Physical model.Not only include the individuation form of urethra tube chamber in the model, while also include with personal feature
Cavernae corporis spongiosi volume morphing around the urethra tube chamber of performance.The foundation of the physical model, contribute to needing to carry out related urethra
The patients of reconstruction operations carries out preoperative evaluation, while also is adapted for the later stage and prepares corresponding material by reverse mould technique and prepare mould,
In case follow-up different kind organism synthetic material is by die casting technology, row prepares urethra reparation individuation material again.
In an embodiment of the present invention, after preferably irrigating ultrasonic contrast medium by per urethra collar extension, obtained through three-D ultrasonic instrument
Take thin layer (0.1mm thickness) penis overall image information.Data are passed through after JPG forms are preserved using IMAGE J softwares
Urology Surgery specialist carries out data screening, retains urethra and cavernous body information.Converted by software, build three-dimensional urethra sea
Continuous body information, and postmenstruation smoothing processing and STL format conversions, are directed into 3D printer and carry out follow-up 3D printing.The present invention
Embodiment specifically include following steps：
Step 1.1, patient makes even clinostatism, carries out routine disinfection, especially pays close attention to orificium urethrae externum sterilization.Outside by patient's urethra
Mouthful position injection Amethocaine hydrochloride mucilage, and block orificium urethrae externum and prevent that rubber cement is excessive.
Step 1.2, using Toshiba's Aplio500 diasonographs, pop one's head in model PLT-1204MV (centre frequency 14MHz),
Real-time 3D scannings are carried out to patient's scrotum lower curtate and perineal region soft tissue structure, Coronal urethra system when obtaining patient's horizontal position
Row consecutive image information, data are preserved in the form of ROWDATA.Then use FLYthru software processings, image information through three-dimensional at
Reason, it is 0.1mm sagittal plain, Coronal urethra series consecutive image to obtain thickness.By the image obtained with DICOM and
JPG forms preserve.
Step 2, by acquired sagittal plain, Coronal urethra series consecutive image information, using IMAGE J graphical analyses
Software is opened respectively, and urethra center black lumen diameter region is carefully sketched the contours and deleted.Afterwards by the cavernous body of urethra
With periurethral tissue gap (grey-black gap) and sketching the contours, and will organize to be rejected beyond urethra.
Step 3, after every sagittal plain, Coronal urethra image information being handled as stated above, and preserved.Will
All images are positioned in three-dimensional reconstruction software, carry out three-dimensional reconstruction.And smooth number model treatment is carried out by software.So as to
Construct can totally 360 degree observation individuation urethra three-dimensional digital model.And preferred three-dimensional reconstruction software refers to Bitplane
Imaris, MATLAB, 3ds Max or Solidworks softwares.
Step 4, three-dimensional urethra mathematical model is further subjected to format conversion using software, transforms into and be available for 3D printing
After STL forms, it is poured into 3D printing software, structure segmental individuation 3D solid urethra mould is printed through 3D printer
Type.
Embodiment 1
Step 1.1, patient to be detected makes even clinostatism, and penis and scrotum region and orificium urethrae externum region carry out disinfection processing.
Penis is given into drawing under flaccid state to stretch, injects totokaine rubber cement 10ml, closure from orificium urethrae externum position
Orificium urethrae externum, prevent that rubber cement is excessive.
Step 1.2, using Toshiba's Aplio500 diasonographs, probe model PLT-1204MV (centre frequency 14MHz).
Ultrasonic probe is positioned over penis and scrotum intersection, observes urethra tube chamber situation.
If ultrasound finds that urethra tube chamber is not opened completely, or when opening dissatisfied.Additional injection totokaine can be continued
Rubber cement, until urethra internal diameter, which is opened, is more than 8mm.
As shown in fig. 1, using dynamic scan pattern, urethra and its surrounding tissue are scanned, obtain Coronal urine
Road image information.Data are preserved in the form of ROWDATA.Then FLYthru software processings are used, image information obtains through three-dimensional process
It is 0.1mm sagittal plain, Coronal urethra series consecutive image to obtain thickness, by the image obtained with DICOM and JPG forms
Preserve.
Calibration processing is carried out on each first pictures of sagittal plain and Coronal, all images use after the completion of calibration
DICOM and JPG forms are preserved.
Step 2, above-mentioned iconography image is opened using IMAGE J softwares, carefully sketches the contours urethra lumen diameter side
Edge region, makes closed annular, after interior image information is rejected.
The cavernous body of urethra and surrounding tissue border are further sketched the contours using above-mentioned software, the general border that is imaged is dark-grey white
(cavernous body)-light gray-white (periurethral tissue)
Step 3, each iconography picture is subjected to three-dimensional micromodule processing via Bitplane Imaris softwares, finally
Obtain three-dimensional urethra data model information.
Step 4, using Bitplane Imaris softwares, above-mentioned three-dimensional data model file is inserted and further turned
Change, obtain being available for the STL formatted files of 3D printing.
As shown in Figure 2, above-mentioned STL formatted files are imported in 3D printing software, printed through 3D desktop printers, structure
Individuation three-dimensional penis section urethra physical model.Printed material is acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), printing ginseng
Number：210~240 DEG C of printing head temperature；70~110 DEG C of baseplate temp；Shower nozzle walking speed：30~70mm/s.
Embodiment 2
Step 1.1, patient to be detected makes even clinostatism, and perineal region and orificium urethrae externum region carry out disinfection processing.
Penis is given into drawing under flaccid state to stretch, from orificium urethrae externum position into bladder saline injection, directly
There is strong urination hope to patient, while continue, from orificium urethrae externum 10ml, to block orificium urethrae externum, prevent that solution is excessive.
Step 1.2, using Toshiba's Aplio500 diasonographs, probe model PLT-1204MV (centre frequency 14MHz).
Ultrasonic probe is positioned over perineum, observes urethra tube chamber situation.
If ultrasound finds that urethra tube chamber is not opened completely, or when opening dissatisfied.Additional injection physiology salt can be continued
Water, until urethra internal diameter, which is opened, is more than 8mm.If it is repeated twice operation to fail so that urethra chamber is further opened, to assert the section
Urethra exists narrow.
As shown in fig. 1, using dynamic scan pattern, urethra and its surrounding tissue are scanned, obtain Coronal urine
Road image information.Data are preserved in the form of ROWDATA, are then obtained with FLYthru software processings, image information through three-dimensional process
It is 0.1mm sagittal plain, Coronal urethra series consecutive image to obtain thickness, by the image obtained with DICOM and JPG forms
Preserve.
Calibration processing is carried out on each first pictures of sagittal plain and Coronal, all images use after the completion of calibration
DICOM and JPG forms are preserved.
Step 2, above-mentioned iconography image is opened using IMAGE J softwares, carefully sketches the contours urethra lumen diameter side
Edge region, makes closed annular, after interior image information is rejected.
The cavernous body of urethra and surrounding tissue border are further sketched the contours using above-mentioned software, the general border that is imaged is dark-grey white
(cavernous body)-light gray-white (periurethral tissue)
Step 3, each iconography picture is subjected to three-dimensional micromodule processing via Bitplane Imaris softwares, finally
Obtain three-dimensional urethra data model information.
Step 4, using Bitplane Imaris softwares, above-mentioned three-dimensional data model file is inserted and further turned
Change, obtain being available for the STL formatted files of 3D printing.
As shown in Figure 2, above-mentioned STL formatted files are imported in 3D printing software, printed through 3D desktop printers, structure
Individuation three-dimensional bulbous urethra physical model.Printed material is acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), printing ginseng
Number：210~240 DEG C of printing head temperature；70~110 DEG C of baseplate temp；Shower nozzle walking speed：30~70mm/s.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above, but it is intended only as example, it is of the invention and unlimited
It is formed on particular embodiments described above.To those skilled in the art, it is any to the equivalent modifications that carry out of the present invention and
Substitute also all among scope of the invention.Therefore, the impartial conversion made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and
Modification, all should be contained within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. method for building segmental individuation human urethra organization object model, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：Step 1, the thin layer penis overall image information of patient is obtained using three-dimensional ultrasound；By through patient's orificium urethrae externum irrigate ultrasonic contrast medium after, using three-dimensional ultrasound to patient's scrotum lower curtate and perineal region Domain soft tissue structure carries out real-time three-dimensional scanning, and the thickness for obtaining penis thin layer is 0.1mm, the penis overall image information Including sagittal plain, Coronal urethra series consecutive image, wherein ultrasonic contrast medium is Amethocaine hydrochloride mucilage or physiological saline；Step 2, image district to be built in overall image information is filtered out using sketching the contours method by hand；By carrying out data screening by hand, retain urethra and cavernous body information, sketching the contours method by hand is included first by urethra center black Lumen diameter region is sketched the contours and deleted, after the cavernous body of urethra and periurethral tissue gap are sketched the contours, and by urethra Tissue is rejected in addition；Step 3, three-dimensional reconstruction is carried out to image district to be built using 3-D technology and handled, including carried out at smooth number model Reason, construct can totally 360 degree observe individuation urethra three-dimensional digital model；Step 4, individuation urethra three-dimensional digital model is imported in three-dimensional printer and printed, prepare hypostazation segmental Urethra model with personal feature；Printed material is acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and print parameters are：Printing head temperature be 210~240 DEG C, Baseplate temp is 70~110 DEG C, shower nozzle walking speed is 30~70mm/s.
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| CN106085949A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of method rebuilding urethra prosthese based on 3D printing shaping |
| CN106384554A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-02-08 | 上海光韵达数字医疗科技有限公司 | Operation training model and manufacturing method thereof and operation navigation system |
| CN106781953A (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2017-05-31 | 首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院 | The method for preparing artificial blood vessel's mould |
| CN106847040A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-13 | 宁波维迈医疗科技有限公司 | Human body organa parenchymatosum's model preparation method |
| CN109003523A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-14 | 嘉兴学院 | Bulbous urethra end to end anastomosis operative training model and preparation method thereof |
| CN113559327B (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2022-09-06 | 上海市第六人民医院 | 3D printing urethral repair and reconstruction stent and preparation method thereof |
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