The non-equidistant centre focus formula whole body photon scalpel of 2 π/4 π
The present invention relates to the radiating medical apparatus, refer to the non-equidistant centre focus formula whole body photon scalpel of a kind of 2 π/4 π especially.
Medical nuclear physics therapy equipment radiotherapy theatment machine is equipped with a plurality of radioactive sources, and its ray focuses on a bit with static state or dynamical fashion by passage, existing radiotherapy theatment machine, and what have can only treat human body head, and the human body of can only treating that has drives body.In addition, no matter static or dynamic unidirectional rotation or two-way rotating focus radiation mode, as the radioactivity armarium, its safety and reliability are that can product be used for clinical decisive indicator, also are the first elements of product quality.Existing static and dynamic radiation focuses on and shielding mode, the complex structure that has, be difficult for processing, complicated operation, what have does not have an intershield, patient treats the irradiation that the space is subjected to lonizing radiation immediately once entering, cause unnecessary harm, though have be provided with intershield owing to adopt the electronic component gauge tap, electronic component lost efficacy under the intense radiation effect easily, and these all bring unsafe factor to treatment.
The purpose of this invention is to provide the non-equidistant centre focus formula whole body photon scalpel of a kind of 2 π/4 π, both can treat head, can treat again and drive body, and mechanically operated intershield is set, make it safer, reliable.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The non-equidistant centre focus formula whole body photon scalpel of a kind of 2 π/4 π, form by external shielding body, source body, collimation/shielding conversion body, the helmet and helmet inner shield, shielding slab and mechanical driving device, regular arrangement and converge at any through hole on the cylinder collimator is characterized in that:
A. source body, collimation/shielding conversion body, the helmet, radome are the concentric hollow cylinder of sleeve shaped, the axial line of each hollow cylinder overlaps, the external cylindrical surface of source body cooperates with the inner cylinder face of external shielding body, and its mating surface two ends have bearing to be supported to be rotationally connected and axial restraint; The external cylindrical surface of collimation/shielding conversion body cooperates with the inner cylinder face of source body, and its mating surface two ends have bearing to be supported to be rotationally connected and axial restraint; The external cylindrical surface of the helmet and collimation/shielding are changed the inner cylinder face of turning for rotating/be slidingly matched, and its end face is connected with lathe bed and has bearing supporting, this bearing to make helmet lathe bed rotation and move with lathe bed relatively; The end face of the helmet has the groove on the linking arm of contiguous block and source body end face to become convex-concave to be connected, and when the helmet moved axially with lathe bed, this contiguous block entered the groove of source body linking arm and the helmet and source body are circumferentially linked into an integrated entity, and the two does to rotate synchronously;
In the helmet, be close to hole wall in the cylindrical hole lucite radome is housed, inner surface at this glass radome is provided with some shielding slabs, be used to shield the sensitive part of cranial nerve, this shielding slab is made up of outer Magnet and internal layer tungsten alloy, and described Magnet layer is adsorbed on the iron plate that plexiglass tent inlays and goes up and obtain fixing.
B. at the source body, collimation/shielding conversion body, be provided with some axial lines by certain rule on the circumference cylinder of the helmet and overlap the through hole that runs through, each axial line of organizing through hole becomes different angle with the axial line of hollow cylinder, but it is focus point that the axes extending line of respectively organizing through hole all intersects at a bit, this focus point is positioned at the appropriate position of close end face on the hollow cylinder axial line, described through hole is the center with the focus point, on having, down, a left side, symmetric four groups of right 2 π/4 π, the angle α of its interior side through hole and overfocus centrage is between 3 °-48 °, in the ladder hole of source body, in its big stomidium the radioactive source body is housed, in its small end through hole precollimator is housed; The through hole of collimation/shielding conversion body is many than the through hole of source body, and intermediate collimator and intershield device are housed respectively in it; The number of openings of the helmet be the source body number of openings 1-5 doubly, outer collimator is housed in it, in each outer collimator port hole, bigger with the aperture of the most inboard outlet opening of focus center wire clamp angle minimum, outwards respectively discharge the oral pore aperture and successively decrease gradually, thereby guarantee the projected size unanimity of each collimator ray focusing; In each collimator holes to timing, the lonizing radiation directive focus of source body, the distance of the radiation beam of each collimator holes from source point to focus does not wait;
C. fuselage is provided with mechanical driving device, and this machinery is transmission power source body and collimation/shielding conversion body relatively rotates or rotate synchronously respectively.
In preferred embodiment, described source body, collimation/shielding conversion body, be used to install the radioactive source body on the circumference cylinder of the helmet, the distribution rule of the through hole of collimator and shielding device, be with by focus and with the vertical plane of hollow cylinder centrage be datum plane, from the cylinder between 3 °~48 ° of the datum planes, be distributed with some groups (for example 10 groups), every group of through hole that runs through that several (for example 6) deads in line are arranged, but each is organized the through-bore axis equidistant parallel and arranges, delegation successively also can raise, and each hole is pressed circumference in equal parts and is arranged, the source body is identical with the number of openings of every group of the helmet, the number of openings that collimation/shielding conversion body is every group is source body and helmet number of openings four times, has three rows to be used to place the different intermediate collimator in aperture in four exhausting holes that collimation/shielding conversion body is every group, and a row is used to place the intershield device.
The focal spot size specification of described helmet face of cylinder through hole is that Φ 2mm, Φ 4mm, Φ 8mm, Φ 14mm, Φ 18mm count five covers.
The axial line that is provided with on the circumference cylinder of described source body, collimation/shielding conversion body, the helmet overlaps the through hole that runs through, and its focal spot size specification is that Φ 8mm, Φ 18mm, Φ 36mm count three covers.The focal spot size that size Φ 8-Φ 60mm also can be arranged.
The present invention has following actively useful effect:
1. realized radiotherapy to the human body whole body with the non-equidistant centre focus of 2 π/4 π, 2 π/4 π focus on and make radiation profile more even than two phase focusings, and the dosage of single beam line is safer.
2. realized radiotherapy, moved into the helmet and can be used for treating human body head, shifted out the helmet and can be used for treating the human body body the human body whole body.
3. enter the treatment space and not during begin treatment, middle collimation/shielding conversion body is in masked state, can stop that lonizing radiation cause unnecessary harm to patient patient.
4. realize shielding with mechanical system, realize that than electricity consumption prosecutor formula shielding is safer, more reliable.Whole device can be done two-way rotation, and the two-way anglec of rotation can be adjusted arbitrarily, make up.
5. use the rotary helmet, can arbitrarily change the collimator in certain aperture.Simultaneously, the rotary helmet is the parts that are used for the treatment of that combine as a whole with complete machine, can become the supplemental measurement tool when measuring single radioactive source again separately.
6. can measure the dosage of single radioactive source easily, for treatment plan provides primary data accurately.When measuring single radioactive source, available solid tungsten alloy bar is blocked the passage that other need not measure ray, makes the required data of dose plan curve more accurate.
7. strengthened the treatment space of the helmet.
8. increased Φ 2mm collimator, when the focus of treatment header functionality disease, more accurate, safety.
9. process fairly simple, easy.
10. cost is lower, make present fetch long price, can only be the large-scale radiological installation that small number of patients is used, can become price lower, extensive patients all makes the conventional planning armarium of affording to use, and bring benefit to the mankind.
11. can realize two-way rotation, remove slide block and other electronic components of being used in the former helmet to power and transmitting information, make structure simpler, safety and reliability.
Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with preferred embodiment:
Fig. 1 is the profile sketch map that clinical treatment human body of the present invention drives body;
Fig. 2 is the profile sketch map of clinical treatment human body head of the present invention;
Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the invention face the complete section sketch map;
Fig. 4 is the right side partial view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the organigram of the helmet among Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is the right side view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the structure fragmentary detail view of radioactive source and collimator, is collimation position;
The same Fig. 7 of Fig. 8 is screening-off position;
Fig. 9 is the plane outspread drawing of a kind of embodiment that collimator holes is arranged on source body and the helmet open circles cylinder;
Figure 10 be with Fig. 9 corresponding in the middle of the planar development sketch map of the arrangement of collimating aperture, shield opening on the collimation/shielding conversion body open circles cylinder.
Accompanying drawing number:
1. support 2. lathe beds 3. frameworks
4. external shielding body 5. source bodies 6. collimation/shielding conversion bodies
7. the helmet 8. axial lines 9. radomes
10. bearing 11. bearings 12. contiguous blocks
14. linking arm 14 '. groove
15. last shield 15 '. go up shield
16. following shield 18. focus points 19. radioactive source bodies
20. precollimator 21. intermediate collimator 22. intershield devices
23. outer collimator 25. through holes 26. through holes
27. through hole 28. through holes 29. through holes
30. drive part 31. drive parts
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 show the non-equidistant centre focus formula whole body photon scalpel profile signal of a kind of 2 π of the present invention/4 π, movably lathe bed 2 is arranged on support 1, its radioactive source body is loaded in the external shielding body, be loaded on together on the framework 3 of support, by machine driving rotation, Fig. 1 shows that treatment drives body, and the helmet 7 shifts out, Fig. 2 shows the treatment head, uses the helmet 7.The present invention only relates to the focusing and the screening arrangement of this therapy apparatus, now relative section is described:
Please refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, the non-equidistant centre focus formula whole body photon scalpel of 2 π of the present invention/4 π, form by external shielding body 4, source body 5, collimation/shielding conversion body 6, the helmet 7 and helmet inner shield 9, shielding slab and mechanical driving device, wherein collimation/shielding conversion body 6 is whole body collimation body when carrying out whole body therapeutic, is collimation shielding permutator when carrying out head treatment.
Source body 5, collimation/shielding conversion body 6, the helmet 7, radome 9 are the concentric hollow cylinder of sleeve shaped, the axial line 8 of each hollow cylinder overlaps, the external cylindrical surface of source body 5 cooperates with the inner cylinder face of external shielding body 4, and its mating surface two ends have bearing 10 to be supported to be rotationally connected and axial restraint; The external cylindrical surface of collimation/shielding conversion body 6 cooperates with the inner cylinder face of source body, and its mating surface two ends have bearing 11 to be supported to be rotationally connected and axial restraint; The external cylindrical surface of the helmet 7 and collimation/shielding are changed 6 the inner cylinder face of turning for rotating/be slidingly matched, and its end face is connected with lathe bed 2 and has bearing 13 supportings, this bearing to make the helmet 7 lathe bed 2 rotations and move with lathe bed 2 relatively; The end face of the helmet 7 has the groove 14 ' one-tenth convex-concave on the linking arm 14 of contiguous block 12 and source body 5 end faces to be connected, when the helmet 6 moves axially with lathe bed 2, this contiguous block 12 enters the groove 14 of source body linking arm 13 and the helmet 7 and source body 5 is circumferentially linked into an integrated entity, and the two does to rotate synchronously;
Please be simultaneously with reference to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, in the helmet 7, be close to hole wall in the cylindrical hole plexiglass tent 9 is housed, the inner surface of this bell glass 9 be provided with shielding slab 15,15 ', following shielding slab 16, be used to shield the sensitive part of cranial nerve, this shielding slab is made up of outer Magnet and internal layer tungsten alloy, and described Magnet layer is adsorbed on the iron plate that plexiglass tent inlays and goes up and obtain fixing.
At source body 5, collimation/shielding conversion body 6, be provided with some axial lines on the circumference cylinder of the helmet 7 according to certain rules and overlap the through hole that runs through, each organizes 8 one-tenth different angle of axial line of axial line with the hollow cylinder of through hole, but it is focus point 18 that the axes extending line of respectively organizing through hole all intersects at a bit, this focus point 18 is positioned at the appropriate position of hollow cylinder axial line 8, described through hole is the center with the focus point, on having, down, a left side, symmetric four groups of right 2 π/4 π, the angle α of its interior side through hole and overfocus centrage is between 3 °-48 °, in the ladder hole of source body 5, in its big stomidium radioactive source body 19 is housed, in its small end through hole precollimator 20 is housed; The through hole of collimation/shielding conversion body 6 is many than the through hole of source body 5, and intermediate collimator 21 and intershield device 22 are housed respectively in it; The through hole of the helmet 7 is identical with the number of openings of source body 5, outer collimator 23 is housed in it, in each outer collimator port hole, bigger with the aperture of the most inboard outlet opening of focus center wire clamp angle minimum, outwards respectively discharge the oral pore aperture and successively decrease gradually, thereby guarantee the projected size one of each collimator ray focusing; To timing, the lonizing radiation directive focus 18 of source body 5 realizes focusing in each collimator holes, and the distance of the radiation beam of each collimator holes from source point to focus does not wait;
Fig. 7 shows source body 5, middle collimation/shielding conversion body 6, the helmet 7 is respectively with precollimator 20, intermediate collimator 21,23 pairs of timings of outer collimator, the lonizing radiation of radioactive source body 19 pass from collimator, and directive focus 18 realizes the sketch map of focusing, described outer collimator 23 is the taper hole of outlet for big end, thereby forms a small size at focus 18 places.
Collimation/shielding conversion body 6 was carried out shielding with the lonizing radiation of the radioactive source body 19 of 22 pairs of source bodies 5 of intershield device in the middle of Fig. 8 showed, this moment, focus point 18 no radiations arrived.
Fuselage 1 is provided with mechanical driving device, and this machinery has drive part 30,31 to see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and transmission power source body 5 and collimation/shielding conversion body 6 relatively rotate or rotate synchronously respectively, to carry out focused radiation or radiation-screening.
Please be simultaneously with reference to Fig. 9, Figure 10, in preferred embodiment, described source body 5, collimation/shielding conversion body 6, be used to install radioactive source body 19 on the circumference cylinder of the helmet 7, collimator 20,21,23 and the distribution rule of through hole of shielding device 22, be with by focus 18 and with hollow cylinder centrage 8 vertical planes be datum plane, from the cylinder between 3 °~48 ° of the datum planes, be distributed with some groups of (10 groups of I for example, II, III ...), every group of through hole that runs through 25 that several (for example 6) deads in line are arranged, but each is organized the through-bore axis equidistant parallel and arranges, delegation successively also can raise, and each hole is pressed circumference in equal parts and is arranged, the number of openings of the source body 5 and 7 every groups of the helmets is identical sees Fig. 6, the number of openings that collimation/shielding conversion body is 6 every groups is that source body 5 or the helmet 7 number of openings four times are seen Fig. 7, there are three rows (to number 26 among the figure in four exhausting holes that collimation/shielding conversion body is every group, 27,29) be used to place the different intermediate collimator in aperture, one row's (numbering 28 among the figure, the hole of blacking) is used to place the intershield device.
In preferred embodiment, the focal spot size specification of the face of cylinder through hole of the described
helmet 7 is that Φ 2mm, Φ 4mm, Φ 8mm, Φ 14mm, Φ 18mm count five covers, its corresponding
outer collimator 23 corresponding apertures that are installed in the helmet see the following form (unit is mm in the table):
Focal spot size | The small end aperture | Big stomidium footpath |
Φ2 | Φ1.0 | Φ1.5 |
Φ4 | Φ2.0 | Φ2.5 |
Φ8 | Φ3.6 | Φ5.0 |
Φ14 | Φ5.0 | Φ6.0 |
Φ18 | Φ6.0 | Φ10.0 |
The axial line that is provided with on the circumference cylinder of described source body 5, collimation/shielding conversion body 6, the helmet 7 overlaps the through hole that runs through, and its focal spot size specification is that Φ 8mm, Φ 18mm, Φ 36mm count three covers.The focal spot size that size Φ 8-Φ 60mm also can be arranged.