CN104967469A - Large-scale MIMO transmission method based on ratioless encoding - Google Patents
Large-scale MIMO transmission method based on ratioless encoding Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-scale MIMO transmission method, especially relates to a large-scale MIMO transmission method based on ratioless encoding, and belongs to the field of wireless communication. A base station side is equipped with large-scale array antennas, a base station carries out wireless communication with multiple users over the same time frequency, the communication employs a TDD mode, and a communication process comprises uplink channel detection and pilot frequency scheduling, uplink channel training, downlink ratioless encoding and downlink precoding data transmission. According to the invention, the method, by use of ratiolessness of the ratioless encoding, is adaptively to the channel state of each link and approaches a Shannon Limit; and apart from correlation time, the method, by use of a decoding principle of the ratioless encoding, can realize successful decoding simply by receiving a certain quantity of correct encoding data packets at a receiving end. Compared to a conventional feedback retransmission method, the method improves the frequency spectrum efficiency and the power efficiency of a system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) radio communication using multiple antennas, particularly relate to a kind of extensive MIMO transmission method based on rateless codes, belong to wireless communication field.
Background technology
Along with the popularization and application of intelligent mobile terminal and the development of mobile new business demand, mobile communication transmission rate requirement exponentially increases.For meeting future mobile communications application demand, needing degree of depth digging utilization spacing wireless resource, significantly promoting the availability of frequency spectrum and the power utilization of radio communication.Adopt multiple-input and multiple-output (Multiple input multiple output, the MIMO) technology that multiple antennas sends and multiple antennas receives, under the condition not increasing extra bandwidth and power consumption, the availability of frequency spectrum of wireless communication system can be significantly improved.But traditional MIMO technology is by antenna number quantitative limitation (such as, in the LTE-A standard of 3GPP, configurable at most 8 antennas in base station), and frequency spectrum and power efficiency are still lower.Large-scale antenna array (more than tens of) is equipped with in base station side, with degree of depth digging utilization Spatial Dimension resource, one of development trend becoming future wireless system.
2006, the Marzetta of Bell Laboratory etc. first proposed and configure extensive antenna in base station side and replace existing multiple antennas, the single antenna mobile terminal number that antenna for base station number can be served much larger than it simultaneously, i.e. extensive MIMO(Massive MIMO) technology.2010, under the research such as Marzetta shows TDD pattern, extensive MIMO technology effectively can suppress presence of intercell interference.Along with going deep into of research, extensive MIMO technology also has serves the advantage such as more users, more high data rate and lower power consumption on same running time-frequency resource simultaneously.
In extensive mimo system, along with the increase of antenna for base station number, base station needs accurately to obtain current channel condition information, to ensure the reliability of system communication.Under tdd mode, in correlation time, because uplink and downlink channel condition information has reciprocity, can by carrying out channel condition information estimation at uplink channel transmission training sequence assistant base station.If speed of mobile terminal is very fast, Doppler frequency shift is comparatively large, and uplink and downlink transfer of data does not meet correlation requirement, and this channel estimation methods has certain limitation.If the channel condition information that base station obtains is inaccurate, the channel coding method of traditional cbr (constant bit rate) can not be adaptive to the channel status of every bar link, and the robustness of each user will can not be guaranteed.
Therefore, in tdd mode, traditional extensive MIMO transmission method has some limitations.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of extensive MIMO transmission method based on rateless codes, the channel status of every bar link can be adaptive to, improve spectrum efficiency and power efficiency.The basic characteristics of the method are, 1) and utilize the code check of rateless codes without forthright, the Link State of each user can be adaptive to, approach shannon limit; 2) different user communicated in same resource, if collide, does not need repeat request, according to the decoding principle of rateless codes, only the coded data packet of mistake need be abandoned.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention: a kind of extensive MIMO transmission method based on rateless codes, is characterized in that:
Base station side is equipped with large scale array antenna, radio communication is carried out with multiple user in base station on same running time-frequency resource, communication adopts TDD mode, and communication process comprises ascending channel detecting and pilot tone scheduling, up channel training, descending rateless codes, downlink precoding transfer of data;
At ascending channel detecting and pilot tone scheduling phase, each user sends uplink detection signal on different running time-frequency resources, and base station obtains the statistic channel information of each user according to the detectable signal received; Base station side utilizes statistic channel information, carries out pilot resources scheduling, determines the pilot signal that each user uses;
In the up channel training stage, each user periodically sends uplink pilot signal assigned separately on same running time-frequency resource, and the channel estimating of each user is carried out according to the pilot signal received in base station;
At descending rateless codes data transfer phase, rateless codes is implemented in base station, and same running time-frequency resource sends rateless codes packet to each user simultaneously;
At downlink precoding data transfer phase, base station utilizes uplink channel estimation value, rateless codes packet is implemented precoding, same running time-frequency resource sends data-signal to each user simultaneously, and each user carries out reception process respectively.
In described extensive mimo wireless communication system, base station side aerial array comprises the antenna element of more than dozens of, and the spacing between each antenna element is directly proportional to the wavelength of carrier wave, and meets independence; Such as when each antenna adopts omnidirectional antenna, the spacing between each antenna is 1/2 wavelength; The up-downgoing of communication adopts TDD mode, and communication process comprises ascending channel detecting and pilot tone scheduling, up channel training, descending rateless codes, downlink precoding transfer of data.
Described statistic channel information obtains and is completed by the channel detection process of up link; Each user periodically sends uplink detection signal, and the detectable signal that each user sends is mutually orthogonal; Base station, according to the uplink detection signal received, utilizes sample to strengthen averaging method, estimates the statistic channel information of each user.
Described pilot tone scheduling completes at the statistic channel information of base station side according to each user, base station is according to certain criterion, and such as mean square error sum minimum criteria, dispatches the user in community and patterns available resource, determine pilot frequency multiplexing pattern, i.e. the pilot signal of each user's use.
In the up channel training stage, each dispatched users sends pilot signal assigned separately on given running time-frequency resource; Base station utilizes the statistical information of uplink pilot signal and each subscriber channel received, and realizes the channel estimating of each dispatched users, obtains channel estimation value.
In the downlink data transmission stage, base station utilizes the channel-estimation information of each dispatched users to implement rateless codes and precoding transmissions, and given running time-frequency resource sends data-signal to each dispatched users simultaneously; Precoding transmissions can adopt average minimum mean square error criterion.
If meet temporal correlation, up-downgoing channel has reciprocity, and desirable precoding transmissions can avoid inter-user interference.But base station is different to the channel status of each user, the channel coding method of traditional cbr (constant bit rate), only when code check is very low, the service quality of each user of guarantee.The code check of rateless codes has without forthright, can be adaptive to the channel status of every bar link, improves spectrum efficiency and power efficiency;
If do not meet temporal correlation, up-downgoing channel does not possess reciprocity, and the undesirable downlink data transmission that causes of method for precoding produces inter-user interference.According to the decoding principle of rateless codes, as long as each user side receives the correct coding packet of some, decoding success can be realized.Based on the extensive MIMO transmission method of rateless codes, only the coded data packet of mistake need be abandoned.Compare and traditional feedback retransmission method, improve spectrum efficiency and the power efficiency of system.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, in correlation time, uplink and downlink link has reciprocity, and base station, according to the statistic channel information of each user of up link, is dispatched pilot resources, while guarantee channel estimating performance, reduces pilot-frequency expense.
2, in correlation time, rateless codes is implemented in base station, utilizes the code check of rateless codes without forthright, is adaptive to the channel status of each user, approaches shannon limit, improves spectrum efficiency and the power efficiency of system.
3, outside correlation time, precoding is carried out according to the channel status of up link in base station, and will cause inter-user interference, namely in communication process, coded data packet collides.Now, the coded data packet of mistake only need abandon by user side, and according to the decoding principle of rateless codes, user side only need receive the correct coded data packet of some, can realize decoding success; Compared with traditional feedback retransmission method, improve spectrum efficiency and the power efficiency of system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is base station side large-scale antenna array configuration schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the extensive MIMO transmission method schematic diagram that the present invention is based on rateless codes.
Fig. 3 is rateless codes method schematic diagram in the present invention.
Embodiment
Based on an extensive MIMO transmission method for rateless codes, it is characterized in that:
A. base station side is equipped with large scale array antenna, radio communication is carried out with multiple user in base station on same running time-frequency resource, communication adopts TDD mode, and communication process comprises ascending channel detecting and pilot tone scheduling, up channel training, descending rateless codes, downlink precoding transfer of data;
B. at ascending channel detecting and pilot tone scheduling phase, each user sends uplink detection signal on different running time-frequency resources, and base station obtains the statistic channel information of each user according to the detectable signal received; Base station side utilizes statistic channel information, carries out pilot resources scheduling, determines the pilot signal that each user uses;
C. in the up channel training stage, each user periodically sends uplink pilot signal assigned separately on same running time-frequency resource, and the channel estimating of each user is carried out according to the pilot signal received in base station;
D. at descending rateless codes data transfer phase, rateless codes is implemented in base station, and same running time-frequency resource sends rateless codes packet to each user simultaneously;
E. at downlink precoding data transfer phase, base station utilizes uplink channel estimation value, rateless codes packet is implemented precoding, same running time-frequency resource sends data-signal to each user simultaneously, and each user carries out reception process respectively.
In described extensive mimo wireless communication system, base station side aerial array comprises the antenna element of more than dozens of, and the spacing between each antenna element is directly proportional to the wavelength of carrier wave, and meets independence; Such as when each antenna adopts omnidirectional antenna, the spacing between each antenna is 1/2 wavelength; The up-downgoing of communication adopts TDD mode, and communication process comprises ascending channel detecting and pilot tone scheduling, up channel training, descending rateless codes, downlink precoding transfer of data.
Described statistic channel information obtains and is completed by the channel detection process of up link; Each user periodically sends uplink detection signal, and the detectable signal that each user sends is mutually orthogonal; Base station, according to the uplink detection signal received, utilizes sample to strengthen averaging method, estimates the statistic channel information of each user.
Described pilot tone scheduling completes at the statistic channel information of base station side according to each user, base station is according to certain criterion, and such as mean square error sum minimum criteria, dispatches the user in community and patterns available resource, determine pilot frequency multiplexing pattern, i.e. the pilot signal of each user's use.
In the up channel training stage, each dispatched users sends pilot signal assigned separately on given running time-frequency resource; Base station utilizes the statistical information of uplink pilot signal and each subscriber channel received, and realizes the channel estimating of each dispatched users, obtains channel estimation value.
In the downlink data transmission stage, base station utilizes the channel-estimation information of each dispatched users to implement rateless codes and precoding transmissions, and given running time-frequency resource sends data-signal to each dispatched users simultaneously; Precoding transmissions can adopt average minimum mean square error criterion.
If meet temporal correlation, up-downgoing channel has reciprocity, and desirable precoding transmissions can avoid inter-user interference.But base station is different to the channel status of each user, the channel coding method of traditional cbr (constant bit rate), only when code check is very low, the service quality of each user of guarantee.The code check of rateless codes has without forthright, can be adaptive to the channel status of every bar link, improves spectrum efficiency and power efficiency;
If do not meet temporal correlation, up-downgoing channel does not possess reciprocity, and the undesirable downlink data transmission that causes of method for precoding produces inter-user interference.According to the decoding principle of rateless codes, as long as each user side receives the correct coding packet of some, decoding success can be realized.Based on the extensive MIMO transmission method of rateless codes, only the coded data packet of mistake need be abandoned.Compare and traditional feedback retransmission method, improve spectrum efficiency and the power efficiency of system.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the structure of a kind of extensive MIMO transmission method based on rateless codes of the present invention, system constructing and communication means principle are described in detail.
1, system configuration, signal transmission frame structure and communication process
Fig. 1 is base station side large-scale antenna array configuration schematic diagram, considers the situation of single cell base station in figure, and base station side configuration packet is containing the aerial array of the above antenna element of dozens of, and large-scale antenna array can adopt the structures such as linear array.Each antenna element can adopt omnidirectional antenna or fan antenna, and when each antenna element adopts omnidirectional antenna, the spacing between each antenna can be configured to 1/2 wavelength.Each antenna element can adopt single polarization or multi-polarization antenna.
In this embodiment, consider TDD transmission means, and the antenna number of setting base station side to be equipped with is as M, number of users is L, and each user is equipped with single antenna.
Fig. 2 is the extensive MIMO transmission signal frame structure schematic diagram based on rateless codes, wherein send to the uplink transmission signals of base station to comprise uplink detection signal, uplink pilot signal by user, send to the down link of user to comprise the data-signal after rateless codes data and precoding by base station.The transmission cycle of uplink detection signal, namely between adjacent twice uplink detection signal, up link repeatedly sent uplink pilot signal much larger than uplink pilot signal.
Extensive MIMO transmission method based on above-mentioned frame structure comprises following four-stage:
1) ascending channel detecting and pilot tone scheduling: each user sends uplink detection signal off and on, the statistic channel information of each user is estimated according to the detectable signal received in base station, and utilize the statistic channel information of each user to implement pilot tone scheduling, for each user distributes the uplink pilot signal used.
2) up channel training: each dispatched users sends the uplink pilot signal of distributing, and base station side utilizes the pilot signal received, and obtains the channel parameter estimation of each dispatched users.
3) descending rateless codes: rateless codes is carried out to each user in base station, because its code check is without forthright, can be adaptive to the channel status of every bar link, approaches shannon limit.
4) downlink precoding transfer of data: base station utilizes uplink channel status, calculate to the pre-coding matrix needed for each subscriber signal transmission data, generate descending transmission signal thus, sent to each user by base station simultaneously, each user carries out reception process according to the signal received, and obtains descending transmission data.If Doppler frequency shift meets correlation requirement, up-downgoing channel has reciprocity, and precoding can avoid inter-user interference; If outside correlation time, downlink transmission will produce inter-user interference, now, the coded data packet producing mistake that collides only need abandon by each user side, according to the decoding principle of rateless codes, each user side only need receive the correct coding packet of some, can realize decoding success.
2, statistic channel information obtains
The acquisition of each user's statistic channel information is completed by ascending channel detecting process.In up link, each user sends detectable signal off and on, mutually orthogonal between the detectable signal of each user.
3, pilot frequency multiplexing and channel estimating between user
For reducing the pilot-frequency expense of extensive mimo wireless communication system, utilize the spatial domain local feature of each subscriber channel, between different user separated by a distance, multiplexing identical pilot tone, carries out ascending pilot channel parameter Estimation.In the up channel training stage, each dispatched users sends pilot signal assigned separately, the pilot tone that the different user of being separated by a segment distance uses does not require completely orthogonal, can multiplexing identical pilot tone between different user, base station processes the pilot signal received, and realizes the least mean-square error channel estimating of each dispatched users.
4, descending ratioless coding and decoding
The present invention adopts rateless codes method, and its concrete steps are as follows:
Step one, structure data to be encoded frame
The Frame to be sent of structure K information source packet, designs each information source data handbag containing N number of binary character, regulation (a
0, a
1... a
n-1), (b
1, b
2... b
n-1) ..., (f
0, f
1..., f
n-1) form a Frame to be sent;
Wherein K and N is positive integer;
Step 2, Frame to be sent is carried out rateless codes
Frame (a to be sent of K information source packet will be comprised
0, a
1... a
n-1), (b
1, b
2... b
n-1) ..., (f
0, f
1..., f
n-1) be re-ordered into packet (a
0, b
0... f
0), (a
1, b
1... f
1) ..., (a
n-1, b
n-1..., f
n-1) after carry out rateless codes, as by sequence after i-th packet (a
i, b
i..., f
i) after rateless codes, generate semo-infinite coded data packet (A
i, B
i..., F
i...), i=0,1 ... N-1; Rateless codes packet (A is by row output
0, A
1..., A
n-1), (B
0, B
1..., B
n-1) ... (F
0, F
1..., F
n-1) ...
Wherein, rateless codes method comprises fountain codes, and the irregular of expansion repeats accumulation (eIRA) code etc.
Step 3, output rateless codes packet
By the rateless codes packet (A generated in step 2
0, A
1..., A
n-1), (B
0, B
1..., B
n-1) ... (F
0, F
1..., F
n-1) ... output in channel after adding appropriate check bit (according to user's request);
Step 4, in correlation time, decoding process
If Doppler frequency shift meets correlation requirement, in system, up-downgoing channel has reciprocity, and desirable precoding can avoid inter-user interference.But in down link, base station is different to the channel status of each user side, and the code check of rateless codes has without forthright, can be adaptive to the channel status of every bar link.
After the rateless codes packet received carries out detecting and verify by each user side, obtain correct rateless codes packet; According to rateless codes decoding principle, when the number that receiving terminal receives correct rateless codes packet is equal to or greater than information source packet K, just can recovers information source packet, realize Successful transmissions.
Step 5, outside correlation time, the process of inter-user interference
Outside correlation time, uplink downlink does not possess reciprocity, precoding undesirable, causes inter-user interference.Now, base station only need export rateless codes packet continuously, does not need the Processing Algorithm of other complexity;
After the rateless codes packet received carries out detecting and verify by each user side, obtain correct rateless codes packet.According to rateless codes decoding principle, when the number that each user side receives correct rateless codes packet is equal to or greater than information source packet K, just information source packet can be recovered.
5, downlink precoding transfer of data
In the downlink data transmission stage, base station utilizes the channel estimation value of each dispatched users obtained, and rateless codes packet is implemented pre-code data transmission, avoids each inter-user interference.Downlink precoding can adopt average minimum mean square error criterion.
6, pilot tone scheduling and dynamic conditioning
Pilot tone scheduling is implemented in base station side, and base station utilizes the statistic channel information of each user obtained, and according to certain criterion, dispatches pilot resources, determines the pilot signal that each user uses.
In each user's moving process, along with the change of statistical property during channel between base station and each user long, pilot tone scheduling is dynamically implemented in base station, upgrades pilot frequency multiplexing pattern, and and then implements the aforesaid extensive MIMO transmission process based on rateless codes.Time long, the change of statistical property is relevant with concrete application scenarios, and its typical statistic time window is several times or the decades of times of transmission time window in short-term, and the acquisition of relevant channel statistical information is also carried out on larger time width.
In the embodiment that the application provides, should be understood that, disclosed method, not exceeding in the spirit and scope of the application, can realize in other way.Current embodiment is a kind of exemplary example, should as restriction, and given particular content should in no way limit the object of the application.Such as, multiple unit or assembly can in conjunction with or another system can be integrated into, or some features can be ignored, or do not perform.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; change can be expected easily or replace, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of described claim.
Claims (5)
1., based on an extensive MIMO transmission method for rateless codes, it is characterized in that:
Base station side is equipped with large scale array antenna, and radio communication is carried out with multiple user in base station on same running time-frequency resource, and the up-downgoing of communication adopts TDD mode;
Under TDD mode, communication process comprises ascending channel detecting and pilot tone scheduling, up channel training, descending rateless codes, downlink precoding transfer of data;
At ascending channel detecting and pilot tone scheduling phase, each user sends uplink detection signal on different running time-frequency resources, and base station obtains the statistic channel information of each user according to the detectable signal received; Base station utilizes statistic channel information, carries out pilot resources scheduling, determines the pilot signal that each user uses;
In the up channel training stage, each user periodically sends pilot signal assigned separately on same running time-frequency resource, and the channel estimating of each user is carried out according to the pilot signal received in base station;
At descending rateless codes data transfer phase, rateless codes is implemented in base station, and same running time-frequency resource sends rateless codes packet to each user simultaneously;
At downlink precoding data transfer phase, base station utilizes channel estimation value, rateless codes packet is implemented precoding, same running time-frequency resource sends data-signal to each user simultaneously, and each user carries out reception process respectively.
2. the extensive MIMO transmission method based on rateless codes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described detectable signal is mutually orthogonal, under TDD mode, base station is according to receiving detectable signal, utilize sample to strengthen averaging method, estimate the statistic channel information of each user.
3. the extensive MIMO transmission method based on rateless codes according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pilot resources scheduling completes at the statistic channel information of base station side according to each user; Base station is according to certain criterion, such as Data Detection Averaged Square Error of Multivariate sum minimum criteria, dispatches the user in community and patterns available resource, determines pilot frequency multiplexing pattern, the i.e. pilot signal of each user's use, pilot tone scheduling is completed by exhaustive or greedy algorithm.
4. the extensive MIMO transmission method based on rateless codes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: if Doppler frequency shift meets correlation requirement, up-downgoing channel has reciprocity, rateless codes packet is carried out precoding according to uplink channel status information by base station, avoids inter-user interference; But base station is different to the channel status of each user; Traditional channel coding method, its code check is fixing, only when coding rate is very low, the service quality of each user of guarantee; And rateless codes has code check without forthright, the channel status of every bar link can be adaptive to, improve spectrum efficiency and the power efficiency of wireless communication system.
5. the extensive MIMO transmission method based on rateless codes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: if Doppler frequency shift does not meet correlation requirement, outside correlation time scope, precoding is carried out according to uplink channel status information in base station, to inter-user interference be caused, namely collide; Now, the coded data packet of mistake only need abandon by user side, according to the decoding principle of rateless codes, as long as receiving terminal receives the correct coding packet of some, can realize decoding success; Rateless codes transmission method, compares and traditional feedback retransmission method, can provide system spectral efficiency and power efficiency.
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| CN109687897A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-04-26 | 西华大学 | Superposition CSI feedback method based on the extensive mimo system of deep learning |
| WO2022042623A1 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-03 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Indication scheme for rateless codes transmissions without feedback information |
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Application publication date: 20151007 |