CN104964109A - Hoop locking type double-contact-face metallic seal pressure-resistant and seepage-proof pipeline connection device - Google Patents
Hoop locking type double-contact-face metallic seal pressure-resistant and seepage-proof pipeline connection device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104964109A CN104964109A CN201510347159.5A CN201510347159A CN104964109A CN 104964109 A CN104964109 A CN 104964109A CN 201510347159 A CN201510347159 A CN 201510347159A CN 104964109 A CN104964109 A CN 104964109A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- antiseepage
- clip
- conical surface
- seal ring
- sealing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L21/00—Joints with sleeve or socket
- F16L21/02—Joints with sleeve or socket with elastic sealing rings between pipe and sleeve or between pipe and socket, e.g. with rolling or other prefabricated profiled rings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L21/00—Joints with sleeve or socket
- F16L21/06—Joints with sleeve or socket with a divided sleeve or ring clamping around the pipe-ends
Abstract
The invention provides a hoop locking type double-contact-face metallic seal pressure-resistant and seepage-proof pipeline connection device, and belongs to the technical field of fluid conveying large-diameter pipeline connection. The hoop locking type double-contact-face metallic seal pressure-resistant and seepage-proof pipeline connection device aims at solving the technical problems that existing large-diameter pipeline connection device rubber seal devices are not resistant to high temperature and are prone to scratches in the installation process, small in borne pressure, short in use cycle, not stable in sealing performance and poor in safety. The hoop locking type double-contact-face metallic seal pressure-resistant and seepage-proof pipeline connection device comprises a hoop and a bolt, and further comprises a sealing device. The sealing device is composed of two limiting rings, two seepage-proof rings and a seal ring. The seal ring is arranged in the middle of the sealing device. The limiting rings are arranged at the two ends of the sealing device. The seepage-proof rings are arranged between the seal ring and the limiting rings. The sealing device is arranged in a groove in the middle of an inner cavity of the hoop. The hoop locking type double-contact-face metallic seal pressure-resistant and seepage-proof pipeline connection device has the advantages of being high in sealing effect, higher in sealing safety, high in sealing stability, long in service life, convenient to install and maintain, capable of being suitable for severe environments with high temperature, high pressure and the like, and low in requirement for pipeline outer surface smoothness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fluid conveying major diameter technical field of pipeline connection, be specifically related to the withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device of a kind of locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces metal sealing.
Background technique
No matter high pressure in existing specialized fluids conveying technology, middle pressure, the large-diameter pipeline interconnection technique of low pressure still uses traditional welding process or flange plate connection method, the outer interior anticorrosive coat of steel pipe all can be destroyed during welding, secondary corrosion prevention operation need be made, for preventing rosin joint from needing carrying out flaw detection in welding process, weld seam has slag inclusion, need during weld defects to do over again, to in-site installation, workman has higher requirements, need in construction to use a large amount of machine to guard against equipment, as: pipeline chamfering machine, arc welding machine, defectoscope etc., there is installation efficiency low, pipeline is not quick detachable, installation cost is high, the waste energy energy, befouling environment, the defect of maintenance maintenance difficulty.
Metal sealing pipeline connecting device of the prior art is mostly only for minor diameter pipeline.And major diameter pipeline connection device of the prior art adopts rubber sealing device mostly, rubber sealing device non-refractory, along with service time increase rubber sealing device gradually can aging, working life is short, rubber sealing device is easily scratched in installation process, easily cause the leakage of Cemented filling medium, poor stability, the pressure that rubber sealing device bears is little, installation requirement is harsh, and rubber sealing device is not suitable for the occasion of some special gas, hydraulic seal.
Summary of the invention
The pressure the object of the invention is to solve existing major diameter pipeline connecting device rubber sealing device and there is non-refractory, be easily scratched in installation process, bear is little, life cycle is short, sealability is unstable, the cost of poor stability, maintenance and repair is large and be not suitable for the technical problem of some special gas, hydraulic seal, provides a kind of locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces metal sealing withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device of a kind of locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces metal sealing, comprise clip and bolt, wherein: it also comprises the seal arrangement be made up of two limited rings, two cutoff collars and a seal ring, described seal ring is located at the centre of seal arrangement, limited ring is located at the two ends of seal arrangement, cutoff collar is located between seal ring and limited ring, and seal arrangement is located in the groove in the middle part of clip inner chamber; The two ends of described seal ring internal surface are provided with interior sealing cone, and the middle part of seal ring internal surface is provided with positive stop lug boss; The outer surface of cutoff collar one end is provided with the external sealed conical surface matched with sealing cone in seal ring, the internal surface of the cutoff collar the other end is provided with the interior antiseepage conical surface, the outer surface of limited ring one end is provided with the outer antiseepage conical surface matched with the antiseepage conical surface in cutoff collar, and the outer surface of the limited ring the other end is provided with the spacing conical surface.
The internal surface that described cutoff collar is provided with external sealed conical surface one end is provided with sealing tooth.
The internal surface that described limited ring is provided with outer antiseepage conical surface one end is provided with antiseepage tooth.
Described clip also comprises restraining groove, and restraining groove is located at the both sides of the groove in the middle part of clip inner chamber.
The restraining groove of described clip can replace with anti-slip tank, is provided with Anti-skid sheet in described anti-slip tank.
The internal surface of described Anti-skid sheet is provided with anti-skidding straight-tooth or helical teeth.
Owing to present invention employs technique scheme, solve the non-refractory that existing major diameter pipeline connecting device rubber sealing device exists, easily be scratched in installation process, the pressure born is little, life cycle is short, sealability is unstable, poor stability, maintenance and repair cost is large and be not suitable for some special gas, the technical problem of hydraulic seal, compared with background technique, the present invention has good sealing effect, sealingly secure is higher, sealing is stable strong, long service life, convenient for installation and maintenance, high temperature can be applicable to, the harsh environment such as high pressure, and the advantage low to pipeline external surface smoothness requirements.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is explosive view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the first use installment state figure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that another kind of the present invention uses installment state figure;
Fig. 4 is the plan view of seal ring;
Fig. 5 is the B-B sectional view in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the plan view of cutoff collar;
Fig. 7 is the C-C sectional view in Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the plan view of limited ring;
Fig. 9 is the D-D sectional view in Fig. 8;
Figure 10 be the first clip plan view;
Figure 11 is the stereogram of clip in Figure 10;
Figure 12 is the plan view that in Figure 10, clip is equipped with tread plate;
Figure 13 is the stereogram of helical teeth tread plate;
Figure 14 is the stereogram of straight-tooth tread plate;
Figure 15 is the plan view of another kind of clip;
Figure 16 is the stereogram of Figure 15;
In figure: 1---limited ring, 101---the outer antiseepage conical surface, 102---the spacing conical surface, 103---antiseepage tooth, 2---cutoff collar, 201---the external sealed conical surface, 202---the interior antiseepage conical surface, 203---sealing tooth, 3---seal ring, 301---interior sealing cone, 302---positive stop lug boss, 4---clip, 401---groove, 402---anti-slip tank, 403---Anti-skid sheet, 404---restraining groove.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is elaborated:
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 ~ Fig. 9, Figure 15 and Figure 16, the withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device of locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces metal sealing in the present embodiment, comprise clip 4 and bolt, wherein: it also comprises the seal arrangement be made up of two limited rings, 1, two cutoff collars 2 and a seal ring 3, described seal ring 3 is located at the centre of seal arrangement, limited ring 1 is located at the two ends of seal arrangement, cutoff collar 2 is located between seal ring 3 and limited ring 1, and seal arrangement is located in the groove 401 in the middle part of clip 4 inner chamber; The two ends of described seal ring 3 internal surface are provided with interior sealing cone 301, and the middle part of seal ring 3 internal surface is provided with positive stop lug boss 302; The outer surface of cutoff collar 2 one end is provided with the external sealed conical surface 201 matched with sealing cone 301 in seal ring 3, and the internal surface that cutoff collar 2 is provided with the external sealed conical surface 201 one end is provided with sealing tooth 203, the internal surface of cutoff collar 2 the other end is provided with the interior antiseepage conical surface 202, the outer surface of limited ring 1 one end is provided with the outer antiseepage conical surface 101 matched with the antiseepage conical surface 202 in cutoff collar 2, the outer surface of limited ring 1 the other end is provided with the spacing conical surface 102 matched with clip recess 401 conical surface, and the internal surface that limited ring 1 is provided with the outer antiseepage conical surface 101 one end is provided with antiseepage tooth 103.Described clip 4 also comprises restraining groove 404, and restraining groove 404 is located at the both sides of the groove 401 in the middle part of clip 4 inner chamber.
Locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces metal sealing withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device in the present embodiment comprises following installation steps:
First arrange installation fixing lug boss at the connecting end of pipeline in a pre-installation, installation fixing lug boss is identical with restraining groove 404 shape, and it is highly less than the degree of depth of restraining groove 404.During installation, first limited ring 1, cutoff collar 2 are sleeved on the connecting end of pipeline, then seal ring 3 is sleeved on pipeline connecting end, and fitted in the side of the mouth of pipe and seal ring 3 positive stop lug boss 302.Utilize Manual pressure device, the external sealed conical surface 101 of limited ring 1 is compressed into cutoff collar 2, and make the external sealed conical surface 201 of cutoff collar 2 compress into seal ring 3, due to extrusion-deformation in the process compressed, make the sealing tooth 203 of cutoff collar 2 and the antiseepage tooth 103 of limited ring 1 be pressed into pipeline outer surface, and make that the interior sealing cone 301 of seal ring 3 and the external sealed conical surface 201 of cutoff collar 2 can fits completely, the interior antiseepage conical surface 202 of cutoff collar 2 and the external sealed conical surface 101 of limited ring 1 can fit completely.Pause one minute by Manual pressure device pressure release, and take out seal ring 3.The pipeline two being installed limited ring 1 and cutoff collar 2 is set in together by seal ring 3, and locks two clips 4 by locking member.
Clip 4 in the present embodiment bears pipeline pulling force; and ensure that in seal arrangement, two limited rings, 1, two cutoff collars 2 and seal ring 3 relative position are constant; abundant clip 4 can be intact protection seal arrangement, and abundant clip 4 makes the intensity of line connection greatly improve.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 4 ~ Figure 12 and Figure 14, the withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device of locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces metal sealing in the present embodiment, comprise clip 4 and bolt, wherein: it also comprises the seal arrangement be made up of two limited rings, 1, two cutoff collars 2 and a seal ring 3, described seal ring 3 is located at the centre of seal arrangement, limited ring 1 is located at the two ends of seal arrangement, cutoff collar 2 is located between seal ring 3 and limited ring 1, and seal arrangement is located in the groove 401 in the middle part of clip 4 inner chamber; The two ends of described seal ring 3 internal surface are provided with interior sealing cone 301, and the middle part of seal ring 3 internal surface is provided with positive stop lug boss 302; The outer surface of cutoff collar 2 one end is provided with the external sealed conical surface 201 matched with sealing cone 301 in seal ring 3, and the internal surface that cutoff collar 2 is provided with the external sealed conical surface 201 one end is provided with sealing tooth 203, the internal surface of cutoff collar 2 the other end is provided with the interior antiseepage conical surface 202, the outer surface of limited ring 1 one end is provided with the outer antiseepage conical surface 101 matched with the antiseepage conical surface 202 in cutoff collar 2, the outer surface of limited ring 1 the other end is provided with the spacing conical surface 102 matched with clip recess 401 conical surface, and the internal surface that limited ring 1 is provided with the outer antiseepage conical surface 101 one end is provided with antiseepage tooth 103.Described clip 4 also comprises anti-slip tank 402 and Anti-skid sheet 403, and anti-slip tank 402 is located at the both sides of the groove 401 in the middle part of clip 4 inner chamber.Anti-skid sheet 403 is provided with in described anti-slip tank 402.The internal surface of described Anti-skid sheet 403 is provided with anti-skidding straight-tooth.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 4 ~ Figure 11 and Figure 13, the difference of the locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces metal sealing withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device in the present embodiment and the locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces metal sealing withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device in embodiment 2 is only that the internal surface of described Anti-skid sheet 403 is provided with anti-skidding straight-tooth helical teeth and replaces.
The installation method of the locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces metal sealing withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device in embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 is as follows:
First limited ring 1, cutoff collar 2 are sleeved on the connecting end of pipeline, then seal ring 3 is sleeved on pipeline connecting end, and fitted in the side of the mouth of pipe and seal ring 3 positive stop lug boss 302.Utilize Manual pressure device, the external sealed conical surface 101 of limited ring 1 is compressed into cutoff collar 2, and make the external sealed conical surface 201 of cutoff collar 2 compress into seal ring 3, due to extrusion-deformation in the process compressed, make the sealing tooth 203 of cutoff collar 2 and the antiseepage tooth 103 of limited ring 1 be pressed into pipeline outer surface, and make that the interior sealing cone 301 of seal ring 3 and the external sealed conical surface 201 of cutoff collar 2 fits completely, the interior antiseepage conical surface 202 of cutoff collar 2 and the external sealed conical surface 101 of limited ring 1 fit completely.Pause one minute by Manual pressure device pressure release, and take out seal ring 3.The pipeline two being installed limited ring 1 and cutoff collar 2 is set in together by seal ring 3, and locks two clips 4 by locking member, till the Anti-skid sheet 403 and the laminating of pipeline outer surface of clip 4.
Clip 4 in embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 bears pipeline pulling force; and ensure that in seal arrangement, two limited rings 1 and seal ring 2 relative position are constant; abundant clip 3 can be intact protection seal arrangement, and abundant clip 3 makes the intensity of line connection greatly improve.
Claims (6)
1. the withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device of locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces metal sealing, comprise clip (4) and bolt, it is characterized in that: it also comprises the seal arrangement be made up of two limited rings (1), two cutoff collars (2) and a seal ring (3), described seal ring (3) is located at the centre of seal arrangement, limited ring (1) is located at the two ends of seal arrangement, cutoff collar (2) is located between seal ring (3) and limited ring (1), and seal arrangement is located in the groove (401) in the middle part of clip (4) inner chamber; The two ends of described seal ring (3) internal surface are provided with interior sealing cone (301), and the middle part of seal ring (3) internal surface is provided with positive stop lug boss (302); The outer surface of cutoff collar (2) one end is provided with the external sealed conical surface (201) matched with seal ring (3) interior sealing cone (301), the internal surface of cutoff collar (2) the other end is provided with the interior antiseepage conical surface (202), one end of limited ring (1) outer surface is provided with the outer antiseepage conical surface (101) matched with cutoff collar (2) the interior antiseepage conical surface (202), and the other end of limited ring (1) outer surface is provided with the spacing conical surface (102) matched with clip recess (401) conical surface.
2. the withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device of locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the internal surface that described cutoff collar (2) is provided with the external sealed conical surface (201) one end is provided with sealing tooth (203).
3. the withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device of locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the internal surface that described limited ring (1) is provided with the outer antiseepage conical surface (101) one end is provided with antiseepage tooth (103).
4. the withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device of locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described clip (4) also comprises restraining groove (404), restraining groove (404) is located at the both sides of the groove (401) in the middle part of clip (4) inner chamber.
5. the withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device of locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the restraining groove (404) of described clip (4) can use anti-slip tank (402) to replace, and is provided with Anti-skid sheet (403) in described anti-slip tank (402).
6. the withstand voltage antiseepage pipeline connecting device of locked clip device formula Double-contact surfaces according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the internal surface of described Anti-skid sheet (403) is provided with anti-skidding straight-tooth or helical teeth.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510347159.5A CN104964109A (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2015-06-19 | Hoop locking type double-contact-face metallic seal pressure-resistant and seepage-proof pipeline connection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510347159.5A CN104964109A (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2015-06-19 | Hoop locking type double-contact-face metallic seal pressure-resistant and seepage-proof pipeline connection device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104964109A true CN104964109A (en) | 2015-10-07 |
Family
ID=54218161
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510347159.5A Pending CN104964109A (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2015-06-19 | Hoop locking type double-contact-face metallic seal pressure-resistant and seepage-proof pipeline connection device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104964109A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101356395A (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2009-01-28 | 伊原科技株式会社 | Fitting structure |
| CN102062271A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2011-05-18 | 龚岳强 | Connection device of full-diameter compressed air conveying pipeline |
| CN202580384U (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-12-05 | 阿特拉斯·科普柯空气动力股份有限公司 | Connector for connecting end parts of two pipes |
| CN103115206A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-05-22 | 葛文宇 | Female-male buckle hoop connection method for pipeline |
| WO2013155703A1 (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-24 | Ge Wenyu | Articulated joint type middle-high pressure pipeline connecting piece |
| CN204756216U (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-11-11 | 李俊伟 | Two withstand voltage prevention of seepage pipeline connecting device of contact surface metal seal of clamp locking formula |
-
2015
- 2015-06-19 CN CN201510347159.5A patent/CN104964109A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101356395A (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2009-01-28 | 伊原科技株式会社 | Fitting structure |
| CN102062271A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2011-05-18 | 龚岳强 | Connection device of full-diameter compressed air conveying pipeline |
| CN202580384U (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2012-12-05 | 阿特拉斯·科普柯空气动力股份有限公司 | Connector for connecting end parts of two pipes |
| WO2013155703A1 (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-24 | Ge Wenyu | Articulated joint type middle-high pressure pipeline connecting piece |
| CN103115206A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-05-22 | 葛文宇 | Female-male buckle hoop connection method for pipeline |
| CN204756216U (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-11-11 | 李俊伟 | Two withstand voltage prevention of seepage pipeline connecting device of contact surface metal seal of clamp locking formula |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN203585707U (en) | Track plug-in type pipeline restoration sleeve | |
| CN201954191U (en) | Rapid pipeline repairing joint | |
| CN204141102U (en) | Mechanical pipe block | |
| CN204756216U (en) | Two withstand voltage prevention of seepage pipeline connecting device of contact surface metal seal of clamp locking formula | |
| CN204729797U (en) | High pressure resistant leakage proof metal sealing locked clip device formula major diameter pipeline connecting device | |
| CN202302402U (en) | Large-caliber wall-through connector | |
| CN204704541U (en) | A kind of pipe connection sealer | |
| CN204805775U (en) | High pressure resistant clamp of two contact surface metal seal prevention of seepage locking formula pipeline connecting device | |
| CN104964109A (en) | Hoop locking type double-contact-face metallic seal pressure-resistant and seepage-proof pipeline connection device | |
| CN103604021A (en) | Coupled pipe leakage rush repair clamp and design method thereof | |
| CN206708600U (en) | A kind of outer fixed ring type HDPE Flange attachment means | |
| CN202281725U (en) | Hydraulic test tool mechanism of ultrahigh-pressure steel pipe | |
| CN104879580A (en) | High pressure resistant leakage-proof metal sealing clamp hoop locking type large diameter pipeline connecting device | |
| CN201748105U (en) | Novel online keeping-gas pressed plugging sealing clamp | |
| CN203533078U (en) | Coupling type pipeline leakage first-aid repair clamp | |
| CN101586730B (en) | Quick high-pressure no transmission stoppage urgent repair method and jig | |
| CN108087657A (en) | A kind of sea-bottom oil-gas pipeline fixture | |
| CN209278675U (en) | It is a kind of adaptively to descend petroleum pipeline attachment device | |
| CN104930275A (en) | Double-contact-surface metal sealing seepage preventing and high-pressure resisting clamp locking type pipeline connecting device | |
| CN208565943U (en) | Reducer tee weld leakage fixture | |
| CN102853184A (en) | Movable joint type middle-high pressure pipeline connection part | |
| CN107830288B (en) | A kind of pipeline Quick-jointing flange | |
| CN204099775U (en) | A kind of high leak tightness multilayer composite pipeline | |
| CN106523814B (en) | A kind of bite type connection enlarging formula steel pipe pipe fitting | |
| CN104373744A (en) | Ball-locking type emergency repair leakage stoppage plate and method for repairing pipeline in emergency through ball-locking type emergency repair leakage stoppage plate |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20151007 |