CN104948143B - The recovery method and its quarrying apparatus of a kind of submarine surface gas hydrates - Google Patents
The recovery method and its quarrying apparatus of a kind of submarine surface gas hydrates Download PDFInfo
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- CN104948143B CN104948143B CN201510324134.3A CN201510324134A CN104948143B CN 104948143 B CN104948143 B CN 104948143B CN 201510324134 A CN201510324134 A CN 201510324134A CN 104948143 B CN104948143 B CN 104948143B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the recovery method and its quarrying apparatus of a kind of submarine surface gas hydrates for natural gas extraction field.It overcomes in exploitation at present that reagent is expensive, instrument and equipment is complicated, lifting needs to consume big energy and lifting is related to the problem of the Three-phase Flow of complexity.Its technical scheme：The development device on mining vehicle is first started, cutting head cutting submarine surface gas hydrates are driven；Then gas hydrate slurry is sucked in particle device for thinning by delivery pipe B, then right transfer chamber is pumped into suction pump；Start control centre, Gu gas three-phase hydrate enters right heating chamber, trigger sensor B starts, and microwave tube heating, gas hydrate dissociation, natural gas is collected through appendix by the gas collecting apparatus on workboat；Water and sandstone enter seabed by waste pipe.This recovery method principle is simple, practical, can conveniently realize the continuous exploitation of gas hydrates；This quarrying apparatus simple structure, less energy consumption, for sea bed gas hydrate exploitation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of submarine surface gas hydrates for natural gas extraction field recovery method and its
Quarrying apparatus.
Background technology
Gas hydrates are the white knots formed under the conditions of cryogenic high pressure by water and gas molecule (based on methane)
Crystalline solid material.1m3The energy equivalence that gas hydrates are contained is in 164m3The calorific value of natural gas.Gas hydrates are main
Land permafrost and deep-sea marine site are distributed in, the reserves of its mesopelagic (200 meter Dao1000 meter Shui Shen) Gas Hydrate In Sea Areas are approximately 100 times of land, are
2 times of global other fossil fuel reserves.Therefore, gas hydrates are considered as most have distant view, new and net future
Clean property takes over the energy.
The mining type of current exploitation of gas hydrate is a lot, and the first kind is by changing its physical chemistry for being formed
Matter decomposes it, so as to realize the exploitation of gas hydrates.Such as depressurize method, and thermostimulation method, chemical-agent technique, carbon dioxide is put
Change method.These mining types are suitable for hydrate surface hard frozen soil layer, by drilling well, then realizes opening in pit shaft
Adopt.Equations of The Second Kind is that seabed is in solid form exploited gas hydrates using machinery in deep-sea, recycles seabed Ji Kuang
System carries out preliminary separation to the hydrate on top layer, and hydrate lifting then is arrived into sea level using hydraulic lift system.
For this two classes method exploitation of gas hydrate, it is faced with that instrument and equipment is complicated, reagent is expensive mostly, carries
Rising needs the problems such as consuming big energy, and especially Equations of The Second Kind recovery method is complicated during also needing to solve lifting hydrate
Three-phase Flow problem.And the first kind is suitable only for hydrate upper strata has the mineral reserve of good nondecomposable coating, so
And the gas hydrates on the non-diagenesis stratum of deep-sea shallow-layer are formed at submarine surface, therefore the first kind is not suitable for submarine surface
Exploitation of gas hydrates.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is：In order to overcome in exploitation at present, reagent is expensive, instrument and equipment is complicated and lifting is needed
Consume big energy, and the process of lifting hydrate, the problems such as be related to the Three-phase Flow of complexity, spy proposes a kind of submarine surface
The recovery method and its quarrying apparatus of gas hydrates.
To achieve these goals, the present invention uses following technical scheme：A kind of submarine surface gas hydrates are opened
Mining method, comprises the following steps：The development device on mining vehicle is first started, drive is fixed on the cutting head of digging arm one end, cuts
Head cutting submarine surface gas hydrates are cut, the digging arm other end is fixed on rotation platform the work side for controlling cutting head
Position；Then the submarine surface gas hydrate slurry of above-mentioned cutting is sucked by particle device for thinning with suction nozzle by transfer pipeline B
It is interior, then the right transfer chamber in the gas hydrate dissociation device being pumped on mining vehicle with suction pump；Thereafter start in controlling
The heart sends signal to control valve A, and control valve A is opened, and solid-liquid-gas three phase hydrate flows through control valve A and enters right heating chamber；On the right side
The hole that heating chamber seawater is flowed through on isolated at suction device enters marine, and solid natural gas hydrate is kept off by mesh and is stored in right heating chamber
In, submarine surface gas hydrates are constantly gathered with cutting head, the solid natural gas hydrate in right heating chamber reaches
Predetermined accumulation, trigger sensor B sends signal to control valve A and control valve C respectively, and control valve A is closed, and microwave tube starts
Heating, control valve C is opened, and gas hydrates flow through control valve C and enter left transfer chamber by transfer pipeline A, in right heating chamber
Solid natural gas hydrate start to decompose, natural gas rises collected by the gas collecting apparatus on workboat automatically through appendix；
Trigger sensor A detects right heating chamber reaction and finishes, and to control valve B and control valve D sending signals, control valve B, D are opened,
Through controlling valve B to enter water and sandstone that right heating chamber is rinsed after decomposing, water and sandstone enter seabed to seawater by waste pipe.
Particle device for thinning is installed in above-mentioned steps between tubing string and cutting head, makes gas hydrates in tubing string
Hydrotransport seems convenient.Microwave tube is arranged in the left and right of decomposer heating chamber interior walls, heat-insulated in the middle of the heating chamber of left and right
Indoor access cable, for microwave tube provides electric energy, is full of heat-barrier material, it is to avoid left and right heating chamber around heat-insulated house cable
Decomposition disturb.Trigger sensor is provided with the heating chamber of left and right to detect the situation in heating chamber, left and right decomposer
Design ensure decomposition reaction continuity, and then improve production efficiency.Natural gas after being refined through particle device for thinning is hydrated
Composition granule, alternately sending into right heating chamber or left heating chamber carries out heat resolve respectively, and the natural gas after decomposition is transported by appendix
Gas collecting apparatus on to workboat is collected.
A kind of quarrying apparatus of submarine surface gas hydrates, are made up of mining vehicle and workboat, it is characterised in that：
Using crawler type mining vehicle as walking mechanism, it is made up of quarrying apparatus and decomposer on the platform of mining vehicle；Exploitation dress
Put including cutting head, digging arm, rotation platform, particle device for thinning, suction pump, cutting head threaded connector and digging arm one
End is connected, and the digging arm other end is fixed on rotation platform, and rotation platform bearing is connected with mining vehicle platform, is arranged on
The front end of mining vehicle, particle device for thinning and suction pump are arranged on mining vehicle platform, particle device for thinning with transfer pipeline B with
Rotation platform gas hydrates outlet is connected, and suction pump import connects particle device for thinning, outlet pipeline with pipeline
Connection is turned right and moves ceiling portion；Decomposer is made up of four rooms from right to left, wherein symmetrical two-by-two, the right Shi You transfer chambers and the right side
Heating chamber, the left side is left heating chamber and left transfer chamber, and right transfer chamber right side transfer pipeline A is connected with left transfer chamber left side,
Connected in transfer pipeline A and control valve C be installed at right transfer chamber, between right transfer chamber and right heating chamber or left heating chamber with it is left
Siphunculus road and lower through-tube road are installed in parallel between transfer chamber, control valve A are set on the upper siphunculus road, control is set on lower through-tube road
Valve B processed；Turning right to move on interior isolation baffle plate, right heating chamber are installed between siphunculus road A and lower through-tube road B, below transfer pipeline A
Upper end is respectively arranged with the access port and suction pump joint of gas transmission interface tube and isolated at suction device, below isolated at suction device respectively
Trigger sensor A, trigger sensor B and cylinder type filter net are set；4-8 microwave is installed on the inwall on the left of right heating chamber
Pipe, waste discharge interface tube is installed in right heating chamber bottom, and control valve D is provided with waste discharge interface tube；In right heating chamber and left heating
Heat-insulating room is set between room, and cable connects left and right heating chamber by power connection on workboat.
Skimming baffle in the transfer chamber, stops slurry mixture, and the upper plane and lower plane of isolation baffle plate are spherical
Type, and the longitudinal cross-section in the hole being distributed in isolation baffle plate is the trapezoidal of handstand；The outward turning of isolated at suction device connects right heating chamber
Access port；All screw connection points all install seal；By controlling valve in closing, lower control valve is opened, in heating chamber
Water and sandstone under being remained after cleaning hydrate decomposition reaction.
The heating chamber interior walls are made up of heat-barrier material, and special heat-barrier material is full of in the middle of the heating chamber of left and right, and triggering is passed
Sensor can monitor the collecting amount of gas hydrates in the heating chamber of left and right.
The present invention has following beneficial effect：(1) recovery method principle of the invention is simple, practical, can conveniently realize
The continuous exploitation of submarine surface gas hydrates；(2) the quarrying apparatus simple structure of this recovery method, less energy consumption, it is easy to real
Apply, for the exploitation of sea bed gas hydrate.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the quarrying apparatus of submarine surface gas hydrates of the present invention.
In figure：1. mining vehicle, 2. cutting head, 3. rotation platform, 4. particle device for thinning, 5. suction pump, 6. right transfer chamber,
7. valve A is controlled, 8. right heating chamber, 9. isolated at suction device, 10. microwave tube, 11. trigger sensor A, 12. waste pipes, 13. controls
Valve B, 14. isolation baffle plates, 15. transfer pipeline A, 16. appendixs, 17. cables, 18. workboats, 19. control valve C, 20. control valves
D, 21. trigger sensor B, 22. transfer pipeline B, 23. cylinder type filter nets, 24. heat-insulating rooms, 25. suction pumps, 26. left heating chambers,
27. left transfer chambers, 28. digging arms, on 29. siphunculus road, 30. lower through-tube roads.
Specific embodiment
The recovery method of the submarine surface gas hydrates that the present invention is provided, comprises the following steps：
1) in the front end of mining vehicle 1, the cutting submarine surface gas hydrates of cutting head 2, by transfer pipeline B22, pass through
Particle device for thinning 4, suction pump 5 pump into right transfer chamber 6；
2) right transfer chamber 6 is full of seawater, and control centre is to control valve A7 while gas hydrates pump into right transfer chamber 6
Signal is sent, control valve A7 is opened, and solid-liquid-gas three phase hydrate flows through control valve A7, into right heating chamber 8；
3) in right heating chamber 8, when the liquid level of solid-liquid-gas three phase hydrate rises setting height, triggering isolated at suction device 9
On trigger sensor B21, isolated at suction device 9 starts working, and seawater is discharged to seabed through the hole on isolated at suction device 9 and pipeline,
Solid-state hydrate is existed in right heating chamber 8 by mesh gear, as cutting head 2 constantly gathers submarine surface gas hydrates,
Solid natural gas hydrate in right heating chamber 8 reaches predetermined accumulation, and trigger sensor A11 is to control valve A7 and control valve
C19 sends signal, and control valve A7 is closed, and microwave tube 10 begins to warm up, and control valve C19 is opened, and gas hydrates flow through control
Valve C19 enters left transfer chamber 27 by transfer pipeline A15；At the same time, the solid-state hydrate in right heating chamber 8 starts to decompose,
Freely rise collected by the gas collecting apparatus on workboat 18 through appendix 16.Natural gas supervising device detects right heating chamber 8
Interior solid natural gas hydrate is decomposed and finished, and to control valve C19 and control valve B13 sending signals, controls valve B13 and control valve
D20 is opened, and seawater flows through control valve B13 and enters right heating chamber 8, and the water and sandstone rinsed after decomposing are entered by waste pipe 12
Seabed.
4) when gas hydrates flow through control valve C19 to be flowed into left side device, step repeats (1)~(3), based on this
Planting design can realize continuous exploitation, save the time, improve production efficiency.
5) in whole Reaction Separation system in this above procedure, it is ensured that there is certain interior pressure, so as in system
Seawater and waste are smoothly discharged.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of recovery method of submarine surface gas hydrates, it is characterised in that：The recovery method is comprised the following steps：First
The development device on mining vehicle (1) is started, drive is fixed on the cutting head (2) of digging arm (28) one end, cutting head (2) cutting sea
Bottom top layer gas hydrates, digging arm (28) other end is fixed on rotation platform (3) the work side for controlling cutting head (2)
Position；Then the submarine surface gas hydrate slurry of above-mentioned cutting is sucked into particle with suction nozzle by transfer pipeline B (22) to refine
In device (4), then the right transfer chamber in the gas hydrate dissociation device on mining vehicle (1) is pumped into suction pump (5)
(6)；Thereafter start control centre and send signal to control valve A (7), control valve A (7) is opened, and solid-liquid-gas three phase hydrate is flowed through
Control valve A (7) enters right heating chamber (8)；The hole flowed through on isolated at suction device (9) in right heating chamber (8) seawater enter it is marine, Gu
State gas hydrates are kept off by mesh and being stored in right heating chamber (8), submarine surface are constantly gathered with cutting head (2) natural
Gas hydrate, the solid natural gas hydrate in right heating chamber (8) reaches predetermined accumulation, and trigger sensor B (21) is respectively
Signal is sent to control valve A (7) and control valve C (19), control valve A (7) is closed, and microwave tube (10) begins to warm up, control valve C
(19) open, gas hydrates flow through control valve C (19) and enter left transfer chamber (27) by transfer pipeline A (15), right heating
Solid natural gas hydrate in room (8) starts to decompose, and natural gas rises by workboat (18) automatically through appendix (16)
Collected by gas collecting apparatus；Trigger sensor A (11) detects right heating chamber (8) reaction and finishes, to control valve B (13) and control valve
D (20) sending signal, control valve B, D (13,20) is opened, and seawater rinses decomposition through controlling valve B (13) to enter right heating chamber (8)
Water and sandstone afterwards, water and sandstone enter seabed by waste pipe (12).
2. the recovery method of submarine surface gas hydrates according to claim 1, it is characterized in that:Refined through particle and filled
The gas hydrate particle after (4) refinement is put, right heating chamber (8) or left heating chamber (26) are alternately sent into respectively carries out heating point
Solution, the gas collecting apparatus that the natural gas after decomposition is transported on workboat (18) by appendix (16) is collected.
3. a kind of quarrying apparatus for submarine surface gas hydrate mining methods described in claim 1, are by mining vehicle
Constituted with workboat, it is characterised in that：Using crawler type mining vehicle (1) as walking mechanism, on the platform of mining vehicle (1) by
Quarrying apparatus and decomposer are constituted；Quarrying apparatus include cutting head (2), digging arm (28), rotation platform (3), particle refinement
Device (4), suction pump (5), cutting head (2) are connected with threaded connector with digging arm (28) one end, and digging arm (28) is another
End is fixed on rotation platform (3), and rotation platform (3) is connected with bearing with mining vehicle (1) platform, installed in mining vehicle (1)
Front end, particle device for thinning (4) and suction pump (5) on mining vehicle (1) platform, particle device for thinning (4) conveying
Pipeline B (22) is connected with rotation platform (3) gas hydrates outlet, and it is thin that suction pump (5) import pipeline connects particle
Makeup is put (4), and outlet pipeline connects right transfer chamber (6) top；Decomposer is made up of four rooms from right to left, wherein two-by-two
Symmetrically, the right Shi You transfer chambers (6) and right heating chamber (8), the left side are left heating chamber (26) and left transfer chamber (27), right transfer chamber
(6) right side transfer pipeline A (15) is connected with left transfer chamber (27) left side, and right transfer chamber (6) is connected in transfer pipeline A (15)
Place be provided with control valve C (19), be installed in parallel between right transfer chamber (6) and right heating chamber (8) upper siphunculus road (29) and it is lower lead to
Pipeline (30), is installed in parallel upper siphunculus road (29) and lower through-tube road (30) between left heating chamber (26) and left transfer chamber (27),
Control valve A (7) is set on the upper siphunculus road (29), control valve B (13) is set on lower through-tube road (30)；In right transfer chamber (6)
Between upper siphunculus road A (29) and lower through-tube road B (30), isolation baffle plate (14), right heating chamber are installed below transfer pipeline A (15)
(8) upper end is respectively arranged with the access port and the joint of suction pump (25) of appendix (16) interface and isolated at suction device (9), is taking out
Inhale separator (9) and be respectively arranged below trigger sensor A (11), trigger sensor B (21) and cylinder type filter net (23)；Add on the right side
4-8 microwave tube (10) is installed on the inwall on the left of hot cell (8), waste pipe (12) interface is installed in right heating chamber (8) bottom,
Control valve D (20) is installed in waste pipe (12) interface；Heat-insulating room is set between right heating chamber (8) and left heating chamber (26)
(24), cable (17) connects left and right heating chamber (26,8) by power connection on workboat (18).
4. quarrying apparatus of submarine surface gas hydrate mining methods according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Every
From the upper plane and the spherical type of lower plane of baffle plate (14), and the longitudinal cross-section in the hole being distributed in isolation baffle plate (14) is handstand
It is trapezoidal；Isolated at suction device (9) outward turning connects the access port of right heating chamber (8), and all screw connection points all install seal.
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105545257B (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2018-07-20 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of recovery method and equipment of sea-bottom shallow gas hydrates |
| CN115538993A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2022-12-30 | 中国计量大学 | Method for arranging broken and mixed stone block collecting net vertically rising to sea level in methane generating device of seabed surface exposed combustible ice |
| CN108412468A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-08-17 | 四川宏华石油设备有限公司 | A kind of gas hydrate exploitation device |
| CN108894755B (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-12-22 | 西南石油大学 | Seabed natural gas hydrate exploitation system and method |
| CN109488258B (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-08-06 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Sea-bottom surface hydrate quarrying apparatus and its recovery method |
| CN109555505B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-08-06 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Sea-bottom surface bulk hydrate Mars Miner and throughput type recovery method |
| CN109555506B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-10-11 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Sea-bottom surface bulk hydrate quarrying apparatus and pressure maintaining drill through collecting method |
| CN110295910B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2023-11-21 | 台州长天能源技术有限公司 | Method and device for mining argillaceous powder sand mould ore deposit |
| CN112343557B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-11-23 | 福州大学 | Sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type exploitation device and exploitation method |
| CN112282707B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-11-19 | 福州大学 | Sea natural gas hydrate barrel type mining device and method thereof |
| CN113668638A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-19 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 | Disturbance plume suppression device for deep sea mine car |
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| JP3945809B2 (en) * | 2002-12-25 | 2007-07-18 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Submarine gas hydrate mining method and system |
| US20120181041A1 (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2012-07-19 | Todd Jennings Willman | Gas Hydrate Harvesting |
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