CN104964712A - Overhead transmission line tension unwrapping wire intelligent monitoring communication system - Google Patents
Overhead transmission line tension unwrapping wire intelligent monitoring communication system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明的一种架空输电线路张力放线智能监测通信系统，在各滑车和走板上安装有各类传感器以及数传电台。以相邻的几个杆塔作为一个局部区域，局部区域中的滑车之间以星型网络组网的方式实现通信，所有局部区域之间以总线拓扑网络的方式实现通信。智能走板在任何一个局部区域中的监测信息均可以多跳中继接力方式来传送到中心基站，中心基站根据接收到的各个传感器的检测数据，计算出走板在放线区段内所处的位置、高度、速度、姿态、子导线受力和放线滑车所受荷载等张力放线数据，实现架空输电线路张力放线系统的智能监测。
An intelligent monitoring and communication system for tension pay-off of an overhead transmission line according to the present invention is equipped with various sensors and digital transmission stations on each trolley and running board. Taking several adjacent towers as a local area, the tackles in the local area communicate in a star network, and all local areas communicate in a bus topology network. The monitoring information of the intelligent walking board in any local area can be transmitted to the central base station in the form of multi-hop relay relay. The central base station calculates the position of the moving board in the pay-off section according to the detection data received from each sensor. Tension pay-off data such as position, height, speed, attitude, force on sub-conductors and load on pay-off pulley realizes intelligent monitoring of tension pay-off system for overhead transmission lines.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种架空输电线路张力放线智能监测通信系统。The invention relates to an intelligent monitoring and communication system for tension pay-off of an overhead transmission line.
背景技术Background technique
从架空输电线路放线施工的方法来看，主要可分为“非张力放线”施工和“张力放线”施工两种方法。其中“非张力放线”又可分为：人力放线和机械牵引放线两类，其主要特点是在放线施工过程中，导、地线始终处于相对松弛的状态，这就不可避免的存在着导、地线落地磨损的情况。而“张力放线”则是通过张牵设备(主要为张力机和牵引机))对被展放的导、地线施加相对恒定的张力，使之在展放过程中始终处于悬空状态，从而避免了导、地线与地面及被跨越物的直接接触，防止导、地线磨损。From the point of view of the method of setting out the overhead transmission line, it can be mainly divided into two methods: "non-tension setting out" construction and "tension setting out" construction. Among them, "non-tension pay-off" can be divided into two types: manual pay-off and mechanical traction pay-off. There are situations where the guide and ground wires are worn out. The "tension wire release" is to apply a relatively constant tension to the deployed guide and ground wires through tension equipment (mainly tension machines and tractors), so that they are always in a suspended state during the deployment process, so that It avoids direct contact between the conductor and the ground wire and the ground and the objects to be crossed, and prevents the conductor and ground wire from being worn.
利用牵引机、张力机等施工机械展放导线，使导线在展放过程中离开地面和障碍物而呈架空状态的放线方法叫做张力放线。张力放线的基本程序为：1.展放导引绳：将导引绳分段展放，逐基穿过放线滑车，并与邻段相连。2.牵放牵引绳：用小牵引机收卷导引绳，逐渐将施工段内的导引绳更换为牵引绳。3.牵放导线：用主牵引机收卷牵引绳，逐步将施工段内的牵引绳更换为导线。4.以一根牵引绳同时牵放四根子导线，称为一牵四放线。同理，有一牵一、一牵二、一牵三等放线方式。The method of using tractors, tension machines and other construction machinery to spread out the wires so that the wires leave the ground and obstacles in the process of spreading out is called tension payout. The basic procedure of tension pay-off is: 1. Spread out the guide rope: spread out the guide rope in sections, pass through the pay-off pulley base by base, and connect with adjacent sections. 2. Pull out the traction rope: Use a small tractor to wind up the guide rope, and gradually replace the guide rope in the construction section with a traction rope. 3. Pulling and unwinding the wires: Use the main tractor to wind up the traction rope, and gradually replace the traction ropes in the construction section with wires. 4. Use a traction rope to pull and release four sub-conductors at the same time, which is called one pull and four release wires. In the same way, one pulls one, one pulls two, one pulls three and so on.
张力架线具有下列优点：1.避免导线与地面摩擦致伤，减轻运行中的电晕损失及对无线电系统的干扰；2.施工作业高度机械化，速度快，工效高；3.用于跨越江河、公路、铁路、经济作物区，山区、泥沼、河网地带等复杂地形条件，更能取得良好经济效益；4.能减少青苗损失。Tension stringing has the following advantages: 1. Avoid friction between wires and the ground, reduce corona loss and interference to radio systems during operation; 2. Construction operations are highly mechanized, fast and efficient; 3. Used for crossing rivers , roads, railways, economic crop areas, mountainous areas, mud swamps, river network areas and other complex terrain conditions can achieve better economic benefits; 4. Can reduce the loss of young crops.
发明内容Contents of the invention
发明目的：针对上述现有技术，提出一种架空输电线路张力放线智能监测通信系统，能够将实时张力放线数据提供施工人员。Purpose of the invention: Aiming at the above-mentioned prior art, an intelligent monitoring and communication system for tension setting-out of overhead transmission lines is proposed, which can provide construction personnel with real-time tension setting-out data.
技术方案：一种架空输电线路张力放线智能监测通信系统，包括手持终端，用于检测每个滑车荷载的第一传感器，用于检测走板子导线受力的第二传感器，安装在走板上的倾角传感器、GPS定位模块以及第一无线数传模块，设置在地面的中心基站；每个滑车上设有第二无线数传模块和第三无线数传模块；Technical solution: An intelligent monitoring and communication system for overhead transmission line tension pay-off, including a handheld terminal, a first sensor for detecting the load of each trolley, and a second sensor for detecting the force of the running board conductor, which is installed on the running board The inclination sensor, the GPS positioning module and the first wireless data transmission module are arranged at the central base station on the ground; each tackle is provided with a second wireless data transmission module and a third wireless data transmission module;
其中，以每相邻的若干个杆塔为一个局部区域，并以该区域中一个滑车上的第二无线数传模块作为中央节点，该局部区域中的所有第二无线数传模块构成星型拓扑网络；若干个局部区域中作为中央节点的所有第二无线数传模块构成总线拓扑网络，所述中心基站连接到其中一个作为中央节点的第二无线数传模块；所述走板上的第一无线数传模块用于发射第二传感器和倾角传感器的检测数据，所述走板上的GPS定位模块用于发送走板位置数据到所述中心基站，每个滑车上的第三无线数传模块用于接收智能走板上的第一无线数传模块发出的检测数据并转发至其连接的第二无线数传模块；所述中心基站以巡检模式从所述总线拓扑网络读取检测数据并作运算处理，得到张力放线数据并发送至手持终端。Among them, each adjacent number of towers is taken as a local area, and the second wireless data transmission module on a trolley in this area is used as the central node, and all the second wireless data transmission modules in this local area form a star topology network; all the second wireless data transmission modules as central nodes in several local areas form a bus topology network, and the central base station is connected to one of the second wireless data transmission modules as central nodes; the first The wireless data transmission module is used to transmit the detection data of the second sensor and the inclination sensor, the GPS positioning module on the walking board is used to send the moving board position data to the central base station, and the third wireless data transmission module on each trolley It is used to receive the detection data sent by the first wireless data transmission module on the intelligent board and forward it to the second wireless data transmission module connected to it; the central base station reads the detection data from the bus topology network in patrol mode and Do calculation processing, get the tension pay-off data and send it to the handheld terminal.
作为本发明的优选方案，所述中心基站运算处理得到的张力放线数据包括：放线区段内的任意档导线最大弧垂数据和牵引绳最大弧垂数据、放线档内的导线断面模拟图、放线区段内导线与各跨越物垂直距离数据。As a preferred solution of the present invention, the tension pay-off data obtained by the calculation and processing of the central base station includes: the maximum sag data of any gear wire in the pay-off section, the maximum sag data of the traction rope, and the simulation of the cross-section of the wire in the pay-off gear. Figure, the vertical distance data between the wire and each crossing object in the pay-off section.
有益效果：本发明的一种架空输电线路张力放线智能监测通信系统，根据输电线路工程特点，以几个相邻杆塔作为一个局部区域，局部区域中心杆塔作上的数传电台为中继节点，局部区域中滑车之间的通信以星型网络组网的方式实现，每一个中继滑车以总线拓扑网络的方式实现各个局部区域之间的通信，智能走板在任何一个局部区域中的监测信息均可以多跳中继接力方式来传送到中心基站，这样无线通信网络覆盖范围以线状方式在放线区段内实现无盲区信号全覆盖，系统通信网络全覆盖兼容走板无线信号。中心基站根据接收到的各个传感器的检测数据，计算出走板在放线区段内所处的位置、高度、速度、姿态、子导线受力和放线滑车所受荷载等张力放线数据，实现架空输电线路张力放线系统的智能监测。Beneficial effects: An intelligent monitoring and communication system for tension release of overhead transmission lines according to the present invention, according to the characteristics of transmission line engineering, several adjacent towers are used as a local area, and the data transmission station on the central tower of the local area is used as a relay node , the communication between the tackles in the local area is realized in the form of a star network, and each relay tackle realizes the communication between each local area in the form of a bus topology network, and the monitoring of the intelligent walking board in any local area The information can be transmitted to the central base station by means of multi-hop relay relay, so that the coverage of the wireless communication network can achieve full signal coverage without blind spots in the line-out section in a linear manner, and the full coverage of the system communication network is compatible with the wireless signal of the board. According to the detection data received from each sensor, the central base station calculates the tension pay-off data such as the position, height, speed, attitude, force of the sub-conductor and load on the pay-off pulley of the running board in the pay-off section, so as to realize Intelligent monitoring of tension pay-off system for overhead transmission lines.
实际运用中，本发明系统的中心基站可根据现场实际需求和施工安排设置在张力放线张力场或牵引场，根据放线区段的地形情况、放线区段长度、滑车荷载监测需求情况确定数据采集中继台的布设位置和数量，数据监测手持终端在线路中心两侧1.5-2.0km内自由移动均可接收到系统发送的监测数据，系统布置灵活、便捷。In practical application, the central base station of the system of the present invention can be set in the tension field or traction field of the tension line according to the actual needs of the site and the construction arrangement, and is determined according to the topography of the line section, the length of the line section, and the monitoring requirements of the pulley load. The layout position and quantity of the data acquisition relay station, the data monitoring handheld terminal can freely move within 1.5-2.0km on both sides of the line center to receive the monitoring data sent by the system, and the system layout is flexible and convenient.
本发明的系统通信网络组建灵活，无线信号设备在有效通信范围内能够实现自动链接，网络覆盖范围沿线路放向可自由调整；采用误码率极低，数据传输质量很好，适合于作点对点、点对多点或蜂窝式数据通讯系统的终端用的无线数传电台来发射220MHz-234MHz频段的无线局域网络，其无线信号的穿透性强、能够传播得更远而且是低成本的433MHz技术构建无线局域网络。The system communication network of the present invention is flexible in setting up, the wireless signal equipment can realize automatic linking within the effective communication range, and the network coverage can be adjusted freely along the line; the bit error rate is extremely low, the data transmission quality is very good, and it is suitable for point-to-point , point-to-multipoint or cellular data communication system terminals use a wireless data transmission station to transmit a wireless local area network in the 220MHz-234MHz frequency band. The wireless signal has strong penetration, can spread farther and is a low-cost 433MHz technology to build a wireless local area network.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为架空输电线路张力放线智能监测系统结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent monitoring system for tension pay-off of overhead transmission lines;
图2为架空输电线路张力放线智能监测系统的组网示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a network for an intelligent monitoring system for tension and pay-off of overhead transmission lines.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明做更进一步的解释。The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，一种架空输电线路张力放线智能监测通信系统，假设张力放线段工包括20个杆塔，每个杆塔上均安装有一个滑车，每个滑车上均安装有用于检测该滑车荷载的传感器，选择量程为100kN，测量分辨率为0.1kN传感器。本实施例中，张力放线为一牵四放线，在走板上安装倾角传感器、GPS定位模块以及无线数传模块，还安装有用于检测走板子导线受力的传感器。其中，倾角传感器用于对走板倾斜状况实时检测，选择倾角传感器的测量范围±90度，测量分辨率为±1.0度；GPS定位模块用于对走板位置及高程实时定位检测，定位精度选择≤2.0米的定位模块；检测走板子导线受力的传感器为4个拉力传感器，选择传感器量程为50kN，测量分辨率为0.1kN的拉力传感器。As shown in Figure 1, an intelligent monitoring and communication system for tension pay-off of overhead transmission lines, assuming that the tension pay-off section includes 20 towers, each tower is equipped with a pulley, and each pulley is equipped with a For the sensor of the pulley load, select a sensor with a measuring range of 100kN and a measurement resolution of 0.1kN. In this embodiment, the tension pay-off is one pull and four pay-offs, and an inclination sensor, a GPS positioning module and a wireless data transmission module are installed on the running board, and a sensor for detecting the force of the running board wire is also installed. Among them, the inclination sensor is used for real-time detection of the inclination of the walking board, and the measurement range of the inclination sensor is ±90 degrees, and the measurement resolution is ±1.0 degrees; the GPS positioning module is used for real-time positioning detection of the walking board position and elevation, and the positioning accuracy selection ≤2.0m positioning module; the sensors used to detect the force of the board wire are 4 tension sensors, and the tension sensor with a sensor range of 50kN and a measurement resolution of 0.1kN is selected.
走板上还安装有数据处理器、数据缓存器和无线数传模块，该无线输出模块选择50mW的数传电台，数据处理器以巡检模式依次循环读取4个拉力传感器、倾角传感器的检测数据，并对读取到的数据进行打包后存入数据缓存器。每个滑车上还安装有数据处理器、数据缓存器和两个无线数传模块，其中一个无线数传模块选择10W的数传电台，另一个无线数传模块选择50mW的数传电台。每个滑车上的数据处理器实时读取滑车上的传感器检测数据，并对读取到的数据进行打包后存入其连接的数据缓存器。A data processor, a data buffer and a wireless data transmission module are also installed on the walking board. The wireless output module selects a 50mW digital transmission station. data, and store the read data into the data buffer after packing. Each trolley is also equipped with a data processor, a data buffer and two wireless data transmission modules, one of which selects a 10W digital transmission station, and the other wireless data transmission module selects a 50mW digital transmission station. The data processor on each trolley reads the sensor detection data on the trolley in real time, packs the read data and stores it in the data buffer connected to it.
如图2所示，以每相邻的5个杆塔组成一个局部区域，共形成4个局部区域。以每个区域中心位置杆塔上，滑车的10W数传电台作为中央节点，该局部区域中的所有10W的数传电台构成星型拓扑网络；4个局部区域中，每个局部区域中作为中央节点的10W的数传电台构成总线拓扑网络，即每个局部区域中作为中央节点的10W的数传电台作为相邻局部区域的中继电台。第一个局部区域中，10W的数传电台之间以228MHz频段进行通信；第二个局部区域中，10W的数传电台之间以230MHz频段进行通信；第三个局部区域中，10W的数传电台之间以232MHz频段进行通信；第四个局部区域中，10W的数传电台之间以234MHz频段进行通信。第一个局部区域中的中央节点与第二个局部区域中的中央节点以222MHz频段进行通信，第二个局部区域中的中央节点与第三个局部区域中的中央节点以224MHz频段进行通信，第三个局部区域中的中央节点与第四个局部区域中的中央节点以226MHz频段进行通信。根据工程施工实际地形，地面的中心基站设置在某个杆塔旁，中心基站通过220MHz通信频段与该杆塔所在局部区域中的中央节点连接，中心基站只与连接的数传电台进行点对点通信，中心基站与其他数传电台均通过中继中转进行通信。As shown in Figure 2, a local area is formed by every adjacent five towers, and a total of four local areas are formed. Take the 10W digital transmission station of the trolley on the pole tower at the center of each area as the central node, and all the 10W digital transmission stations in the local area form a star topology network; among the 4 local areas, each local area serves as the central node The 10W digital transmission station constitutes a bus topology network, that is, the 10W digital transmission station as the central node in each local area acts as a relay station in the adjacent local area. In the first partial area, the 10W digital transmission stations communicate with each other in the 228MHz frequency band; in the second partial area, the 10W digital transmission stations communicate with each other in the 230MHz frequency band; The 232MHz frequency band is used for communication between the radio stations; in the fourth local area, the 10W digital transmission stations are used for communication with the 234MHz frequency band. The central node in the first local area communicates with the central node in the second local area in the 222MHz frequency band, the central node in the second local area communicates with the central node in the third local area in the 224MHz frequency band, The central node in the third local area communicates with the central node in the fourth local area in the 226 MHz frequency band. According to the actual terrain of the project construction, the central base station on the ground is set next to a certain tower. The central base station is connected to the central node in the local area where the tower is located through the 220MHz communication frequency band. The central base station only performs point-to-point communication with the connected data transmission station. The central base station Communicate with other digital radio stations through relay relay.
设置在地面的中心基站可以与手持终端进行无线通讯，其无线通信距离需达到1.5-2.0km。系统工作前，首先测定各杆塔上滑车的地理位置数据并存储在中心基站。系统工作时，中心基站实时接收走板GPS定位模块发出的位置数据，首先将该位置数据解算后与各杆塔上的滑车的地理位置数据作比较，确定距离走板最近的滑车；然后中心基站通过总线拓扑网络和星型拓扑网络上的数传电台向该最近的滑车发送指令，控制该滑车上的50mW数传电台与走板上的数传电台通信；走板上的数传电台读取其连接的数据缓存器中的数据并发送回滑车上的50mW数传电台，该滑车上的50mW数传电台将接收到的数据存储到其连接的数据缓存器中；最后该滑车上的10W数传电台将走板发送过来的数据通过星型拓扑网络发送到其所在局部区域的中继电台，该中继电台通过总线拓扑网络将数据发送回中心基站，中心基站同时根据计算张力放线数据需要读取相应若干滑车上的传感器检测数据。The central base station set on the ground can communicate with the handheld terminal wirelessly, and its wireless communication distance needs to reach 1.5-2.0km. Before the system works, the geographical position data of the tackle on each tower is firstly measured and stored in the central base station. When the system is working, the central base station receives the position data sent by the GPS positioning module of the walking board in real time, first calculates the position data and compares it with the geographic location data of the tackles on each tower to determine the tackle closest to the walking board; then the central base station The digital transmission station on the bus topology network and the star topology network sends instructions to the nearest trolley to control the 50mW digital transmission station on the trolley to communicate with the digital transmission station on the board; the digital transmission station on the board reads The data in the data buffer connected to it is sent back to the 50mW digital radio station on the tackle, and the 50mW digital radio station on the tackle stores the received data into the data buffer connected to it; finally, the 10W digital radio station on the tackle The transmission station sends the data sent by the board to the relay station in its local area through the star topology network. The relay station sends the data back to the central base station through the bus topology network, and the central base station simultaneously releases the wire according to the calculated tension. The data needs to read the sensor detection data on the corresponding number of tackles.
在系统工作时，中心基站以巡检模式从中心基站最近的中继电台依次读取至最远端中继电台，相应的中继电台从其连接的数据缓存器中读取传感器检测数据，在某一时刻中心基站只读取一个中继电台的数据，未被中心基站读取数据时的中继电台数据处理器以巡检模式依次循环读取其所在局部区域内的滑车荷载数据和走板上的传感器检测数据，并缓存在其数据缓存器内，以备中心基站读取。When the system is working, the central base station reads sequentially from the nearest relay station to the farthest relay station in the inspection mode, and the corresponding relay station reads the sensor detection data from its connected data buffer. Data, at a certain moment, the central base station only reads the data of one relay station. When the data is not read by the central base station, the data processor of the relay station reads the trolleys in the local area sequentially in the inspection mode. The load data and sensor detection data on the walking board are cached in its data buffer for read by the central base station.
中心基站包括数传电台以及计算机，数传电台将接收到的数据传输至计算机，该计算机根据接收到的各传感器的数据，运算处理得到的张力放线数据，包括：放线区段内的任意档导线最大弧垂数据和牵引绳最大弧垂数据、放线档内的导线断面模拟图、放线区段内导线与各跨越物垂直距离数据；这些张力放线数据的计算均可通过现有理论实现。中心基站将计算得到的张力放线数据通过无线局域通信网络以广播形式发送至各手持终端显示，设计通信距离10-15km，可视地理情况决定。当走板接近重要跨越物、杆位时，中心基站的计算机可控制手持终端发出语音提示，还可根据接收到的数据判断当前施工区段作业状况是否安全，在出现预警、报警的同时能够自动指示危险点位置。The central base station includes a digital transmission station and a computer. The digital transmission station transmits the received data to the computer. The computer calculates and processes the tension pay-off data obtained according to the data received from each sensor, including: any The maximum sag data of the gear wire and the maximum sag data of the traction rope, the simulation diagram of the wire section in the pay-off stall, and the vertical distance data between the wire and each span in the pay-off section; the calculation of these tension pay-off data can be done through the existing Realization of theory. The central base station transmits the calculated tension pay-off data through the wireless local area communication network to each handheld terminal for display. The design communication distance is 10-15km, which can be determined according to geographical conditions. When the walking board is close to the important crossing object or pole position, the computer of the central base station can control the handheld terminal to issue voice prompts, and can also judge whether the current operation status of the construction section is safe according to the received data, and can automatically Indicates the location of the hazard point.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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