CN104959691B - A kind of preparation method of surface porous metal device - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of surface porous metal device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104959691B
CN104959691B CN201510282532.3A CN201510282532A CN104959691B CN 104959691 B CN104959691 B CN 104959691B CN 201510282532 A CN201510282532 A CN 201510282532A CN 104959691 B CN104959691 B CN 104959691B
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preparation
electric spark
work tank
metal device
electrode
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CN104959691A (en
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李丽
冯雪英
赵林
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Shandong University of Technology
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Shandong University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
    • B23H9/14—Making holes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
    • B23H1/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
    • B23H1/04—Electrodes specially adapted therefor or their manufacture
    • B23H1/06—Electrode material

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of surface porous metal device, belong to microstructure technical field it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：（1）The preparation of combination electrode：By Cu and CaCO3Make the granule that particle diameter is 20～30um, then take Cu granule, CaCO3Granule and polyvinyl alcohol water solution are with mass ratio 8:1:1 mixes prepared batch mixing, and batch mixing is obtained combination electrode through cold isostatic compaction；（2）The micronization processes of electrode；（3）Electric spark drilling：Magnetic stirring apparatuses are set in electric spark machine tool, the work tank of insulation, the circular in cross-section of work tank are placed on the base of magnetic stirring apparatuses, the stirrer of magnetic stirring apparatuses stretches in work tank, prepares micropore with electric spark.This kind of method can increase the yield of gas, and by magnetic agitation, big bubble is divided into minute bubbles, increases the uniformity of bubble volume, thus increasing the micropore quantity of surface of the work and improving its uniformity.

Description

A kind of preparation method of surface porous metal device
Technical field
The invention belongs to microstructure technical field is and in particular to a kind of preparation method of surface porous metal device.
Background technology
The metal material of porous surface has that specific surface area is big, electromagnetic wave absorbability is good, energy absorption is good and heat exchange dissipates The good characteristics such as heat energy power height, application is quite varied.At present, the preparation of required hole is directly processed on material surface Method has mechanical processing method, electrochemistry anodic oxidation, chemical etching method, laser processing method etc..Wherein, Mechanical Method is to use graduating with cutter Or in outer metallic surface, directly processing is portalled for roll-in, is relatively applied to soft metal, the hole aperture prepared is big, porosity is low；Change Learning etching method is that sample acts on through etching agent, can selectively leave one or more components or thing phase, thus being formed many Pore structure, the hole that it is generated and material composition and distribution are closely related, the structure in wayward hole and distribution；Laser method is sharp Light forms the luminous point of a diameter of submicron after poly- silk, using the high temperature hyperpyrexia transient melting of luminous point or the surface of gasification materials, Thus forming micropore, being generally used for processing planar metallic structure part, being applicable to majority of material, but processing cost is held high Expensive, and the easy-adhesion slag in cut edge；Anodizing controls hole by controlling the concentration of electrolyte, voltage and current Size, prepared hole arranges comparison rule, but specimen surface is required higher.
Inventor finds that in spark machined research the surface of workpiece has microcellular structure, and exists in December, 2012 24th phase《Functional material》In deliver《IN718 nickel base superalloy surface machined by EDM integrity preliminary study》, should Document has related only to nickel base superalloy as typical difficult-to-machine material, when being processed using electric spark, in Ni-based conjunction There is microcellular structure on the surface of gold, but this micropore not only negligible amounts, and also aperture differs greatly, and affects porous surface material Performance.
Therefore, how to prepare porous surface material using electrical discharge machining process and remain microstructure technology industry needs One of problem of further investigation.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of preparation method of surface porous metal device, can improve The structure of micropore and the quantity increasing micropore.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that：Invent a kind of preparation of surface porous metal device Method it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
（1）The preparation of combination electrode：By Cu and CaCO3Make the granule that particle diameter is 20～30um, then take Cu granule, CaCO3Granule and polyvinyl alcohol water solution are with mass ratio 8:1:1 mixes prepared batch mixing, through cold isostatic compaction system after batch mixing jolt ramming Obtain combination electrode, briquetting pressure is 130 MPa～150MPa, the dwell time is 20～30S；
（2）The micronization processes of electrode：Step（1）In the electrode that is obtained first use 180# sand papering, the polishing time for 8～ 12min, then uses 240#, 320#, 600#, 800# sand papering, successively until smooth surface；
（3）Electric spark drilling：Magnetic stirring apparatuses are set in electric spark machine tool, in the base of magnetic stirring apparatuses The upper work tank placing insulation, the circular in cross-section of work tank, the stirrer of magnetic stirring apparatuses stretches into work tank In；
First Magnet is set outside the diapire of work tank, the metal pressure that in work tank, setting is matched with the first Magnet Block, metallic briquette connects the pulse power of electric spark machine tool by the blister copper silk of diameter 4～5mm, and metallic briquette is arranged Second Magnet, metal device to be processed is clamped between metallic briquette and the second Magnet；
Open magnetic agitation, the pulse width of the pulse power is more than 50 microseconds, peak point current is less than 4.2A, is entered with electric spark The preparation of row metal device surface micropore.
Preferably, step（1）In polyvinyl alcohol water solution by polyethylene alcohol and water with mass ratio 5:95 mix.
Preferably, step（1）In batch mixing jolt ramming link, frequency of vibration is 20～22 Hz, and time of vibration is 90～120S.
Preferably, step（3）The rotating speed of middle magnetic agitation is in 500～800r/min.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
The specific combination electrode that the present invention adopts both ensure that the good electric conductivity of electrode, can increase the generation of gas again Amount, and so that gas is evenly distributed further by magnetic agitation, increase the quantity of bubble, big bubble is divided into stingy simultaneously Bubble, increases the uniformity of bubble volume, so that more and uniform bubble entrance workpiece material is melted due to electric spark pulsed discharge Change, vaporize formed molten bath, when the metal of melting solidifies again, the gas in molten bath is run out of, thus increasing surface of the work Micropore quantity and improve its uniformity.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of equipment therefor in electric spark drilling step.
In figure reference is：1st, base；2nd, the first Magnet；3rd, work tank；4th, copper wire；5th, metallic briquette；6th, it is combined Electrode；7th, metal device；8th, the second Magnet；9th, stirrer.
Specific embodiment
With specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one
The microcellular structure on metal device 7 surface is obtained successively according to following steps：
（1）The preparation of combination electrode 6：By Cu and CaCO3Make the granule that particle diameter is 20 microns, then take Cu granule, CaCO3Granule and polyvinyl alcohol water solution are with mass ratio 8:1:1 mixes prepared batch mixing；Wherein polyvinyl alcohol water solution is by polyethylene Alcohol and water is with mass ratio 5:95 mix.After batch mixing loads mould, open shaking device, the frequency of vibration of shaking device is 20 Hertz, time of vibration is 120 seconds, and cold isostatic compaction after batch mixing jolt ramming is obtained combination electrode 6, and briquetting pressure is 130,000,000 Handkerchief, the dwell time is 30 seconds；
（2）The micronization processes of electrode：180# sand papering first used by prepared combination electrode 6, and the polishing time is 8 minutes, so Use 240#, 320#, 600#, 800# sand papering successively afterwards, until smooth surface；
（3）Electric spark drilling：Magnetic stirring apparatuses are set in electric spark machine tool, in the base of magnetic stirring apparatuses The work tank 3 of insulation, the circular in cross-section of work tank 3 is placed, the stirrer 9 of magnetic stirring apparatuses stretches into work on 1 In liquid bath 3；
First Magnet 2 is set outside the diapire of work tank 3, and setting in work tank 3 is matched with the first Magnet 2 Metallic briquette 5, metallic briquette 5 arranges the second Magnet 8；Metallic briquette 5 passes through the thick copper wire 4 of 4 millimeters of diameter and connects electric spark The pulse power of machining tool, metal device 7 to be processed is folded between metallic briquette 5 and the second Magnet 8；
Open magnetic agitation, the speed setting of magnetic agitation is 500 revs/min, and the pulse width of the pulse power is more than 50 Microsecond, peak point current are less than 4.2 amperes, carry out the preparation of metal device 7 surface micropore with electric spark.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment is following steps with the difference of embodiment one：
（1）The preparation of combination electrode 6：By Cu and CaCO3Make the granule that particle diameter is 25 microns；Briquetting pressure is 140,000,000 Handkerchief, the dwell time is 25 seconds；
（2）The micronization processes of electrode：The polishing time is 10 minutes；
（3）Electric spark drilling：From a diameter of 4.5 millimeters of copper wire 4.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment is following steps with the difference of embodiment one：
（1）The preparation of combination electrode 6：By Cu and CaCO3Make the granule that particle diameter is 30 microns；Briquetting pressure is 150,000,000 Handkerchief, the dwell time is 20 seconds；
（2）The micronization processes of electrode：The polishing time is 12 minutes；
（3）Electric spark drilling：From a diameter of 5 millimeters of copper wire 4.
The metal device 7 of above-described embodiment processing, under equal conditions carries out contrast test with common spark machined, Comparative result see table：
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not the restriction that the present invention is made with other forms, appoints What those skilled in the art is combined, changes or retrofits possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above and is the present invention Equivalent embodiments.But every without departing from technical solution of the present invention content, the technical spirit according to the present invention is implemented to above Any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling that example is made, still fall within the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of preparation method of surface porous metal device it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
(1) preparation of combination electrode：By Cu and CaCO3Make the granule that particle diameter is 20～30um, then take Cu granule, CaCO3? Grain and polyvinyl alcohol water solution are with mass ratio 8:1:1 mixes prepared batch mixing, is obtained compound after batch mixing jolt ramming through cold isostatic compaction Electrode, briquetting pressure is 130～150MPa, and the dwell time is 20～30S；
(2) micronization processes of electrode：The electrode being obtained in step (1) first uses 180# sand papering, and the polishing time is 8～12min, Then use 240#, 320#, 600#, 800# sand papering successively, until smooth surface；
(3) electric spark drilling：Magnetic stirring apparatuses are set in electric spark machine tool, the base of magnetic stirring apparatuses is put Put the work tank of insulation, the circular in cross-section of work tank, the stirrer of magnetic stirring apparatuses stretches in work tank；
First Magnet is set outside the diapire of work tank, the metallic briquette that in work tank, setting is matched with the first Magnet, Metallic briquette passes through the pulse power that the thick copper wire of diameter 4～5mm connects electric spark machine tool, and metallic briquette arranges second Magnet, metal device to be processed is clamped between metallic briquette and the second Magnet；
Open magnetic agitation, the pulse width of the pulse power is more than 50 microseconds, peak point current is less than 4.2A, carries out gold with electric spark Belong to the preparation of device surface micropore.
2. surface porous metal device according to claim 1 preparation method it is characterised in that：Poly- in step (1) Vinyl alcohol aqueous solution is by polyethylene alcohol and water with mass ratio 5:95 mix.
3. surface porous metal device according to claim 2 preparation method it is characterised in that：Step (1) batch mixing shakes In real link, frequency of vibration is 20～22Hz, and time of vibration is 90～120S.
4. the preparation method according to the arbitrary described surface porous metal device of claims 1 to 3 it is characterised in that：Step (3) The rotating speed of middle magnetic agitation is in 500～800r/min.
CN201510282532.3A 2015-05-29 2015-05-29 A kind of preparation method of surface porous metal device Active CN104959691B (en)

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57185902A (en) * 1981-05-11 1982-11-16 Nippon Seiko Kk Sintering method for porous body
US20040126583A1 (en) * 2002-11-19 2004-07-01 Takashi Nakamura Foaming agent for manufacturing a foamed or porous metal
CN103072937B (en) * 2012-11-28 2015-04-29 南京沃闻光电科技有限公司 Metal/semiconductor case-core structure porous microsphere and preparation method of metal/semiconductor case-core structure porous microsphere
CN103147100B (en) * 2013-04-02 2016-06-01 中南大学 A kind of preparation method mixing porous metal material
CN103878369B (en) * 2014-03-28 2016-03-30 兴化市兴东铸钢有限公司 A kind of three-dimensional porous metal material sinter molding device and forming method

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