CN104948155A - Electrical simulation experiment method for staged-fracturing capacity of horizontal well - Google Patents
Electrical simulation experiment method for staged-fracturing capacity of horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electrical simulation experiment method for staged-fracturing capacity of a horizontal well. The method includes step 1, arranging conductive metal nets on two corresponding sides of an electrolytic tank according to to-be-simulated sand body distribution characteristics and flow boundary types of oil and gas reservoirs, preparing electrolyte solution with corresponding concentration according to stratum permeability, determining the height of the electrolyte solution in the electrolytic tank according to a stratum thickness value, and setting the corresponding position of a metal tube in the electrolyte solution according to the position of the horizontal well in a sand body; step 2, determining the sizes of the metal tube and a copper mesh and the relative positions of the metal tube and the copper mesh according to a shaft length value, a fracture height value, a fracture length value, the number of fracture stages, the number of fractures and a fracture gap value; step 3, switching on a power source to form a voltage value between the conductive metal nets; step 4, collecting current signals to determine the capacity. The electrical simulation experiment method has the advantage that influences of various parameters of fractured well completion of the horizontal well on the capacity can be simulated accurately.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil-gas field development technical field, be specifically related to a kind of staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method.
Background technology
Increasing sharply of domestic and international each major oil and gas field horizontal well quantity, for the horizontal well under different completion mode, particularly also numerous with formation technology with the research method of the recovery process of staged fracturing mode completion, mainly economics analysis computational methods and method for numerical simulation.For economics analysis method, the theoretical formula desired parameters of calculated level well capacity or productivity of fractured horizontal well is many and amount of calculation large, is subject to a definite limitation in actual filed application.For method for numerical simulation, due to, Mathematical process complexity large to the crack modeling difficulty of different shape and yardstick, not yet form ripe method for numerical simulation at present.
Can dummy level well capacity quickly and easily by electrical simulation experiment, can pressure field distribution situation around dummy level well shaft, available current density ratio represents the size of productivity of fractured horizontal well simultaneously, for the research of prediction level well productivity of fractured provides a kind of new method and contrast foundation.
Electrical simulation experiment is carried out for the application water power principle of similitude, numerous scholar has carried out multinomial technical research and test at present, but can not the actual conditions of accurately Simulated Water horizontal well, the difficulty of horizontal well completion construction can not be reduced equally, especially the difficulty of FRACTURING DESIGN and construction, the production capacity after fractured horizontal well can not be made to maximize, thus be unfavorable for the utilization rate of oil-gas reservoir.Therefore, a kind of staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method of improve the standard well well completion design and efficiency of construction is badly in need of.It should be noted that the present patent application is the experimental technique that the basis of electric analogy testing device disclosed in granted patent CN201120266884 based on applicant is made.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned problem, the present invention proposes a kind of staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method.This staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method can the parameters of accurate analog horizontal well fracturing completion on the impact of production capacity, thus the efficiency of improve the standard well well completion design and construction.
According to an aspect of the present invention, propose a kind of staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method, comprise the following steps: step 1: according to the conductive metal mesh of the corresponding both sides of the flow boundary kind of arrangements electrolytic cell of the sandbody distribution feature that will simulate, oil-gas reservoir, according to the electrolyte solution of stratum permeability preparation respective concentration, the height of layer thickness value determination electrolyte solution in base area in electrolytic cell, arranges the correspondence position of metal tube in electrolyte solution according to the position of horizontal well in sand body; Step 2: according to the length value of the height value of pit shaft length value, pressure-break, pressure-break, pressure break hop count, the number of pressure-break and the distance values of pressure-break, determine the size of metal tube and copper mesh sheet and the relative position between described metal tube and described copper mesh sheet; Step 3: switch on power, with coating-forming voltage value between conductive metal mesh; Step 4: gather current signal, to determine the size of production capacity.
By staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method of the present invention can the parameters of accurate analog horizontal well fracturing completion on the impact of production capacity, and the optimal value of parameters can be obtained according to actual job situation, thus improve the effect of horizontal well completion design and construction, be beneficial to oil-gas reservoir high-efficiency mining.
In one embodiment, change the height of electrolyte solution in step 1, with layer thickness value definitely on the impact of production capacity.Different formation thickness values can be simulated thus, improve the versatility of this electric simulation experiment device.
In one embodiment, the concentration value of electrolyte solution in step 1 is changed, to determine the impact of stratum permeability on production capacity.The impact of Different Strata permeability on horizontal productivity can be simulated thus.
In one embodiment, the angle between copper mesh sheet and metal tube in step 2 is changed, to determine the impact of the angle between pressure-break and pit shaft on production capacity.The optimal value of the angle between pressure-break and pit shaft can be determined thus.
In one embodiment, height and the length of copper mesh sheet in step 2 is changed, to determine that pressure-break height value and pressure-break length value are on the impact of production capacity.The optimal value of pressure-break height and pressure-break length can be determined thus.
In one embodiment, the distance between copper mesh sheet in step 2 is changed, to determine the impact of pressure-break distance values on production capacity.Thus determine the optimal value of pressure-break spacing.
In one embodiment, the quantity of copper mesh sheet in step 2 is changed, to determine the impact of pressure-break number on production capacity.Thus determine the optimal value of pressure-break number.
In one embodiment, change magnitude of voltage in step 3, with lamination force value definitely on the impact of production capacity.Thus Different Strata pressure can be simulated, improve the versatility of this electric simulation experiment device.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that, any one parameter in magnitude of voltage, electrolyte height value, pressure-break distance values, pressure-break length value and pressure-break width value between the conductive metal mesh of change electrolytic cell both sides, by gathering current signal, obtain the optimal value of this parameter, thus provide reference for the design of these parameters in horizontal well completion design and construction process, be beneficial to the abundant exploitation of oil-gas reservoir.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Also will be described in more detail the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing based on embodiment hereinafter.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the pressure-break layout schematic diagram of staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the pressure-break layout schematic diagram of staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the pressure-break layout schematic diagram of staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 arranges schematic diagram according to the pressure-break of the staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method of another preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is current vs's schematic diagram of the different magnitudes of voltage of staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings, identical component is indicated by identical Reference numeral.Accompanying drawing is not according to the scale of reality.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
The staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method that the present invention proposes can realize the accurate analog to the construction of real standard well pressure break completion, thus the parameters can studied under actual job environment is on the impact of production capacity after pressure break, thus the optimal value of parameters can be determined.Each step of electrical simulation experiment method of the present invention will be described in detail belows.
It should be noted that, electrical simulation experiment method provided by the present invention is a kind of three-dimensional electric analog experiment device of horizontal well exploitation based on applicant application in 2011.
Electric field and seepage field have good similitude, and they all meet Laplace's equation.Production capacity size after formation breakdown can be reflected by size of current.
In horizontal well completion work progress, after likely affecting staged fracturing of horizontal well, the parameter of production capacity comprises: formation thickness, stratum permeability, strata pressure, pressure-break length, pressure-break height, pressure-break spacing, pressure-break number, horizontal well number, pit shaft length, the mutual combination between the angle of crack and pit shaft and above-mentioned parameter.
Comprise the following steps in the staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method of being undertaken by three-dimensional electric analog experiment device of horizontal well exploitation: step 1: according to the sandbody distribution feature that will simulate, the conductive metal mesh of the corresponding both sides of flow boundary kind of arrangements electrolytic cell of oil-gas reservoir, to design square electrolytic cell, if oil-gas reservoir is only mobility border in a direction, then only arrange conductive metal mesh to simulate in electrolytic cell one group of respective side, if oil-gas reservoir is all flow boundary in both direction, then arrange conductive metal mesh respectively to simulate in two groups of respective side of electrolytic cell.According to the electrolyte solution of stratum permeability preparation respective concentration, the electrolyte solution that the employing concentration that permeability is high is higher, the electrolyte solution that the employing concentration that permeability is low is lower, such as, can adopt salt solution or copper-bath.The height of layer thickness value determination electrolyte solution in base area in electrolytic cell, arranges the correspondence position of metal tube in electrolyte solution according to the position of horizontal well in sand body.The method that the height of electrolyte solution and the metal tube correspondence position cardinal principle adoption rate in electrolyte solution reduces.The formation thickness such as will simulated is 150m, and sand body size (long × wide × high) 1200m × 600m × 150m, in the ratio of 1:1000, the height of electrolyte solution in electrolytic cell can be 15cm.
Step 2: according to the length value of the height value of pit shaft length value, pressure-break, pressure-break, pressure break hop count, the number of pressure-break and the distance values of pressure-break, determine the size of metal tube 10 and copper mesh sheet 20 and the relative position between metal tube 10 and copper mesh sheet 20, as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3.It should be noted that, in the present invention, the pit shaft of indication refers to the horizontal segment of horizontal well.The length of metal tube 10 is determined by pit shaft length value, the height value of pressure-break (when copper mesh sheet 20 is vertical with metal tube 10 as shown in Figure 1 determines the width value of copper mesh sheet 20 and length value with length value, copper mesh sheet 20 is of a size of height along vertical metal pipe 10 direction, vertical curve direction, copper mesh sheet 20 is of a size of length perpendicular to metal tube 10 direction in the horizontal direction).The determination of the size of metal tube 10 and copper mesh sheet and the relative position between metal tube 10 and copper mesh sheet also can the method that reduces of adoption rate.Also can in the ratio of 1:1000, the length value of copper mesh sheet 20 and width value can suitably reduce.
Step 3: switch on power, with coating-forming voltage value between conductive metal mesh.
Step 4: gather current signal, to simulate the size of production capacity.
Thus can the parameters of accurate analog horizontal well fracturing completion on the impact of production capacity, and the optimal value of parameters can be obtained according to actual job situation, thus improve the effect of horizontal well completion design and construction, be beneficial to oil-gas reservoir high-efficiency mining.
As preferred embodiment, change the height of electrolyte solution in step 1, with layer thickness value definitely on the impact of production capacity.Different formation thickness values can be simulated thus, improve the versatility of this electric simulation experiment device.
In one embodiment, the concentration value of electrolyte solution in step 1 is changed, to determine the impact of stratum permeability on production capacity.The impact of Different Strata permeability on horizontal productivity can be simulated thus.
Alternatively, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 4, the angle between copper mesh sheet 20 and metal tube 10 in step 2 is changed, to determine that between pressure-break 20 and pit shaft 10, angle is on the impact of production capacity.The optimal value of angle between pressure-break 20 and pit shaft 10 can be determined thus.
Alternatively, height and the length of copper mesh sheet 20 in step 2 is changed, to determine that pressure-break height value and pressure-break length value are on the impact of production capacity.The optimal value of pressure-break height and pressure-break length can be determined thus.
In a preferred embodiment, the distance between copper mesh sheet 20 in step 2 is changed, to determine the impact of pressure-break distance values on production capacity.Thus determine the optimal value of pressure-break spacing.
In addition, the quantity of copper mesh sheet 20 in step 2 is changed, to determine the impact of pressure-break number on production capacity.Thus determine the optimal value of pressure-break number.
Further, change magnitude of voltage in step 3, with lamination force value definitely on the impact of production capacity.Thus Different Strata pressure can be simulated, improve the versatility of this electric simulation experiment device.
The determination of the optimal value of parameters is described below by specific experiment example.
With certain fluvial facies deposit sand body for research object, being parallel to pit shaft direction is constant-pressure boundary, and be closed boundary perpendicular to pit shaft direction, namely the direction of horizontal well pit shaft is perpendicular to closed boundary.Design parameter is arranged and analog result is:
Experiment one is four crack forms and position versus simulated experiment as shown in Figures 1 to 4
Experiment condition:
1) metal tube 10 pipe range: 140cm, 1400 meters, dummy level pit shaft;
2) each two of copper mesh leaf length 20cm and 40cm, is respectively length longer copper mesh sheet 20 and the shorter copper mesh sheet 30 of length, long 200m and 400m of simulation fracture half;
3) copper mesh sheet number: 4, simulation fracturing fracture number 4;
4) copper mesh sheet spacing: 25cm, simulation fracture spacing 250m;
5) copper netting width 5cm, simulation fracture height 50m;
6) copper mesh sheet and metal tube angle: 90 ° and 45 °, simulation fracture and pit shaft angle: 90 ° (as shown in Figure 1) and 45 ° (as shown in Figure 2);
7) electrolyte thickness 30cm, simulated formation thickness 30m;
8) voltage: 1.38V;
9) 0.1% salt solution;
Four crack contrast experiments are respectively: 1. two longer copper mesh sheets 20 of length are positioned at the two ends of metal tube 10, and two shorter copper mesh sheets 30 of length are positioned at the middle part of metal tube 10, and copper mesh sheet is all perpendicular to metal tube 10, and namely crack is perpendicular to pit shaft, see Fig. 1; 2. two longer copper mesh sheets 20 of length are positioned at the two ends of metal tube 10, and two shorter copper mesh sheets 30 of length are positioned at the middle part of metal tube 10, copper mesh sheet with and metal tube angle 45 °, namely the angle of crack and pit shaft is 45 °, shown in Figure 2; 3. two shorter copper mesh sheets 30 of length are positioned at the two ends of metal tube 10, and two longer copper mesh sheets 20 of length are positioned at the middle part of metal tube 10, and copper mesh sheet is all perpendicular to metal tube 10, shown in Figure 3; 4. four copper mesh sheets (comprising two length shorter copper mesh sheets 30 and two longer copper mesh sheets 20 of length) are all parallel to metal tube 10, and namely four cracks are all parallel to pit shaft, shown in Figure 4.
Four kinds of situation experimental results are: the electric current of four groups of experiment correspondences is respectively 0.032A, 0.028A, 0.0144A and 0.02A, illustrate and deposit in case at multiple cracking, the electric current exported during the middle part of the crack longer than length at pit shaft two ends, the crack that length is longer at pit shaft is comparatively large, and namely output is high.And crack and pit shaft angle when being 45 ° output minimum, the result display of the 4th group of experiment is parallel be pit shaft crack on the impact of production capacity between perpendicular to pit shaft crack and and pit shaft be between the crack of 45 °.
Experiment two, Number of Fractures and spacing Optimal Experimental
Experiment condition:
1) metal tube pipe range: 140cm, 1400 meters, dummy level pit shaft
2) copper mesh sheet number: 4 ~ 11, simulation pressure break hop count 4 ~ 11 sections
3) copper mesh leaf length: 40cm, simulation fracture length 150m
4) copper mesh sheet spacing 11.7 ~ 28cm, simulation fracture spacing 117m ~ 280m
5) copper netting width 7cm, simulation fracture height 40m
6) electrolyte solution height 30cm, simulated formation thickness 30m
7) voltage: 3.25V, 4.18V;
8) 0.1% salt solution.
By setting voltage 3.25V and 4.18V, electric current when testing 4 ~ 11 crack respectively, as shown in Figure 5, after two voltage conditions all reflect that Number of Fractures reaches 9, electric current increasing degree slows down, and namely under these experimental conditions, 9 cracks are more rational.Being applied to actual formation situation is, when horizontal well pit shaft is 1400m, Number of Fractures 9, fracture interval is 140m is best.
Experiment three, formation thickness impact experiment
Adopt the experiment condition of experiment one, change the height of electrolyte solution, layer thickness (see table 1) accordingly, observation experiment curent change situation, as can be seen from the table, along with the minimizing of electrolyte solution height, output current reduces.Explanatorily layer thickness is the key factor affecting production capacity effect.
Table 1
| Electrolyte solution height, cm | 300 | 250 | 200 |
| Electric current, A | 0.63 | 0.56 | 0.48 |
Although invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiment, without departing from the scope of the invention, various improvement can be carried out to it and parts wherein can be replaced with equivalent.The present invention is not limited to specific embodiment disclosed in literary composition, but comprises all technical schemes fallen in the scope of claim.
Claims (8)
1. a staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: according to the conductive metal mesh of the corresponding both sides of the flow boundary kind of arrangements electrolytic cell of the sandbody distribution feature that will simulate, oil-gas reservoir, according to the electrolyte solution of stratum permeability preparation respective concentration, base area layer thickness value determines the height of described electrolyte solution in electrolytic cell, arranges the correspondence position of metal tube in described electrolyte solution according to the position of horizontal well in sand body;
Step 2: according to the length value of the height value of pit shaft length value, pressure-break, pressure-break, pressure break hop count, the number of pressure-break and the distance values of pressure-break, determine the size of metal tube and copper mesh sheet and the relative position between described metal tube and described copper mesh sheet;
Step 3: switch on power, with coating-forming voltage value between described conductive metal mesh;
Step 4: gather current signal, to determine the size of production capacity.
2. staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, changes the height of electrolyte solution described in step 1, to determine that described formation thickness value is on the impact of production capacity.
3. staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electric analogue testing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, changes the concentration value of electrolyte solution described in step 1, to determine the impact of described stratum permeability on production capacity.
4. staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, changes the angle between copper mesh sheet and described metal tube described in step 2, to determine the impact of the angle between described pressure-break and described pit shaft on production capacity.
5. staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, changes height and the length of copper mesh sheet described in step 2, to determine that described pressure-break height value and described pressure-break length value are on the impact of production capacity.
6. staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, changes the distance between copper mesh sheet described in step 2, to determine that described pressure-break distance values is on the impact of production capacity.
7. staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, changes the quantity of copper mesh sheet described in step 2, to determine that described pressure-break number is on the impact of production capacity.
8. staged fracturing of horizontal well production capacity electrical simulation experiment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, changes magnitude of voltage described in step 3, to determine that described strata pressure value is on the impact of production capacity.
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| CN105422071A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-23 | 西南石油大学 | Method for evaluating rationality of low-permeability non-homogeneous gas reservoir fracturing horizontal well fracture parameters |
| CN106442257A (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-02-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Novel ionic liquid based complex structural well seepage electric simulation system |
| CN107227952A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-10-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of crack induction logging response tank analogue means |
| CN109281644A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-01-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of induction logging board slit simulation apparatus |
| CN112343572A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-09 | 长江大学 | Production simulation collection system that carbonate rock reservoir acidizing fracturing was reformed transform |
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| CN112343572A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-09 | 长江大学 | Production simulation collection system that carbonate rock reservoir acidizing fracturing was reformed transform |
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