CN104948581A - 用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承 - Google Patents

用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承 Download PDF

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CN104948581A
CN104948581A CN201510306501.7A CN201510306501A CN104948581A CN 104948581 A CN104948581 A CN 104948581A CN 201510306501 A CN201510306501 A CN 201510306501A CN 104948581 A CN104948581 A CN 104948581A
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ring
electromagnetic coil
piezoelectric constant
ball bearing
outer ring
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孙美娜
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00—Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/001—Integrated brakes or clutches for stopping or coupling the relatively movable parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/30—Electric properties; Magnetic properties
    • F16C2202/36—Piezoelectric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C23/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for aligning or positioning
    • F16C23/06—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C23/08—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting
    • F16C23/082—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting by means of at least one substantially spherical surface
    • F16C23/086—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting by means of at least one substantially spherical surface forming a track for rolling elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/02—General use or purpose, i.e. no use, purpose, special adaptation or modification indicated or a wide variety of uses mentioned
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C27/00—Elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C27/04—Ball or roller bearings, e.g. with resilient rolling bodies
    • F16C27/045—Ball or roller bearings, e.g. with resilient rolling bodies with a fluid film, e.g. squeeze film damping

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承。主要用在小负载的情况下，来调节机构运行在一个周期内的速度分布情况。该装置包括外圈、滚动体、保持架、内圈、磁流变液、隔离圈、电磁线圈、压电陶瓷、绝缘体。所述的外圈内壁开有两个环形凹槽，所述的一个环形凹槽绕有电磁线圈，另一个安装压电陶瓷，并且用绝缘体将外圈与压电陶瓷隔离；所述的内圈、外圈和隔离圈形成一个密封腔体，磁流变液密封在其中，并且用隔离圈将其与电磁线圈隔离；所述的内圈外壁设有一个非环形小凸台，安装使得小凸台在装有压电陶瓷的环形凹槽中做周期运动；所述的电磁线圈与压电陶瓷之间开有一个通道，用于将压电陶瓷正负极与电磁线圈两端导通。

Description

用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及调心球轴承，尤其是涉及用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承。
背景技术
随着科学技术的不断进步，机械设备的效率问题成为界内的讨论热点，特别是在许多以生产为主中小型企业中，量的概念显得非常重要，在这种情况下，他们投入了一定的成本用于提高机器运行效率，然而，有些改良后的机器的内部结构比较复杂，或者外部附加用于调速的各种各样的液压、气压系统。如果有一套装置，在不改变机器原来的机械结构或者不附加外部的调速液压、气压系统的情况下，仅仅更换机器内部的一个零件就能达到提高效率的目标，这将给我们国家的中小型企业带来巨大的经济利益，本发明为了实现这一目标，把磁流变液和压电陶瓷这两种智能材料结合在一起，利用压电陶瓷的正压电效应产生的电能用于磁流变液产生流变效应来改变机器在一周期内某一时间段的速度。并且从理论上讲，整个装置具有反应快速、连续、可逆、剪切屈服应力高、耗能低等特点。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承。
为了有效的实现如上所述的功能，本发明是按如下方式来实现的：该装置主要是由外圈，滚动体，保持架，内圈，磁流变液，隔离圈，电磁线圈，压电陶瓷，绝缘体组成。外圈内壁开有两个环形凹槽，其中一个环形凹槽绕有电磁线圈，另一个环形凹槽安装压电陶瓷，并且用绝缘体将外圈与压电陶瓷隔离；内圈、外圈和隔离圈形成一个密封腔体，磁流变液密封在其中，并且用隔离圈将磁流变液与电磁线圈隔离；内圈外壁设有一个非环形小凸台，安装使得小凸台在装有压电陶瓷的环形凹槽中做周期运动，并且保证在一个运动周期内小凸台与压电陶瓷碰撞一次；电磁线圈与压电陶瓷之间开有一个通道，并用两根导线将压电陶瓷正负极与电磁线圈两端导通。
当外部原动力激励机器运行，推动轴承转动，在轴承转动的一个周期内，内圈外壁上的小凸台与压电陶瓷发生碰撞，使得压电陶瓷发生机械变形，在压电陶瓷两级产生电压，通过导线使得电磁线圈通电，在其周围产生磁场，使得磁流变液发生流变现象，产生一定的剪切屈服应力，该剪切屈服应力对整个装置的运行起到了一个阻尼力的作用，最终来调节装置在一个周期内速度的变化。
本发明所述的用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承的积极效果在于：把磁流变液和压电陶瓷这两种智能材料结合在一起，利用压电陶瓷的正压电效应产生的电能用于磁流变液产生流变效应来改变机器在一周期内某一时间段的速度。并且从理论上讲，整个装置具有反应快速、连续、可逆、剪切屈服应力高、耗能低等特点。
图1为本发明用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承的结构原理示意图。
图2为本发明用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承的轴向剖视图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步详细说明。
结合图1和图2，本发明用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承，该装置主要是由外圈1、滚动体2、保持架3、内圈4、磁流变液5、隔离圈6、电磁线圈7、压电陶瓷11、绝缘体12组成。外圈1内壁开有两个环形凹槽，其中一个环形凹槽绕有电磁线圈7，另一个环形凹槽10安装压电陶瓷11，并且用绝缘体12将外圈1与压电陶瓷11隔离；内圈1、外圈4和隔离圈6形成一个密封腔体，磁流变液5密封在其中，并且用隔离圈6将磁流变液5与电磁线圈7隔离；如图2所示，内圈4外壁设有一个非环形小凸台9，安装使得小凸台9在装有压电陶瓷11的环形凹槽10中做周期运动，并且保证在一个运动周期内小凸台9与压电陶瓷11碰撞一次；电磁线圈7与压电陶瓷11之间开有一个通道13，并用两根导线将压电陶瓷11正负极与电磁线圈7两端导通。
该装置把磁流变液5和压电陶瓷11这两种智能材料结合在一起，利用压电陶瓷11的正压电效应产生的电能用于磁流变液5产生流变效应来改变机器在一周期内某一时间段的速度。并且从理论上讲，整个装置具有反应快速、连续、可逆、剪切屈服应力高、耗能低等特点。
当外部原动力激励机器运行，推动轴承转动，在轴承转动的一个周期内，内圈4外壁上的小凸台9与压电陶瓷11发生碰撞，使得压电陶瓷11发生机械变形，在压电陶瓷11两级产生电压，通过导线使得电磁线圈7通电，在其周围产生磁场8，使得磁流变液5发生流变现象，产生一定的剪切屈服应力，该剪切屈服应力对整个装置的运行起到了一个阻尼力的作用，最终来调节装置在一个周期内速度的变化。

Claims (1)

1.用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承，该装置主要是由外圈、滚动体、保持架、内圈、磁流变液、隔离圈、电磁线圈、压电陶瓷、绝缘体组成；其特征在于：所述的外圈(1)内壁开有两个环形凹槽，所述的一个环形凹槽绕有电磁线圈(7)，另一个环形凹槽(10)安装压电陶瓷(11)，并且用绝缘体(12)将外圈(1)与压电陶瓷(11)隔离；所述的内圈(4)、外圈(1)和隔离圈(6)形成一个密封腔体，磁流变液(5)密封在其中，并且用隔离圈(6)将其与电磁线圈(7)隔离；所述的内圈(4)外壁设有一个非环形小凸台(9)，安装使得小凸台(9)在装有压电陶瓷(11)的环形凹槽(10)中做周期运动，并且保证在一个运动周期内小凸台(9)与压电陶瓷(11)碰撞一次；所述的电磁线圈(7)与压电陶瓷(11)之间开有一个通道(13)，并用两根导线将压电陶瓷(11)正负极与电磁线圈(7)两端导通。
CN201510306501.7A 2015-06-02 2015-06-02 用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承 Pending CN104948581A (zh)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09215256A (ja) * 1996-02-07 1997-08-15 Hitachi Ltd 鉄道車両用駆動装置に設置される電動機、並びにその電動機の軸受装置
CN202402552U (zh) * 2011-12-12 2012-08-29 嘉兴学院 自供电磁流变减振器及其控制系统
CN204099410U (zh) * 2014-10-12 2015-01-14 张广 一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的圆柱滚子轴承
CN204099405U (zh) * 2014-10-12 2015-01-14 浙江师范大学 一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的推力球轴承
CN204140648U (zh) * 2014-10-12 2015-02-04 浙江师范大学 一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的深沟球轴承
CN204805331U (zh) * 2015-06-02 2015-11-25 孙美娜 用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09215256A (ja) * 1996-02-07 1997-08-15 Hitachi Ltd 鉄道車両用駆動装置に設置される電動機、並びにその電動機の軸受装置
CN202402552U (zh) * 2011-12-12 2012-08-29 嘉兴学院 自供电磁流变减振器及其控制系统
CN204099410U (zh) * 2014-10-12 2015-01-14 张广 一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的圆柱滚子轴承
CN204099405U (zh) * 2014-10-12 2015-01-14 浙江师范大学 一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的推力球轴承
CN204140648U (zh) * 2014-10-12 2015-02-04 浙江师范大学 一种基于磁流变效应的具有集成阻尼器的深沟球轴承
CN204805331U (zh) * 2015-06-02 2015-11-25 孙美娜 用于小负载的具有集成变速功能的调心球轴承

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