CN104979635A - Array antenna - Google Patents
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- CN104979635A CN104979635A CN201410134061.7A CN201410134061A CN104979635A CN 104979635 A CN104979635 A CN 104979635A CN 201410134061 A CN201410134061 A CN 201410134061A CN 104979635 A CN104979635 A CN 104979635A
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- induced current
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Abstract
The invention discloses an array antenna, comprising a plurality of antenna array elements. The array antenna also comprises at least one obstruct unit which is arranged between adjacent first and second antenna array elements. The at least one obstruct unit is used for generating a second induction current on the second antenna array element using a first induction current, and at least partially offsetting a third induction current on the second antenna array element. The first induction current is an induction current which is generated after a signal current transmitted on the first antenna array element is coupled with the obstruct unit. The third induction current is an induction current which is generated after a signal current transmitted on the first antenna array element is coupled with the second antenna array element.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, particularly relate to a kind of array antenna.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of wireless technology, in wireless network, data service increases rapidly.It is predicted, future during the decade, data service increases with annual 1.6-2 speed doubly, and this brings huge challenge to whole cordless communication network.
Along with being on the increase of wireless broadband business demand, mobile operator needs constantly to increase bandwidth of air-interface and base station number, and the problems of energy consumption of the Radio Access Network brought thus becomes day by day serious, and energy-saving and emission-reduction are extremely urgent.According to statistics, the energy consumption that base station site causes accounts for more than 70 percent of total energy consumption, is therefore only improved Access Network efficiency and just can reaches the object reducing energy consumption raising capacity.
Extensive antenna technology, namely at the extensive multiple antennas of base station deployment (as disposed 128 antennas), utilizing algorithms of different to adjust signal amplitude in different antennae and phase place, carrying out wave beam forming, for network provides the access of Large Copacity and low energy consumption.The value of this technology gets the nod at wireless communication field very early, and it not only effectively can promote the spectrum efficiency of network, also can not improve bandwidth sum power.
Research shows the increase along with number of antennas, and system energy efficiency increases.But in actual antennas battle array, between antenna, there is electromagnetic coupling effect.As shown in Figure 1, the first antenna A is adjacent with the second antenna B, and the changing currents with time on the first antenna A produces electromagnetic fiele, and this electromagnetic fiele will be coupled on the second antenna B, and form inductive coupling electric current, this sense of current is as shown in the second antenna B upward arrow.Found by emulation, after number of antennas is increased to a certain degree, such as, when being increased to more than 50, power system capacity is limited to the coupling between antenna element.
And the coupling at present between antenna element is all solved by the distance increased between antenna element.And when antenna element is very many, the scheme of the coupling between this solution antenna element will increase the volume of antenna greatly.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention process is that the object of example is to provide a kind of array antenna, and this array antenna can exceeded under the prerequisite increasing antenna system volume, effectively reduces the coupling effect between antenna.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
According to an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of array antenna, comprise multiple antenna element, described array antenna also comprises: at least one is arranged at the blocker unit between the first adjacent antenna element and the second antenna element, for utilizing the first induced current to produce the second induced current in described second antenna element, to offset the 3rd induced current in described second antenna element at least partly; Described first induced current is the induced current produced after the signal code that described first antenna element is transmitted is coupled to described blocker unit, and described 3rd induced current is the induced current produced after the signal code that described first antenna element is transmitted is coupled to described second antenna element.
Preferably, described second induced current is identical with the 3rd induced current size, and direction is contrary.
Optionally, described blocker unit is provided with between any two adjacent antenna element.
Preferably, the length of described blocker unit is between 1 to one/4th wavelength.
Optionally, described antenna element is unbalanced antennas a period of time, keeps at a certain distance away between described blocker unit and antenna ground.
Optionally, described antenna element is balancing antenna a period of time, described blocker unit is provided with a narrow slit structure.
Better, in some embodiments of the present invention, also comprise: the signals collecting link arranged corresponding to antenna element, be electrically connected with the blocker unit of correspondence, for gathering signal coupling in antenna element to the first inductive coupling electric current in described blocker unit, for the descending calibration of array antenna, and to described blocker unit output drive signal, pumping signal is made to be coupled to the second inductive coupling electric current of described antenna element generation for the up calibration of array antenna.
Preferably, described signals collecting link is the receiving-transmitting chain of corresponding antenna element.
Optionally, described antenna element is unbalanced antennas a period of time, keeps at a certain distance away between described blocker unit and antenna ground.
Optionally, described antenna element is balancing antenna a period of time, described blocker unit is provided with a narrow slit structure.
Preferably, described blocker unit is the narrowband device relative to directional coupler.
Preferably, described blocker unit works on the isolation frequency of the first antenna element and the second antenna element.
As can be seen from above, the array antenna that the present invention and embodiment provide, between two antenna element, blocker unit is set, utilize the first antenna to upload defeated signal code and be coupled to the first induced current in this blocker unit, second antenna element produces the second induced current, the 3rd induced current that the current coupling of offsetting signal transmission in the first antenna element further with this second induced current produces on the second antenna element, thus the degree of coupling effectively reduced between antenna element, reduce the spacing between extensive antenna element, reduce the area of whole array antenna, improve power system capacity.
In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, be also provided with signals collecting link, the couple current between isolated location and antenna element can be gathered, thus the calibration of pair array antenna can be realized.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and, partly become apparent from specification, or understand by implementing the present invention.Object of the present invention and other advantages realize by structure specifically noted in write specification, claims and accompanying drawing and obtain.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for specification, is used from explanation the present invention, is not construed as limiting the invention with the embodiment of the present invention one.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the coupling effect schematic diagram in prior art between antenna element;
Fig. 2 is antenna calibration electrical connection schematic diagram in prior art;
The last separation structure schematic diagram in direction overlooked by the array antenna comprising a pair antenna element and a blocker unit that Fig. 3 provides for one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the array antenna structure schematic diagram after blocker unit set up by the array antenna of Fig. 3;
Structural representation on direction overlooked by the array antenna including a pair antenna element and a blocker unit that Fig. 5 provides for another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the blocker unit of Fig. 5 and antenna ground schematic diagram in left apparent direction in the assembled state;
Fig. 7 is the annexation schematic diagram of the multiplexing signals collecting link as increasing during antenna calibration of blocker unit and antenna element and blocker unit.
Embodiment
In order to provide effective implementation, embodiments providing following examples, below in conjunction with Figure of description, embodiments of the invention being described.
According to the array antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, comprise multiple antenna element, also comprise: at least one is arranged at the blocker unit between the first adjacent antenna element and the second antenna element, for utilizing the first induced current to produce the second induced current in described second antenna element, to offset the 3rd induced current in described second antenna element at least partly;
Above-mentioned first induced current is the induced current produced after the signal code that described first antenna element is transmitted is coupled to described blocker unit, and above-mentioned 3rd induced current is the induced current produced after the signal code that described first antenna element is transmitted is coupled to described second antenna element.
Concrete, the first antenna element and the second antenna element can comprise coil antenna, inverted-F antenna, band antenna, planar inverted F-antenna, slot antenna, chamber type antenna, unipole antenna, dipole antenna, paster antenna, microstrip antenna etc.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, by arranging a blocker unit, realize secondary coupling, and then offset in antenna element by the induced current generated that is once coupled between antenna element by the induced current that secondary is coupled in antenna element, thus the degree of coupling that can effectively reduce between antenna element, and then the spacing reduced when meeting the degree of coupling and requiring between extensive antenna element, reduce the area of whole array antenna.
The array antenna structure that one embodiment of the present of invention provide as shown in Figure 3, illustrates the array antenna including a pair antenna element and a blocker unit and overlooks a part of structure on direction.As shown in Figure 3, this array antenna comprises: the first antenna element 301, second antenna element 302, blocker unit 303.In the layout shown in Fig. 3, blocker unit 303 is arranged between the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302.
There is changing currents with time I in the first antenna element 301
excitedwhen, according to faraday electromagnetic induction theorem and Ampere theorem, changing electric field can produce magnetic field, and variation magnetic field can produce electric field, and the electric current in the first antenna element 301 will be coupled in blocker unit 303, forms the first induced current I
parasitic.
At the two ends of the second antenna element 302, in the first antenna element 301, the electric field of change causes generation the 3rd induced current I
direct.And by the first induced current I in parasitic element
parasiticalso can be coupled to the centre position of antenna B, form the second induced current I
cancel, the sense of current on three as shown in Figure 3.Due to I
canceland I
directdirection is contrary, and thus this two-way induced current can be offset at least partly, thus effectively can reduce the coupling effect between the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302.
In practical situations both, blocker unit 303 itself can to the changing currents with time I in the first antenna element 301
excitedthe variation magnetic field produced stops, causes the first couple current I produced in the second antenna element 302
parasiticbe less than induced current when blocker unit 303 is not set, the second antenna element 302 produced.Thus blocker unit 303 is inherently playing abated effect to the coupling effect between the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302.
In embodiment shown in Fig. 3, antenna element adopts balancing antenna a period of time; Blocker unit also can be applied to the array antenna with unbalanced antennas a period of time, concrete, blocker unit is arranged between the first antenna element and the second antenna element, reduces the coupling effect between two antenna element by same principle.
As shown in Figure 5, its first antenna element 501 and the second antenna element 502 are the antenna element of microstrip antenna, and blocker unit 503 is arranged between the first antenna element 501 and the second antenna element 502.The array antenna coupling separation principle of this structure is identical with the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, in this no longer repeated description.
When antenna element adopts other unbalanced antennas except microstrip antenna, the set-up mode of blocker unit is identical with Fig. 3 or Fig. 5.
The shape of blocker unit, can adopt the I shape shown in Fig. 3, also can adopt the bar shaped shown in Fig. 5.
Concrete shape and the design of position can pass through emulation, or actual experiment obtains.
With reference to Fig. 3, as the second induced current I
cancelwith the 3rd induced current I
directfor direction is contrary, the electric current of arbitrary size time, therebetween at least can partial offset, thus coupling effect is played to the effect of reduction.Under the best circumstances, the second induced current I
cancelwith the 3rd induced current I
directanswer equal and opposite in direction, direction contrary.
In the preferred embodiment, with reference to Fig. 3, the design of adjustment parasitic element 303, then can meet and be coupled to electric current I on antenna B
directand I
cancelcancel out each other completely, meet couple current I
coupled=I
direct+ I
cancel=0, that is I
directand I
cancelequal and opposite in direction, direction is contrary.So, parasitic element can be the highest to the isolation between antenna element.
With reference to Fig. 3, in certain embodiments, in order to improve the second induced current I
cancelwith the 3rd induced current I
directbetween the effect of cancelling out each other, can design blocker unit 303, make on its isolation frequency working in the first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302.This isolation frequency can be one, two or more isolation frequency.
In a preferred embodiment, blocker unit adopts tunable parasitic element.
In the ideal case, the length of blocker unit is between 1 to one/4th wavelength.Such as, the length of blocker unit can be quarter-wave, also can be 1/2nd wavelength, also can be a wavelength.
When being provided with a blocker unit in array antenna, certain reduction coupling effect can being played and reduce the effect of array antenna volume; But when there is multiple antenna element in array antenna, a blocker unit is only set, the limited use of the reduction coupling effect that it plays, reduction array antenna volume.Thus, in preferred embodiment, array antenna should arrange multiple isolated location, to promote the effect that coupling effect reduces and volume reduces.
Such as, the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 sets up a blocker unit 303 on Fig. 3 basis.With reference to Fig. 4, in the first antenna element 301, second antenna element 302 set gradually, between third antenna a period of time 303, be provided with two blocker unit 303: namely, between the first adjacent antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302, be provided with a blocker unit 303; Further, the second adjacent antenna element 302 and between third antenna a period of time 304, is also provided with another blocker unit 303.
In like manner, when array antenna is provided with the more multi-antenna array period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, between antenna element, more blocker unit can also be set.
In a kind of most preferred embodiment, in array antenna, between any two adjacent antenna element, be provided with blocker unit.
When needs, can also arrange multiple blocker unit between two adjacent antenna element, this multiple blocker unit sets gradually along antenna element.
Except coupling effect reduces this problem, in array antenna system, for ensureing the accuracy of beam shaping, need the calibration each radio-frequency channel, sky being carried out to amplitude and phase place.Especially in extensive antenna system (as 128 antennas), beamwidth is very narrow, and thus calibration is even more important.
A kind of calibration program of the prior art as shown in Figure 2.By 8 single-row antennas 201 a radome inside, there is the directional coupler 203 that a degree of coupling is identical at input/output port interface 202 place of each antenna, forms one piece of coupling network board.All directional couplers 203 are pooled to calibration interface 205 by mixer 204, and feed back to the feedback path of RRU (Remote Radio Unit, Radio Remote Unit), mixer 204 also comprises multiple power distribution synthesizer 2041.In large scale array antenna, according to the calibration program of prior art, then need the directional coupler that magnitude setting is huge between antenna element, calibration cost will inevitably be increased like this.
In the calibration program of existing 8 antenna systems, 8 directional coupler processing are on one piece of pcb board, and Project Realization there is no difficulty.And in the extensive antenna system in future (as 128 antennas), calibration accuracy requires very high, calibrate as still adopted directional coupler, coupler quantity is large, be integrated on one piece of board, calibration board is huge, and so huge calibration plate will exist amplitude-phase discreteness, has an impact to calibration accuracy.
Also there is another problem for extensive antenna system in existing calibration program: 8 directional coupler processing of 8 antenna systems are on one piece of pcb board, and Project Realization there is no difficulty; And in the extensive antenna system in future (as 128 antennas), calibration accuracy requires very high, calibrate as still adopted directional coupler, coupler quantity is large, be integrated on one piece of board, calibration board is huge, and so huge calibration plate will exist amplitude-phase discreteness, has an impact to calibration accuracy.
For solving the above-mentioned calibration problem existed in prior art, embodiment of the present invention array antenna also utilizes its blocker unit to calibrate further.Concrete, as shown in Figure 7, respective antenna a period of time signalization gathers link, this signals collecting link and the electrical connection of corresponding blocker unit, for gathering signal coupling in antenna element to the first inductive coupling electric current in described blocker unit, for the descending calibration of array antenna, and to described blocker unit output drive signal, pumping signal is made to be coupled to the second inductive coupling electric current of described antenna element generation for the up calibration of array antenna.
This scheme has made blocker unit on the basis reducing coupling effect, possess again the function realizing calibrating, thus reduces the cost of calibration.
By above-mentioned signals collecting link, can realize the up calibration of array antenna, namely when blocker unit is energized, measuring coupling is to the coupling current signals phase and magnitude in each antenna element, by comparing the coupling current signals collected, calculating, comprehensively, calibration is realized.
By the scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides, each blocker unit in array antenna is connected with signals collecting link, all blocker unit and signals collecting link composition calibration network, large degree reduces by this calibration network volume, therefore, while reducing costs, calibration accuracy have also been obtained raising.
Further, described signals collecting link can be special setting, for gathering a signals collecting link of described couple current, also can be the receiving-transmitting chain in respective antenna a period of time in aerial array.When signals collecting link adopts the receiving-transmitting chain in respective antenna a period of time in aerial array, compare the scheme that independent signalization gathers link, its cost will reduce further.
Also comprise descending calibration in calibration process, this descending calibration needs when the first antenna element and the second antenna element work, and measuring coupling is to the coupling current signals amplitude in blocker unit and phase place; When aerial array comprises more antenna element, the like, each antenna element successively work in aerial array, measures parasitic element respectively and is coupled and next couple current current signal amplitude and phase place.And all coupling current signals measured are compared, calculate, comprehensively, realize calibration.
In order to realize above-mentioned up calibration, following scheme can be adopted.
When antenna element is balancing antenna a period of time, with reference to Fig. 3, its first antenna element 301 and the second antenna element 302 are dipole or balancing antenna a period of time, in this case, blocker unit 303 are provided with a slit, for realizing the measurement of couple current.
Preferred further, the slit in blocker unit 303 is arranged in the middle part of blocker unit 303.
Further, the slit in described blocker unit is straight slit.In case of need, this slit also can be curvilinear slits.
Further, blocker unit 303 can comprise one, two or more measure-alike T-shaped conductive components, and wherein, the T-shaped bottom of two T-shaped conductive components is oppositely arranged, shorter distance of being separated by therebetween and form slit.
When antenna element is unbalanced antennas a period of time, with reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, between blocker unit 503 and antenna ground 504, be provided with a gap 505.This gap 505 produced by the spacing between blocker unit 503 and antenna ground 504, and signals collecting link measures the sensor current signal of the first antenna element 501 coupling generation by gap 505; And realize calibration by measurement result.
The shape that Fig. 6 also illustrates the left apparent direction of blocker unit 503 is T-shaped.This shape is blocker unit preferably a kind of design shape.
Further, blocker unit adopts the narrowband device relative to directional coupler, such as parasitic element.Thus improve calibration accuracy further.
As can be seen from above, the invention provides a kind of aerial array, comprise multiple antenna element, blocker unit is set between antenna element, effectively can reduces the degree of coupling between antenna element, reduce the spacing between extensive antenna element, reduce antenna area, improve power system capacity.In addition, the embodiment of the present invention sets up signals collecting link, can form calibration network in array antenna.This signals collecting link can adopt the receiving-transmitting chain in respective antenna a period of time, a device two purposes, is conducive to reducing cost.Further, the parasitic element that the blocker unit in the preferred embodiment of the present invention adopts, compared to the directional coupler in existing calibration network, belongs to narrowband device, thus its calibration accuracy is higher.In sum, array antenna provided by the invention, is conducive to the energy consumption reducing base station, and avoids the volume too increasing array antenna simultaneously.
Should be appreciated that multiple embodiments described by this specification are only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, are not intended to limit the present invention.And when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can combine mutually.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to the present invention and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if these amendments of the present invention and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (10)
1. an array antenna, comprises multiple antenna element, it is characterized in that, described array antenna also comprises:
At least one is arranged at the blocker unit between the first adjacent antenna element and the second antenna element, for utilizing the first induced current to produce the second induced current in described second antenna element, to offset the 3rd induced current in described second antenna element at least partly;
Described first induced current is the induced current produced after the signal code that described first antenna element is transmitted is coupled to described blocker unit, and described 3rd induced current is the induced current produced after the signal code that described first antenna element is transmitted is coupled to described second antenna element.
2. array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described second induced current is identical with the 3rd induced current size, and direction is contrary.
3. array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with described blocker unit between any two adjacent antenna element.
4. array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the length of described blocker unit is between 1 to one/4th wavelength.
5. array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises:
Corresponding to the signals collecting link that antenna element is arranged, be electrically connected with the blocker unit of correspondence, for gathering signal coupling in antenna element to the first inductive coupling electric current in described blocker unit, for the descending calibration of array antenna, and to described blocker unit output drive signal, make pumping signal be coupled to the second inductive coupling electric current of described antenna element generation for the up calibration of array antenna.
6. array antenna according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described signals collecting link is the receiving-transmitting chain of corresponding antenna element.
7. the array antenna according to claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that, described antenna element is unbalanced antennas a period of time, keeps at a certain distance away between described blocker unit and antenna ground.
8. the array antenna according to claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that, described antenna element is balancing antenna a period of time, described blocker unit is provided with a narrow slit structure.
9. array antenna according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described blocker unit is the narrowband device relative to directional coupler.
10. array antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described blocker unit works on the isolation frequency of the first antenna element and the second antenna element.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410134061.7A CN104979635B (en) | 2014-04-03 | 2014-04-03 | A kind of array antenna |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410134061.7A CN104979635B (en) | 2014-04-03 | 2014-04-03 | A kind of array antenna |
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| CN104979635B CN104979635B (en) | 2018-07-24 |
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| CN106571526A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2017-04-19 | 昆山睿翔讯通通信技术有限公司 | Decoupling method and decoupling network of MIMO antenna of mobile communication system terminal |
| CN107437655A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-12-05 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Dielectric base plate and antenna assembly |
| WO2018209577A1 (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna |
| CN111313155A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and communication apparatus |
| CN113517557A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-10-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Electronic equipment |
| WO2022051906A1 (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2022-03-17 | 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 | Decoupling element and antenna |
| WO2022142828A1 (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-07-07 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Electronic device |
| EP4167378A1 (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-19 | Sagemcom Broadband Sas | Insulated radio frequency antenna device |
| WO2023109556A1 (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and electronic device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106571526A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2017-04-19 | 昆山睿翔讯通通信技术有限公司 | Decoupling method and decoupling network of MIMO antenna of mobile communication system terminal |
| CN107437655A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-12-05 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Dielectric base plate and antenna assembly |
| WO2018209577A1 (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2018-11-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna |
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| CN111313155A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-06-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and communication apparatus |
| CN113517557A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-10-19 | 华为技术有限公司 | Electronic equipment |
| WO2022051906A1 (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2022-03-17 | 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 | Decoupling element and antenna |
| WO2022142828A1 (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-07-07 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Electronic device |
| EP4167378A1 (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-19 | Sagemcom Broadband Sas | Insulated radio frequency antenna device |
| WO2023109556A1 (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2023-06-22 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and electronic device |
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| CN104979635B (en) | 2018-07-24 |
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