CN104947179A - Method for preparing calcium sulfate whiskers - Google Patents
Method for preparing calcium sulfate whiskers Download PDFInfo
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- CN104947179A CN104947179A CN201510342626.5A CN201510342626A CN104947179A CN 104947179 A CN104947179 A CN 104947179A CN 201510342626 A CN201510342626 A CN 201510342626A CN 104947179 A CN104947179 A CN 104947179A
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- calcium sulfate
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- chloride solution
- steam pressure
- sulfate crystal
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing calcium sulfate whiskers. The method comprises the following procedures: with limestone as the raw material, grinding, leaching, size mixing, heating, crystallizing, nature determining by the hydrothermal method, steam-pressing, drying and the like. The produced calcium sulfate whiskers have the whitenness, the purity and the content of larger than or equal to 98% and the length-diameter ratio of 50-200. 200-350 kg of anhydrous calcium sulfate whiskers can be produced by each cubic meter of a dihydrate gypsum suspension. The produced whiskers are silky luster and can be used in the aspects of papermaking, coatings, rubber, plastics and the like. As limestone is adopted as the raw material to produce the anhydrous calcium sulfate whiskers, not only is the problem of natural gypsum exhaustion solved, but also optimal resource utilization is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of production technique and method of calcium sulfate crystal whiskers, particularly relate to the production technique of calcium sulfate crystal whiskers.
Technical background
Since crystal whisker materials finds.The material supply section scholars of various countries attach great importance to, and have have researched and developed hundreds of whisker at present.Have all kinds of crystal whisker materials such as metal, oxide compound, carbide, nitride, boride and inorganic silicate, wherein calcium sulfate crystal whiskers is as the one in matrix material, and technique is simple, cheap, and range of application is very extensive, more concerned.Of paramount importance enhancing component obtains the great attention of the industrially developed country such as the U.S., Japan, and in the last few years, along with the high development of China's economy, application quantity is also increasing.Therefore, from the initial stage eighties, China's emphasis is studied whiskers such as silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitrides, achieves breakthrough progress; These whisker excellent performances, but expensive, the occasion that some is special can only be used for.How to reduce the cost of whisker, and make it to be more widely used, obtain the attention of scientific and technological circle, at present, successful after deliberation gypsum fiber (whisker) production line, product is excellent property not only, and production cost is minimum in all kinds whisker.In the last few years, along with the development of the development of national economy, the promotion of policy and nonmetal industry self, increase to its demand in market, the development prospect of calcium sulfate crystal whiskers was fine.
Calcium sulfate crystal whiskers divides anhydrous, Ban Shui, three kinds, two water, and wherein the intensity of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker is the highest, and performance is best.Dihydrate gypsum whiskers does not have whisker reinforcement effect when using more than 110 DEG C, and prospects for commercial application is little; Anhydrous and hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker has stronger intensity and use value.Anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker has excellent educational level performance, good smoothness, and regenerability is good, nontoxic, with low cost, be widely used.Can be used for the increase constituent element of matrix material, friction material, pitch changes surname, environment-friendly engineering filtration, various rubber and plastic, papermaking, manufacture pottery, enamel, fire-clay crucible, refractory brick etc.As the filler of polishing agent, tackiness agent, paint and paper, in regenerated fiber, rubber (neoprene and viton), make promotor and catalyzer, can magnesia cement processed after mixing with solution such as magnesium chlorides.Also for glass, dyestuff, the industry such as phenoplast.For the manufacture of the filler in MAGNESIUM METAL and magnesium Xylonite, coating in chemical industry.Due to processing after anhydrous calciumsulphate and organic materials avidity strong, can mix in a large number, incorporation is more than 2 times of coarse whiting or fine particle calcium carbonate incorporation, the intensity of goods, rigidity, toughness, surface hardness, acid resistance, thermostability all increase, and namely the cost of goods per ton declines more than 200 yuan.
The generation essence of calcium sulfate crystal whiskers is the process of a dissolving, crystallization, dehydration, and reaction formula is as follows:
CaCl
2(solution)+H
2sO
4→ CaSO
42H
2o (particulate state)
CaSO
42H
2o (particulate state) → CaSO
41/2H
2o (threadiness)
CaSO
41/2H
2o (threadiness) → CaSO
4(anhydrous fiber shape)
CaSO
42H
2the dissolution process of O
Ca
2++ SO
4 2-+ 2H
2o → CaSO
42H
2o (dissolving crystallized process)
CaSO
42H
2o → CaSO
41/2H
2o (dehydration)
CaSO
41/2H
2o (threadiness) → CaSO
4(anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker is produced in dehydration)
CaSO
4·1/2H
2O→CaSO
4+1/2H
2O
Plaster stone belongs to oblique system, and its crystalline structure is by { SO
4tetrahedron and Ca be coupled to the bilayer being parallel to (010) face.When temperature is elevated to 100 ~ 150 DEG C, plaster stone discharges crystal water and becomes anhydrite.Under the condition of hydro-thermal, plaster stone in transformation of crystal process, due to its axially and the difference of lateral growth rate, it is along the direction one-dimensional growth fixed.The axis (010) of calcium sulphate crystal is { SO
4tetrahedron and { CaO
8octahedral mutual connection, be the strong direction in crystal, its growth velocity in this direction is the fastest, along this axis spiral dislocation growth; Its side is low energy face, and poor growth, does not even grow completely, and by surface diffusion to the screw feeding that the tip of whisker or basal plane are appeared, this just determines the growthhabit of calcium sulfate crystal whiskers.The calcium sulfate acicular seed crystal of certain number is placed in material solution, and control growing environment and be in lower saturation ratio, system is made to be in metastable phase, under phase driving force, make crystal along (010) face unidirectional growth of nucleus, thus granular plaster stone is continued in acicular growth.
The technology of current domestic production crystal whisker of gypsum take gypsum as raw material.Prepare its method of calcium sulfate crystal whiskers and mainly contain hydrothermal method and normal pressure acidization.Hydrothermal method plaster stone grinding is made into gypsum suspension be added in water autoclave and process, and under saturated vapour pressure, dihydrate gypsum becomes the semi-hydrated gypsum whisker of tiny needle-like, then obtains hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker through stable crystal formation process.Dehydrated gyp-whisker is become after drying.Plaster stone grinding is made into the heating of dihydrate gypsum suspension by normal pressure acidization, and at a certain temperature, dihydrate gypsum suspension can change needle-like hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker in an acidic solution.Its technological process comprises: grinding, material with slurry, hydro-thermal reaction, liquid separation, surface treatment, drying.
Existing gypsum fiber technology of preparing is raw material with the plaster of paris, belongs to Mineral Transformation method.The gypsum fiber quality product that the method is produced depends on raw materials for production, and the diameter of whisker depends on the impact of grind size.Product purity and whiteness affect significantly by the configuration of raw materials for production and equipment, need to select different mineral resources according to market demands.Such as: hydraulic pressure hot preparation gypsum fiber, its every cubic metre of dihydrate gypsum suspension made can produce 20 ~ 50kg calcium sulfate crystal whiskers.And normal pressure acidization is made every cubic metre of dihydrate gypsum suspension and can be produced 50 ~ 80kg calcium sulfate crystal whiskers.Yield poorly, can be good high, its whiteness 80% ~ 95%, whiteness purity is all change along with the change of mineral resources, do not reach product requirement, be not suitable with suitability for industrialized production.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the defect for prior art, a kind of preparation method of calcium sulfate crystal whiskers is provided.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of preparation method of calcium sulfate crystal whiskers, is raw material with Wingdale, comprises the following steps:
(1) Wingdale of preparation is pulverized, add the dilute hydrochloric acid prepared and react in retort, produce calcium chloride solution, reclaim carbon dioxide simultaneously;
(2) by the calcium chloride solution that configures under constantly stirring, adding magnesium chloride solution is crystal modifier, and adds dilute sulphuric acid, crystallisation by cooling under constantly stirring, and the speed of stirring is per minute 30 ~ 120 turns, washing and filtering after whisker growth completes;
(3) filtration washing is carried out qualitative to neutral calcium sulfate crystal whiskers hydrothermal method;
(4) calcium sulfate crystal whiskers is qualitative complete after filtered while hot, by the filter cake that filtered in autoclave steam pressure;
(5) after steam pressure completes, calcium sulfate crystal whiskers good for steam pressure is being obtained anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker in dry 2 ~ 6 hours at 110 ~ 200 DEG C.
Described limestone powder is broken to 46 ~ 100 orders.
In described step (2), the calcium chloride solution concentration of configuration is 1.5 ~ 3mol/L.
In described step (2), the concentration of magnesium chloride solution is 0.1 ~ 0.5mol/L, and the concentration of dilute sulphuric acid is 20% ~ 70%.
Described step (3) hydrothermal method qualitative employing stearic acid does qualitative dose, and stearic dosage is 0.3% ~ 5%, and adjust ph is 6 ~ 8, and time 20 ~ 60min qualitatively, temperature is 50 ~ 100 DEG C qualitatively, and stir speed (S.S.) is per minute 30 ~ 120 turns.
Described step (4) is in the temperature of autoclave steam pressure at 110 ~ 180 DEG C, and the steam pressure time is 60 ~ 120min.
There are the profuse Wingdale of work, rhombspar reserves, wherein Guangdong Province in China; Mountainous Regions of North Guangdong is In Limestone Area, and Wingdale, rhombspar reserves are very abundant.Raw material sources is extensive, ore can be had an opencast mining of, and exploitation is simple, with low cost.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention take Wingdale as raw material, produces the anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker of high whiteness, high purity, high-content.Calcium sulfate crystal whiskers whiteness >=98%, purity >=98%, calcium sulfate crystal whiskers content >=98%, length-to-diameter ratio 50 ~ 200 that the present invention produces.And every cubic metre of dihydrate gypsum suspension can produce 200 ~ 350kg calcium sulfate crystal whiskers.Whisker satin luster, can be used for the aspects such as papermaking, coating, rubber, plastics.Be raw material production anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker with Wingdale, not only solve the problem of plaster of paris resource exhaustion, and Optimum utilization resource, this represent the development trend of advanced productivity, is the mark of technical progress and industrial economy maturation.
2, the calcium sulfate crystal whiskers that the present invention produces decreases calcination process, and calcium chloride solution Heating temperature is reduced to 30 ~ 50 DEG C, reduces energy consumption, cost-saving.In addition the carbonic acid gas produced in process of production is recycled, and reduces the discharge of carbonic acid gas, reduces the impact on environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the production technological process of calcium sulfate crystal whiskers of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the electron microscope picture of calcium sulfate crystal whiskers of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, the present invention is further illustrated.
(1) raw material: with the Wingdale containing calcium carbonate 90% ~ 98% for raw material, Wingdale is worn into 46 ~ 100 order powder, and deliver to leaching workshop and go to leach, next process leaches.
(2) leach: the Wingdale of milled and hydrochloric acid (concentration 15% ~ 30%) and the dilute hydrochloric acid of recycling are mixed to get calcium chloride solution.
(3) size mixing: calcium chloride solution is transferred to 1.5 ~ 3mol/L, with magnesium chloride for turning brilliant enzyme, the content 0.1 ~ 0.5mol/L of magnesium chloride.
(4) normal temperature crystallization: the calcium chloride solution mixed up is added dilute sulphuric acid in the mode of normal temperature, carries out crystallization under constantly stirring.Filtration washing after whisker growth completes.After filtration, the solution containing acid is returned and leach drill traverse ore deposit.Next process is qualitative.
(5) qualitative: to be undertaken qualitative by hydrothermal method, regulate pH value 6 ~ 8, stearic acid does qualitative dose, and stearic dosage is 0.3% ~ 5%, characteristic time 20min ~ 60min, qualitatively temperature are 50 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, stir speed (S.S.) is per minute 30 ~ 120 turns.After carry out filtering, steam pressure.
(6) steam pressure: at 110 ~ 180 DEG C of saturation steam overdraft temperature, the steam pressure time is 60min ~ 180min.
(7) dry: by calcium sulfate crystal whiskers good for steam pressure at temperature is 110 DEG C ~ 200 DEG C dry 2 ~ 6 hours.Obtain Sulphuric acid calcium fiber.Can detect in drying process, to obtain the calcium sulfate crystal whiskers of different moisture content.
The major process unit flow process (see Fig. 1) of production line; Broken → to leach → turn crystalline substance → filtration → modification → steam pressure → drying.Measuring apparatus, dosing unit, pulping device, container for storing liquid, stirrer, homogenization device, volume pump, water treatment device (microfroc filter) dewatering unit (centrifugal filter, vacuum band-type filter machine), modified tank; Autoclave, dryer (drying room), and mass transport (rotary conveyor), power supply, heat supply, draining, environmental protection, the devices such as Automated condtrol.
Obtained calcium sulfate crystal whiskers Electronic Speculum as shown in Figure 2, records parameter as follows: CaSO
4: 136.14; Mean diameter: 0.5 ~ 2 μm; Mean length: 30 ~ 300 μm; Average aspect ratio: 50 ~ 200; Whiteness>=98%; Fusing point 1450 DEG C; Refractive index: 1.585; Water-soluble: (22 DEG C) <0.02%; Relative density 2.69g/cm
3; Loose volume weight: 0.15 ~ 0.4g/cm
3; Tensile strength 20.8GPa; Young's modulus 178GPa; Mohs' hardness 2; PH value 6 ~ 8.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above; but embodiment and accompanying drawing are not for limiting the present invention, being anyly familiar with this those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; can make various changes or retouch from working as, but same within protection scope of the present invention.What therefore protection scope of the present invention should define with the claims of the application is as the criterion.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for calcium sulfate crystal whiskers, is raw material with Wingdale, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) Wingdale of preparation is pulverized, add the dilute hydrochloric acid prepared and react in retort, produce calcium chloride solution, reclaim carbon dioxide simultaneously;
(2) by the calcium chloride solution that configures under constantly stirring, adding magnesium chloride solution is crystal modifier, and adds dilute sulphuric acid, crystallisation by cooling under constantly stirring, and the speed of stirring is per minute 30 ~ 120 turns, washing and filtering after whisker growth completes;
(3) filtration washing is carried out qualitative to neutral calcium sulfate crystal whiskers hydrothermal method;
(4) calcium sulfate crystal whiskers is qualitative complete after filtered while hot, by the filter cake that filtered in autoclave steam pressure;
(5) after steam pressure completes, calcium sulfate crystal whiskers good for steam pressure is being obtained anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker in dry 2 ~ 6 hours at 110 ~ 200 DEG C.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described limestone powder is broken to 46 ~ 100 orders.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2), the calcium chloride solution concentration of configuration is 1.5 ~ 3mol/L.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2), the concentration of magnesium chloride solution is 0.1 ~ 0.5mol/L, and the concentration of dilute sulphuric acid is 20% ~ 70%.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step (3) hydrothermal method qualitative employing stearic acid does qualitative dose, stearic dosage is 0.3% ~ 5%, adjust ph is 6 ~ 8, time 20 ~ 60min qualitatively, temperature is 50 ~ 100 DEG C qualitatively, and stir speed (S.S.) is per minute 30 ~ 120 turns.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (4) is in the temperature of autoclave steam pressure at 110 ~ 180 DEG C, and the steam pressure time is 60 ~ 120min.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105483816A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-04-13 | 湖南科技大学 | Method for preparing calcium sulfate whiskers from acetylene sludge and waste sulfuric acid |
| CN106319631A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-11 | 湖北永绍科技股份有限公司 | Comprehensive treating and utilizing method of sulfuric acid waste liquor and hydrochloric acid waste liquor |
| CN106350870A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 湖北永绍科技股份有限公司 | Disposal and utilization method for sulfuric acid waste liquid |
| CN112812418A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-18 | 李茜 | Modified plastic functional master batch and preparation method thereof |
| CN112876738A (en) * | 2019-03-30 | 2021-06-01 | 厦门大学 | High-performance calcium sulfate whisker material and preparation process thereof |
| CN113371749A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-10 | 西安吉利电子化工有限公司 | Method for treating calcium-containing sludge in semiconductor industry |
| CN114538840A (en) * | 2022-03-19 | 2022-05-27 | 青岛惠城环保科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength anti-freezing foam concrete with in-situ generated whiskers |
| CN115849426A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-28 | 四川青环达科技有限责任公司 | Method and system for purifying mud-containing natural gypsum and application of purified gypsum |
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| CN104532339A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-22 | 青海博川矿业开发有限公司 | Method for preparing calcium sulfate whisker from low-grade natural gypsum or gypsum tailings |
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| JPS54151592A (en) * | 1978-05-22 | 1979-11-28 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Gypsum wisker and its manufacture |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105483816A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-04-13 | 湖南科技大学 | Method for preparing calcium sulfate whiskers from acetylene sludge and waste sulfuric acid |
| CN106319631A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-11 | 湖北永绍科技股份有限公司 | Comprehensive treating and utilizing method of sulfuric acid waste liquor and hydrochloric acid waste liquor |
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| CN106350870B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2019-02-22 | 湖北永绍科技股份有限公司 | A kind for the treatment of and use method of sulfuric acid waste |
| CN112876738A (en) * | 2019-03-30 | 2021-06-01 | 厦门大学 | High-performance calcium sulfate whisker material and preparation process thereof |
| CN112876738B (en) * | 2019-03-30 | 2022-09-02 | 厦门大学 | High-performance calcium sulfate whisker material and preparation process thereof |
| CN112812418A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-18 | 李茜 | Modified plastic functional master batch and preparation method thereof |
| CN113371749A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-10 | 西安吉利电子化工有限公司 | Method for treating calcium-containing sludge in semiconductor industry |
| CN114538840A (en) * | 2022-03-19 | 2022-05-27 | 青岛惠城环保科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength anti-freezing foam concrete with in-situ generated whiskers |
| CN115849426A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-28 | 四川青环达科技有限责任公司 | Method and system for purifying mud-containing natural gypsum and application of purified gypsum |
| CN115849426B (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-05-07 | 桂明生 | Method for purifying natural gypsum containing mud, purifying system and application of purified gypsum |
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Application publication date: 20150930 |