CN104988421A - Steel for large wind power bearings, and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Steel for large wind power bearings, and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104988421A CN104988421A CN201510422738.1A CN201510422738A CN104988421A CN 104988421 A CN104988421 A CN 104988421A CN 201510422738 A CN201510422738 A CN 201510422738A CN 104988421 A CN104988421 A CN 104988421A
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Abstract
A steel for large wind power bearings comprises 0.42-0.46wt% of C, 0.65-0.85wt% of Mn, 0.15-0.25wt% of Mo, 0.60-0.80wt% of Ni, 0.80-1.00wt% of Cr, 0.65-0.85wt% of Si, 0.05wt% or less of Al acid solution, 0.003wt% or less of Ti, 0.01wt% or less of S, 0.01wt% or less of P, 0.0008wt% or less of O, 0.00012wt% or less of H, and the balance of Fe and normal impurities. A preparation method of the steel for bearings mainly comprises the following steps: austenitizing processed large wind power bearings at 850-880DEG C; carrying out water quenching, wherein the quenching heating time t1 equals 0.5+1.5*delta/60; tempering at 550-580DEG C, wherein the tempering heat insulation time t2 equals (delta+20)/60; and carrying out oil cooling to room temperature. The method has the advantages of low production cost and accurate smelting, and the steel for bearings is suitable for making wind power yaw bearings and pitch bearings with large power being greater than 5MW.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of steel alloy and preparation method thereof.
Since background technology enters 21 century, serious energy dilemma and environmental degradation situation in world wide, are there is.Solution is actively sought in countries in the world, and sight has been put on this renewable green energy resource of wind energy the most at last.China's wind energy content is extremely abundant, and the exploitation of wind energy have unlimited potentiality.But immature due to high-power (5MW and more than) wind power technology, a lot of key part is as the dependence on import always such as main shaft bearing, driftage pitch variable bearings.For promoting the development of China's wind power technology, opening up international wind-power market, being necessary to develop a kind of high-power driftage pitch variable bearings steel with low cost.
China has realized production domesticization completely in small power (3MW and following) wind power yawing variable-pitch bearing, and using 42CrMo steel as production starting material.But along with the development of aerogenerator the Enlargement Tendency, hardening capacity, the mechanical property of 42CrMo steel cannot meet its service requirements.Add more alloying element in 40CrNiMo steel, though improve hardening capacity on certain basis, but still cannot meet the requirement of 5MW aerogenerator, and the content of its composition interalloy element Ni is very high, greatly improves its production cost.
Patent announcement CN101230441B, name is called the Chinese invention patent of " wind electricity change paddle of low-temperature impact-resistant, yaw axis bearing ring 42CrMoVNb steel ", the component of this 42CrMoVNb steel and content are C:0.42 ~ 0.45, Si:0.15 ~ 0.30, Mn:0.60 ~ 0.90, Cr:0.90 ~ 1.20, Mo:0.15 ~ 0.30, Ni:0.35 ~ 0.60, V:0.08 ~ 0.15, Nb:0.03 ~ 0.06, Cu≤0.20, S :≤0.015, P :≤0.015, [O] :≤20ppm, [H] :≤2.0ppm, and all the other are Fe and normal impurity.The invention provides a kind of wind power yawing variable-pitch bearing steel, but wherein add the noble metals such as Nb, significantly improve the production cost of bearing, and clearly state this steel for 1.5MW level wind power bearing in its invention, explanation is not provided for the production that whether can be used for high-power (5MW and more than) wind power bearing.Patent announcement CN101935811A, name is called " a kind of high strength, low-temperature impact-resistant, the wind-powered electricity generation rotating bearing steel of weathering resistance and production technique thereof " Chinese invention patent, the moiety wt% of this steel is C:0.41 ~ 0.44%, Si:0.17 ~ 0.37%, Mn:0.60 ~ 0.80%, Cr:0.90 ~ 1.20%, Mo:0.20 ~ 0.30%, P :≤0.020%, S :≤0.015%, Al:0.015 ~ 0.045%, Cu :≤0.20%, Sb :≤0.003%, Sn :≤0.002%, As :≤0.010%, B :≤0.010%, [O] :≤15ppm, [H]≤1.5ppm, [N]≤70ppm, remaining is Fe.The invention provides a kind of high strength, low-temperature impact-resistant wind power bearing steel, its-40 DEG C of ballistic works are greater than 27J, but clearly do not refer to its bright intensity rank.From this Steel Alloy composition, the hardening capacity of this steel should be close with 42CrMo steel, cannot reach the high-hardenability required by high-power (5MW and more than) and mechanical performance index.
Summary of the invention the present invention proposes and is a kind ofly suitable for large-scale wind electricity bearing steel manufacturing more than 5MW high-power wind turbine driftage bearing and pitch variable bearings and preparation method thereof.The present invention mainly improves the content of alloying element C, Cr on existing 40CrNiMo base steel plinth, and control emphatically the content of silicon addition, hardening capacity and the intensity of steel is improved under the prerequisite not affecting plasticity and toughness, reduce the content of noble metal Ni element to reduce production cost, the content of regulation alloying element Ti, prevent the generation of thick TiN, to improve the fatigue property of bearing.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of large-scale wind electricity bearing steel, its chemical component weight per-cent is C:0.42 ~ 0.46, Mn:0.65 ~ 0.85, Mo:0.15 ~ 0.25, Ni:0.60 ~ 0.80, Cr:0.80 ~ 1.00, Si:0.65 ~ 0.85, Al
acid-soluble:≤0.05, Ti :≤0.003, O :≤0.0008, H :≤0.00012, S :≤0.01, P :≤0.01, rest part is Fe and normal impurity.
The preparation method of above-mentioned wind power bearing steel:
1, adopt converter smelting molten steel, by molten steel through conventional external refining and the degassed process of conventional vacuum, adopt GPF (General Protection False casting process to obtain steel billet, steel billet is carried out thermoplasticity processing, positive pry-rolling ring is processed into large-scale wind electricity bearing;
2, modifier treatment is carried out to bearing steel, first shrend after 850 ~ 880 DEG C of austenitizings, Quench heating time t
1=0.5+1.5 × δ/60, wherein t
1for heat-up time (unit, h), δ is the net thickness (unit, mm) of workpiece, then 550 ~ 580 DEG C of tempering, tempering insulation time t
2=(δ+20)/60, wherein t
2for soaking time, (unit, h), after tempering, oil cooling is to room temperature.
The content of C, Cr alloying element in 40CrNiMo steel is improved, to improve the hardening capacity of steel; Control emphatically the content of silicon addition, under the prerequisite not affecting plasticity and toughness, improve the hardening capacity of steel, tensile strength and yield strength, the obdurability of this steel after modifier treatment is met the demands; The content of regulation steel interalloy element ti, prevents the generation of thick TiN, improves the fatigue property of bearing; O content in strict control steel is at below 8ppm, and H content, at below 1.5ppm, improves the purity of steel, thus improves the over-all properties of material.
The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages:
1, every mechanical property of the large-scale wind electricity bearing steel of preparation reaches the performance requriements of 5MW high-power wind turbine bearing steel completely.
2, in steel, the content of noble metal Ni element is lower, and the production cost of bearing is reduced greatly.
3, do not comprise the micro alloying elements such as Nb, V, B in steel, the tolerance range of smelting more easily ensures.
4, give the calculation formula of Quench heating time and tempering insulation time according to the net thickness of workpiece, to actual production, there is very large directive significance.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Adopt converter smelting molten steel; by molten steel through conventional external refining and the degassed process of conventional vacuum; adopt GPF (General Protection False casting process to obtain steel billet, the chemical composition (by weight percentage) of this steel is: C:0.42, Mn:0.84, Mo:0.16, Ni:0.61, Cr:0.99, Si:0.76, Al
acid-soluble: 0.03, S:0.004, P:0.008, O:0.0007, H:0.00011, Ti:0.001, all the other are Fe and normal impurities; Steel billet is carried out thermoplasticity processing, positive pry-rolling ring is processed into large-scale wind electricity bearing, bearing ring net thickness is 221mm; Heat-treat the bearing of mentioned component, austenitizing temperature 850 DEG C, Quench heating time 6h, shrend, after 550 DEG C of tempering heating 4h, oil cooling is to room temperature.Carry out measuring mechanical property to the sampling of wall thickness 12.5mm position, result is as shown in table 1:
Table 1.
Embodiment 2
Adopt converter smelting molten steel; by molten steel through conventional external refining and the degassed process of conventional vacuum; adopt GPF (General Protection False casting process to obtain steel billet, the chemical composition (by weight percentage) of this steel is: C:0.44, Mn:0.71, Mo:0.21, Ni:0.72, Cr:0.89, Si:0.66, Al
acid-soluble: 0.031, S:0.003, P:0.005, O:0.0007, H:0.00009, Ti:0.002, all the other are Fe and normal impurities; Steel billet is carried out thermoplasticity processing, positive pry-rolling ring is processed into large-scale wind electricity bearing, bearing ring net thickness is 262mm; Heat-treat the bearing of mentioned component, austenitizing temperature 865 DEG C, Quench heating time 7h, shrend, after 565 DEG C of tempering heating 5h, oil cooling is to room temperature.Carry out measuring mechanical property to the sampling of wall thickness 12.5mm position, result is as shown in table 2:
Table 2.
Embodiment 3
Adopt converter smelting molten steel; by molten steel through conventional external refining and the degassed process of conventional vacuum; adopt GPF (General Protection False casting process to obtain steel billet, the chemical composition (by weight percentage) of this steel is: C:0.43, Mn:0.66, Mo:0.25, Ni:0.79, Cr:0.81, Si:0.85, Al
acid-soluble: 0.031, S:0.002, P:0.003, O:0.0006, H:0.00008, Ti:0.002, all the other are Fe and normal impurities; Steel billet is carried out thermoplasticity processing, positive pry-rolling ring is processed into large-scale wind electricity bearing, bearing ring net thickness is 225mm; Heat-treat the bearing of mentioned component, austenitizing temperature 880 DEG C, Quench heating time 6h, shrend, after 580 DEG C of tempering heating 4h, oil cooling is to room temperature.Carry out measuring mechanical property to the sampling of wall thickness 12.5mm position, result is as shown in table 3:
Table 3.
Claims (2)
1. a large-scale wind electricity bearing steel, its chemical component weight per-cent is: C:0.42 ~ 0.46, Mn:0.65 ~ 0.85, Mo:0.15 ~ 0.25, Ni:0.60 ~ 0.80, Cr:0.80 ~ 1.00, Si:0.65 ~ 0.85, Al
acid-soluble:≤0.05, Ti :≤0.003, S :≤0.01, P :≤0.01, O :≤0.0008, H :≤0.00012, rest part is Fe and normal impurity.
2. the preparation method of large-scale wind electricity bearing steel according to claim 1; adopt converter smelting molten steel; by molten steel through conventional external refining and the degassed process of conventional vacuum; GPF (General Protection False casting process is adopted to obtain steel billet; steel billet is carried out thermoplasticity processing, positive pry-rolling ring is processed into large-scale wind electricity bearing; it is characterized in that: modifier treatment is carried out to bearing steel, first shrend after 850 ~ 880 DEG C of austenitizings, Quench heating time t
1=0.5+1.5 × δ/60, wherein t
1for heat-up time, the net thickness of unit to be h, δ be workpiece, unit is mm, then 550 ~ 580 DEG C of tempering, tempering insulation time t
2=(δ+20)/60, wherein t
2for soaking time, unit is h, and after tempering, oil cooling is to room temperature.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109321835A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-12 | 瓦房店轴承集团国家轴承工程技术研究中心有限公司 | High alloy element material and heat treatment optimization technique for wind-powered turntable bearing |
| CN112048661A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-12-08 | 张家港市弘扬金属制品制造有限公司 | Steel for wind power yaw bearing ring and heat treatment method |
| CN112239833A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-19 | 蚌埠飞宇轴承有限公司 | Preparation method of wear-resistant bearing |
| CN112725683A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-30 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | Production method of low-cost large-thickness steel plate 40CrNiMo |
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| CN101994062A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-03-30 | 成都天马铁路轴承有限公司 | Wind power bearing steel |
| CN101592131B (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2012-05-16 | 张家港海陆环形锻件有限公司 | method for manufacturing ring forging of rotary support ring for wind power equipment |
| JP2013096448A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-20 | Nsk Ltd | Rolling bearing for wind power generation facility |
| CN104178695A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-12-03 | 燕山大学 | Medium-carbon-boron microalloyed steel for wind power bearing and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101592131B (en) * | 2009-06-19 | 2012-05-16 | 张家港海陆环形锻件有限公司 | method for manufacturing ring forging of rotary support ring for wind power equipment |
| CN101994062A (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2011-03-30 | 成都天马铁路轴承有限公司 | Wind power bearing steel |
| JP2013096448A (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-05-20 | Nsk Ltd | Rolling bearing for wind power generation facility |
| CN104178695A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-12-03 | 燕山大学 | Medium-carbon-boron microalloyed steel for wind power bearing and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109321835A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-12 | 瓦房店轴承集团国家轴承工程技术研究中心有限公司 | High alloy element material and heat treatment optimization technique for wind-powered turntable bearing |
| CN112048661A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-12-08 | 张家港市弘扬金属制品制造有限公司 | Steel for wind power yaw bearing ring and heat treatment method |
| CN112239833A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-19 | 蚌埠飞宇轴承有限公司 | Preparation method of wear-resistant bearing |
| CN112725683A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-30 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | Production method of low-cost large-thickness steel plate 40CrNiMo |
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