CN104961189B - Method for treating chlorophenol-containing wastewater - Google Patents
Method for treating chlorophenol-containing wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN104961189B CN104961189B CN201510394352.4A CN201510394352A CN104961189B CN 104961189 B CN104961189 B CN 104961189B CN 201510394352 A CN201510394352 A CN 201510394352A CN 104961189 B CN104961189 B CN 104961189B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating chlorophenol-containing wastewater. The method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a treatment agent which is 1.0CEC-DTAB-Mt and 0.1CEC-CTAB-Mt; (2) adjusting the pH value of the chlorophenol-containing wastewater to be 3-12, and then adding the treatment agent prepared in the step (1) into the wastewater according to the feeding amount of 1.0g/L-8.0g/L; (3) stirring the chlorophenol-containing wastewater at the stirring rate of 100-150r/min for 5 minutes to 6 hours, and then performing centrifugal settlement for 10-15 minutes; (4) discharging the wastewater after the wastewater meets the standard. According to the method, the treatment agent is prepared from Mt rich in ore resource and low in cost and cationic surface active agents DTAB and CTAB, and meanwhile, the required treatment conditions are simple, so that extremely high applicability to different hydraulic conditions is realized; the removal efficiency for treating the chlorophenol-containing wastewater is high, and pollution to the natural water body and underground water is alleviated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for processing chlorophenol-containing wastewater, belong to technical field of sewage.
Background technology
Chlorobenzene phenol organic compound is to common are organic pollutants in soil and groundwater, is mainly derived from oil refining, refining
Burnt, papermaking, the industry such as plastics and printing and dyeing.Meanwhile, chlorophenol is also through being widely used in wood preservation and life frequently as organic solvent
Produce the fields such as antirust agent, bactericide, Insecticides (tech) ＆ Herbicides (tech), paint and coating.Production, storage, transport and application in chlorophenol
During, some chlorobenzene phenol is inevitably discharged in natural environment, causes serious water pollution, its significant toxicity and
It is difficult to degradability and serious threat is constituted to human health and ecological environment.Chlorobenzene phenol organic matter opposite thing tissue has relatively
Strong denaturation, particularly larger to the hydrobiological toxicity such as fish, shellfish, once contacting contaminated water body, meeting
Intense stimulus skin and mucous membrane, and there is corrosivity.Chlorobenzene phenol organic matter is also possible to and the cell in blood, functional protein etc.
Have an effect, lead to lung, liver, kidney and nervous system injury.Therefore, chlorobenzene phenols organic pollution becomes more concerned
The pollutant of one class priority acccess control.Environment in 129 kinds and the 68 of Environmental Protection in China portion regulation of Environmental protection administration regulation
2- chlorophenol (2-cp) is all included in the pollutant list of priority acccess control, 4- chlorophenol (4-cp) and 2,4- chlorophenesic acid (2,
The chlorobenzene aldehydes matter such as 4-dcp).In general, the toxicity of chlorobenzene phenol organic matter increases with the increase of chloro degree.Chlorine
Higher for degree, the lipophilicity (lipophile) of chlorobenzene phenol organic matter is bigger, and the possibility absorbed by organism is bigger, toxicity
Bigger.All very low with biological degradability due to decomposing, in environment, the chlorobenzene phenol organic matter of residual can exist, steadily in the long term in oxygen
In the sufficient water body of gas, the half-life can reach some months, can reach several years or even more than ten years in soil and sediment.Therefore,
The industrial wastewater of chlorinated phenol is being discharged into municipal sewage plant and is reclaiming before water body it is necessary to chlorobenzene phenol organic matter
Remove from water body.4-cp and 2,4-dcp is typical chlorobenzene phenol organic matter pollutant.
In purified treatment chlorobenzene phenols organic pollution, main processing method has absorption method, chemical oxidization method, coagulation
Method, extraction, photochemical oxidation method, hydrogenolysis techniques etc..In these methods, process the technology generally existing of chlorophenol-containing wastewater
Removal efficiency is low, high cost and the technical problem such as process cycle is long.And absorption method is considered as most economical, most effective, operation
Method that is the easiest, being best suitable for industrial flow operation.In order to solve problems, for many years people be devoted to always developing various
Efficiently, cheap water treatment absorbent.Meanwhile, the actual process parameter of chlorophenol-containing wastewater seldom has systematic research.Cause
This, research is a kind of to can be used in that chlorophenol-containing wastewater is processed, the complete technical method of technological parameter has important practical significance.
Surfactant-modified montmorillonite is always used in organic drilling mud and strengthens crude oil production efficiency, but, surface
The modified montmorillonite of activating agent, always all not by the adsorbent as organic pollution, is applied to sewage treatment area.
Content of the invention
The present invention is directed to the shortcoming and defect that existing chlorophenol wastewater treatment exists, there is provided a kind of high efficiency, economical
The method processing chlorophenol-containing wastewater.
The method that the present invention processes chlorophenol-containing wastewater, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of inorganic agent:
1. according to the ratio of 1g:4ml, montmorillonite (mt) is dispersed in the mixed solution that water is with ethanol volume ratio 1:1, with
100-150 rev/min of rotating speed stirring 25-35 minute, becomes montmorillonite dispersion；
2. according to the ratio of 0.25g:1ml, DTAB (dtab) is dissolved in distilled water；With
100-150 rev/min of rotating speed stirring 25-35 minute, makes the first cationic surfactant solution；Or according to
Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (ctab) is dissolved in distilled water the ratio of 0.31g:1ml, with 100-150 rev/min
Rotating speed stirs 25-35 minute, makes second cationic surfactant solution；
3. according to 1.0 cation exchange capacities (cec) step 2. in the first or second cation surface activating
Agent solution be added to step 1. in montmorillonite dispersion in；At a temperature of 50-60 DEG C, with 100-150 rev/min turn
The continuously stirred 4-6 hour of speed, makes mixed system；
4. mixed system is cleaned with distilled water repeatedly and is centrifuged, by unnecessary cationic surfactant (dtab or
Ctab) wash away, in the supernatant liquor of mixed system, no bromide ion exists (by agno3Detection method detects), then 65
At DEG C, mixed system is dried 12 hours, makes inorganic agent 1.0cec-dtab-mt or 1.0cec-ctab-mt；
(2) water-quality test is carried out to waste water, test index is ph value, the concentration containing 4-cp and 2,4-dcp, if ph value does not exist
Between 3-12, then adjusting ph value with ph conditioning agent is 3-12, then according to concentration containing 4-cp and 2,4-dcp in waste water according to
The dosage of 1.0g/l-8.0g/l adds inorganic agent prepared by step (1)；
Using Ultraviolet spectrophotometry, measure the concentration of 4-cp and 2,4-dcp at 279nm and 286nm wavelength respectively；
When ph value is more than 8, measure the concentration of 4-cp and 2,4-dcp at 297nm and 305nm, because when ph value is more than 8,4-cp
297nm and 305nm can be slid into the maximum absorption wavelength of 2,4-dcp.
Ph conditioning agent is one of hydrochloric acid, NaOH, calcium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor.
(3) when inorganic agent adds, chlorophenol-containing wastewater is stirred, mixing speed 100-150 rev/min, mixing time
For 5 minutes -6 hours, it is then centrifuged for settling 10-15 minute；
(4) sediment step (3) centrifugal sedimentation after is collected by filtration；Remaining 4-cp and 2,4- is carried out to the waste water after processing
The mensure of dcp concentration, up to standard after discharge, otherwise adjustment inorganic agent dosage is until up to standard.
In step (2) in waste water during dosage inorganic agent waste water temperature be 293k-313k.Reduce temperature and contribute to 4-
The removal of cp and 2,4-dcp.
For chlorophenol-containing wastewater, stirring is an important influence factor.Select a suitable mixing speed, existing
Mixing beneficial to medicament, the formation of flco, collision probability between clay particle and organic pollution can be increased again, be conducive to
The absorption to pollutant for the inorganic agent.The length of adsorption time directly affects the pollutant load in water outlet, shorter deficiency of time
To remove pollutant, but adsorption time is long, technological process and facility difficult to accept.Secondly, the ph value of water body, temperature are also shadow
One of key factor of pollutant removal in Xiangshui County.
The present invention adopts DTAB (dtab) and cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (ctab) conduct
Surface modifier, carries out hydrophobically modified to montmorillonite (mt) particle surface.Through modified, mt particle surface is by hydrophilic sex reversal
For hydrophobicity, enhance the hydrophobic effect to chlorobenzene phenol organic matter in water body for the inorganic agent, and it is organic to enhance chlorobenzene phenols
Distributional effects on modified mt for the thing, thus substantially increase the adsorption capacity to 4-cp and 2,4-dcp for the inorganic agent.
The present invention adopts mining deposits to enrich, and cheap mt and cationic surfactant dtab and ctab is prepared for
Two kinds of inorganic agents, and required treatment conditions are simple, have good adaptability to different hydraulics.Chlorinated phenol is given up
The process removal efficiency of water is high, decreases the pollution to natural water body and underground water.
Brief description
Fig. 1 be in embodiment 1 4-cp and 2,4-dcp clearance with the schematic diagram of ph value changes.
Fig. 2 is the zeta potential of two kinds of inorganic agent 1.0cec-dtab-mt and 1.0cec-ctab-mt in embodiment 1 with ph
The schematic diagram of value changes.
Fig. 3 be in embodiment 1 two kinds of inorganic agent 1.0cec-dtab-mt and 1.0cec-ctab-mt respectively with 4-cp and 2,
The scanning transmission electron microscope photo of the sediment composite that 4-dcp is formed after adsorption process.Wherein, (a) is 1.0cec-dtab-mt-
4-cp, (b) is 1.0cec-dtab-mt-2,4-dcp, and (c) is 1.0cec-ctab-mt-4-cp, and (d) is 1.0cec-ctab-
mt-2,4-dcp.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that changes with two kinds of inorganic agent dosages of clearance of 4-cp and 2,4-dcp in embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that changes with time of contact of clearance of 4-cp and 2,4-dcp in embodiment 3.
Fig. 6 be after in embodiment 4,4-cp adsorbs on 1.0cec-dtab-mt and 1.0cec-ctab-mt clearance with temperature
The schematic diagram of degree change.
Fig. 7 be after in embodiment 4,2,4-dcp adsorbs on 1.0cec-dtab-mt and 1.0cec-ctab-mt clearance with
The schematic diagram of temperature change.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is first by procedure below two kinds of inorganic agents of preparation:
1. according to the ratio of 1g:4ml, montmorillonite (mt) is dispersed in the mixed solution that water is with ethanol volume ratio 1:1,
On magnetic stirring apparatus, 25-35 minute is stirred with 100-150 rev/min of rotating speed, become montmorillonite dispersion；
2. according to the ratio of 0.25g:1ml, DTAB (dtab) is dissolved in distilled water；In magnetic
On power agitator, 25-35 minute is stirred with 100-150 rev/min of rotating speed, make the first cationic surfactant solution；
3. according to 1.0 cation exchange capacities (cec) step 2. in cationic surfactant solution be added to step
Rapid 1. in montmorillonite dispersion in；At a temperature of 50-60 DEG C, with the continuously stirred 4-6 of 100-150 rev/min of rotating speed
Hour, make mixed system；
4. mixed system is cleaned with distilled water repeatedly and be centrifuged, unnecessary cationic surfactant (dtab) is washed
Go, in the supernatant liquor of mixed system, no bromide ion has (agno3Detection method), then at 65 DEG C, mixed system is done
Dry 12 hours, make the first inorganic agent 1.0cec-dtab-mt；
5. according to the ratio of 0.31g:1ml, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (ctab) is dissolved in distilled water, with
100-150 rev/min of rotating speed stirring 25-35 minute, makes second cationic surfactant solution；
6. according to step, process 3., 4. and 5. prepares second inorganic agent 1.0cec-ctab-mt.
Embodiment 1
Take two groups of the waste water containing 4-cp, every group 10 parts, using ph conditioning agent (hydrochloric acid, NaOH, calcium hydroxide or ammonia
Water) the ph value of 10 parts of waste water in every group is adjusted to 3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0,8.0,9.0,10.0 respectively, 11.0 Hes
12.0.Take two groups of the waste water containing 2,4-dcp, every group 10 parts, the ph value of 10 parts of waste water in every group is adjusted to 3.0 respectively, 4.0,
5.0th, 6.0,7.0,8.0,9.0,10.0,11.0 and 12.0.40 parts of waste water are 1000ml, pollutant 4-cp and 2,4-dcp
Initial concentration be 50mg/l, temperature control is in 293k.All add in the waste water containing 4-cp to first group of each part 6.0g the first
Inorganic agent 1.0cec-dtab-mt, all adds 6.0g second inorganic agent 1.0cec- in the waste water containing 4-cp to second group of each part
ctab-mt.Add the first inorganic agent by said process and content in first group of each part waste water containing 2,4-dcp, to second
Group adds second inorganic agent in each part waste water containing 2,4-dcp.
The each part waste water adding inorganic agent is maintained mixing speed 100-150 rev/min, stirs 6 hours, be then centrifuged for sinking
Fall 10-15 minute, collects supernatant liquor, carries out water analysis.The removal efficiency of lower pollutant 4-cp and 2,4-dcp of each ph value is such as
Shown in Fig. 1.
Result of implementation shows, ph=6 is optimal ph condition.For 4-cp and 2,4-dcp, when ph value is respectively greater than 7 and 10
When, their removal efficiency can be decreased obviously.In addition, 2,4-dcp removal efficiency is always apparently higher than the removal efficiency of 4-cp.
Determine that 1.0cec-ctab-mt can respectively reach 91.4% He to the removal efficiency of 4-cp and 2,4-dcp in ph=6
96.6%；1.0cec-dtab-mt is respectively 55.9% and 94.1% to the clearance of 4-cp and 2,4-dcp.Exist for inorganic agent
Under different ph values, clay particle surface presents different charge density, therefore, in the range of ph=3.0-12.0, right
The zeta potential of 1.0cec-dtab-mt and 1.0cec-ctab-mt is studied.Result of implementation is as shown in Fig. 2 in ph=
Under the conditions of 6.0,1.0cec-dtab-mt and 1.0cec-ctab-mt carries positive charge, particularly 1.0cec-ctab-mt particle
Surface carries very high positive charge density, and the pollutant for negative electrical charge has very strong electrostatic attraction to act on.After adsorption treatment,
Inorganic agent and pollutant define sediment composite as shown in figure 3, from the point of view of pattern and structure, 1.0cec-dtab-mt and
Active force between 1.0cec-ctab-mt and pollutant is very strong.
Embodiment 2
Take two groups of the waste water containing 4-cp, every group of several pieces (at least 8 parts).Take two groups of the waste water containing 2,4-dcp, every group some
Part (at least 8 parts).Every part of waste water is 1000ml, and ph value is all adjusted to 6.0, the initial concentration of pollutant 4-cp and 2,4-dcp
For 50mg/l, temperature control is in 293k.The first inorganic agent 1.0cec- is put in the waste water containing 4-cp to first group of each part
Dtab-mt, the dosage in every part is incremented by the range of 1.0g-8.0g；The is added in the waste water containing 4-cp to second group of each part
Two kinds of inorganic agent 1.0cec-ctab-mt, the dosage in every part is incremented by the range of 1.0g-8.0g.By said process and content
Add the first inorganic agent in first group of each part waste water containing 2,4-dcp, throw in each part waste water containing 2,4-dcp to second group
Plus second inorganic agent.
The each part waste water adding inorganic agent is maintained 100-150 rev/min of speed of agitator, mixing time 6 hours, Ran Houli
The heart settles 10-15 minute, collects supernatant liquor, carries out water analysis.1.0cec-dtab-mt's and 1.0cec-ctab-mt
Dosage reaches at 8.0g/l, and 2,4-dcp clearance can respectively reach 93.5% and 96.6%；And the clearance of 4-cp can
To respectively reach 55.9% and 92.3%, as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 3
Take two groups of the waste water containing 4-cp, every group of several pieces (at least 7 parts).Take two groups of the waste water containing 2,4-dcp, every group some
Part (at least 7 parts).Every part of waste water is 1000ml, and ph value is all adjusted to 6.0, the initial concentration of pollutant 4-cp and 2,4-dcp
For 50mg/l, temperature control is in 293k.The first inorganic agent 1.0cec- is put in the waste water containing 4-cp to first group of each part
Dtab-mt, the dosage in every part is 6.0g；Second inorganic agent is added in the waste water containing 4-cp to second group of each part
1.0cec-ctab-mt, the dosage in every part is 6.0g.By said process and content to first group of each part containing 2,4-dcp
Add the first inorganic agent in waste water, in second group of each part waste water containing 2,4-dcp, add second inorganic agent.
In the case of adding each part waste water maintenance mixing speed 100-150 rev/min after inorganic agent, time of contact divides
Do not selected in the range of 5 minutes -6 hours, be then centrifuged for settling 10-15 minute, collect supernatant liquor, carry out water analysis, really
When determining time of contact and reaching 180 minutes, absorption basically reaches poised state, and the result of the present embodiment is as shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 4
Take two groups of the waste water containing 4-cp, every group 3 parts, in every group, the temperature of 3 parts of waste water is respectively 293k, 303k and 313k.
Take two groups of the waste water containing 2,4-dcp, every group 3 parts, in every group, the temperature of 3 parts of waste water is respectively 293k, 303k and 313k.Every part is given up
Water is 1000ml, and ph value is all adjusted to 6.0, and the initial concentration of pollutant 4-cp and 2,4-dcp is 50mg/l.To first group 3
Part puts into the first inorganic agent 1.0cec-dtab-mt in the waste water containing 4-cp, and the dosage in every part is 6.0g；To second
Organize in the waste water containing 4-cp for each part and add second inorganic agent 1.0cec-ctab-mt, the dosage in every part is 6.0g.Press
Said process and content add the first inorganic agent in first group of each part waste water containing 2,4-dcp, contain 2,4-dcp to second group
Each part waste water in add second inorganic agent.
The each part waste water after inorganic agent will be added and maintain mixing speed 100-150 rev/min, mixing time 6 hours, then
Centrifugal sedimentation 10-15 minute, collects supernatant liquor, carries out water analysis, determines the mistake adsorbing 4-cp and 2,4-dcp from water body
Journey is exothermic reaction, reduces the removal that temperature contributes to 4-cp and 2,4-dcp.The result of the present embodiment such as Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 institute
Show.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method processing chlorophenol-containing wastewater, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) preparation of inorganic agent:
1. according to the ratio of 1g:4ml, montmorillonite is dispersed in the mixed solution that water is with ethanol volume ratio 1:1, with 100-150
Rev/min rotating speed stirring 25-35 minute, become montmorillonite dispersion；
2. according to the ratio of 0.25g:1ml, DTAB is dissolved in distilled water；With 100-150 rev/min
The rotating speed stirring 25-35 minute of clock, makes the first cationic surfactant solution；Or the ratio according to 0.31g:1ml
Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide is dissolved in distilled water, 25-35 minute is stirred with 100-150 rev/min of rotating speed, makes
Second cationic surfactant solution；
3. according to 1.0 cation exchange capacities step 2. in the first or second cationic surfactant solution add
To step 1. in montmorillonite dispersion in；At a temperature of 50-60 DEG C, continuously stirred with 100-150 rev/min of rotating speed
4-6 hour, makes mixed system；
4. mixed system is cleaned with distilled water repeatedly and be centrifuged, unnecessary cationic surfactant is washed away, until mixing
In the supernatant liquor of system, no bromide ion exists, and then at 65 DEG C, mixed system is dried 12 hours, makes inorganic agent
1.0cec-dtab-mt or 1.0 cec-ctab-mt；
(2) water-quality test is carried out to waste water, test index is ph value, 4-cp and 2,4-dcp concentration in aqueous respectively, if
Not between 3-12, then adjust ph value is 3-12 to ph value, then according to 4-cp and 2,4-dcp concentration in aqueous to waste water
In add step (1) inorganic agent prepared according to the dosage of 1.0g/l-8.0g/l；
(3) when inorganic agent adds, chlorophenol-containing wastewater is stirred, mixing speed 100-150 rev/min, mixing time is 5
Minute -6 hours, is then centrifuged for settling 10-15 minute；
(4) sediment step (3) centrifugal sedimentation after is collected by filtration；Remaining 4-cp and 2,4-dcp is carried out to the waste water after processing
The mensure of concentration, up to standard after discharge, otherwise adjustment inorganic agent dosage is until up to standard.
2. the method processing chlorophenol-containing wastewater according to claim 1, is characterized in that, to waste water in described step (2)
In add waste water during inorganic agent temperature be 293k-313k.
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| CN107321316B (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-11-29 | 山东大学 | A kind of method of oil emulsion in removal ternary compound oil drive water exit |
| CN113101890A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-07-13 | 北京建筑大学 | Surfactant modified waste building brick particles and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113145064A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-07-23 | 苏州科技大学 | Preparation method of clay mineral-based VOCs adsorbent |
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| US4916095A (en) * | 1988-07-14 | 1990-04-10 | The University Of Michigan | Modified clay sorbents |
| CN1462726A (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2003-12-24 | 浙江大学 | Integral method of synthesizing organobentonite-treating wastewater |
| CN104437409A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-03-25 | 中国海洋大学 | Preparation method of adsorbent of phenolic compound in water |
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| JP3154753B2 (en) * | 1991-08-05 | 2001-04-09 | 英裕 玉置 | Recovery method of pentachlorophenol herbicide |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4916095A (en) * | 1988-07-14 | 1990-04-10 | The University Of Michigan | Modified clay sorbents |
| CN1462726A (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2003-12-24 | 浙江大学 | Integral method of synthesizing organobentonite-treating wastewater |
| CN104437409A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-03-25 | 中国海洋大学 | Preparation method of adsorbent of phenolic compound in water |
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