CN104947644A

CN104947644A - Mono column offshore platform, system and method of deploying the same

Info

Publication number: CN104947644A
Application number: CN201410658761.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 章立人
Original assignee: Blue Capital Private LP
Current assignee: Blue Capital Private LP
Priority date: 2014-02-19
Filing date: 2014-11-18
Publication date: 2015-09-30
Also published as: CN204570648U; MY166227A; CN106574451A; MX2016010642A; MX369355B; WO2015126325A1

Abstract

An offshore platform having a transit state and a deployed state, said offshore platform including at least one substantially horizontally planar deckbox having a top side and a bottom side. The deckbox includes a modular interface on the top side of its planar surface adapted to enable the installation and removal of equipment for offshore activities. The deckbox also includes and at least one substantially vertical through-hole extending from the top side to the bottom side of the deckbox. The offshore platform also includes at least one substantially horizontally planar mat having a top side and a bottom side, wherein said substantially planar mat comprises at least one substantially vertical through-hole extending from the top side to the bottom side of the mat; and at least one ballast tank. The top side of the mat faces and is at least substantially parallel to the bottom side of the deckbox. The offshore platform also includes at least one elongate truss column having a first end and a second end, wherein the elongate truss column is moveably engaged with the deckbox through the at least one through-hole of the deckbox, and the second end of the truss column is rigidly fixed to the mat at the at least one through-hole of the mat, such that the elongate truss column is at least substantially perpendicular to the planar deckbox and mat, and the deckbox is moveable along the truss column into a position adjacent to the mat and the second end of the truss column during the transit state. The elongate truss column moves via the through-hole of the deckbox thereby also displacing the planar mat vertically when the at least one ballast tank of the mat is filled.

Description

Marine single column platform, system and dispose the method for this marine single column platform

The cross reference of related application

This application claims the priority of the Singapore patent application 10201400119U submitted on February 19th, 2014, its disclosure is all whole to be by reference herein incorporated.

Technical field

The present invention relates to offshore drilling unit field.Specifically, it relates to self lift type offshore drilling unit, and relates to other the marine correlation engineering/activity any adopting this self lift type offshore drilling unit to perform in oil and gas industry to include but not limited to drilling well, production, storage, process, on-site support, oil well/platform maintenance, building course and/or carry out in developed field (brown field), marginal oil field and/or undeveloped oilfields (green field).

Background technology

Typical self lift type offshore platform is made up of platform structure (being typically called deck case or deck) and supporting leg usually, and such as, use the control system of such as gear train to make leg move tooth by gear, supporting leg can vertically move.When being in transport pattern and towing is done/wet to drilling rig, supporting leg is always raised.When arriving ad-hoc location, leg is lowered, until leg arrives sea bed.The process that leg reduces is typically called " falling with jack ".The bottom of each leg is equipped with " shoe-like " structure usually, and it is typically called " spud can ".

Spud can is typically designed so that supporting leg can thrust or slowly enter in sea bed smoothly.Firmly in place in order to ensure self lift type offshore platform, drilling rig experience is called the process of " preloaded ", and self lift type offshore platform by adding water ballast and being subject to extra load in its hull thus.The object of preloaded increases on supporting leg and guides power straight down thus guarantee that supporting leg penetrates in sea bed.When supporting leg and sea bed engage securely thus guarantee that self lift type offshore platform is stable and firm, the process of thrusting terminates.Afterwards, platform is raised or is promoted to the specified altitude assignment on more than sea level, and any aforesaid process all can be performed.It should be noted that the term " self lift type unit " after this used refers to above-mentioned self lift type offshore platform.

The design of self lift type unit is single goal traditionally, and itself and ancillary service are together with the system integration thus form complicated system.When existing engineering enters coda and described self lift type unit needs to be used in other places, the self lift type unit that this single goal is built all will be redeployed in any oil field.However, self lift type unit and subsystem thereof even can redeploy before existing engineering terminates.This can occur in a case where: with carry out compared with operation at find place, infeasible economically to the exploitation of the remaining reserves in oil field, wherein the potential production of find exceedes in the remaining reserves at oil field place in early days the cost carrying out exploitation continuously.The hint that generation two is important thus.

First, this causes the global high demand for self-elevating rig unit usually, and usually relevant to the demand of disposing/redeploying (calling) self lift type unit outside each oil field be high cost.Secondly, engineering may need several self lift type unit, and each self lift type unit has particular system to perform specific task, and co-operates, so that from oilfield exploitation crude oil.Due to current used technology and application, be deployed the time of exploiting for first time oil (hydrocarbon) to production unit from the time performing oil field prospecting, often exist to schedule delay and lack the relevant potential economic loss of the suitable self lift type unit equipped.

Marginal oil field is so a kind of oil field: the reserves in this oil field are possible not high enough and can not provide enough output for oil field owner, has reason to dispose self lift type unit, because this many times will be more expensive or lose time to make it.Alternatively, oil field owner prefers the cost-effective scheme compared with natural storage volume that obtains usually.But, as a result, often do not perform development and production activity in marginal oil field, although and seismic survey shows the overall potentiality of the natural reserves in these oil fields, and these oil fields are not still utilized.These marginal oil fields are often out in the cold, the oil field owner due to them wait for more effective scheme in case commerciality develop described marginal oil field.The problem faced by owner of marginal oil field (comprising the oil field with huge proved reserves) is set forth further below in detail.

A, the time interval between exploration-production

In typical exploration-production cycle, be generally 2-5 from exploring to the duration of producing, this depends on the front end engineering design (FEED) of suitable platform, the complexity of basic engineering and detailed design and the engineering cost efficiency relative to the amount of available resources.Figure 12 is exemplified with the average time spent before oil field place starts to produce when depending on traditional fixed platform.

B, marginal oil field

In marginal oil field, the frequent indicated reserves of the phenomenon found do not have enough output to prove the financial cost of developing, build and disposing self lift type unit to be rational.This is because purchase the high cost of complex platform be not enough to the risk of covering cost of investment at exploited reserves under.Like this, marginal oil field is often left in the basket.

C. configuration & re-constructs

Under current oil and natural gas situation, the discovery of any natural reserves will cause two kinds of results in logic:

I () causes just proceeding to produce after the long time interval owing to mentioning the factor in the time interval in (a), or

(ii) oil field is abandoned, because it is in most of the cases too high to enter production cost.

For the first result, comprise hold in advance engineering design (pre-FEED), front end engineering design (FEED) and for find aboveground process of carrying out the Design and manufacture of the suitable jacket produced may continue at least 3 years.This may relate to and call existing self lift type unit for ressembling.Ressemble to relate to and remove and install relevant device or system, self lift type unit can be made to operate under designated environment according to engineering phase.

Alternately, can arrange new self lift type unit, this approximately spends the 2 extra years for transporting.Under superincumbent sight, drop into a large amount of costs and time and call self lift type unit or structure self lift type unit to perform production.Be called for the occasion of reequiping at self lift type unit, this also causes the loss of rental period, and the rental period should spend in exploitation better and produce in oil, and therefore this causes valuable potential production loss.

There are three kinds of known methods at present for solving the problem faced by oil and natural gas industry:

1, according to the conventional method of purchase engineering scheme, and use any available self lift type unit for repacking (reconfigure and construct);

2, very expensive and unaccommodated self lift type unit or semisubmersible platform is disposed thus executed activity with too high daily speed; Or

3, when marginal oil field, this marginal oil field is not contacted, until cost-efficient scheme can be utilized.

The matter of utmost importance of the current scheme adopted in oil and natural gas industry is seismic study, the separating for the production of object " solution " (can be performed by oil company) of exploration and oil field, and be different from and produce to perform and prepare the process of necessary resource, just the process preparing necessary resource only has and in marginal oil field, carries out manufacturing process and operation when exploration phase confirmation and have during commercial value and carry out.Therefore, the sequential grammar of exploration and production lacks overall strategy.This is specially adapted to the large oilfield of operation preparatory period and the high cost obstruction grown.

For second method, European patent EP 0035023B1 discloses a kind of such offshore platform.This offshore platform has deck, gravity base and deck is connected to the framework of gravity base.Gravity base is designed so that it thrusts sea bed so that offshore platform is in position, thus executable operations.This European patent also discloses offshore platform and is drawn to an oil field, and it will be deployed in this oil field to carry out normal offshore drilling and/or production.But the design of European patent EP 0035023B1 has following shortcoming:

A, offshore platform require that its gravity base thrusts sea bed, this means that offshore platform only can operate under the high-bearing sea bed environment of closely knit Soil and Rock;

B, offshore platform are designed to be used as lines up independently offshore platform, thus limits any expansion and operate on a large scale; With

C, offshore platform use hydraulic mechanism to promote deck, which has limited the supporting capacity of offshore platform, and hydraulic mechanism can not easily be transferred to another offshore platform to use from an offshore platform because it has complicated requirements for pipes.

Like this, although prior art discloses trial above-mentioned, but still need a kind of marine single column platform, system and their method, to perform exploration and the production in oil field (comprising marginal oil field), it can perform exploration and the production in oil field in timely and cost-effective mode.In this regard, as described below and be defined by the appended claims instant invention overcomes these difficulties, and not there are those identical shortcomings of prior art, also provide foregoing benefits simultaneously.

Summary of the invention

A first aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of offshore platform, and it has shipping situation and deployable state.This offshore platform comprises the smooth deck case of at least one basic horizontal with top side and bottom side.Deck case is included in the modular interface on the top side of its flat surfaces.The modular interface of deck case be suitable for realizing oil drilling, Petroleum Production, marine accommodation and/or for other system or equipment any of offshore activities installation and remove, be suitable for realizing the installation of this equipment being suitable for offshore operations and engine request especially and remove.

In one embodiment, the modular interface of deck case can comprise its specific part, and this specific part is designated as and connects with drilling equipment.Drilling equipment can have the ability of 1000 to 3000 horsepowers.This drilling equipment is connected to deck case by interface and can be drilled into few a bite well to 20 mouthfuls of wells or more at the most.Deck case also can connect with production unit.The quantity of required production unit is typically determined by the production capacity in oil field.Like this, when needed, extra modularized production unit can be added to increase the level of production.Except drilling well and production equipment, deck case also can connect with the jack lift array and inhabitation module can supporting offshore operations and any engineering.

The modular interface design of deck case allow the deck case of offshore platform have can be very short after completing boring time period internal mold blocking install and configure production system, to produce.Once be deployed for the production of, self lift type unit operates as it is used as permanent catheter frame.Illustratively property example, after exploration completes, offshore platform on-the-spot can carry out instant reconfiguring or optional equipment/facility.This reconfiguring can be carried out due to the modular interface of the deck case of offshore platform.In a word, marine single column platform is a kind of two-in-one system (comprising jacket and jack-up rig), and it performs the role of exploration drilling, production and exploitation.In addition, " modular interface " design mean offshore platform can:

A, to be constructed in very cost-efficient mode within the very short time;

B, be deployed in specific oil field/position with correct configuration and/or " a complete set of equipment ";

C, being similar to " happy high (LEGO ^tM) " the modularization principle equipment/system/facility of building blocks reequips, and makes the equipment on ship optimally can use deck space.This means not need the integrality of change offshore platform or foundation framework or foundation structure to adapt to necessary variable deck load.

Offshore platform and huge deck space thereof can make the modularized equipment of one or one array placed thereon.Concrete placement and connectivity depend on the object of equipment and the optimization method of deck space to meet the requirement of engineering.As mentioned, principle that this is similar to " happy high ", thus the total arrangement of equipment on the case of deck can set up as required or reconfigure.The engineering that this alleviates for the integral unit as marine self lift type unit resets the needs counted with certification again.According to the operational requirements of engineering span, extra equipment can be comprised as " annex " on the case of deck, or the general arrangement of the equipment on the case of deck " can be reconfigured ".

Deck case also comprises at least one substantially vertical through hole.The design of vertical through hole makes this latent space to be used for that other is movable further, such as drilling well, place in hole marine riser for the production of and other operation relevant to sea bed any, and be not limited to top side activity.This also protects the cable and the pipeline that reach sea bed from substrate downwards potentially.

Offshore platform also comprises the smooth mat of at least one basic horizontal.The smooth mat of this basic horizontal has top side and bottom side.The mat of this substantially flat also comprises at least one substantially vertical through hole.Substantially vertical through hole on substantially vertical through hole in mat and deck case at least essentially concentric or continuously (contiguous).Mat comprises at least one ballast tank.Mat relative to deck case be positioned as making the top side face of mat to and at least substantially parallel to the bottom side of deck case, and the respective through hole of deck case and mat is overlapping and can at least essentially concentric or continuously.This can cause between at least one through hole of deck case and at least one through hole of mat at least substantially overlapping.

In one embodiment, at least one the substantially vertical through hole extending to bottom side from the top side of deck case and at least one the substantially vertical through hole extending to bottom side from the top side of mat can be completely overlapping, concentric or continuous, thus the measure-alike or coupling of through hole.In another embodiment, the top side of mat is identical with the surface area of the bottom side of deck case, and that is, deck case and mat have identical size.In another embodiment, the surface area of the top side of mat can be of different sizes with the surface area of the bottom side of deck case.The size of deck case and mat is typically selected based on the operation requirements of engineering.In another embodiment, the shape of deck case and mat can be selected from by circle, square, rectangle, quadrangle, triangle or the oval group formed, or is applicable any shape.Mat is like this equally.Meanwhile, deck case should have enough buoyancy to support offshore platform together with mat, so that offshore platform is transported to the deployment place of expectation via wet towing or dry towing.

Offshore platform comprises at least one elongated truss leg further, and it has first end and the second end or far-end.One end of elongated truss leg can engage deck case movably.Carry out through the one or more corresponding through hole of deck case by making one or more elongated truss leg with the joint of deck case.Second end of elongated truss leg or far-end at least one through hole in mat or at least one through hole close to mat are rigidly secured to mat.

In an illustrative embodiment of the invention, elongated truss leg comprises four chord truss legs, and these four chord truss legs are rigidly secured to the circumference place of at least substantially vertical through hole of mat.Four chord truss legs guarantee that pressure applies equally or equably and is delivered in the mat that is positioned on sea bed.Be delivered to mat to guarantee that mat keeps its position constancy during operating process from chord member leg realizing load, four chord truss legs are common.In the jack-up rig of three legs, need deck case to move along each leg period in aggregate level relative to the difference between leg to coordinate the chord member in every bar leg.Which greatly increases operational risk.But, even so, elongated truss leg can be made to have at least three chord truss legs or more, arrange just passable as long as chord truss leg is in polygon.

Elongated truss leg can have random length.Typically, degree is determined by the environment of the operational depth of expecting and offshore platform.In the exemplary embodiment, the rough wave effect (i.e. the air gap) that elongated truss leg can have enough length to meet the depth of water up to 500 feet and be correlated with.The length of leg can change according to engineering, thus meets the operating environment in oil field.

In one exemplary embodiment, elongated truss leg comprises the shape of falling K trussmember.In alternative embodiments, elongated trussmember can be selected from being configured the group formed by K shape trussmember, X-shaped trussmember and any any other that other designed or crossed over the support member of the identical or different horizontal flat section in through hole that be existing or that be contemplated to.

By locating deck case and mat as described above, elongated truss leg becomes vertical orientation with smooth deck case with mat.Therefore, deck case can move between transporting position and deployed position along the elongated axis of truss leg.

At transporting position, deck case vertically close to or contiguous and just in time above second or the far-end and mat of elongated truss leg.In this position, the major part of elongated truss leg is positioned at above the top side of deck case.In deployed position, the through hole via deck case under the effect of the power that elongated truss leg is applied by Hoisting System under being impelled by Action of Gravity Field moves down.Because elongated truss leg is rigidly secured to mat, therefore mat is also correspondingly shifted.In deployed position, mat is still fixed to second or far-end of elongated truss leg, and rests securely on sea bed.But because post is relative to the movement of deck case, deck case is now close to first end, and wherein first end is still above the top side of deck case.

Under the gravity acting on mat and the effect acting on the hoisting mechanism on elongated truss leg, there is the movement of mat.In one exemplary embodiment, in order to help mat to move, the weight of mat can be changed.In this embodiment, when mat comprise can at least one ballast tank of fill fluid time, realize the change of the weight of mat.Typically, when disposing offshore platform, this ballast tank can be filled seawater.

In another embodiment of the invention, the bottom side of mat is suitable for pushing downwards and being placed on sea bed, thus supports offshore platform securely and be held in place by this offshore platform.This is subject to via elongated truss leg to the help of the load transfer of mat.Rest the ingredient of the mat on sea bed as sea bed.When load force is applied to offshore platform, this load force is passed to mat, thus acts in mat, as it will act on sea bed.Which reduce the risk of transshipping on the specified point of sea bed.By ballast level suitable in mat, mat is shifted onto on sea bed downwards securely, thus is adhered on sea bed by its " grip part " further, causes the stable of offshore structure.Along the circumference of mat and skirtboard close to sea bed help mat to be fastened to sea bed, and can comprise and be positioned at corrugated surface on the downside of mat or other existing or anticipation design any, to help to increase the frictional force between the basal surface of mat and sea bed.

In another embodiment, deck case comprises the notch extending to bottom side from top side further.Otch can be positioned as along deck case circumference or be another through hole on the case of deck.In this embodiment, mat also comprises the notch extending to bottom side along its circumference from top side.In this embodiment, the otch of the otch of deck case or the location of through hole and mat or the location almost coaxial of through hole.The otch of coaxial deck case or the otch of through-hole section and mat or through hole are adapted so that drill-well operation can perform at notch place, and at least one substantially vertical through hole that can extend to bottom side via the top side from deck case and at least one substantially vertical through hole of extending to bottom side from the top side of mat perform oil production operations simultaneously.Otch or through hole also can be designed to or for other offshore activities any required by engineering, such as drilling well or production.In another embodiment, otch or through hole can depart from center and be positioned at a part place of deck case and mat.

In embodiments of the present invention, the occasion of at least one ballast tank is comprised in mat, after the bottom side of mat to be placed in sea bed and to start to produce, the content of at least one ballast tank can be released or move, and at least one ballast tank described is used to store oil.

In another embodiment, the bottom side of mat can comprise further spraying system or intake system or the two, these two systems are suitable for pumps water below mat mat to be removed from sea bed or mat to be remained on sea bed by sucking if necessary.When offshore platform is when specific deployments place has been deployed the time period of an elongated segment and particle gathered along with the time, spraying system may must be used.Injection will be used for removing particle, thus make mat be easy to be separated with sea bed.When the part as process or as extra measure, when needing extra power mat to be remained on sea bed, the use of intake system may be necessary.

In another embodiment, elongated truss leg can engage with deck case movably via rack and pinion mechanism, hydraulic lifting mechanism, pulley mechanism or other suitable hoisting mechanism any.In the embodiment of use rack and pinion mechanism of the present invention, rack and pinion mechanism is portable and can expands.Thus, this means that rack and pinion mechanism can remove from the offshore platform at its current place and can transfer to another this offshore platform of the present invention.This feature with transferable rack and pinion mechanism allows and other offshore platform mutual operation of the present invention, improves the reliability according to offshore platform of the present invention and redundancy.Alternately, being suitable for engineering by the quantity promoting gear (jacking gear) being changed to, the totally variable deck load capacity of marine self lift type unit can be changed.

In the further embodiment of the present invention, each embodiment of offshore platform also comprises helistop as described herein, and this helistop is attached to deck case or the part as accommodations or other facility any.Offshore platform during helistop is conducive to personnel, management and equipment room product to be transported to and to be in deployment.

In the further embodiment of the present invention, deck case can comprise at least one locking mechanism, and it is close to deck case circumference.Locking mechanism is suitable for being placed in position by self lift type unit, as permanent catheter frame.

A second aspect of the present invention relates to increases platform quantity linearly, therefore exponentially expands the function of the platform of polymerization.The system of offshore platform can have at least two offshore platforms as above.These two offshore platforms can be connected to each other via deck case, mat or the bridge joint of the two or by directly connecting side by side of they.Each at least two offshore platforms all can relate in the process performing and select from the group be made up of drilling well, production, inhabitation, generating and production support any one or multiple.

A third aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of method of disposing each embodiment of above-mentioned offshore platform.The method comprises:

A. offshore platform is drawn to deployed position under its shipping situation, in shipping situation, the contiguous mat of deck case;

B. offshore platform being positioned at expection disposes above place;

C. the smooth mat of basic horizontal is reduced, until described mat touches the sea bed that place is disposed in expection; And

D. the smooth deck case of basic horizontal is promoted straight up along elongated truss leg.

When there is the air gap of expection between deck case and water when there is no further lifting operation and deck case is static while, arrive deployable state.In this case, the air gap can realize when truss leg does not extend completely.Advantageously, if the air gap distance of marine single column platform between deck case and water level is implemented when changing due to soil movement in time, marine single column platform can perform further lifting operation and adapt to this change to make marine single column platform, and this causes the stability operated.If the air gap reduces, then deck case can be even further improved by applying coatings.This function can not realize in typical jack-up rig, because this jack-up rig can not be deployed as fixed platform, and does not have the ability of dynamic adjustments after deployment due to fixing offshore platform.

In an embodiment of a third aspect of the present invention, by changing the weight of mat, can perform and reduce the smooth mat of basic horizontal.Such as, if the weight of mat increases, be lowered under the synergy of the power that mat applies at gravity and Hoisting System.In the further embodiment of the third aspect, when mat is lowered to sea bed, the adjustment of the position to offshore platform can be carried out, the position of offshore platform is remained on above the deployment place of expection.In fact, offshore platform of the present invention is multiduty.In order to explore, when being deployed to place, offshore platform performs drilling well.After exploration confirms, it performs the role of jacket, and on jacket, production unit can be placed above deck to perform production operation, continues drill-well operation simultaneously.

Although be described above each aspect of the present invention and embodiment, the illustration of exemplary embodiment below and appended explanation is used for helping further understand and clarify various embodiment of the present invention.But, it should be noted that scope of the present invention is never limited to and the following describes and illustrative exemplary embodiment, but as stated in appended claims.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the exemplary embodiments of offshore platform of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the lateral view of the embodiment of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the top view of the exemplary embodiments of deck of the present invention case;

Fig. 4 is the top view of the exemplary embodiments of deck of the present invention case, and it is arranged with cabin;

Fig. 5 is the top view of the exemplary embodiments of mat of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the top view of the exemplary embodiments of mat of the present invention, and it is arranged with cabin;

Fig. 7 is the diagram of the deployment order of exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the isometric drawing of exemplary embodiment of the present invention; With

Fig. 9 is the diagram of the embodiment of an aspect of of the present present invention, and wherein two marine single column platforms are connected to each other;

Figure 10 is the diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, and wherein two marine single column platforms are connected to each other; With

Figure 11 is the diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, and wherein platform has been assembled drilling facilities, accommodations and helicopter deck.

Figure 12 is illustrated in the average time spent before oil field place starts to produce when depending on traditional fixed platform.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 is the exemplary embodiments being in the offshore platform 10 of deployable state of the present invention.It is equal or may different deck casees 12 and mat 16 substantially that offshore platform 10 has size.Deck case 12 is connected to mat 16 via truss leg 14.Deck case 12 has the through hole (not shown) being located at its center substantially.Mat 16 also has the through hole (not shown) being positioned at its center substantially.Deck case 12 and mat 16 are arranged such that they overlap each other.More importantly, deck case 12 makes their respective through holes also aim at relative to the aligning of mat 16.This allows truss leg 14 to engage with deck case 12 and mat 16 as the following describes.

One end of truss leg 14 can engage with deck case 12 movably via the through hole of deck case 12.The other end of truss leg 14 is rigidly secured to mat 16 in the through hole of mat.When engaged, truss leg 14 is perpendicular to both smooth deck case 12 and mat 16.Deck case 10 can move to the position of contiguous mat 16 substantially from its one end along truss leg 14, make deck case 12 subsequently close to the second end of truss leg 14.

Fig. 2 is the lateral view of the embodiment of Fig. 1.Fig. 2 illustrates the offshore platform 20 being in deployable state, and it rests on the sea bed 21A in the 21B of ocean.Offshore platform 20 has deck case 22 and mat 26.Deck case 22 and mat 26 are connected to each other via truss leg 24.One end of truss leg 24 is connected to deck case 22 via at least one the through hole (not shown) in deck case 22.Truss leg 24 can engage movably with deck case 22, makes deck case 22 can along truss leg 24 vertically movement.

In this exemplary embodiment, for making deck case 22 be rack pinion system 28 along the mechanism of truss leg 24 movement.Rack and pinion mechanism 28 is positioned on deck case 22.In a further exemplary embodiment, rack and pinion mechanism can remove from offshore platform, and can transfer to another offshore platform to perform identical function.This is the attendant advantages using rack and pinion mechanism, because which ensure that the mutual operation between each offshore platform of the present invention.Further, the occasion that there is multiple this platform and operate together, the rack and pinion mechanism of each offshore platform all can be used as the standby of the rack and pinion mechanism of another offshore platform, thus guarantees system redundancy.

In this exemplary embodiment, truss leg 24 is connected to the central area of mat 26 at its other end, or is connected to other region of mat 26 in other embodiments.Truss leg 24 is rigidly connected to mat 26, makes when truss leg 24 slides straight down from deck case 22, mat 26 also straight down displacement and by translation.Mat 26 is by vertically displacement is downwards until it arrives sea bed 21A, and after contact sea bed 21A, mat 26 will be depressed securely to be placed on sea bed 21A, thus by place for offshore platform 20 grappling to operate.When mat 26 be fixedly pressed against by sea bed 21A time, rack and pinion mechanism 28 continue run.As a result, deck case 22 is upwards pushed away vertically and is risen from the surface of ocean 21B subsequently, until deck case 22 arrives the end of stretching out from ocean 21B close to truss leg 24.

Fig. 3 is the top view of the exemplary embodiments 30 of deck of the present invention case 32.Find out from top view, the deck case 32 of this exemplary embodiment is foursquare.Deck case has through hole 36, and truss leg 34 uses rack and pinion mechanism 38 can engage movably with deck case 32 via this through hole 36.Truss leg 34 can comprise heteroid support member 33, and it is crossed over or crosses the section of identical or different horizontal flat.The through hole 36 of deck case 32 is aimed at the through hole (not shown) of mat (not shown), and truss leg 34 is aimed at all vertically by the corresponding through hole of deck case 32 and mat.

Fig. 4 is the top view of the exemplary embodiments 40 of deck of the present invention case 42 and the possible layout of cabin 43 and truss leg 44, and truss leg 44 has the possible support member across identical or different horizontal section.Cabin 43 can fill fluid, thus at sea platform transport and during deployment phase as ballast.It is inner that cabin 43 is disposed in deck case 42, and the size in cabin can carry out different changes or the number change in cabin.When disposing, cabin 43 can be drained any fluid as ballast, thus is storing these operative material when operation is carried out and before the operative material of the fuel or crude oil and so on that such as extract from oil field is transferred to suitable container.

Fig. 5 is the top view of the exemplary embodiments 50 of mat 54 of the present invention.In this embodiment, mat 54 is foursquare, or has and the different shape and size of specifying.Mat 54 comprises the through hole 52 in the central area being positioned at mat 54, makes through hole 52 concentric with mat 54.As mentioned about the embodiment 30 of Fig. 3, the through hole 52 of mat 54 makes truss leg (not shown) all vertically aim to the corresponding through hole of deck case 32 and mat 54.

Fig. 6 is the top view of the exemplary embodiments 60 of mat 62 of the present invention, and its middle deck 63 is arranged in around through hole 66.In this embodiment, mat 62 has the cabin 63 be distributed in mat 62.As the cabin 43 described about the embodiment 40 of Fig. 4, cabin 63 also can be filled fluid, thus is used as ballast during the transport of platform at sea and deployment phase.When offshore platform is just deployed, cabin 63 typically with seawater or any fluid filling, such as, to increase the weight of mat 62, can make gravity be enough to overcome the frictional force about in the rack and pinion mechanism of Fig. 3 description, thus causes mat 62 to move down.After deployment and during operation, cabin 63 can the emptying any fluid being used as ballast, thus operate carry out time and before the operative material of the fuel or crude oil and so on that such as extract from oil field is transferred to suitable container, storing these operative material.

When offshore platform reclaims after operation, the fluid in cabin can be discharged, and is filled air, thus helps mat 62 to rise from sea bed.In this, in this exemplary embodiment 60 of mat 62, mat 62 comprises suction point 65 and jet exit 64.

Suck point 65 to be used to provide extra power mat 62 is remained on sea bed.When offshore platform is deployed, auxiliary force may be needed mat 62 to be held in place.Thering is provided of auxiliary force from suction point 65, will suck the suction that point 65 can apply mat 62 will to be held in place.On the other hand, jet exit 64 is used to mat 62 is departed from from sea bed.If this is because offshore platform has deployed the time period of prolongation, then particle may be gathered in mat 62, and may hinder removal process.Jet exit 64 penetrates current, and this is applied with the power helping these particles accumulated to remove.

Fig. 7 is the diagram of each stage 70A to 70D of the deployment order of the embodiment of Fig. 1 of the present invention.In 70A, offshore platform considered to be in its transport stage.In this stage, offshore platform can be transported to the position that offshore platform is disposed in plan.Deck case 72 and mat 74 closer to each other in one end of truss leg 76.Each ballast tank of deck case 72 and/or mat 74 can be filled with suitable fluid, thus helps to control and transport the offshore platform do not disposed.Transport can be undertaken by dry towing or wet towing.

When offshore platform arrives the deployment place 71 expected, the order shown in 70B shows mat 74 and is lowered.In order to complete this, the cabin 63 of mat 62 (being labeled as 74 at this) is filled with fluid, typically be seawater, and by mat 74 with fill after the combination weight in cabin 63, be lowered under the synergy of the power that mat 74 applies at gravity and hoisting mechanism.The truss leg 76 being connected to mat 74 moves straight down, causes mat 74 to decline.Truss leg 76 is by rack and pinion mechanism 78 slide downward, and truss leg 76 engages with deck case 72 via this rack and pinion mechanism 78.

At 70C place, mat 74 arrived sea bed 71 and mostly due to mat and general structure 74 weight and be pushed in sea bed 71.At the end of deployment phase, most of truss leg 76 is positioned at b.s.l., and can not be shifted again.Once find that mat 74 has been stabilized on sea bed 71, then dispose moving on to terminal stage.At 70D place, deck case 72 is promoted to suitable height by rack and pinion mechanism 78 along truss leg 76, this highly close to truss leg 76 end and be positioned at more than sea level.Offshore platform is deployed now, and preparation operates, and includes but not limited to that in position (at deployment mode) is installed, removes, place apparatus, system or facility.

Fig. 8 is the isometric drawing of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.In this exemplary embodiment 80, deck case 82 has otch 83.Deck case 82 is connected to mat 86 via elongated truss leg 84.Mat 86 also has otch 85.In this exemplary embodiment 80, otch 83 and otch 85 are different sizes.In other embodiments, otch 83 and 85 can be similar size.Otch 83 and 85 is coaxial, but in other embodiments, otch 83 and 85 possibility may not be coaxial.

Fig. 9 is the diagram of embodiments of the invention 90, and wherein two marine single column platforms are connected to each other to next-door neighbour's or a single offshore platform.The offshore platform that can be connected to each other is not limited only to similar or identical offshore platform unit, but also can comprise and have the not similar offshore platform identical with design principle of the present invention.Between two marine single column platforms be connected to deck case 92 and mat 96 place carries out.But, if deck case 92 and mat 96 are different sizes, then connect and can carry out at deck case 92 or mat 96 place.Each offshore platform all has at least one the single truss leg 94 deck case 92 being connected to mat 96.Each offshore platform also has mechanism 98 to raise or to reduce truss leg 94 and connected mat 96.The Figure 91 that overlooks of embodiment 90 illustrates that the gross area of deck case 92 doubles due to the connection of two marine single column platforms.The gross area of deck case 92 can be multiplied further according to the quantity of the marine single column platform linked together.The surface area that deck case 92 increases becomes possibility by making the additional function relevant to offshore activities.

Figure 10 is the diagram of another embodiment of the present invention 100, and wherein two marine single column platforms are connected to each other.Between these two marine single column platforms be connected to deck case 102 and mat 106 place carries out.But, if deck case 102 and mat 106 are different sizes, then connect and can carry out at deck case 102 or mat 106 place.Two offshore platforms all have the single truss leg 104 deck case 102 being connected to mat 106.Two offshore platforms all have mechanism 108 so that the mat 106 raising or reduce truss leg 104 and be connected to it.

The Figure 101 that overlooks of embodiment 100 illustrates that the gross area of deck case 102 doubles due to the connection of two marine single column platforms.The surface area that deck case 102 increases allows part processing module 109 and helistop 107 comprised for offshore platform.

Figure 11 is the diagram of another embodiment of the present invention 110, and wherein this platform is equipped with drilling facilities 119, accommodations 113 and helicopter deck 117.In this embodiment 110, deck case 112 is connected to mat 116 via elongated truss leg 114.Mat 116 has along its circumference and otch 115 below drilling facilities 119.Elongated truss leg 114 can be moved relative to deck case 112 by travel mechanism 118, and travel mechanism 118 can be rack pinion mechanical system or other this suitable system.

According to each embodiment, a kind of deck case for marine single column platform is provided, this deck case is configured to be connected to truss leg, truss leg is coupled to for by the mat of the weight support of deck case on sea bed, deck case comprises: the top side comprising modular interface, modular interface is arranged to the equipment that Modularly is installed or removed for offshore activities, modular interface comprises from the interface with drilling equipment further, with the interface of Petroleum Production unit, with the interface of jack lift, with the interface of inhabitation module and with multiple interfaces of selecting in the interface of helistop, bottom side, and the substantially vertical through hole of bottom side is extended to from the top side of deck case, this through hole is configured to receive the truss leg through this through hole, its middle deck case comprises brace foundation structure and structural framing, brace foundation structure is coupled to each interface in multiple interfaces of modular interface, and structural framing is configured to the deck load of Adaptive change to provide the modularization of equipment install or remove when platform is deployed in sea at sea.

In an embodiment, deck case comprises at least one cabin further, and this at least one cabin is configured to the fluid of filling the ballast being used as deck case, to have enough buoyancy to transport.

In an embodiment, at least one cabin is configured to the emptying fluid being used as ballast, to allow to store the operative material comprising fuel or crude oil.

In an embodiment, deck is configured to be received in by drilling water-separation pipe in vertical through hole to produce.

In an embodiment, deck is configured to make cable and pipeline reach sea bed by vertical through hole from deck.

In an embodiment, deck case comprises at least one notch extending to bottom side from top side further.

In an embodiment, at least one notch is along the circumference of deck case.

In an embodiment, deck case comprises the rack and pinion mechanism being configured to engage truss leg movably further.

In an embodiment, rack and pinion mechanism is what can remove.

In an embodiment, rack and pinion mechanism is configured to allow to change lifting gear.

In an embodiment, deck case comprises the locking mechanism being configured to offshore platform is placed on permanent catheter rack position further.

In an embodiment, deck case comprises further and is configured to obtain the link block be connected side by side with deck case like Equations of The Second Kind.

In an embodiment, deck case comprises the bridge connected link block being configured for and being connected to deck case like Equations of The Second Kind further.

According to each embodiment, there is provided a kind of and be configured to the smooth mat that is supported on by offshore platform on sea bed in marine single column platform, this smooth mat comprises: be configured to the top side connected with truss leg, truss leg is coupled to the deck of offshore platform post, and truss leg is rigidly secured to the top side of smooth mat; Be arranged as the bottom side rested on sea bed, bottom side comprises flat surfaces, and smooth mat is configured to receive the weight of offshore platform from truss leg, and this weight uniformity is delivered to smooth mat; And the intake system be provided on the bottom side of smooth mat, this intake system is configured to provide suction smooth mat to be held in place when the bottom side of mat rests on sea bed.

In an embodiment, smooth mat comprises the spraying system be provided on the bottom side of mat further, and spraying system is configured to pumps water below mat mat to be removed from sea bed.

In an embodiment, smooth mat comprises cabin further.

In an embodiment, the fluid being used as ballast is filled when cabin is configured to during transporting offshore platform and disposes offshore platform.

In an embodiment, cabin is configured to the content after the bottom side of smooth mat is placed in sea bed in release.

In an embodiment, cabin is configured to be used to after platform at sea starts to produce store oil.

In an embodiment, cabin is configured to fill air, to help to make mat rise from sea bed.

In an embodiment, smooth mat comprises multiple cabin further, and any one wherein in multiple cabin is configured to its content to migrate to another cabin.

In an embodiment, smooth mat comprises circumference along smooth mat and when the bottom side of smooth mat rests on sea bed close to the skirtboard of sea bed, skirtboard is configured to help mat to be fastened to sea bed further.

In an embodiment, smooth mat is included in the corrugated surface on the bottom side of smooth mat further, and this corrugated surface is configured to help the frictional force between the bottom side of increase mat and sea bed.

In an embodiment, smooth mat is included in the through hole in smooth mat further, the through-hole alignment that this through hole is corresponding with deck, and the truss leg through hole corresponding to deck and mat is vertically aimed at.

In an embodiment, the circumference place of through hole that smooth mat is configured in smooth mat is rigidly secured to multiple chord member legs of truss leg.

As previously mentioned, only for helping, the present invention's implicit principle is behind understood to the above description of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.The present invention is not interpreted as being limited to illustrative embodiment, but is restricted to following claims limited range.

Claims

1. an offshore platform, has shipping situation and deployable state, and described offshore platform comprises:

There is the deck case that at least one basic horizontal of top side and bottom side is smooth, wherein said deck case comprises: the modular interface on the top side of the flat surfaces of described deck case, this modular interface be suitable for realize for the equipment of offshore activities installation and remove; At least one substantially vertical through hole of bottom side is extended to from the top side of described deck case; With at least one ballast tank;

Have the mat that at least one basic horizontal of top side and bottom side is smooth, the mat of wherein said substantially flat comprises: at least one the substantially vertical through hole extending to bottom side from the top side of described mat; With at least one ballast tank; The top side face of wherein said mat to and be at least basically parallel to the bottom side of described deck case; And

There is at least one elongated truss leg of first end and the second end, wherein said elongated truss leg can engage described deck case movably by least one through hole of described deck case, and the second end of described truss leg is rigidly secured to described mat at least one through hole of described mat, make described elongated truss leg at least be basically perpendicular to described smooth deck case and described mat, thus described deck case can move to the position of the second end of contiguous described mat and described truss leg along described truss leg during described shipping situation; And

Wherein when at least one ballast tank of described mat is filled, described elongated truss leg moves via the through hole of described deck case, also makes described smooth mat be shifted vertically thus.

2. offshore platform according to claim 1, the bottom side of wherein said mat is suitable for pushing downwards and is placed on sea bed, thus offshore platform described in grappling.

3. offshore platform according to claim 1 and 2, wherein extends at least one substantially vertical through hole of bottom side and extends at least one substantially vertical through hole at least essentially concentric of bottom side from the top side of described mat from the top side of described deck case.

4., according to offshore platform in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein said deck case comprises at least one notch extending to described bottom side from described top side further.

5. offshore platform according to claim 4, at least one notch wherein said is along the circumference of described deck case.

6., according to offshore platform in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein said mat comprises at least one notch extending to described bottom side from described top side further.

7. offshore platform according to claim 6, at least one notch wherein said is along the circumference of described mat.

8. the offshore platform according to any one of claim 6 or 7, at least one notch of wherein said deck case and at least one notch of described mat are such: the notch of described deck case and the notch at least almost coaxial of described mat.

9. offshore platform according to claim 8, the coaxial notch of wherein said deck case and described mat is adapted to perform drill-well operation or oil production operations at described notch place, and at least one the substantially vertical through hole simultaneously extending to bottom side via the top side from described deck case and at least one substantially vertical through hole of extending to bottom side from the top side of described mat can perform oil production operations or drill-well operation interchangeably.

10. offshore platform according to any one of claim 1 to 9, wherein after the bottom side of described mat is placed in sea bed, the content of at least one ballast tank described can be released, and at least one ballast tank described is used to store liquid.

11. offshore platforms according to any one of claim 1 to 10, the bottom side of wherein said mat comprises at least one further and sucks point and/or at least one jet exit.

12. according to offshore platform in any one of the preceding claims wherein, and wherein at least one elongated truss leg can engage described deck case by least one through hole of described deck case movably via rack and pinion mechanism, hydraulic lifting mechanism or pulley system.

13. offshore platforms according to claim 12, wherein said rack and pinion mechanism is of portable form, and can remove from described offshore platform to transfer to another this offshore platform.

14. according to offshore platform in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein said elongated truss leg comprises at least three chord truss legs that polygon is arranged, these at least three chord truss legs are rigidly secured in the circumference place of at least substantially vertical through hole of described mat.

15. according to offshore platform in any one of the preceding claims wherein, and the length long enough of wherein said elongated truss leg is to be suitable for the degree of depth of any expection operating environment of described offshore platform.

16. according to offshore platform in any one of the preceding claims wherein, and the top side of wherein said mat has identical surface area at least substantially with the bottom side of described deck case.

17. according to offshore platform in any one of the preceding claims wherein, and wherein said elongated truss leg comprises the trussmember selected from the group be made up of K shape trussmember, the shape of falling K trussmember and X-shaped trussmember.

18. according to offshore platform in any one of the preceding claims wherein, and the shape of wherein said deck case is selected from by circle, square, rectangle, quadrangle, triangle or the oval group formed.

19. according to offshore platform in any one of the preceding claims wherein, and the shape of wherein said mat is selected from by circle, square, rectangle, quadrangle, triangle or the oval group formed.

20. according to offshore platform in any one of the preceding claims wherein, the modular interface of wherein said deck case comprises its specific part, and this specific part is designated as and connects with the equipment selected from the group be made up of drilling equipment, oil production equipment, jack lift and accommodations.

21. according to offshore platform in any one of the preceding claims wherein, comprises the helistop being attached to described deck case further.

22. according to offshore platform in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein said deck case comprises at least one locking mechanism further, this at least one locking mechanism close to described deck case circumference and be suitable for the locking mechanism of at least one correspondence of at least one other deck case engaging another offshore platform.

23. 1 kinds of offshore platform systems, comprising:

At least two offshore platforms according to any one of claim 1 to 22, described two offshore platforms are connected to each other; And

Each in wherein said at least two offshore platforms all relates to any one or multiple process that perform and select from the group that other process any necessary by drilling well, production, inhabitation and offshore operations forms.

24. 1 kinds of methods of disposing as offshore platform in any one of the preceding claims wherein, described offshore platform has shipping situation and deployable state, and described method comprises:

Described offshore platform is being drawn to deployed position under its shipping situation, under described shipping situation, the contiguous described mat of described deck case;

Described offshore platform being positioned at expection disposes above place;

Reduce the mat that described basic horizontal is smooth, dispose on place until described mat touches sea bed and is placed in described expection completely; And

Deck case smooth for described basic horizontal is promoted straight up along described elongated truss leg.

25. methods according to claim 24, wherein reduce the smooth mat of described basic horizontal and comprise the weight changing described mat and be lowered under gravity to make described mat.

26. methods according to claim 24 or 25, comprise further when described mat is lowered to sea bed, regulate the location of described offshore platform, be maintained at described expection dispose above place to make the position of described offshore platform.

27. methods according to claim 24, the deployable state of wherein said offshore platform comprises further in response to the change of the air gap between described deck case and water level and is promoted straight up along described elongated truss leg by described deck case.

28. 1 kinds of deck casees for marine single column platform, described deck case is configured to be connected to truss leg, and described truss leg is coupled to for the mat of weight support on sea bed by described deck case, and described deck case comprises:

Comprise the top side of modular interface, described modular interface is arranged to Modularly and installs or the equipment that removes for offshore activities, described modular interface comprise further from the interface of drilling equipment, with the interface of Petroleum Production unit, with the interface of jack lift, with the interface of inhabitation module and with multiple interfaces of selecting the interface of helistop;

Bottom side; And

Extend to the substantially vertical through hole of bottom side from the top side of described deck case, described through hole is configured to receive the described truss leg through this through hole;

Wherein said deck case comprises brace foundation structure and structural framing, described brace foundation structure is coupled to each interface in multiple interfaces of described modular interface, and described structural framing is configured to the deck load of Adaptive change to provide the modularization of equipment install or remove when described offshore platform is deployed in sea.

29. deck according to claim 28 casees, comprise at least one cabin further, and this at least one cabin is configured to the fluid of filling the ballast being used as described deck case, to have enough buoyancy to transport.

30. deck according to claim 29 casees, at least one cabin wherein said is configured to the emptying fluid being used as ballast, to allow to store the operative material comprising fuel or crude oil.

31. deck according to claim 28 casees, wherein said deck case is configured to be received in by drilling water-separation pipe in described vertical through hole to produce.

32. deck according to claim 28 casees, wherein said deck case is configured to make cable and pipeline reach sea bed by described vertical through hole from deck.

33. deck according to claim 28 casees, comprise at least one notch extending to described bottom side from described top side further.

34. deck according to claim 33 casees, at least one notch wherein said is along the circumference of described deck case.

35. deck according to claim 28 casees, comprise the rack and pinion mechanism being configured to engage described truss leg movably further.

36. deck according to claim 35 casees, wherein said rack and pinion mechanism is what can remove.

37. deck according to claim 35 casees, wherein said rack and pinion mechanism is configured to allow to change lifting gear.

38. deck according to claim 28 casees, comprise the locking mechanism being configured to described offshore platform is placed on permanent catheter rack position further.

39. deck according to claim 28 casees, comprise further and are configured to obtain the link block be connected side by side with deck case like Equations of The Second Kind.

40. deck according to claim 28 casees, comprise the bridge connected link block being configured for and being connected to deck case like Equations of The Second Kind further.

41. 1 kinds of smooth mats, be configured to described offshore platform to be supported on sea bed in marine single column platform, described smooth mat comprises:

Be configured to the top side connected with truss leg, described truss leg is coupled to the deck of offshore platform post, and described truss leg is rigidly secured to the top side of described smooth mat; With

Be arranged as the bottom side rested on sea bed, described bottom side comprises flat surfaces, and described smooth mat is configured to the weight receiving described offshore platform from described truss leg, and this weight uniformity is delivered to described smooth mat; And

Be provided in the intake system on the bottom side of described smooth mat, described intake system is configured to provide suction described smooth mat to be held in place when the bottom side of described mat rests on sea bed.

42. smooth mats according to claim 41, comprise the spraying system on the bottom side being provided in described mat further, and described spraying system is configured to pumps water below described mat described mat to be removed from sea bed.

43. smooth mats according to claim 41, comprise cabin further.

44. smooth mats according to claim 43, fill the fluid being used as ballast when wherein said cabin is configured to during transporting described offshore platform and disposes described offshore platform.

45. smooth mats according to claim 43, wherein said cabin is configured to the content discharged after the bottom side of described smooth mat is placed in sea bed in described cabin.

46. smooth mats according to claim 43, wherein said cabin is configured to be used to store oil after described offshore platform starts to produce.

47. smooth mats according to claim 43, wherein said cabin is configured to fill air, to help to make described mat rise from sea bed.

48. smooth mats according to claim 43, comprise multiple cabin further, and any one in wherein said multiple cabin is configured to its content to migrate to another cabin.

49. smooth mats according to claim 43, comprise the circumference along described smooth mat further and when the bottom side of described smooth mat rests on sea bed close to the skirtboard of sea bed, described skirtboard is configured to help described mat to be fastened to sea bed.

50. smooth mats according to claim 41, are included in the corrugated surface on the bottom side of described smooth mat further, and described corrugated surface is configured to help the frictional force between the bottom side of the described mat of increase and sea bed.

51. smooth mats according to claim 41, are included in the through hole in described smooth mat further, the through-hole alignment that described through hole is corresponding with described deck, and the described truss leg through hole corresponding to described deck and described mat is vertically aimed at.

52. smooth mats according to claim 51, the circumference place of the through hole that wherein said smooth mat is configured in described smooth mat is rigidly secured to multiple chord member legs of described truss leg.