CN104958268A - Preparation method of hirudin freeze-dried powder injection - Google Patents
Preparation method of hirudin freeze-dried powder injection Download PDFInfo
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- CN104958268A CN104958268A CN201510343592.1A CN201510343592A CN104958268A CN 104958268 A CN104958268 A CN 104958268A CN 201510343592 A CN201510343592 A CN 201510343592A CN 104958268 A CN104958268 A CN 104958268A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of hirudin freeze-dried powder injection. The preparation method includes the steps of smashing, pulping, ultrafiltration, zwitterion column chromatography impurity removal, concentration for desalting and drying. Ultrafiltration, anion exchange and cation exchange column chromatography are adopted for impurity removal, a dialysis bag concentration method is used to remove saline materials generated in the process of extraction, in other words, purity of hirudin is improved greatly. The preparation method is high in operability and practicability and conducive to industrialized popularization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of hirudin lyophilized injectable powder.
Background technology
Hirudo is China's Chinese medicine, just on the books in Shennong's Herbal before 1800.The traditional Chinese medical science thinks the curative effect that it has removing blood stasis, removing blood stasis, stimulates the menstrual flow, and is mainly used in treatment abdominal mass disease, mass in the abdomen, blood stasis, amenorrhea and traumatic injury.West also conventional Hirudo sucks blood to treat some disease.From Hirudo and salivary gland thereof, extracted various active composition, hirudin be wherein active significantly and a kind of composition studying at most, the lower molecule protein (polypeptide) that it is made up of 65-66 aminoacid.Hirudin has extremely strong inhibitory action to thrombin, is the strongest found the up to now natural specific inhibitor of thrombin.Animal yes show with clinical research, the blood coagulation of hirudin energy Effective Anti, antithrombus formation, and stop step blood stasis phenomenons such as the thrombin activation of catalyzed by thrombin and platelet response.In addition, it can also fibroblastic propagation of enzyme induction anticoagulant and the stimulation of thrombin Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells.Compared with heparin, not only consumption is few for it, can not cause bleeding, also not rely on endogenous co-factor; Heparin then has the danger caused bleeding, and in the pathogenic process of disseminated inravascular coagulation, 3. antithrombase often reduces, and this is by the curative effect of restriction heparin, adopts Hirudo to have good effect.Hirudin is a class up-and-coming anticoagulant blood stasis dispelling medicine, and it can be used for treating various thrombus disease, especially phlebothrombosis and diffusivity blood vessel anticoagulation treatment; Also can be used for the formation of surgical site infections prevention of arterial thrombosis, after prevention thrombus or the formation of thrombosis after revascularization; Improve extracorporeal circulation of blood and blood dialysis.Chang Yinwei anastomosis blood vessel embolism in microsurgery and cause operative failure, adopts hirudin to promote wound healing.Animal experiment and clinical research show, vein or subcutaneous injection hirudin are all without obvious toxic-side effects, no matter acute, subacute toxicity test, all unaffected to blood pressure, heart rate, blood phase, bleeding time and blood chemistry, respiratory system does not also affect, without anaphylaxis, generally find without specific antibody.Half lethal dose LD50 > 50mg/kg, much larger than the dosage (1mg/kg) that treatment is used.Hirudin is more stable, and trypsin and Chymotrypsin do not destroy its activity, and some proteolytie fragrnent of hirudin still has the effect of Trombin inhibiting.In recent years, getting more and more of research lepirudin 023 ludon, but, lepirudin 023 ludon deposits the defect of nature both ways compared with natural hirudin: on the one hand, although lepirudin 023 ludon is extremely similar to natural hirudin with structure at aminoacid sequence, but the disappearance of sulfenyl on 63 TYR residues, makes the suppression constant of lepirudin 023 ludon to thrombin reduce 90% than natural hirudin; On the other hand, important reason is the effect that medicinal effects that hirudin is good is not only hirudin, also has the participation role of other active component in Hirudo saliva jointly to be formed.These are the inherent birth defects that cannot overcome of lepirudin 023 ludon, make it carry out deep Application and Development and increase difficulty.
Thrombin is one of principal element causing thrombosis, and the formation of thrombosis is the main cause causing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is one of principal disease of current harm humans life and health, add up according to the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is died from the whole world every year nearly 1,700 ten thousand people, namely just has 1 to die from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in global every 3 dieds.Expect the year two thousand twenty, because the number of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease death will increase by 50%, up to 2,500 ten thousand people than this numeral.China's more than 60 years old population crosses hundred million, and this ages disease sends out rate every year more than 5%, and namely China has 5,000,000 people to prevent and treat with anticoagulant and to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease every year, and this kind of disease develops to rejuvenation.If calculate by 1% number, the radix of sickness rate can be larger.
Number of patent application is the method that patent discloses extraction purification hirudin of 031143566, the method uses acetone extraction hirudin from the salivation thing of living leech, purification is carried out again with column chromatography, applied only for anion exchange chromatography (gel filtration chromatography is the effect of molecular sieve) and carry out purification, impurity is not separated completely, the purity of hirudin is not high, has no the report of this patent about hirudin purity yet; Application number is 95117701 patent discloses and adopt affinity chromatography purification hirudin, but in actual application, is only applicable to laboratory, could enlarged experiment and production further, is unfavorable for Industry Promotion.
Summary of the invention
For these reasons, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of hirudin lyophilized injectable powder, adopt ultrafiltration, anion exchange, cation exchange column chromatography method to carry out remove impurity, then remove the salts substances produced in leaching process with bag filter concentration method, refer to that the purity of hirudin improves greatly.
To achieve the above object of the invention, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A preparation method for hirudin lyophilized injectable powder, comprises the following steps:
(A) water intaking trematodiasis, adds water for injection, broken after washing away impurity, makes homogenate; Homogenate be sub-packed in container with lid, freeze 20-24 hour, then thaw with ethanol, again freeze, repeatedly freeze, melt 3-5 time in-30 DEG C of refrigerator-freezers, after thawing for the last time, add sodium chloride solution, stir, then use refrigerated centrifuger centrifugation, Aspirate supernatant is for subsequent use;
(B) supernatant is carried out ultrafiltration, when ultrafiltration is to the 1/3-1/2 of original solution volume, add water to original volume, repeatable operation 3-5 time, merge permeate, at 20 DEG C, be concentrated into the solution that relative density is 1.05-1.10;
(C) pH value is adjusted to be 5.0-7.0 concentrated filtrate buffer, ionic strength is that 0.01mol/l passes through cation exchange column, the column volume eluting of 46 times is washed with buffer, collect eluent, pH value is adjusted to be that 5.0-7.0 passes through anion-exchange column with buffer again, 1 times of column volume is respectively washed respectively with the buffer that pH value is 7.3-7.5,7.1-7.3, eluent discards, finally carry out eluting with the sodium chloride that the buffer that pH value is 7.1-7.3 adds 0.01mol/l, collect eluent, be eluted to till UV-detector can't detect absorption;
(D) eluent concentrating and desalinating, obtains hirudin semi-finished product;
(E) hirudin semi-finished product added or do not add pharmaceutic adjuvant, after water for injection adjustment concentration, being dispensed in cillin bottle, carrying out lyophilization, roll lid, detect, obtain hirudin lyophilized injectable powder.
In described step (A), the concentration of ethanol is 70%-80%.
In described step (A), the addition of sodium chloride is 1-3 times of raw material, and concentration is 0.1-0.2mol/L.
In described step (C), buffer solution is the one of phosphate-buffered or tris-HCI buffer.
Described step (C) cationic exchange column is selected from the one in CM-cross-linking dextran, CM-agarose, CM-cellulose, SP-cross-linking dextran, SP-agarose, SP-cellulose.
In described step (C), anion-exchange column is selected from the one in DEAE-cross-linking dextran, DEAE-agarose, DEAE-cellulose, Q-cross-linking dextran, Q-agarose, Q-cellulose.
In described step (D), concentrating and desalinating adopts bag filter concentration method, and concrete operations are:
Eluent is put into bag filter, ligation, the one in high molecular polymer Polyethylene Glycol (carbowax), polyvinyl pyrrole, alkane ketone etc. or sucrose is sprinkling upon bag filter outward; Or water absorbing agent is made into the solution of 30%-40% concentration, is put into by the bag filter that eluent is housed, water absorbing agent, with later, is put into incubator and is dried or after natural drying, recycle.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Preparation method ethanol of the present invention replaces water to thaw to Hirudo homogenate, better effects if, and efficiency is higher, and the effect of alcohol extraction is simultaneously more excellent than water extraction.The present invention adopts ultrafiltration, anion exchange, cation exchange column chromatography method to carry out remove impurity, then removes the salts substances produced in leaching process with bag filter concentration method, refers to that the purity of hirudin improves greatly.Hirudin preparation method operability of the present invention, practical, be conducive to Industry Promotion.
Detailed description of the invention
More being convenient to make content of the present invention understand, below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, technical solutions according to the invention are described further, but the present invention being not limited only to this.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of hirudin lyophilized injectable powder of the present invention, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(A) water intaking trematodiasis, adds water for injection, broken after washing away impurity, makes homogenate; Homogenate be sub-packed in container with lid, freeze 20 hours, then thaw with ethanol, again freeze, repeatedly freeze in-30 DEG C of refrigerator-freezers, melt 3 times, after thawing for the last time, add sodium chloride, stir, then use refrigerated centrifuger centrifugation, Aspirate supernatant is for subsequent use;
(B) supernatant is carried out ultrafiltration, when ultrafiltration is to the 1/3-1/2 of original solution volume, add water to original volume, repeatable operation 3 times, merge permeate, at 20 DEG C, be concentrated into the solution that relative density is 1.05;
(C) pH value is adjusted to be 5.0 concentrated filtrate buffer, ionic strength is that 0.01mol/l passes through cation exchange column, the column volume eluting of 46 times is washed with buffer, collect eluent, pH value is adjusted to be that 5.0-7.0 passes through anion-exchange column with buffer again, 1 times of column volume is respectively washed respectively with the buffer that pH value is 7.3,7.1, eluent discards, finally carry out eluting with the sodium chloride that the buffer that pH value is 7.1 adds 0.01mol/l, collect eluent, be eluted to till UV-detector can't detect absorption;
(D) eluent concentrating and desalinating, obtains hirudin semi-finished product;
(E) hirudin semi-finished product added or do not add pharmaceutic adjuvant, after water for injection adjustment concentration, being dispensed in cillin bottle, carrying out lyophilization, roll lid, detect, obtain hirudin lyophilized injectable powder.
The concentration of the described ethanol described in step (A) is 70%.
In described step (A), the addition of sodium chloride is 1 times of raw material, and concentration is 0.1mol/L.
In described step (C), buffer solution is the one of phosphate-buffered or tris-HCI buffer.
Described step (C) cationic exchange column is CM-cross-linking dextran.
In described step (C), anion-exchange column is DEAE-cross-linking dextran.
In described step (D), concentrating and desalinating adopts bag filter concentration method, and concrete operations are:
Eluent is put into bag filter, ligation, high molecular polymer Polyethylene Glycol is sprinkling upon bag filter outward.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of hirudin lyophilized injectable powder of the present invention, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(A) water intaking trematodiasis, adds water for injection, broken after washing away impurity, makes homogenate; Homogenate be sub-packed in container with lid, freeze 22 hours, then thaw with ethanol, again freeze, repeatedly freeze in-30 DEG C of refrigerator-freezers, melt 4 times, after thawing for the last time, add sodium chloride, stir, then use refrigerated centrifuger centrifugation, Aspirate supernatant is for subsequent use;
(B) supernatant is carried out ultrafiltration, when ultrafiltration is to the 1/3-1/2 of original solution volume, add water to original volume, repeatable operation 4 times, merge permeate, at 20 DEG C, be concentrated into the solution that relative density is 1.08;
(C) pH value is adjusted to be 6.0 concentrated filtrate buffer, ionic strength is that 0.01mol/l passes through cation exchange column, the column volume eluting of 46 times is washed with buffer, collect eluent, pH value is adjusted to be 6.0 pass through anion-exchange column with buffer again, 1 times of column volume is respectively washed respectively with the buffer that pH value is 7.4,7.2, eluent discards, finally carry out eluting with the sodium chloride that the buffer that pH value is 7.2 adds 0.01mol/l, collect eluent, be eluted to till UV-detector can't detect absorption;
(D) eluent concentrating and desalinating, obtains hirudin semi-finished product;
(E) hirudin semi-finished product added or do not add pharmaceutic adjuvant, after water for injection adjustment concentration, being dispensed in cillin bottle, carrying out lyophilization, roll lid, detect, obtain hirudin lyophilized injectable powder.
The concentration of the described ethanol described in step (A) is 75%.
In described step (A), the addition of sodium chloride is 2 times of raw material, and concentration is 0.15mol/L.
In described step (C), buffer solution is the one of phosphate-buffered or tris-HCI buffer.
Described step (C) cationic exchange column is CM-agarose.
In described step (C), anion-exchange column is DEAE-agarose.
In described step (D), concentrating and desalinating adopts bag filter concentration method, and concrete operations are:
Eluent is put into bag filter, ligation, high molecular polymer polyvinyl pyrrole is sprinkling upon bag filter outward.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of hirudin lyophilized injectable powder of the present invention, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(A) water intaking trematodiasis, adds water for injection, broken after washing away impurity, makes homogenate; Homogenate be sub-packed in container with lid, freeze 23 hours, then thaw with ethanol, again freeze, repeatedly freeze in-30 DEG C of refrigerator-freezers, melt 5 times, after thawing for the last time, add sodium chloride, stir, then use refrigerated centrifuger centrifugation, Aspirate supernatant is for subsequent use;
(B) supernatant is carried out ultrafiltration, when ultrafiltration is to the 1/3-1/2 of original solution volume, add water to original volume, repeatable operation 5 times, merge permeate, at 20 DEG C, be concentrated into the solution that relative density is 1.10;
(C) pH value is adjusted to be 7.0 concentrated filtrate buffer, ionic strength is that 0.01mol/l passes through cation exchange column, the column volume eluting of 46 times is washed with buffer, collect eluent, pH value is adjusted to be 7.0 pass through anion-exchange column with buffer again, 1 times of column volume is respectively washed respectively with the buffer that pH value is 7.5,7.3, eluent discards, finally carry out eluting with the sodium chloride that the buffer that pH value is 7.3 adds 0.01mol/l, collect eluent, be eluted to till UV-detector can't detect absorption;
(D) eluent concentrating and desalinating, obtains hirudin semi-finished product;
(E) hirudin semi-finished product added or do not add pharmaceutic adjuvant, after water for injection adjustment concentration, being dispensed in cillin bottle, carrying out lyophilization, roll lid, detect, obtain hirudin lyophilized injectable powder.
The concentration of the described ethanol described in step (A) is 80%.
In described step (A), the addition of sodium chloride is 3 times of raw material, and concentration is 0.15mol/L.
In described step (C), buffer solution is the one of phosphate-buffered or tris-HCI buffer.
Described step (C) cationic exchange column is CM-cellulose.
In described step (C), anion-exchange column is DEAE-cellulose.
In described step (D), concentrating and desalinating adopts bag filter concentration method, and concrete operations are:
Eluent is put into bag filter, ligation, being sprinkling upon bag filter in sucrose outward.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of hirudin lyophilized injectable powder of the present invention, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(A) water intaking trematodiasis, adds water for injection, broken after washing away impurity, makes homogenate; Homogenate be sub-packed in container with lid, freeze 24 hours, then thaw with ethanol, again freeze, repeatedly freeze in-30 DEG C of refrigerator-freezers, melt 4 times, after thawing for the last time, add sodium chloride, stir, then use refrigerated centrifuger centrifugation, Aspirate supernatant is for subsequent use;
(B) supernatant is carried out ultrafiltration, when ultrafiltration is to the 1/3-1/2 of original solution volume, add water to original volume, repeatable operation 5 times, merge permeate, at 20 DEG C, be concentrated into the solution that relative density is 1.10;
(C) pH value is adjusted to be 7.0 concentrated filtrate buffer, ionic strength is that 0.01mol/l passes through cation exchange column, the column volume eluting of 46 times is washed with buffer, collect eluent, pH value is adjusted to be 7.0 pass through anion-exchange column with buffer again, 1 times of column volume is respectively washed respectively with the buffer that pH value is 7.5,7.3, eluent discards, finally carry out eluting with the sodium chloride that the buffer that pH value is 7.3 adds 0.01mol/l, collect eluent, be eluted to till UV-detector can't detect absorption;
(D) eluent concentrating and desalinating, obtains hirudin semi-finished product;
(E) hirudin semi-finished product added or do not add pharmaceutic adjuvant, after water for injection adjustment concentration, being dispensed in cillin bottle, carrying out lyophilization, roll lid, detect, obtain hirudin lyophilized injectable powder.
The concentration of the described ethanol described in step (A) is 80%.
In described step (A), the addition of sodium chloride is 2 times of raw material, and concentration is 0.2mol/L.
In described step (C), buffer solution is the one of phosphate-buffered or tris-HCI buffer.
Described step (C) cationic is exchanged for SP-agarose.
In described step (C), anion-exchange column is Q-cellulose.
In described step (D), concentrating and desalinating adopts bag filter concentration method, and concrete operations are:
Water absorbing agent is made into the solution of 40% concentration, is put into by the bag filter that eluent is housed, water absorbing agent, with later, is put into incubator and is dried or after natural drying, recycle.
Claims (7)
1. a preparation method for hirudin lyophilized injectable powder, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(A) water intaking trematodiasis, adds water for injection, broken after washing away impurity, makes homogenate; Homogenate be sub-packed in container with lid, freeze 20-24 hour, then thaw with ethanol, again freeze, repeatedly freeze, melt 3-5 time in-30 DEG C of refrigerator-freezers, after thawing for the last time, add sodium chloride solution, stir, then use refrigerated centrifuger centrifugation, Aspirate supernatant is for subsequent use;
(B) supernatant is carried out ultrafiltration, when ultrafiltration is to the 1/3-1/2 of original solution volume, add water to original volume, repeatable operation 3-5 time, merge permeate, at 20 DEG C, be concentrated into the solution that relative density is 1.05-1.10;
(C) pH value is adjusted to be 5.0-7.0 concentrated filtrate buffer, ionic strength is that 0.01mol/l passes through cation exchange column, the column volume eluting of 46 times is washed with buffer, collect eluent, pH value is adjusted to be that 5.0-7.0 passes through anion-exchange column with buffer again, 1 times of column volume is respectively washed respectively with the buffer that pH value is 7.3-7.5,7.1-7.3, eluent discards, finally carry out eluting with the sodium chloride that the buffer that pH value is 7.1-7.3 adds 0.01mol/l, collect eluent, be eluted to till UV-detector can't detect absorption;
(D) eluent concentrating and desalinating, obtains hirudin semi-finished product;
(E) hirudin semi-finished product added or do not add pharmaceutic adjuvant, after water for injection adjustment concentration, being dispensed in cillin bottle, carrying out lyophilization, roll lid, detect, obtain hirudin lyophilized injectable powder.
2. the preparation method of hirudin lyophilized injectable powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (A), the concentration of ethanol is 70%-80%.
3. the preparation method of hirudin lyophilized injectable powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (A), the addition of sodium chloride is 1-3 times of raw material, and concentration is 0.1-0.2mol/L.
4. the preparation method of hirudin lyophilized injectable powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (C), buffer solution is the one of phosphate-buffered or tris-HCI buffer.
5. the preparation method of hirudin lyophilized injectable powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (C) cationic exchange column is selected from the one in CM-cross-linking dextran, CM-agarose, CM-cellulose, SP-cross-linking dextran, SP-agarose, SP-cellulose.
6. the preparation method of hirudin lyophilized injectable powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (C), anion-exchange column is selected from the one in DEAE-cross-linking dextran, DEAE-agarose, DEAE-cellulose, Q-cross-linking dextran, Q-agarose, Q-cellulose.
7. the preparation method of hirudin lyophilized injectable powder according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (D), concentrating and desalinating adopts bag filter concentration method, and concrete operations are:
Eluent is put into bag filter, ligation, the one in high molecular polymer Polyethylene Glycol (carbowax), polyvinyl pyrrole, alkane ketone etc. or sucrose is sprinkling upon bag filter outward; Or water absorbing agent is made into the solution of 30%-40% concentration, is put into by the bag filter that eluent is housed, water absorbing agent, with later, is put into incubator and is dried or after natural drying, recycle.
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CN107827978A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-03-23 | 广西博白县琼达农业科技有限公司 | A kind of extracting method of hirudin |
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Application publication date: 20151007 |