A kind of medicament-fertilizer mixture for preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease
Technical field
The present invention relates to pesticides farming fertilizer technical field, more particularly to a kind of medicine fertilizer for being used to prevent and treat corn top-rotten disease is mixed
Agent.
Background technology
Corn top-rotten disease is corn new expression, can be divided into from symptom it is bacillary infect, fungal infections, fungi bacterium mix
Conjunction is infected.
Corn top-rotten disease Symptoms complexity is various, can infect morbidity in corn whole growth period.Wheat seeding is plant
Slow-growing, there is yellow streak in blade edge chlorosis, and leaf malformation, shrinkage or distortion, grave illness strain are withered or dead;In growth
Later stage shows as leaf base and rots, only deposits master pulse, and middle and upper part is complete but more lopsided, and rear raw young leaves top is rotted, and causes blade short
Small, blade tip is withered or incomplete, and blade edge often occurs cutting incising and yellow striped for shape like knife;Strain shows as occurring not
Downgraded with degree, top vane is short and small, tissue is incomplete or gauffer distortion, basal part of stem internode is short, often there is channel-like cracking of seemingly damaging by worms,
The visible brown stain of vertical section, the slight disease plant later stage can take out male knot fringe, but female fringe is small, how shaky.Susceptible strain root system is undeveloped,
Main root is short, root hair is more and carefully in velvet-like, root cap rots brown stain.
Corn top-rotten disease finds that onset area accounts for the 1/3 of maize sown area then for 1998 first in Liaoning Province Fuxin,
Very fast in China's developmenting spread in recent years, the state of an illness is aggravated year by year, and occurrence scope constantly expands.Current Jilin, Liaoning, Heilungkiang,
The provinces and cities such as Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Beijing, the incidence of disease is 5%-34%, local plot be up to 70% with
On.Corn top-rotten disease occurs extensively, and harm is serious, and morbidity strain is had no harvest substantially, and Field diseases are production loss rate, progressively
Important disease as corn.
At present, the research both at home and abroad to corn top-rotten disease is less, lacks systematic research and effectively preventing measure, morbidity
Mechanism fails to understand that preventing and treating is difficult, and the preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease medicament of implementation is bactericide, fungicide or the two mixing, is carried out
Symptomatic treatment, without obvious prevention effect, there is no the report of the preventing and treating notable medicament of corn top-rotten disease effect.
Corn top-rotten disease is classified as ring by inventor by pathogenicity disease first at home by study of incident mechanism for many years
Border coercive disease, by inducing basal resistance, improves diseased plant resistance against diseases and resistance environment-stress ability, slows down and eliminate disease
The allergy that opportunistic pathogen is led to, facilitates the occurrence and development of pathogen symbiosis compatible with corn, prevention and control corn top-rotten disease,
It is the new discovery of corn top-rotten disease study of incident mechanism and chemical control research, at home and abroad there is not yet relevant report.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of efficient, low toxicity, the medicament-fertilizer mixture of preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease free from environmental pollution.
The medicament-fertilizer mixture of preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease of the present invention, its active ingredient includes plant growth regulator and ore deposit
Matter nutrient.
Specifically, the medicament-fertilizer mixture active ingredient includes the component of following parts by weight:Plant growth regulator 0.1-
60.0 parts, 0.1-60.0 parts of mineral nutrient element.
It is preferred that, the medicament-fertilizer mixture active ingredient includes the component of following parts by weight:Plant growth regulator 0.2-
40.0 parts, 1.3-40.0 parts of mineral nutrient element.
Wherein, parts by weight of the present invention can be the pesticide fields such as μ g, mg, g, kg known to unit of weight, also may be used
To be above-mentioned known unit of weight multiple, such as 10 times, 100 times, 1/10th, 1 percent.
The plant growth regulator is compound nitrophenol salt, the one or two of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, and wherein compound nitrophenol salt is compound nitrophenol
Sodium salt, compound nitrophenol sylvite or compound nitrophenol ammonium salt.
Described compound nitrophenol salt is by 5- nitroguaiacols salt, ortho-nitrophenyl phenates, p-nitrophenyl phenates according to weight ratio
1:2:3 compositions, its sodium salt, sylvite, ammonium salt are similar bioactive substance.
The mineral nutrient element is moderate-element calcium and trace element manganese, copper, the one or more of zinc.
Specifically, according to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art, the calcium, manganese, copper, zinc be can provide calcium, manganese,
The soluble-salt of copper, Zn-ef ficiency.
The soluble-salt of the moderate-element calcium is preferably calcium chloride, calcium formate, calcium acetate, calcium nitrate.
The trace copper, manganese, the soluble-salt of zinc are preferably copper chloride, manganese chloride, zinc chloride, manganese nitrate, nitric acid
The inorganic salts such as copper, the organic salt such as manganese acetate, copper acetate, zinc acetate.
In addition, corn top-rotten disease medicament-fertilizer mixture of the present invention can also include the soluble filler of 0.1-99.0 parts by weight.
The soluble filler is soluble inorganic salt or organic matter containing plant nutrient ingredient.
Preferably, the soluble inorganic salt containing plant nutrient ingredient or organic matter filler, such as potassium chloride, chlorination
Ammonium, potassium formate, potassium acetate, urea etc..
Present invention also offers application of the above-mentioned medicament-fertilizer mixture in the agricultural chemicals for preparing preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease.
Application of the present invention, application method is the common knowledge of this area, and such as foliar spray, pouring root, drip irrigation are excellent
Select foliar spray.The usage amount of the present invention can be adjusted as needed.
The medicament-fertilizer mixture for the corn top-rotten disease that the present invention is provided has following characteristics:
1st, in the medicament-fertilizer mixture for the preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease that the present invention is provided:
Compound nitrophenol salt, belongs to growth-promoting type plant growth regulator, is a kind of cell-activating agent, soluble in water, stable under normal temperature,
It is low toxicity, noresidue, applied widely.Compound nitrophenol salt can promote the plasm of cell to flow, and increase cell viability, promote growth
Development, improves crop disease-resistant anti-adversity ability.
Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (Diethyl Aminoethyl Hexanoate), also known as DA-6, chemical name hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol
Ester, belongs to growth-promoting type plant growth regulator, soluble in water, under normal temperature and neutral and stable under acidic conditions, low toxicity, noresidue,
It is applied widely.Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate can improve the activity of plant peroxidases and nitrate reductase, improve the content of chlorophyll, plus
Fast photosynthetic speed, strengthens degeneration-resistant anti-harmful ability, promotes plant cell division and elongation, promotes root system development, adjusts internal nutrient
Balance.
Calcium constituent for the moderate-element needed for plant growth, manganese, copper, Zn-ef ficiency for the trace element needed for plant growth,
Calcium, manganese, copper, Zn-ef ficiency are not only the mineral nutrition of plant, and can promote by superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidating
The active oxygen metabolism that important protective enzyme is participated in the plant such as thing enzyme (POD) and catalase (CAT), induction crop basis is anti-
Property, enhance disease resistance and resistance.
2nd, inventor is through study of incident mechanism for many years, and the immediate cause for finding corn top-rotten disease morbidity is bad environment
Condition, is environment-stress venereal disease evil, and the essence of aobvious disease is the systemic disease resistance that bad environmental condition reduces corn, is induced
Pathologic disease, shows as fungal infection, bacterium infection or fungi bacteria mixed infection, and effectively preventing approach should be induction
Resistance.Inventor has carried out preventing and treating the screening of corn top-rotten disease medicament-fertilizer mixture and assembled from the basic ideas of induction of resistance
Research.
Inventor has found calcium, magnesium, sulphur etc. by the research to the various moderate-elements needed for plant growth and trace element
In the trace element such as moderate-element and boron, copper, chlorine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, zinc, calcium, manganese, copper, Zn-ef ficiency have significantly anti-to crop
Property inducing action.
The present invention develops the medicament-fertilizer mixture of the preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease assembled, fully utilizes moderate-element calcium and micro member
Plain manganese, copper, the double action of the mineral nutrition of zinc and induction of resistance, with growth-promoting type growth regulator collective effect, induction basis
Resistance, enhances disease resistance, resistance and resists environment-stress ability, slows down corn allergy, promotes diseased plant to recover rapidly just
It is frequently grown, prevents and control the occurrence and development of corn top-rotten disease.
Formulation screening test shows, plant growth regulator compound nitrophenol salt, one kind of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate or two kinds, with mineral nutrition
Element calcium, manganese, copper, the one or more of zinc, are assembled by a certain percentage, and preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease effect is notable.Wherein growth is adjusted
Save and acted synergistically significantly between agent, moderate-element calcium, micro- three component;Growth regulator and moderate-element calcium, growth regulating
There is also synergy between agent and trace copper MnZn.
3rd, the medicament-fertilizer mixture for the preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease that the present invention is provided, can directly be mixed according to technology well known in the art
Various types of preparations are made after conjunction, such as pulvis, aqua, preferably solvable pulvis.
The preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease medicament-fertilizer mixture that the present invention is provided, is also applied for corn and the herbicide medicine of other crops
Evil, hormone poisoning, low temperature freezing-disaster etc..
4th, compared with the prior art of popularization, the pesticide control carried out at present is fungicide and bactericide, preventing and treating effect
It is really very poor;The medicament-fertilizer mixture that the present invention is provided, make use of moderate-element calcium and trace element manganese, copper, the mineral nutrition of zinc and anti-
Property induction double action, and growth-promoting type growth regulator collective effect, inducing maize basal resistance, enhancing resistance environment-stress
Ability, prevention and control corn top-rotten disease occurrence and development, preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease effect it is notable.It is general to be sprayed using blade face
Apply, the generation of prevention corn top-rotten disease can be not only sprayed in advance, can also be treated after corn top-rotten disease generation.
Embodiment
Following examples and experimental example further illustrate present disclosure, but should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the following examples, the particle size range of all raw materials is not limited, but in order to meet mixture preparation mobility,
The need for evenness, preferred size is 0.01-0.99mm raw material components.But should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In addition, the active ingredient used in the present invention is the higher raw material of commercially available purity, purity does not reach 100%, but
Other influences will not be produced to prevention effect.
Compound sodium nitrophenolate+1%Ca+0.1%Mn+0.1%Cu+0.1%Zn the aquas of embodiment 1 0.2%
Weigh the compound sodium nitrophenolate 0.2g of purity 98%, the calcium formate 3.4g of calcium content 29.2%, the four of manganese content 21.3%
Water manganese acetate 0.47g, a water copper acetate 0.33g of copper content 30.2%, two water zinc acetate 0.35g of Zn content 28.3%, put
In the volumetric flask for entering 100ml, dissolve and quantitative to 100ml, aqua is made.
The solvable pulvis of potassium para-nitrophenate+20%Ca+5%Cu+5%Zn of embodiment 2 10%
Weigh the potassium para-nitrophenate 10.2g, the calcium chloride 58.5g of calcium content 34.2%, copper content 44.9% of purity 98%
Copper chloride 11.1g, the zinc chloride 11.0g of Zn content 45.5%, filler urea 9.2g, are well mixed, and solvable pulvis is made.
The solvable pulvis of compound nitrophenol ammonium+20%Ca+10%Mn+5%Zn of embodiment 3 5%
Weigh the compound nitrophenol ammonium 5.1g, the calcium chloride 58.5g of calcium content 34.2%, the chlorine of manganese content 41.5% of purity 98%
Change manganese 24.2g, the zinc chloride 11.0g of Zn content 45.5%, filler ammonium chloride 1.2g, be well mixed, solvable pulvis is made.
The solvable pulvis of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate+5%Ca+15%Mn+15%Cu of 4 5% compound sodium nitrophenolate of embodiment+5%
Weigh the compound sodium nitrophenolate 5.1g, 98% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 5.1g, the calcium chloride of calcium content 34.2% of purity 98%
14.6g, the manganese chloride 36.1g of manganese content 41.5%, the copper chloride 33.4g of copper content 44.9%, filler potassium chloride 5.7g, mixing
Uniformly, solvable pulvis is made.
The solvable pulvis of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate+10%Ca+10%Mn of embodiment 5 5%
Weigh the diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 5.1g, the calcium chloride 29.2g of calcium content 34.2%, the chlorination of manganese content 41.5% of purity 98%
Manganese 24.1g, filler ammonium chloride 41.6g, are well mixed, and solvable pulvis is made.
The solvable pulvis of compound sodium nitrophenolate+15%Ca+10%Cu of embodiment 6 10%
Weigh the compound sodium nitrophenolate 10.2g, the calcium chloride 43.9g of calcium content 34.2%, copper content 44.9% of purity 98%
Copper chloride 22.3g, filler potassium chloride 23.6g, are well mixed, and solvable pulvis is made.
The solvable pulvis of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate+15%Ca+10%Zn of embodiment 7 5%
Weigh the diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 5.1g, the calcium chloride 43.9g of calcium content 34.2%, the chlorination of Zn content 45.5% of purity 98%
Zinc 22.0g, filler urea 29.0g, are well mixed, and solvable pulvis is made.
The solvable pulvis of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate+25%Ca of 8 5% compound sodium nitrophenolate of embodiment+5%
Weigh the compound sodium nitrophenolate 5.1g, 98% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 5.1g, the calcium chloride of calcium content 34.2% of purity 98%
73.1g, filler urea 16.7g, are well mixed, and solvable pulvis is made.
The solvable pulvis of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate+5%Mn+5%Cu+5%Zn of 9 5% compound sodium nitrophenolate of embodiment+5%
Weigh the compound sodium nitrophenolate 5.1g, 98% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 5.1g, the manganese chloride of manganese content 41.5% of purity 98%
12.1g, the copper chloride 11.1g of copper content 44.9%, the zinc chloride 11.0g of Zn content 45.5%, filler ammonium chloride 55.6g, are mixed
Close uniform, solvable pulvis is made.
The solvable pulvis of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate+40%Cu of 10 5% compound sodium nitrophenolate of embodiment+5%
Weigh the compound sodium nitrophenolate 5.1g, 98% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 5.1g, the copper chloride of copper content 44.9% of purity 98%
89.1g, filler ammonium chloride 0.7g, are well mixed, and solvable pulvis is made.
The solvable pulvis of compound sodium nitrophenolate+40%Mn of embodiment 11 3%
The compound sodium nitrophenolate 3.1g, the manganese chloride 96.4g of manganese content 41.5%, filler potassium chloride 0.5g of purity 98% are weighed,
It is well mixed, solvable pulvis is made.
The solvable pulvis of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate+25%Zn of 12 20% compound sodium nitrophenolate of embodiment+20%
Weigh the compound sodium nitrophenolate 20.4g, 98% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 20.4g, the zinc chloride of Zn content 45.5% of purity 98%
54.9g, filler urea 4.3g, are well mixed, and solvable pulvis is made.
Experimental example 1:
1 test process
Test process and spraying concentration are shown in Table 1.Wherein, processing 1-12 is respectively medicament-fertilizer mixture prepared by embodiment 1-12;
Processing 13-16 is respectively component control ck1、ck2、ck3、ck4;Processing 17-19 is respectively medicament control " carbendazim+streptomysin "
ck5, carbendazim ck6, agricultural streptomycin ck7;Processing 20 is that clear water compares ck0, wherein:
Handle 13 (ck1, the solvable pulvis of the diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate of 5% compound sodium nitrophenolate+5%):Weigh purity 98% compound sodium nitrophenolate 5.1g,
98% diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 5.1g, filler urea 89.8g, is well mixed, and solvable pulvis is made.
Handle 14 (ck2, the solvable pulvis of 25%Ca+2%Mn+2%Cu+2%Zn):Weigh the calcium chloride of calcium content 34.2%
73.1g, the manganese chloride 4.8g of manganese content 41.5%, the copper chloride 4.5g of copper content 44.9%, the zinc chloride of Zn content 45.5%
4.4g, filler urea 13.2g, are well mixed, and solvable pulvis is made.
Handle 15-19:Commercially available product.
The test process of table 1 is set
Note:It is raw to adjust as the abbreviation of plant growth regulator.
2 test methods
Experimental field select in Qingfeng County willow lattice.Corn variety is sliding jade 11, and 4200 plants/acre of density waits line-spacing to plant, line-spacing
0.6 meter.Cell is 6 row areas, and row is long 10 meters, plot area 36m2.4 repetitions, random district's groups arrangement.Corn typhon mouthful phase hair
Raw top rot, initial diseased plant shows disease and starts to spray after 4 days, is sprayed for 3 days second after first time medication, shares medicine 2 times, second
Spray investigation cell incidence after 3 days.
Grade scale:Healthy tree, normal strain or diseased plant restore normal growth;Diseased plant, shows diseased plant symptom, does not recover or not complete
It restore normal growth entirely.
Prevention effect calculation formula is as follows:
Diseased plant rate (%)=diseased plant number/investigation total strain number × 100
Prevention effect (%)=(1-processing diseased plant rate/control diseased plant rate) × 100
3 result of the tests:It is shown in Table 2.
Table 2 prevents and treats corn top-rotten disease result of the test summary sheet
The result of table 2 is shown:
1) processing 1-12 is plant growth regulator, the mixture of mineral nutrient element, and prevention effect is 68.5%-
97.9%;Handle 13-16 to compare for component, wherein processing 13,15,16 is plant growth regulator compound nitrophenol salt, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate
Mixture or single dose ck1、ck3、ck4, processing 14 is the mixture ck of mineral nutrient element2, prevention effect is 30.3%-47.8%.Place
Reason 1-12 prevention effect pole is significantly better than component control treatment 13-16.As a result show, in the range of this experiment setting,
Plant growth regulator and mineral nutrient element, have synergy in the preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease medicament-fertilizer mixture assembled.
2) processing 1-7 be considered as plant growth regulator, moderate-element calcium, trace element three component mixtures, prevent
Effect is controlled for 93.5%-97.9%;Handle 8-12 be plant growth regulator and moderate-element calcium or plant growth regulator with
Two component mixtures of trace element, prevention effect is 68.5%-75.2%.Processing 1-7 prevention effect pole is significantly better than processing
8-12.As a result show:Significant synergy is there are between plant growth regulator, moderate-element calcium, micro- three component,
Three component mixtures are mixed better than two components of plant growth regulator and moderate-element calcium and plant growth regulator and trace element
Match somebody with somebody.
3) processing 1-7 in, plant growth regulator be compound nitrophenol salt, the one or two of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, trace element for copper,
Prevention effect is without significant difference between the one or more of manganese, zinc, processing.As a result show, growth regulator compound sodium nitrophenolate, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate
Between, it there are compensation between trace copper, manganese, zinc.
4) processing 13,15,16 is that component compares the raw mixture adjusted or single dose, and processing 14 is component control mineral nutrition member
Element combination, processing 17,18,19 is that medicament compares " carbendazim+streptomysin ", carbendazim, agricultural streptomycin, processing 13,15,16
Prevention effect pole is significantly better than processing 14,17,18,19, while without significance difference between the prevention effect of processing 14,17,18,19
It is different.As a result show, raw preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease effect of adjusting is combined better than bactericide and mineral nutrient element, and bactericidal agent for preventing and treating is beautiful
Rice top rot effect is suitable with mineral nutrient element, points out bactericide not to be suitable for preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease.
Experimental example 2
1 test material and method
Formulation components:The solvable pulvis of diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate+15%Ca+2%Mn+2%Cu+2%Zn of 2% compound sodium nitrophenolate+2%
Raw material is crushed to the particle that granularity is 0.01-0.99mm respectively, weigh 98% compound sodium nitrophenolate 2.0g, 98%
Diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate 2.0g, the calcium chloride 43.9g of calcium content 34.2%, the manganese chloride 4.8g of manganese content 41.5%, copper content 44.9%
Copper chloride 4.5g, Zn content 45.5% zinc chloride 4.4g, weigh filler 38.4g respectively, are well mixed, and solvable pulvis is made.
Filler is handled:Potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, potassium formate, potassium acetate, urea, prepare preventing and treating beautiful as stated above
Rice top rot medicament-fertilizer mixture is processing 1-5, clear water control ck0For processing 6.Processing 1-5 dilutes 1000 times of liquid respectively, has been configured to
Composition 250ppm is imitated, wherein plant growth regulator concentration is 40ppm solution.
Test method is with experimental example 1.
2 result of the tests:It is shown in Table 3
Influence of the different fillers of table 3 to prevention effect
The result of table 3 shows, respectively with potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, potassium formate, potassium acetate, urea etc. containing plant nutrient can
Soluble inorganic salt or organic matter are filler, the preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease medicament-fertilizer mixture of preparation, and prevention effect is 94.6%-
96.6%.Through significance difference analysis, the medicament-fertilizer mixture for the preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease that different fillers are prepared, prevention effect is without notable
Difference.
Although above having made to retouch in detail to the present invention with general explanation, embodiment and experiment
State, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is apparent to those skilled in the art
's.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, are belonged to claimed
Scope.