CN104946252A - Method for preparing fluorescent carbon dots by using coal - Google Patents
Method for preparing fluorescent carbon dots by using coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN104946252A CN104946252A CN201510417503.3A CN201510417503A CN104946252A CN 104946252 A CN104946252 A CN 104946252A CN 201510417503 A CN201510417503 A CN 201510417503A CN 104946252 A CN104946252 A CN 104946252A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a green, pollution-free method for extracting fluorescent carbon dots from coal. The method comprises the steps of ball-milling, hydrogen peroxide oxidizing reacting, hydrogen peroxide removing, supernatant liquor cooling and drying and the like, and fluorescent carbon dot powder is obtained. The method has the advantages that the reaction is gentle and easy to control, and the yield is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to low-dimensional field of functional materials, be specifically related to a kind of method that coal prepares fluorescent carbon point.
Background technology
Fluorescent carbon point be particle diameter at nano level a kind of emerging carbon nano-functional material, usually elementary composition by C, H, O etc.Fluorescent carbon point is nontoxic, and has the optical characteristics of the many excellences of conventional semiconductors quantum dot.The characteristics of luminescence of fluorescent carbon point is mainly manifested in photoluminescence and electrochemiluminescence, and wherein fluorescence property is the most outstanding performance of carbon point.Carbon is as the organic backbone element of all living things, and relative to the fluorescent nano material that other elements are formed, the toxicity of fluorescent carbon point is low and have good biocompatibility.Therefore it is the desirable equivalent material of toxic semiconductor quantum dot, and be widely used in fields such as photovoltaic device, biological detection, photochemical catalysis prospect.
At present, carbon quantum dot synthetic method is a lot, but existing method exist cost high, not environmentally or raw material be difficult to defects such as obtaining.So lower, simple, the eco-friendly synthetic method of development cost is imperative.The carbon source that coal enriches as deposit, has the advantages that cost is low, distribution extensively, easily obtains, if can extract high-quality carbon quantum dot by appropriate means from coal, greatly will reduce experimental cost and advance fluorescent carbon point in the application of every field.Fluorescent carbon point is prepared with coal, the method reported is only limitted to process coal dust with the mixed solution of the strong oxidizers such as concentrated nitric acid, the vitriol oil, potassium permanganate when boiling and separate carbon point, but this method not only can cause a large amount of toxic gas to discharge, the utilization ratio of coal also can be reduced and the productive rate of carbon point is not high.In addition, because fluorescent carbon point is dispersed in strong acid solution, the means removing acid neutralize with alkali exactly.This not only can cause cost to improve, and can therefore produce a large amount of salt, thus causes many disadvantageous effects, carbon selects as affected performance and application, causes carbon point loss etc. when removing salt.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problem that existing fluorescent carbon point preparation method exists, a kind of green be provided, method that free of contamination coal prepares fluorescent carbon point.
Prepare the method for fluorescent carbon point with coal, it adopts following steps:
(1) coal dust is put into ball grinder, the solid amount of coal dust and ceramic grinding ball is made to account for the 1/3-2/3 of ball grinder volume, adding deionized water makes it cover coal dust surface, then to be placed on planetary ball mill with ball milling 3-8 hour under the rotating speed normal temperature of 300-600r/min, to obtain the coal dust suspension of black;
(2) coal dust suspension is mixed with hydrogen peroxide, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 10-20%, then stirring reaction 2-5 hour at 30-90 DEG C, and stirring velocity is 400-1000r/min;
(3) from the mixing solutions that step (2) is obtained by reacting, filter to isolate unreacted coal particle and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point; Unreacted coal particle processes further according to step (4), filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is boiled 10-30min and is removed unreacted hydrogen peroxide at 100 DEG C, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 10-30min of the rotating speed of 4000-11000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point;
(4) the unreacted coal particle filtered to isolate in step (3) mixes with hydrogen peroxide again, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 10-20%, stirring reaction 2-5 hour at 30-90 DEG C, stirring velocity is 400-1000r/min, reacted mixing solutions is filtered again, obtain the coal particle of non-complete reaction and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point, the coal particle of non-complete reaction is abandoned, filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is boiled at 100 DEG C 10-30min and remove unreacted hydrogen peroxide, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 10-30min of the rotating speed of 4000-11000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point,
(5) the supernatant liquor lyophilize will obtained in step (3) and (4), obtained fluorescent carbon point powder.
Described coal dust is the one in hard coal, brown coal, bituminous coal or semi-anthracitic coal coal dust.
The recovery rate of fluorescent carbon point of the present invention is 40-60%.
Owing to present invention employs technique scheme, solve that the cost that existing fluorescent carbon point preparation method exists is high, technical problem not environmentally, therefore, the present invention compared with background technology, have reaction temperature and, be easy to control, productive rate advantages of higher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the transmission electron microscope picture that the present invention prepares fluorescent carbon point;
Fig. 2 is the high-resolution-ration transmission electric-lens figure that the present invention prepares fluorescent carbon point;
Fig. 3 is fluorescent carbon point prepared by the present invention excites lower acquisition fluorescence emission spectrum at different wave length;
Fig. 4 is the photocatalytic activity sign that the present invention prepares fluorescent carbon point.
Embodiment
Detailed technology scheme of the present invention is introduced below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
The method preparing fluorescent carbon point with coal adopts following steps:
(1) coal dust is put into ball grinder, the solid amount of coal dust and ceramic grinding ball is made to account for 1/3 ~ 2/3 of ball grinder volume, adding deionized water makes it cover coal dust surface, then to be placed on planetary ball mill with ball milling 3-8 hour under the rotating speed normal temperature of 300-600r/min, to obtain the coal dust suspension of black;
(2) coal dust suspension is mixed with hydrogen peroxide, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 10-20%, then stirring reaction 2-5 hour at 30-90 DEG C, and stirring velocity is 400-1000r/min;
(3) from the mixing solutions that step (2) is obtained by reacting, filter to isolate unreacted coal particle and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point; Unreacted coal particle processes further according to step (4), filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is boiled 10-30min and is removed unreacted hydrogen peroxide at 100 DEG C, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 10-30min of the rotating speed of 4000-11000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point;
(4) the unreacted coal particle filtered to isolate in step (3) mixes with hydrogen peroxide again, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 10-20%, stirring reaction 2-5 hour at 30-90 DEG C, stirring velocity is 400-1000r/min, reacted mixing solutions is filtered again, obtain the coal particle of non-complete reaction and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point, the coal particle of non-complete reaction is abandoned, filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is boiled at 100 DEG C 10-30min and remove unreacted hydrogen peroxide, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 10-30min of the rotating speed of 4000-11000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point,
(5) the supernatant liquor lyophilize will obtained in step (3) and (4), obtained fluorescent carbon point powder.
Described coal dust is the one in hard coal, brown coal, bituminous coal or semi-anthracitic coal coal dust.
The recovery rate of above-mentioned fluorescent carbon point is 40-60%.
Embodiment 1
The method preparing fluorescent carbon point with coal in the present embodiment, it adopts following steps:
(1) 2g hard coal coal dust is put into ball grinder, add deionized water and make it cover coal dust surface, to be then placed on planetary ball mill with ball milling under the rotating speed normal temperature of 400r/min 6 hours, to obtain the coal dust suspension of black;
(2) coal dust suspension is mixed with hydrogen peroxide, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 15%, and stir 3 hours at 60 DEG C, stirring velocity is 1000r/min;
(3) from the mixing solutions that step (2) is obtained by reacting, filter to isolate unreacted coal particle and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point; Unreacted coal particle processes further according to step (4), filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is boiled 25min and is removed unreacted hydrogen peroxide at 100 DEG C, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 25min of the rotating speed of 5000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point;
(4) the unreacted coal particle filtered to isolate in step (3) mixes with hydrogen peroxide again, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 15%, stirring reaction 3 hours at 60 DEG C, stirring velocity is 1000r/min, reacted mixing solutions is filtered again, obtain the coal particle of non-complete reaction and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point, the coal particle of non-complete reaction is abandoned, filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is removed unreacted hydrogen peroxide boiling 25min at 100 DEG C, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 25min of the rotating speed of 5000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point,
(5) the supernatant liquor lyophilize will obtained in step (3) and (4), obtained fluorescent carbon point powder.
Embodiment 2
The method preparing fluorescent carbon point with coal in the present embodiment, it adopts following steps:
(1) 2g hard coal coal dust is put into ball grinder, add deionized water and make it cover coal dust surface, to be then placed on planetary ball mill with ball milling under the rotating speed normal temperature of 300r/min 8 hours, to obtain the coal dust suspension of black;
(2) coal dust suspension is mixed with hydrogen peroxide, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 12%, and stir 2 hours at 90 DEG C, stirring velocity is 600r/min;
(3) from the mixing solutions that step (2) is obtained by reacting, filter to isolate unreacted coal particle and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point; Unreacted coal particle processes further according to step (4), filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is boiled 30min and is removed unreacted hydrogen peroxide at 100 DEG C, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 10min of the rotating speed of 11000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point;
(4) the unreacted coal particle filtered to isolate in step (3) mixes with hydrogen peroxide again, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 12%, stirring reaction 2 hours at 90 DEG C, stirring velocity is 600r/min, reacted mixing solutions is filtered again, obtain the coal particle of non-complete reaction and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point, the coal particle of non-complete reaction is abandoned, filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is removed unreacted hydrogen peroxide boiling 30min at 100 DEG C, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 10min of the rotating speed of 11000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point,
(5) the supernatant liquor lyophilize will obtained in step (3) and (4), obtained fluorescent carbon point powder.
Embodiment 3
The method preparing fluorescent carbon point with coal in the present embodiment, it adopts following steps:
(1) 2g hard coal coal dust is put into ball grinder, add deionized water and make it cover coal dust surface, to be then placed on planetary ball mill with ball milling under the rotating speed normal temperature of 600r/min 3 hours, to obtain the coal dust suspension of black;
(2) coal dust suspension is mixed with hydrogen peroxide, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 20%, and stir 5 hours at 30 DEG C, stirring velocity is 400r/min;
(3) from the mixing solutions that step (2) is obtained by reacting, filter to isolate unreacted coal particle and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point; Unreacted coal particle processes further according to step (4), filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is boiled 15min and is removed unreacted hydrogen peroxide at 100 DEG C, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 15min of the rotating speed of 9000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point;
(4) the unreacted coal particle filtered to isolate in step (3) mixes with hydrogen peroxide again, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 20%, stirring reaction 5 hours at 30 DEG C, stirring velocity is 400r/min, reacted mixing solutions is filtered again, obtain the coal particle of non-complete reaction and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point, the coal particle of non-complete reaction is abandoned, filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is removed unreacted hydrogen peroxide boiling 15min at 100 DEG C, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 15min of the rotating speed of 9000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point,
(5) the supernatant liquor lyophilize will obtained in step (3) and (4), obtained fluorescent carbon point powder.
Embodiment 4
The method preparing fluorescent carbon point with coal in the present embodiment, it adopts following steps:
(1) 2g hard coal coal dust is put into ball grinder, add deionized water and make it cover coal dust surface, to be then placed on planetary ball mill with ball milling under the rotating speed normal temperature of 500r/min 4 hours, to obtain the coal dust suspension of black;
(2) coal dust suspension is mixed with hydrogen peroxide, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 10%, and stir 4 hours at 50 DEG C, stirring velocity is 800r/min;
(3) from the mixing solutions that step (2) is obtained by reacting, filter to isolate unreacted coal particle and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point; Unreacted coal particle processes further according to step (4), filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is boiled 10min and is removed unreacted hydrogen peroxide at 100 DEG C, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 30min of the rotating speed of 4000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point;
(4) the unreacted coal particle filtered to isolate in step (3) mixes with hydrogen peroxide again, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 10%, stirring reaction 4 hours at 50 DEG C, stirring velocity is 800r/min, reacted mixing solutions is filtered again, obtain the coal particle of non-complete reaction and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point, the coal particle of non-complete reaction is abandoned, filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is removed unreacted hydrogen peroxide boiling 10min at 100 DEG C, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 30min of the rotating speed of 4000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point,
(5) the supernatant liquor lyophilize will obtained in step (3) and (4), obtained fluorescent carbon point powder.
Hard coal coal dust in above-described embodiment can also use the one in brown coal, bituminous coal or semi-anthracitic coal coal dust to replace.
As shown in 1-2 figure, for showing the shape characteristic of fluorescent carbon point prepared by the present invention, done transmission electron microscope detection to fluorescent carbon point of the present invention (carbon nano-particle), it is dispersion state that result demonstrates carbon point, and distribution of sizes is 1-3nm.High-resolution-ration transmission electric-lens result shows that carbon point is crystal characteristic, and containing defectiveness.
As shown in 3 figure, for showing that carbon nano-particle of the present invention has the character of photoluminescence, the present invention have detected different wave length and excites the fluorescence emission spectrum giving carbon point, the fluorescence emission spectrum of result display carbon point mainly covers within the scope of 400-600nm, and glow peak has certain dependency to excitation wavelength.
As shown in 4 figure, for showing that the fluorescent carbon point that the present invention obtains has photocatalysis performance, the present invention directly puts into 1-10mol/L methylene blue and methyl orange solution the fluorescent carbon point of preparation, degradation of methylene blue and tropeolin-D, result shows that photocatalysis efficiency can reach 80% in 30min, far above the degradation rate of business nano titanium oxide (P25) photocatalyst.
The present invention only has CO in preparation process
2with a small amount of O
2release, nonhazardous gas produces.
Claims (3)
1. prepare the method for fluorescent carbon point with coal, it is characterized in that: adopt following steps:
(1) coal dust is put into ball grinder, the solid amount of coal dust and ceramic grinding ball is made to account for the 1/3-2/3 of ball grinder volume, adding deionized water makes it cover coal dust surface, then to be placed on planetary ball mill with ball milling 3-8 hour under the rotating speed normal temperature of 300-600r/min, to obtain the coal dust suspension of black;
(2) coal dust suspension is mixed with hydrogen peroxide, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 10-20%, then stirring reaction 2-5 hour at 30-90 DEG C, and stirring velocity is 400-1000r/min;
(3) from the mixing solutions that step (2) is obtained by reacting, filter to isolate unreacted coal particle and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point; Unreacted coal particle processes further according to step (4), filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is boiled 10-30min and is removed unreacted hydrogen peroxide at 100 DEG C, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 10-30min of the rotating speed of 4000-11000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point;
(4) the unreacted coal particle filtered to isolate in step (3) mixes with hydrogen peroxide again, in mixing solutions, the volumetric concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 10-20%, stirring reaction 2-5 hour at 30-90 DEG C, stirring velocity is 400-1000r/min, reacted mixing solutions is filtered again, obtain the coal particle of non-complete reaction and the filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point, the coal particle of non-complete reaction is abandoned, filtrate containing fluorescent carbon point is boiled at 100 DEG C 10-30min and remove unreacted hydrogen peroxide, and then liquid is poured in centrifuge tube, with the centrifugal 10-30min of the rotating speed of 4000-11000r/min, obtain the supernatant liquor containing fluorescent carbon point,
(5) the supernatant liquor lyophilize will obtained in step (3) and (4), obtained fluorescent carbon point powder.
2. coal according to claim 1 prepares the method for fluorescent carbon point, it is characterized in that: described coal dust is the one in hard coal, brown coal, bituminous coal or semi-anthracitic coal.
3. coal according to claim 1 prepares the method for fluorescent carbon point, it is characterized in that: the recovery rate of fluorescent carbon point of the present invention is 40-60%.
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| CN106167256A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-30 | 中北大学 | Utilize the method that ature of coal Colophonium prepares multicolor luminous adjustable carbon point |
| CN106479493A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-08 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of method for carbon source, carbon quantum dot being prepared by hydrogen peroxide low-temperature oxidation with brown coal |
| CN106556583A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-04-05 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of green of carbon quantum dot based on coal tar asphalt base is prepared and Fe3+Detection method |
| CN106566542A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-04-19 | 大连理工大学 | Preparation of carbon quantum dots based on coal tar asphalt and detection method for HCHO |
| CN107033893A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-08-11 | 中北大学 | Preparation method with double centre of luminescence fluorescent carbon points |
| CN109437154A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-08 | 河南理工大学 | A method of the controllable carbon quantum dot of energy band is prepared by raw material of coal |
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| CN113528133A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-22 | 安徽工业大学 | Preparation method of brown coal-based white fluorescent carbon dots |
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| CN106167256A (en) * | 2016-07-07 | 2016-11-30 | 中北大学 | Utilize the method that ature of coal Colophonium prepares multicolor luminous adjustable carbon point |
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| CN106479493A (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-08 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of method for carbon source, carbon quantum dot being prepared by hydrogen peroxide low-temperature oxidation with brown coal |
| CN106566542B (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2019-04-05 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of preparation of the carbon quantum dot based on coal tar asphalt base and the detection method of HCHO |
| CN106556583A (en) * | 2016-10-25 | 2017-04-05 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of green of carbon quantum dot based on coal tar asphalt base is prepared and Fe3+Detection method |
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| CN107033893A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-08-11 | 中北大学 | Preparation method with double centre of luminescence fluorescent carbon points |
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| CN109437154A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-03-08 | 河南理工大学 | A method of the controllable carbon quantum dot of energy band is prepared by raw material of coal |
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| CN111151278A (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2020-05-15 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of carbon-point composite bismuthyl carbonate visible-light-driven photocatalyst |
| CN111151278B (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2022-07-26 | 中北大学 | Preparation method of carbon dot composite bismuthyl carbonate visible-light-driven photocatalyst |
| CN112608743A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-06 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Preparation method of coal-based fluorescent carbon quantum dots |
| CN112608743B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-06-14 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Preparation method of coal-based fluorescent carbon quantum dots |
| CN113528133A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-22 | 安徽工业大学 | Preparation method of brown coal-based white fluorescent carbon dots |
| CN113528133B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2022-09-16 | 安徽工业大学 | Preparation method of brown coal-based white fluorescent carbon dots |
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