CN104953165B - Overcharge explosion-proof lithium battery - Google Patents

Overcharge explosion-proof lithium battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104953165B
CN104953165B CN201510406558.4A CN201510406558A CN104953165B CN 104953165 B CN104953165 B CN 104953165B CN 201510406558 A CN201510406558 A CN 201510406558A CN 104953165 B CN104953165 B CN 104953165B
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China
Prior art keywords
negative plate
battery
delivery hole
lithium
copper foil
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CN201510406558.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104953165A (en
Inventor
龚欢
蒋新华
屈孝辉
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Guangdong Shengli High tech Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Dongguan Sheng Li Energy Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058Construction or manufacture
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

Explosion-proof lithium battery is overcharged the present invention relates to one kind, explosion-proof lithium battery is originally overcharged and is included closed housing, positive pole and negative pole;It is stacked with Copper Foil, negative plate, barrier film, positive plate and aluminium foil successively from top to bottom in the housing;The Copper Foil is electrically connected with the negative pole, and the aluminium foil is electrically connected with the positive pole;It is closed in the housing to have electrolyte;Equidistant close-packed array has delivery hole on the negative plate, and the aperture direction of each delivery hole is vertical with the negative plate;Insulating barrier is scribbled on the internal perisporium of each delivery hole, insulating barrier is also coated with faced with the barrier film face of negative plate;This lithium battery is safer in charging process, stabilization, can effectively prevent barrier film to be punctured, and greatly reduces the probability that the battery explosion phenomenon caused by overcharging occurs.

Description

Overcharge explosion-proof lithium battery
Technical field
It is a kind of explosion-proof lithium battery particularly the present invention relates to a kind of lithium battery.
Background technology
Compared to traditional lead-acid accumulator, lithium battery has obvious advantage, its energy ratio is higher, service life more Long, rated voltage is higher, self-discharge rate is lower, while quality is lighter, more energy efficient environmental protection, plurality of advantages causes that lithium battery is extensive Apply in each corner of life;But current lithium battery still suffers from potential safety hazard, lithium battery used in recent years in, often It has been reported that lithium battery explodes in charging process;The explosion cause of lithium battery is roughly divided into three kinds:External short circuit, inside are short Road, over-charging of battery;Wherein, over-charging of battery is main explosion cause;Because when battery is full of, having been stored in the grid of negative plate Full lithium atom, if continuing to charge, follow-up lithium atom will be deposited in negative pole plate surface, and these lithium atoms can be from negative pole plate surface The direction come to lithium ion trip grows ingotism;Because the positive and negative pole plate of lithium battery now is to just right, these crystallizations will Puncture the barrier film between positive and negative pole plate so that positive and negative pole plate directly contact and it is short-circuit, and then the electrolyte in battery is heated Vaporization, case swells, ultimately result in lithium battery blast, or even electrolyte burning, blast caused by temperature is too high, cause more serious Security incident.
The content of the invention
Regarding to the issue above, the present invention provides one kind and overcharges explosion-proof lithium battery, and this lithium battery is more pacified in charging process Entirely, stably, can effectively prevent barrier film to be punctured, greatly reduce the probability that the battery explosion phenomenon caused by overcharging occurs.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:Originally overcharge explosion-proof lithium battery include it is closed Housing, positive pole and negative pole;It is stacked with Copper Foil, negative plate, barrier film, positive plate and aluminium foil successively from top to bottom in the housing; The Copper Foil is electrically connected with the negative pole, and the aluminium foil is electrically connected with the positive pole;It is closed in the housing to have electrolyte; Equidistant close-packed array has delivery hole on the negative plate, and the aperture direction of each delivery hole is vertical with the negative plate; Insulating barrier is scribbled on the internal perisporium of each delivery hole, is also coated with faced with the barrier film face of negative plate absolutely Edge layer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:When charging, lithium ion moves about to negative plate and forms lithium lithium battery through barrier film Atom;When lithium battery is overcharged, direction when excessive lithium atom can come along lithium ion on negative plate forms dendroid knot It is brilliant;In traditional lithium battery, the conducting surface of positive/negative plate is faced, therefore the vertical sensing of ingotism that negative plate is produced Positive plate, the positive/negative plate directly contact that barrier film is easily punctured and made by the ingotism causes short circuit;Compared to traditional Lithium battery, the present invention in charging process, lithium ion leaves from positive plate, through barrier film after along the delivery hole reach negative plate The back side, lithium atom layer formed by the swimming direction of the lithium ion of delivery hole parallel to negative plate, on negative plate concentrate on and bear Between pole plate and Copper Foil;Therefore in over-charging of battery, the ingotism by along the direction parallel with negative plate in negative pole Grown between plate and Copper Foil, effectively prevent ingotism from puncturing barrier film, and then prevent positive/negative plate short circuit.
Manufacture craft of the present invention is simple, transformation is convenient, only need to be by negative plate punching and spray applied insulation in actual production ;The present invention solves the problems, such as that barrier film is destroyed cause short circuit from source, with security higher.
Preferably, it is raised that corrugated is carved with relative with a Copper Foil face of the negative plate;In order to increase The surface area of negative plate chemical reaction, so as to accelerate charge/discharge rates.
Used as further preferred, the position that each delivery hole the is opened up position raised with the corrugated is just right;Lithium from Son by flow to after delivery hole corrugated projection between recess, under over-charging of battery state, dendritic growth exists Recess, effectively prevents extruding, abrasion of the ingotism to aluminium foil.
Preferably, the copper foil surface each described delivery hole just to position at be fixed with hemispherical heat expansion Projection;When battery temperature is too high, each delivery hole is blocked in the volumetric expansion of each heat expansion projection, so as to block lithium ion It is travelling, make battery open circuit, and then prevent battery from being expanded because of overheat, exploded.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross section structure schematic diagram for originally overcharging explosion-proof lithium battery one embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the dimensional structure diagram of negative plate in embodiment illustrated in fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, originally overcharge explosion-proof lithium battery and include closed housing 1, positive pole and negative pole; Copper Foil 2, negative plate 3, barrier film 4, positive plate 5 and aluminium foil 6 are stacked with successively from top to bottom in the housing 1;The electricity of the Copper Foil 2 Property the connection negative pole, the aluminium foil 6 is electrically connected with the positive pole;It is closed in the housing 1 to have electrolyte;In the negative pole Equidistant close-packed array has delivery hole 31 on plate 3, and the aperture direction of each delivery hole 31 is vertical with the negative plate 3;Institute State and corrugated projection is carved with relative with Copper Foil 2 face of negative plate 3;The position that each delivery hole 31 is opened up with it is described The raised position of corrugated is just right;The surface of the Copper Foil 2 each described delivery hole 31 just to position at be further fixed in half Spherical heat expansion projection 21;Insulating barrier is scribbled on the internal perisporium of each delivery hole 31, in negative plate 3 and the barrier film 4 Insulating barrier is also coated with the face for facing.
When charging, lithium ion moves about to negative plate 3 and forms lithium atom lithium battery through barrier film 4;When lithium battery is by mistake When filling, direction when excessive lithium atom can come along lithium ion on negative plate 3 forms ingotism;Traditional lithium battery In, the conducting surface of positive/negative plate is faced, therefore the vertical sensing positive plate 5 of ingotism that negative plate 3 is produced, the branch The positive/negative plate directly contact that barrier film 4 is easily punctured and made by shape crystallization causes short circuit;Compared to traditional lithium battery, the present invention In charging process, lithium ion leaves from positive plate 5, through barrier film 4 after along the delivery hole 31 reach negative plate 3 the back side,
Moved about between corrugated projection along the raised cambered surface of the corrugated by the lithium ion after delivery hole 31 Recess, the lithium atom layer for now being formed on negative plate 3 is concentrated between negative plate 3 and Copper Foil 2;Therefore in over-charging of battery, The ingotism will grow between negative plate 3 and Copper Foil 2, effectively prevent ingotism from puncturing barrier film 4, and then prevent Positive/negative plate short circuit;And the ingotism focus mostly in corrugated projection between recess, as shown in Figure 1;Therefore Ingotism will not be extruded, wear and tear Copper Foil 2 so that structure of the invention is more stable.
Heat can be produced in battery charging and discharging, when the temperature of inside battery is higher, easily vaporizes electrolyte, caused The expansion of battery, blast, in the present embodiment, the surface of the Copper Foil 2 each described delivery hole 31 just to position at be fixed with Hemispherical heat expansion projection 21, heat expansion projection 21 will gradually expand with the rising of temperature, when the temperature of inside battery is too high When, heat expansion projection 21 can block each delivery hole 31 because volumetric expansion is excessive, and then block the movement of lithium ion so that Lithium battery open circuit, so as to play battery protection function.
Reforming technology of the present invention is simple, solves the problems, such as that barrier film 4 is destroyed from source and causes short circuit, with peace higher Quan Xing, while having overheat short-circuit function, substantially increases the safety in utilization of lithium battery.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all it is of the invention spirit and Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of lithium battery overcharges explosion-proof method, the lithium battery to overcharge explosion-proof lithium battery, include closed housing (1), Positive pole and negative pole;Copper Foil (2), negative plate (3), barrier film (4), positive plate are stacked with successively from top to bottom in the housing (1) And aluminium foil (6) (5);The Copper Foil (2) is electrically connected with the negative pole, and the aluminium foil (6) is electrically connected with the positive pole;In the shell It is closed in body (1) to have electrolyte;It is characterized in that:Equidistant close-packed array has delivery hole (31) on the negative plate (3), respectively The aperture direction of the delivery hole (31) is vertical with the negative plate (3);Scribbled on the internal perisporium of each delivery hole (31) Insulating barrier, insulating barrier is also coated with the face faced with the barrier film (4) of negative plate (3);
Corrugated is carved with a face relative with Copper Foil (2) of the negative plate (3) raised;
The position that each delivery hole (31) the opens up position raised with the corrugated is just right;
The Copper Foil (2) surface each described delivery hole (31) just to position at be fixed with hemispherical heat expansion projection (21);
Overcharge explosion-proof method as follows:When charging, lithium ion moves about to negative plate (3) place and forms lithium lithium battery through barrier film (4) Atom;When lithium battery is overcharged, direction when excessive lithium atom can come along lithium ion on negative plate (3) forms dendroid Crystallization;In traditional lithium battery, the conducting surface of positive/negative plate is faced, therefore the ingotism that negative plate 3 is produced is vertical Positive plate (5) is pointed to, the positive/negative plate directly contact that barrier film (4) is punctured and made easily is caused short circuit by the ingotism;Phase Compared with traditional lithium battery, in charging process, lithium ion leaves the present invention from positive plate (5), through barrier film (4) after along described Delivery hole (31) reaches the back side of negative plate (3);
Move about recessed between raised to corrugated along the raised cambered surface of the corrugated by the lithium ion after delivery hole (31) Place is fallen into, the lithium atom layer for now being formed on negative plate (3) is concentrated between negative plate (3) and Copper Foil (2);Therefore in over-charging of battery When, the ingotism will grow between negative plate (3) and Copper Foil (2), effectively prevent ingotism from puncturing barrier film (4), so prevent positive/negative plate short circuit;And the ingotism focus mostly in corrugated projection between recess, because This ingotism will not be extruded, the Copper Foil that weares and teares (2) so that structure of the invention is more stable;
Heat can be produced in battery charging and discharging, when the temperature of inside battery is higher, easily vaporizes electrolyte, cause battery Expansion, blast, the Copper Foil (2) surface each described delivery hole (31) just to position at be fixed with hemispherical heat Swollen projection (21), heat expansion projection (21) will gradually expand with the rising of temperature, and when the temperature of inside battery is too high, heat expansion is convex Block (21) can block each delivery hole (31) because volumetric expansion is excessive, and then block the movement of lithium ion so that lithium electricity Pond open circuit, so as to play battery protection function.
CN201510406558.4A 2015-07-12 2015-07-12 Overcharge explosion-proof lithium battery Active CN104953165B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN104953165B true CN104953165B (en) 2017-05-31

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11168883B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2021-11-09 Rosemount Aerospace Inc. Flame arrestor with fluid drainage capabilities
CN109391008A (en) * 2018-11-20 2019-02-26 漳州高新区远见产业技术研究有限公司 It is a kind of with the cellular li-ion battery for preventing from overcharging
CN110718697A (en) * 2019-09-24 2020-01-21 厦门翔澧工业设计有限公司 Chemical battery/capacitor for inhibiting self-discharge

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JP3838878B2 (en) * 2000-04-28 2006-10-25 松下電器産業株式会社 Battery electrode plate and manufacturing method thereof
CN201233936Y (en) * 2008-04-26 2009-05-06 比亚迪股份有限公司 Battery electric core and battery comprising the electric core
CN102394279A (en) * 2011-09-26 2012-03-28 余建岳 Charging explosion-proof temperature control lithium ion battery
CN204793058U (en) * 2015-07-12 2015-11-18 陈卡丹 Cross and fill explosion -proof lithium cell

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Inventor after: Li Qinqin

Inventor before: Chen Kadan

COR Change of bibliographic data
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Effective date of registration: 20170117

Address after: 510665 Guangdong city of Guangzhou province Tianhe District Software Park Building No. 59 Middle East block, Grand Building Room 501

Applicant after: GUANGDONG WANNIU INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION CO.,LTD.

Address before: 3 groups of Zeya town Ouhai District Sanyang village 325023 Zhejiang city of Wenzhou Province

Applicant before: Chen Kadan

CB03 Change of inventor or designer information

Inventor after: Gong Huan

Inventor after: Jiang Xinhua

Inventor after: Qu Xiaohui

Inventor before: Li Qinqin

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Effective date of registration: 20170410

Address after: 523000 Guangdong city of Dongguan province Sima Changping Zhen Sima Cun Huang Ni Tian Congnan Industrial Development Zone North Second Building

Applicant after: DONGGUAN SHENGLI ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 510665 Guangdong city of Guangzhou province Tianhe District Software Park Building No. 59 Middle East block, Grand Building Room 501

Applicant before: GUANGDONG WANNIU INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION CO.,LTD.

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Patentee after: Guangdong Shengli High tech Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 523000 Building 2, Sima huangnitian, Industrial Development Zone, Sima village, Changping Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province

Patentee before: DONGGUAN SHENGLI ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.