CN104976016B - Low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine catches fire device and internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine catches fire device and internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN104976016B CN104976016B CN201510398688.8A CN201510398688A CN104976016B CN 104976016 B CN104976016 B CN 104976016B CN 201510398688 A CN201510398688 A CN 201510398688A CN 104976016 B CN104976016 B CN 104976016B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P23/00—Other ignition
- F02P23/04—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine to catch fire device, including: dielectric-slab, it is lamellar plate, arranges the bottom of combustion chambers of internal combustion engines；Induction electrode, it is lamellar plate, is arranged on the side of dielectric-slab；And sparking electrode, it is arranged on the opposite side of dielectric-slab, and sparking electrode electrically connects with high-voltage ignition coil.The invention also discloses a kind of internal combustion engine, including: cylinder；Catching fire device with, the low temperature plasma of any one, it is arranged in cylinder.The low temperature plasma of the present invention catches fire device creeping discharge, can realize gasoline engine rapid large-area to catch fire, combustion mixture deflagrate, energy-saving and emission-reduction, effectively elimination haze are polluted and are contributed, and automobile power is powerful, create advanced combustion technology novel energy-conserving emission reduction gasoline engine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plasma applicating technology field.It is more particularly related to one
Kind catch fire device for the low-temperature plasma of internal combustion engine, relate to a kind of internal combustion engine simultaneously.
Background technology
Along with gasoline engine gets more and more in world wide usage amount, energy security and environmental conservation are asked
Topic is increasingly subject to social concerns, and combustion engine energy-saving emission-reduction technology has realistic meaning, improves gasoline
Machine ignition system is to realize energy-saving and emission-reduction important research direction.Automobile-used four-stroke gasoline engine is
Piston move back and forth between upper and lower stop four strokes (be equivalent to bent axle rotate two weeks) complete into
Gas, compress, do work, one cycle of operation of aerofluxus.The burning of modern gasoline machine is close in compression
Top dead center position, applies high frequency breakdown voltage between sparking-plug electrode, combustion mixture is by spark plug
Light burning externally acting.At present, spark plug is that gasoline engine mainly catches fire device.For a long time
Improve and improve plug ignition performance study in the world never to stop, substantially spark plug point
Fire system be all the time a small amount of heat for catching fire, its efficiency of combustion is relatively low.Plasma is material
A kind of states of matter under high temperature or specific incentives, the change of material four state includes solid-state, liquid, gas
State and plasma state.Gasoline engine combustion process is a kind of thermal diffusion process, how to use gasoline
Machine burning Comprehensive Control Technology is also combined with plasma technique, to shorten burning time, to carry
Combustion system (the premix direct-injection that high thermal efficiency, exploration compression ignition are combined with spark-ignition engine advantage
Compressing ignition) new-typed gasoline engine is the direction that the present invention makes great efforts.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above, and offer at least will be described later
Advantage.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine to catch fire
Device, the present invention passes through induction electrode and dielectric-slab creeping discharge, it is possible to achieve gasoline engine is quick
Large area is caught fire, and shortens burning time, improves the thermal efficiency.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of internal combustion engine, and the internal combustion engine of the present invention includes
Can catch fire device with the low-temperature plasma of creeping discharge, it is possible to achieve gasoline engine rapid large-area
Fire, burning is more abundant, and power is more powerful.
In order to realize according to object of the present invention and further advantage, technical scheme
For:
A kind of low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine catches fire device, including:
Dielectric-slab, it is lamellar plate, arranges the bottom of combustion chambers of internal combustion engines；
Induction electrode, it is lamellar plate, is arranged on the side of described dielectric-slab；
Sparking electrode, it is arranged on the opposite side of described dielectric-slab；And,
Connecting electrode, its one end is connected with described sparking electrode, and the other end and high-pressure ignition wire
Circle just electrically connects.
Wherein, and the size of described dielectric-slab is more than the size of described sparking electrode.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine catches fire in device, is given an account of
Scutum and described induction electrode, have multiple through hole, the through hole of described dielectric-slab and described sensing
The through hole one_to_one corresponding of electrode.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine catches fire in device, is given an account of
Scutum is alumina ceramic material.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine catches fire in device, is given an account of
The width of scutum is 5～15mm, and the thickness of described dielectric-slab is 1.2～2mm.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine catches fire in device, described company
A diameter of the 1 of receiving electrode～2mm.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine catches fire device, also includes:
Connected nail, it is fixed on described dielectric-slab, and the radial direction along described connected nail offers passes through
Through hole, and a hole connected with described through hole is axially offered along it, described sparking electrode is worn
Crossing described through hole and be fixed on the top of described dielectric-slab, one end of described connection electrode passes institute
State hole to be connected with described sparking electrode, the other end of described connection electrode extend outside described hole with
It is connected with described high-voltage ignition coil.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine catches fire in device, described in put
Two lugs that the two ends of electricity electrode are arranged on described dielectric-slab the most respectively are fixed on institute
Give an account of the side of scutum.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine catches fire in device, described in put
Electricity electrode, described connection electrode and described induction electrode are tungsten electrode.
Preferably, the described low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine catches fire in device, described logical
A diameter of the 3 of hole～8mm.
A kind of internal combustion engine, including:
Cylinder；With,
Arbitrary described low temperature plasma catches fire device, and it is arranged in cylinder.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect:
It is indoor that assembly of the invention is arranged on petrol engine combustion, generating low temperature plasma
Fire, and alternation in flame combustion extinguishes, long with so far, generate low temperature plasma ring
Border temperature can be more slightly higher, but has no effect on mixed gas ionization；Compared with former spark plug, this dress
Put owing to high energy electron collision causes combustion mixture molecule to dissociate, excite and even ionize,
Form substantial amounts of active atomic, group, ion, cause oxidized chain reaction.In mixing
In fuel gas, feed-in low temperature plasma can generate a certain amount of O simultaneously3。O3It is a kind of
Strong oxidizer, adds trace O3Hydrocarbon fuel combustion characteristic can be improved, make delay of ignition
It is greatly shortened；Furthermore it is possible to quick excitation-decomposition O2, form a large amount of oxygen atom extremely strong quickly
Carbonoxide hydrogen molecule, promotes whole burning acceleration, large area creeping discharge luminescence to catch fire,
It is effectively improved ignition energy, cold starting performance and extension lean flammability limit.
Low temperature plasma catches fire device creeping discharge, it is possible to achieve gasoline engine rapid large-area
Fire, efficiently improves ignition energy, cold starting performance and the extension lean burn limit；Meanwhile,
More perfect at replacement matching and debugging and electrode sintering, this technology batch transformation can be applied to be used for
Automobile, pollutes contribute for energy-saving and emission-reduction, effectively elimination haze, create advanced combustion technology
Novel energy-conserving emission reduction gasoline engine.
It is demonstrated experimentally that the combustion mixture deflagrate of this device, be conducive to improving its dynamic property,
Reduce noxious gas emission.
Part is embodied by the further advantage of the present invention, target and feature by description below, portion
Divide also by by the research of the present invention and practice are understood by the person skilled in the art.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the plasma of the present invention catches fire the cross-sectional view of device.
Fig. 2 is that the plasma of the present invention catches fire the schematic top plan view of device.
Fig. 3 is that the plasma of the present invention catches fire the schematic side view of device.
Fig. 4 a is to be provided with the catch fire cylinder of device of low-temperature plasma to be in the state of intake stroke
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 b is to be provided with the catch fire cylinder of device of low-temperature plasma to be in the state of compression stroke
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 c is to be provided with the catch fire cylinder of device of low-temperature plasma to be in the state of expansion stroke
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 d is to be provided with the catch fire cylinder of device of low-temperature plasma to be in the state of exhaust stroke
Schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make people in the art
Member can implement according to this with reference to description word.
Should be appreciated that used herein such as " have ", " comprising " and " including " art
Other element one or more or the existence of a combination thereof or interpolation do not allotted in language.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 a～4d, the present invention provides a kind of for internal combustion
The low-temperature plasma of machine catches fire device 10, including:
Dielectric-slab 1, it is lamellar plate, arranges the bottom of combustion chambers of internal combustion engines 8；Dielectric-slab 1
Shape, it is appreciated that, it may be possible to circular, it may be possible to rectangle, square or other shapes.
Induction electrode 2, it is lamellar plate, is arranged on the side of described dielectric-slab 1, faradism
Pole 2 by the contact internal walls with cylinder 6 with ground connection；And
Sparking electrode 3, it is arranged on the opposite side of described dielectric-slab 1, described sparking electrode 3
Electrically connect with high-voltage ignition coil.When switching on power between sparking electrode 2 and induction electrode 2
Time, in combustor 8, producing plasma, luminescence of plasma discharges, and air mixture is burnt..
Connecting electrode 4, its one end is connected with described sparking electrode 3, and the other end and high pressure spot
Fire coil just electrically connects.
Wherein, and the size of described dielectric-slab 1 is more than the size of described sparking electrode 3.This
Sample, when being fixed on by dielectric-slab on the inwall of cylinder 6, sparking electrode will not touch cylinder 6
Inwall, to prevent its ground connection.
As preferably, described dielectric-slab 1 and described induction electrode 2, there is multiple through hole, institute
Give an account of the through hole of scutum 1 and the through hole one_to_one corresponding of described induction electrode 2.Setting of multiple through holes
Put and be more beneficial for the flowing of combustion gas in cylinder of internal combustion engine 6.
As preferably, described dielectric-slab 1 is alumina ceramic material.In the present invention wherein one
In individual embodiment, Al2O3Ceramic material system Al2O3Content ceramic material more than 96%.
As preferably, the width of described dielectric-slab 1 is 5～15mm, the thickness of described dielectric-slab 1
Degree is 1.2～2mm.Most preferably, the width of dielectric-slab 1 is 10mm, and thickness is 1.6mm,
The dielectric-slab of this specification can maintain good performance, can guarantee that again its stability, be difficult to
The direction bending at cylinder 6 top.
As preferably, a diameter of the 1～2mm of described connection electrode 4.Most preferably, this connects
A diameter of 1.5mm of receiving electrode 4.
As preferably, also include:
Connected nail 5, it is fixed on described dielectric-slab 1, and the radial direction along described connected nail 5 is opened
It is provided with through hole, and axially offers the hole connected with described through hole along it, described electric discharge electricity
Pole 3 is fixed on the top of described dielectric-slab 1 through described through hole, described connection electrode 4
One end is connected through described hole with described sparking electrode 3, and the other end of described connection electrode 4 prolongs
Stretch out outside described hole to be connected with described high-voltage ignition coil.
As preferably, the two ends of described sparking electrode 3 are arranged on described dielectric-slab 1 respectively
Two lugs be fixed on the side of described dielectric-slab 1.So, the position of sparking electrode 3 is more
Add firm.
As preferably, described sparking electrode 3, described connection electrode 4 and described induction electrode 2
It is tungsten electrode.
As preferably, a diameter of the 3 of described through hole～8mm.
The present invention also provides for a kind of internal combustion engine, including:
Cylinder 6；With,
Low temperature plasma as described in arbitrary catches fire device 10, and it is arranged in cylinder 6.
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 a～4b
Shown in, sparking electrode 3 uses tungsten electrode, for the bar of a diameter of 1.5mm × 66mm.
Dielectric-slab 1 uses potsherd, induction electrode 2 to refer to tungsten-molybdenum alloy sheet below potsherd, is 88
×10×(0.6)mm.Connect 4 sparking electrodes of electrode and high-tension electricity interconnection function, and have one
Surely catch fire device work surface supporting role.Induction electrode 2 ground connection.
The construction features of creeping discharge dielectric-slab: electrode is arranged in the both sides of dielectric-slab 1,
Front is sparking electrode 3 (generally wire), and the back side is induction electrode 2 (usually tabular), and
Ground connection.When two inter-electrode voltages are more than certain marginal value, and during with high frequency sinusoidal alternating current operation,
Corona discharge is carried out on limited surface near sparking electrode 3.At this moment, sinusoidal at high-frequency and high-voltage
Under alternating current effect, near sparking electrode 3, surface is constantly captured and launches electric charge.Work as electricity
When pressure reaches positive half cycle Critical corona voltage Uth, starting electric discharge, positive charge gathers to discharge electrode attached
Near dielectric surface (i.e. dielectric-slab surface), i.e. electronics is accelerated to very high-energy from media table
Face is transferred to sparking electrode.Continuing along with voltage raises electric discharge, more positive charge is bound in
Dielectric surface, this process is continued until that crest voltage U0 discharge process stops, media table
Face positive charge does not disappear.When voltage begins to decline, dielectric surface positive charge is the most motionless, puts
Electricity does not occur, and is continued for dropping to negative half period Critical corona voltage-Uth, and at this moment electric discharge starts,
Dielectric surface positive charge leaves, and negative charge accumulates in surface, i.e. electronics is accelerated to very high-energy
Being transferred to dielectric surface from sparking electrode, this process lasts till negative half period crest voltage-Up,
Discharge process stops.
When voltage is increased again to positive half cycle Critical corona voltage Uth, positive corona discharge is opened again
Beginning, whole discharge process is that the most therefore, creeping discharge process is exactly media table
The state of electrostatic equilibrium in face is repeatedly set up and destroys, repeatedly puncturing and dielectric surface of surface gas
On the process of the charge and discharge charges of different polarity repeatedly.
Facts have proved: discharge energy increases with Upp and increases, when Upp is 6～8kV,
Discharge illuminating a length of 2.5～3.4mm.
Ignition Coils of Gasoline Engines is air and fuel oil mixture offer point in ignition engine cylinder 6
The execution unit of fire energy.Its principle based on electromagnetic induction, by being turned off and on ignition lead
The primary return of circle, the electric current increase in primary return reduces the most suddenly, so in secondary
Generation will be sensed and light the high voltage needed for spark plug.Ignition coil may be considered a kind of special
Different pulse transformer, the low voltage transition of 10-12V is become 25000V or higher electricity by it
Pressure.
Modern gasoline machine igniting high frequency supply voltage is 20-30kV, and low temperature plasma catches fire
Device 10 discharge energy requires to be 6-8kV, is the ignition coil utilizing former gasoline engine, passes through
Change ignition coil (i.e. adjust primary and secondary contrast and pound number) and realize discharge energy requirement.
Low temperature plasma catches fire device 10 structure: the bottom is induction electrode 2, and intermediate layer is
One piece of ceramic wafer is as dielectric-slab 1, on whole catch fire device dielectric-slab 1 and induction electrode 2 altogether
Offering the hole of 7 a diameter of 6mm, wherein interstitial hole is equipped with connected nail 5, as it is shown in figure 1,
In one of them embodiment of the present invention, connected nail 5 axially arranged has a diameter along it
1.5mm hole, connects electrode 4 and is inserted in this hole；Connected nail 5 also radially is provided with a hole, puts
Electricity electrode 3 is through this hole, it addition, each arrange one on the dielectric-slab of sparking electrode 3 two ends
Lug 7 with holes, sparking electrode 3 is fixed on dielectric-slab.
Electrode all (high temperature resistant) is exposed in combustor 8.
On plasma catches fire device dielectric-slab 1 and induction electrode 2, open multiple hole be easy to mixing combustion
Flow of air.
This device cutting of catching fire directly bears against after agreeing with and uses between cylinder body.
Al2O3Ceramic wafer system Al2O3Content ceramic material more than 96%, sintering temperature up to
1600-1900℃。
As shown in Fig. 4 a～4d, it is shown that the operation principle of four reciprocating piston electromotors, the present invention's
Internal combustion engine adopts modern four-stroke gasoline engine ignition system, wherein in Fig. 4 a, piston 9
Move downward, exhaust close, air inlet open, in Fig. 4 b, piston upwards, row
QI KOU and air inlet are turned off, and are in compression stroke, and in Fig. 4 c, low-temperature plasma catches fire
Device completes igniting, for expansion stroke, in Fig. 4 d, Exhaust Open, and inlet close,
For exhaust process.The present invention only with low temperature plasma catch fire device 10 substitute spark plug work,
Piston 9 moves back and forth four strokes (being equivalent to bent axle rotate two weeks) between upper and lower stop and completes
Air inlet, compress, do work, one cycle of operation of aerofluxus, coupling power supply, adjust ignition timing,
Apply high frequency breakdown voltage, burning be carry out catching fire close to top dead center position in compression, burn right
Outer acting.Sparking electrode links with high-voltage line, induction electrode ground connection, as shown in Figure 1.This dress
Put that to be arranged on petrol engine combustion indoor, catch fire generating low temperature plasma, and at flame combustion
Alternation in extinguishing, long with so far, generating low temperature plasma ambient temperature can be more slightly higher,
But have no effect on mixed gas ionization；Compared with former spark plug, this device touches due to high energy electron
Hit and cause combustion mixture molecule to dissociate, excite and even ionize, form substantial amounts of activity former
Son, group, ion, cause oxidized chain reaction.In mixed combustible gas body, feed-in is low
Isothermal plasma can generate a certain amount of O simultaneously3。O3It is a kind of strong oxidizer, adds in a subtle way
Amount O3Hydrocarbon fuel combustion characteristic can be improved, make delay of ignition be greatly shortened；It addition,
Can quick excitation-decomposition O2, form a large amount of oxygen atom extremely strong Quick Oxidation hydrocarbon molecules, promote
Make whole burning acceleration, large area creeping discharge luminescence catch fire, be effectively improved ignition energy,
Cold starting performance and extension lean flammability limit.
Low temperature plasma catches fire device 10 creeping discharge, it is possible to achieve the biggest face of gasoline engine
Amass and catch fire, efficiently improve ignition energy, cold starting performance and the extension lean burn limit；With this
Meanwhile, replace matching and debugging and electrode sintering, install more perfect, this technology can be applied
Batch transformation, for automobile, is polluted contribute for energy-saving and emission-reduction, effectively elimination haze.Create
Advanced combustion technology novel energy-conserving emission reduction gasoline engine.
It is demonstrated experimentally that the combustion mixture deflagrate of this device, be conducive to improving its dynamic property,
Reduce noxious gas emission.
Number of devices described herein and treatment scale are used to the explanation of the simplification present invention.Right
The application of electrode of the present invention, modifications and variations are apparent to one skilled in the art
's.
As it has been described above, according to the present invention, owing to being provided with flake porous sparking electrode and medium
Plate, therefore having can the effect of creeping discharge.
Although embodiment of the present invention are disclosed as above, but its be not restricted to description and
Using listed by embodiment, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely,
For those skilled in the art, it is easily achieved other amendment, is not therefore carrying on the back
Under the general concept that claim and equivalency range are limited, the present invention is not limited to specifically
Details and shown here as with describe legend.
Claims (10)
1. the low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine catches fire device, it is characterised in that including:
Dielectric-slab, it is lamellar plate, arranges the bottom of combustion chambers of internal combustion engines；
Induction electrode, it is lamellar plate, is arranged on the side of described dielectric-slab；
Sparking electrode, it is arranged on the opposite side of described dielectric-slab；And,
Connecting electrode, its one end is connected with described sparking electrode, and the other end is connected with high-voltage ignition coil；
Wherein, and the size of described dielectric-slab is more than the size of described sparking electrode.
2. the low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 catches fire device, it is characterised in that
Described dielectric-slab and described induction electrode, have multiple through hole, the through hole of described dielectric-slab and described induction electrode
Through hole one_to_one corresponding.
3. the low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 catches fire device, it is characterised in that
Described dielectric-slab is alumina ceramic material.
4. the low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 catches fire device, it is characterised in that
The width of described dielectric-slab is 5～15mm, and the thickness of described dielectric-slab is 1.2～2mm.
5. the low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 catches fire device, it is characterised in that
A diameter of the 1～2mm of described connection electrode.
6. the low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 catches fire device, it is characterised in that
Also include:
Connected nail, it is fixed on described dielectric-slab, and the radial direction along described connected nail offers through hole, and edge
It axially offers a hole connected with described through hole, and described sparking electrode is fixed on institute through described through hole
Giving an account of the top of scutum, one end of described connection electrode is connected through described hole with described sparking electrode, described company
The other end of receiving electrode extends outside described hole to be connected with described high-voltage ignition coil.
7. the low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 catches fire device, it is characterised in that
Two lugs that the two ends of described sparking electrode are arranged on described dielectric-slab the most respectively are fixed on to be given an account of
The side of scutum.
8. the low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 catches fire device, it is characterised in that
Described sparking electrode, described connection electrode and described induction electrode are tungsten electrode.
9. the low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 2 catches fire device, it is characterised in that
A diameter of the 3 of described through hole～8mm.
10. an internal combustion engine, it is characterised in that including:
Cylinder；With,
The low-temperature plasma for internal combustion engine as described in claim 1 to 9 is arbitrary catches fire device, and it is arranged on
In cylinder.
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| CN108104945B (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2021-05-04 | 大连民族大学 | Two-stroke internal combustion engine electrode assembly |
| CN109404198A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2019-03-01 | 大连民族大学 | A kind of plasma generator |
| CN110049611A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-07-23 | 山东师范大学 | A kind of micropore bipolar electrode plasmaassisted head-on collision diffusion combustion burner |
| CN112377322B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-10-22 | 北京礴德恒激光科技有限公司 | Piston discharge structure for plasma cloud excitation homogeneous uniform combustion engine |
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| DE102004058925A1 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2006-06-08 | Siemens Ag | High-frequency plasma ignition device for internal combustion engines, in particular for directly injecting gasoline engines |
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