Background technology:
For a long time, stealth material is originally full of the material of mythological flavor always, and people are for how to have keen interest with stealthy in fact.These years, through the continuous effort of researcher, stealth material gone out with in our visual field.Current stealth material is divided into detecting stealthy material and vision stealth material, detecting stealthy material is mainly used to the detective of avoidance radar, infrared detector, and cannot evade the visiting of human eye, vision stealth material can make human eye, all kinds of detecting devices all cannot detect, and people under invisible clothes can clear view to extraneous environment.
Stealth technique is not only having application in military, prospect in civilian is also very wide, such as preparation can cover the exposure suit of electromagnetic radiation, prepare contact gloves, contact clothing, stealthy cover, can avoid like this hand, clothing or article for human eye real and impact, may be used for medical field, anti-counterfeit field, tourist attractions and special performance etc.
Why human eye can see object, and originally because object will be irradiated to the light reflection on its surface or be refracted in human eye, do not reflect if large absolutely number light absorbs by object, it will show black in human eye.Therefore in order to reality and the stealthy demand fulfillment of vision two conditions: 1. block or change the light of original direct projection to human eye, 2. can not increase new light and inject.Material or the technology of current preparation vision stealth material have: nano material, first material, chemical fabric, LHM, micro metal pin, anti-visible ray technology, anti-infrared detection technology, Kev pull technology and man-made vitreous fibres technology etc.
The cost of current vision stealth material is high, and technology is prematurity also, and weak point is a lot.The disclosed visible light part concealing suit of Chinese patent CN1631281A (publication date 2005.6.29), arranges object lens before and after concealing suit, by the object that fibre optic image transmission technology is real and stealthy, but can not be stealthy in real time.The disclosed camouflage textiles of Chinese patent CN101381918A (publication date 2009.3.11), containing 2 in this textiles, 3 kinds of chameleon fibres, this fiber can environmentally be stablized, humidity, light or use in stress, voltage change and change color, demonstrate white, grey or particular color, but only with stealthy under specific background, field of employment limits to some extent.There is disclosed in Chinese patent CN201790014U (publication date 2011.4.13) fabric of camouflage recessive role, the graticule that plain weave interweaves arranges projection layer of reflective material, projection layer of reflective material is distributed with multiple irregular incident point, real with effectively incorporate residing surrounding enviroment, the incident point of this layer of reflective material is irregular, less stable.However, from above-mentioned with have technology, by improveing the structure of fabric and design, can obtain structure simple, cost is low, the concealing suit that stealth effect is good.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention originally provides a kind of preparation method of stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, adds in chemical fibre raw material using carborundum as raw material, obtains the nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing through electrostatic spinning technique.Fiber in the nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing prepared by this method is nanoscale, incides the reflected value of the light of nonwoven surface close to zero, namely real and stealthy function.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme basis of the present invention:
A stealthy nonwoven fabric for silicon carbide-containing, is characterized in that, the fiber of described stealthy nonwoven fabric is nanofiber, and containing carbon modified SiClx in described nanofiber, the purity of described carbon modified SiClx is 97-99%.
Preferably, described carbon modified SiClx is the carborundum of oleophylic modification.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) by weight, by the carbon modified SiClx of 3-10 part, the PVC of 15-30 part, 1-3 part Nano Silver, the surfactant of 2-5 part and the solvent of 50-70 part, mixing and stirring, obtains spinning solution;
(2) spinning solution that step (1) obtains is placed in spin duct, with 4-6 shower nozzle simultaneously under 10-15KV voltage, with the speed of 0.01-0.08ml/min, is cemented on the dash receiver of distance 15-25cm, obtains the tunica fibrosa just spun;
(3) the first tunica fibrosa spun that step (2) obtains is placed in oxolane and leaves standstill 6-9h removal organic principle, take out and be placed in 40-60 DEG C of baking and curing, obtain the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (1), the particle diameter of carbon modified SiClx is 80-100nm, the surface grafting methyl acrylate side chain of described carbon modified SiClx.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (1), the molecular weight of PVC is greater than 30000.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (1), Nano Silver is rod-like nano silver, and length is 200-300nm.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (1), surfactant is cation quaternary ammonium salt type surfactant.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (1), solvent is ethanol water or methanol aqueous solution, wherein methyl alcohol or ethanol: water=1:1-2.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (2), in as-spun fibre film, the diameter of fiber is 500-1000nm, and the thickness of as-spun fibre film is 1.5-3mm.
Preferred as technique scheme, in described step (3), in the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, the diameter of fiber is 200-480nm, and the grammes per square metre of the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing is 3.9-7.2g/cm
2.
With with have technology phase with, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) carborundum combines with multi-nozzle electrospinning technology by the present invention, and the spinning of many shower nozzles solves the inefficient problem of electrostatic spinning, is added by carborundum in polymeric liquid, directly forms stealthy nonwoven fabric through spinning, method simple possible.
(2) the present invention also with the addition of rod-like nano silver in stealthy nonwoven fabric, and rod-like nano silver can form the skeleton of fiber after polymer is removed, and can form metallic reflector, improves the hidden property of nonwoven fabric further.
(3) the stealthy nonwoven fabric construct prepared of the present invention is simple, and compared to other materials and technology, simple process, cost is low, and stealthy respond well.
Detailed description of the invention:
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, be used for explaining the present invention in this illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation, but not as a limitation of the invention.Embodiment 1:
(1) by the particle diameter of purchase be the carbon modified SiClx of surface grafting methyl acrylate side chain of 80-100nm, purity 97-99% is as main raw material, by weight, by the carbon modified SiClx of 3 parts, the PVC that the molecular weight of 15 parts is greater than 30000,1 part of length is the rod-like nano silver of 200-300nm, the ethanol water solvent of the cation quaternary ammonium salt type surfactant of 2 parts and 50 parts, ethanol: water=1:1.5, mixing and stirring, obtains spinning solution.
(2) spinning solution that step (1) obtains is placed in spin duct, spin duct is connected with 4 shower nozzles, shower nozzle is under 10kV voltage, with the speed of 0.01ml/min, be cemented on the dash receiver of distance 15cm, obtain the first tunica fibrosa spun that thickness is 1.5mm, wherein in as-spun fibre film, the diameter of fiber is 500-590nm.
(3) the first tunica fibrosa spun that step (2) obtains is placed in oxolane and leaves standstill 6h removal organic principle, take out and be placed in 40 DEG C of baking and curing, obtaining grammes per square metre is 3.9g/cm
2the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, in the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, the diameter of fiber is 200-230nm.
Embodiment 2:
(1) by the particle diameter of purchase be the carbon modified SiClx of surface grafting methyl acrylate side chain of 80-100nm, purity 97-99% is as main raw material, by weight, by the carbon modified SiClx of 10 parts, the PVC that the molecular weight of 30 parts is greater than 30000,3 parts of length are the rod-like nano silver of 200-300nm, the methanol aqueous solution solvent of the cation quaternary ammonium salt type surfactant of 5 parts and 70 parts, methyl alcohol: water=1:1.2, mixing and stirring, obtains spinning solution.
(2) spinning solution that step (1) obtains is placed in spin duct, spin duct is connected with 6 shower nozzles, shower nozzle is under 15KV voltage, with the speed of 0.08ml/min, be cemented on the dash receiver of distance 25cm, obtain the first tunica fibrosa spun that thickness is 3mm, wherein in as-spun fibre film, the diameter of fiber is 800-1000nm.
(3) the first tunica fibrosa spun that step (2) obtains is placed in oxolane and leaves standstill 9h removal organic principle, take out and be placed in 60 DEG C of baking and curing, obtaining grammes per square metre is 7.2g/cm
2the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, in the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, the diameter of fiber is 420-480nm.
Embodiment 3:
(1) by the particle diameter of purchase be the carbon modified SiClx of surface grafting methyl acrylate side chain of 80-100nm, purity 97-99% is as main raw material, by weight, by the carbon modified SiClx of 5 parts, the PVC that the molecular weight of 20 parts is greater than 30000,2 parts of length are the rod-like nano silver of 200-300nm, the ethanol water of the cation quaternary ammonium salt type surfactant of 4 parts and 65 parts, ethanol: water=1:1.5, mixing and stirring, obtains spinning solution.
(2) spinning solution that step (1) obtains is placed in spin duct, spin duct is connected with 5 shower nozzles, shower nozzle is under 12KV voltage, with the speed of 0.05ml/min, be cemented on the dash receiver of distance 20cm, obtain the first tunica fibrosa spun that thickness is 2mm, wherein in as-spun fibre film, the diameter of fiber is 670-800nm.
(3) the first tunica fibrosa spun that step (2) obtains is placed in oxolane and leaves standstill 7.5h removal organic principle, take out and be placed in 55 DEG C of baking and curing, obtaining grammes per square metre is 6.5g/cm
2the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, in the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, the diameter of fiber is 380-461nm.
Embodiment 4:
(1) by the particle diameter of purchase be the carbon modified SiClx of surface grafting methyl acrylate side chain of 80-100nm, purity 97-99% is as main raw material, by weight, by the carbon modified SiClx of 8 parts, the PVC that the molecular weight of 25 parts is greater than 30000,1 part of length is the rod-like nano silver of 200-300nm, the methanol aqueous solution solvent of the cation quaternary ammonium salt type surfactant of 3 parts and 60 parts, methyl alcohol: water=1:2, mixing and stirring, obtains spinning solution.
(2) spinning solution that step (1) obtains is placed in spin duct, spin duct is connected with 4 shower nozzles, shower nozzle is under 13KV voltage, with the speed of 0.04ml/min, be cemented on the dash receiver of distance 22cm, obtain the first tunica fibrosa spun that thickness is 2.6mm, wherein in as-spun fibre film, the diameter of fiber is 750-843nm.
(3) the first tunica fibrosa spun that step (2) obtains is placed in oxolane and leaves standstill 7h removal organic principle, take out and be placed in 60 DEG C of baking and curing, obtaining grammes per square metre is 4.7g/cm
2the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, in the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, the diameter of fiber is 420-560nm.
Embodiment 5:
(1) by the particle diameter of purchase be the carbon modified SiClx of surface grafting methyl acrylate side chain of 80-100nm, purity 97-99% is as main raw material, by weight, by the carbon modified SiClx of 8 parts, the PVC that the molecular weight of 25 parts is greater than 30000,3 parts of length are the rod-like nano silver of 200-300nm, the ethanol water of the cation quaternary ammonium salt type surfactant of 3 parts and 60 parts, ethanol: water=1:1, mixing and stirring, obtains spinning solution.
(2) spinning solution that step (1) obtains is placed in spin duct, spin duct is connected with 4 shower nozzles, shower nozzle is under 15KV voltage, with the speed of 0.01ml/min, be cemented on the dash receiver of distance 25cm, obtain the first tunica fibrosa spun that thickness is 2.1mm, wherein in as-spun fibre film, the diameter of fiber is 420-550nm.
(3) the first tunica fibrosa spun that step (2) obtains is placed in oxolane and leaves standstill 8h removal organic principle, take out and be placed in 40 DEG C of baking and curing, obtaining grammes per square metre is 6.4g/cm
2the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, in the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, the diameter of fiber is 360-430nm.
Embodiment 6:
(1) by the particle diameter of purchase be the carbon modified SiClx of surface grafting methyl acrylate side chain of 80-100nm, purity 97-99% is as main raw material, by weight, by the carbon modified SiClx of 7 parts, the PVC that the molecular weight of 21 parts is greater than 30000,1 part of length is the rod-like nano silver of 200-300nm, the ethanol water of the cation quaternary ammonium salt type surfactant of 5 parts and 55 parts, ethanol: water=1:1, mixing and stirring, obtains spinning solution.
(2) spinning solution that step (1) obtains is placed in spin duct, spin duct is connected with 6 shower nozzles, shower nozzle is under 10KV voltage, with the speed of 0.04ml/min, be cemented on the dash receiver of distance 20cm, obtain the first tunica fibrosa spun that thickness is 1.8mm, wherein in as-spun fibre film, the diameter of fiber is 520-675nm.
(3) the first tunica fibrosa spun that step (2) obtains is placed in oxolane and leaves standstill 6-9h removal organic principle, take out and be placed in 40-60 DEG C of baking and curing, obtaining grammes per square metre is 4.3g/cm
2the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, in the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing, the diameter of fiber is 215-260nm.
After testing, the stealthy nonwoven fabric of silicon carbide-containing prepared of embodiment 1-6 is at 0 °, 30 °
As follows with the result of 90 ° of light reflected values:
|
Embodiment 1 |
Embodiment 2 |
Embodiment 3 |
Embodiment 4 |
Embodiment 5 |
Embodiment 6 |
0 ° of light reflected value |
0.6 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.9 |
0.1 |
0.8 |
30 ° of light reflected values |
0.3 |
0.8 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
90 ° of light reflected values |
0.4 |
0.6 |
0.3 |
0.7 |
0.4 |
0.6 |
As seen from the above table, the stealthy nonwoven fabric stealth of silicon carbide-containing prepared of the present invention is respond well.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not for limiting the present invention.Any person skilled in the art scholar all without prejudice under spirit of the present invention and category, can modify above-described embodiment or changes.Therefore, such as have in art usually know the knowledgeable do not depart from complete under disclosed spirit and technological thought all equivalence modify or change, must be contained by claim of the present invention.