CN104942350B - Hardened steel test specimen, fabrication evaluation method, method for designing, car door method for milling - Google Patents
Hardened steel test specimen, fabrication evaluation method, method for designing, car door method for milling Download PDFInfo
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- CN104942350B CN104942350B CN201510372318.7A CN201510372318A CN104942350B CN 104942350 B CN104942350 B CN 104942350B CN 201510372318 A CN201510372318 A CN 201510372318A CN 104942350 B CN104942350 B CN 104942350B
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
- B23C3/16—Working surfaces curved in two directions
- B23C3/20—Working surfaces curved in two directions for shaping dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0995—Tool life management
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/12—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring vibration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/20—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q2717/00—Arrangements for indicating or measuring
- B23Q2717/006—Arrangements for indicating or measuring in milling machines
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of hardened steel test specimen, fabrication evaluation method, method for designing and car door method for milling.The many hardness transitionals of high-speed milling of the present invention are hardened the process design method of steel mold, and the method for carrying out overall merit again is detected by using test specimen, are solved prior art and be there is the interrelated caused technological design collision problem of numerous evaluation indexes.The detection method carries out milling cutter detection using surface of test piece curvature and firmness change feature, solves the problems, such as that product surface quality is difficult to ensure that.There is the test specimen multi-curvature to change, many hardness part combination features, and it is reduced causes to destroy problem to die face because milling cutter is damaged.Car door cavity plate method for milling of the present invention, by rotating speed and the difference of feed speed, reduces process time and uses knife quantity, reduces machined surface roughness, improves machining accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method detected for hardened steel cavity plate high-speed milling process program, one kind is further related to
Detection many hardness transitional hardened steel concave curved surface test specimens, the process design method of high-speed milling hardened steel cavity plate, and a kind of car
Door method for milling.
Background technology
Automobile door plate mould mainly uses alloy cast iron 7CrSiMnMoV (HRC30-35) and hardened steel Cr12MoV
(HRC40-65) it is, high to machined surface quality requirement.Such mould belongs to flat curved surface features class mould, i.e. machining is medium-sized
The radius of curvature in face is larger, and machining inclination angle is smaller, and in cutting process to be presented as that shear blade cuts, cutter wear is very fast more, and one
The service life of milling cutter cannot be met large-scale face processing long stroke and the requirement long lasting for processing, need to cutter wear,
Timely shutdown inspection tool changing during badly broken influence crudy.
Tool marks are connect in order to reduce that tool changing causes, in technological design and tool path planning, it is desirable to milling cutter as few as possible
Cut, the continuity of die face processing is ensured as far as possible.When processing such mould using existing process, there is milling cutter
The problem demanding prompt solution such as vibration is big, stock-removing efficiency is low, milling cutter service life is short and machined surface quality is unstable.
The content of the invention
First purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of many hardness transitionals of high-speed milling and hardens the technological design side of steel mold
Method, solves prior art and there is the interrelated caused technological design collision problem of numerous evaluation indexes, and evaluation index mould
The problems such as design caused by type disunity is without solving or solving more, can obtain optimum process in High Speed Milling of Hardened Steels parameter field
Scheme.
The purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of many hardness transitionals of high-speed milling harden the process design method of steel mold, successively including following design cycle：
A. determine that many hardness transitionals for treating milling harden steel mold；
B. the processing request according to the mould determines technological design target；
C. test specimen is designed and processes, the test specimen covers all hardness and Curvature varying mode of mould；
D. workpiece material storehouse, lathe storehouse, tool magazine, cutting parameter and cutting path storehouse, process rule storehouse are accessed, it is determined that examination
The high-speed milling process program of part；
E. test specimen high-speed milling experiment；
F. output test result；
G. judge whether to meet the target call that b step determines
It is to continue h steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
H. compare with process rule storehouse, judge whether to meet cutting force thermal confinement condition
It is to continue i steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
I. compare with process rule storehouse, judge whether to meet damping requirements
It is to continue j steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
J. compare with tool magazine, judge whether to meet the requirement of milling cutter service life
It is to continue k steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
K. judge whether to meet the requirement on crudy in b step design object
It is to continue l steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
L. judge whether to meet the requirement on processing efficiency in b step design object
It is to continue m steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
M. N number of process program is obtained；
N. also other schemes are judged whether
It is to return to Step d；
It is no, continue o steps；
O. technological design schemes synthesis are evaluated；
P. optimum process scheme is obtained.
Preferred scheme is that the technological design target includes：Hardened steel stock-removing efficiency, process time, milling cutter vibration frequency,
Machined surface roughness, milling cutter damaged degree, milling cutter service life, the milling cutter quantity of consumption.
Preferred scheme is, the workpiece material storehouse, lathe storehouse, tool magazine, cutting parameter and cutting path storehouse, process rule
Storehouse content is as follows：
The workpiece material storehouse include hardness HRC30-65 Cr12MoV, 7CrSiMnMoV be quenched, under quenching condition
Physical and mechanical properties；
Described lathe storehouse includes the running parameter of three axles and Five-axis numerical control milling machine for mould processing；
Described tool magazine includes the diameter 12mm-30mm rose cutters material and structural parameters for mould processing；
Described cutting parameter is included for workhardness in HRC30-65 moulds with cutting path storehouse, cutter production
Producer provide cutter sample described in cutting parameter and cutting path, and production in actually use along die length, width
Spend the parallel cutting path in direction and around rotating speed, feed speed, milling width, the milling depth when cutting in mold cavity edge week；
Process rule storehouse includes cutting force computing formula, the damaged intensity judgment formula of milling cutter, finished surface scallop-height
Computing formula, milling cutter life formula, stock-removing efficiency computing formula.
Preferred scheme is that the concrete mode of the o steps " evaluation of technological design schemes synthesis " is as follows：
(1) many hardness transitional hardened steel technological design scheme incidence matrix of high-speed milling are set up, it is as shown in the table；
Technological design scheme incidence matrix
(2) evaluation index value to many hardness transitional hardened steel technological design schemes of high-speed milling is normalized,
Then i-th design is to j-th evaluation of estimate v of increment type evaluation indexijWith from excellent degree of membership μijFor：
I-th design be to the evaluation of estimate of j-th decrescendo evaluation index：
(3) many hardness transitional hardened steel technological design schemes synthesis evaluation models of high-speed milling are built as shown in the table；
Process program comprehensive evaluation model
Use Evaluation formula obtain high-speed milling hardened steel evaluation of process program indicator combination weight for：
In formula, ajIt is subjective weight coefficient, bjObjective weight coefficient.
Using upper table computational methods, using maximum value principle to many hardness transitional hardened steel technological design sides of high-speed milling
Case is evaluated, and the more big then high-speed milling hardened steel process program of comprehensive evaluation value is better.
During using existing process Machining Hardened Steels cavity plate, the surface quality of finishing can not meet die-face design
It is required that, subsequent artefacts' polishing amount is big, it is long to expend the time；The high-speed milling process design method that the present invention is provided, by many
Hardness transitional hardened steel concave curved surface test specimen High Speed Milling Experiment, for test specimen finished surface curvature and firmness change, high-speed milling cutter
Structure, cutting path, cutting parameter are to hardened steel stock-removing efficiency, milling cutter vibration, machined surface roughness, milling cutter breakage and use
The influencing characterisitic in life-span, using high-speed milling hardened steel technological design scheme incidence matrix and high-speed milling hardened steel process synthesis
Evaluate, solve the interrelated caused technological design collision problem of numerous evaluation indexes, and evaluation index model disunity
The problems such as caused design is without solving or solving more, can obtain optimum process scheme in High Speed Milling of Hardened Steels parameter field.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of inspection of many hardness transitional hardened steel mould process schemes of high-speed milling
Survey method, solve prior art exist milling cutter by cutting force impact and it is frequent enter withdrawing influenceed and being lost seriously causes finished surface
The problem that quality is difficult to ensure that.
The purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of detection method of many hardness transitional hardened steel mould process schemes of high-speed milling, according to treating that many hardness of milling spell
The hardness range and Curvature varying mode of steel mold of hardening are connect, test specimen is processed, the test specimen covers all hardness and song of mould
Rate constant interval；Output test result after high-speed milling experiment is carried out to test specimen, and then detects the milling process to mould milling
The effect cut.
Preferred scheme is that detection process is as follows successively：
(1) test specimen is prepared, all hardness and Curvature varying that the test specimen covers mould are interval；
(2) the diameter 20mm of coated cemented carbide insert, the two of Mold processing 75mm are installed using at least two identicals
The indexable high speed rose cutter of tooth, on five-axle number control machine tool UCP710, using the parallel mill along piece lengths 400mm directions
Cutting path and along upmilling alternate milling mode, with least two cutting schemes, carry out the vibration of cutting of hardened steel die sinking cutter,
Machined surface roughness and cutter wear, damaged test test experiments；
(3) using the parallel mill cutting path along piece lengths 400mm directions, to milling cutter vibration and roughness of machining surface
Degree is sampled；
(4) each sampled point of finished surface is extracted along radius of curvature, hardness on milling cutter feeding and milling width, is gone forward side by side
Row milling cutter axis is calculated with the machining inclination angle and Unit cutting force folded by finished surface normal direction；
(5) testing result of milling cutter vibration and machined surface roughness can be obtained using such scheme.
Test result indicate that, the detection method can detect many hardness transitional hardened steel concave curved face curvatures and hardness frequently
Numerous change condition lower milling cutter machining inclination angle, Unit cutting force, the variable condition of milling cutter vibration, can be obvious using experimental results
The quality of different process scheme is distinguished, and can detect that stock-removing efficiency improves the influence to high-speed milling cutter cutting ability；Pass through
Test milling cutter breakage state, can test the milling cutter service life used by many hardness transitional hardened steel cavity plates of high-speed milling,
To avoid, because milling cutter service life is not enough, the damaged destruction caused to die face occurring in cutting midway.
Third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of many hardness transitional hardened steel concave curved surface test specimens, solves milling cutter vibration and leads
Machined surface quality is caused to decline, and milling cutter service life is not enough, breakage occurs in cutting midway causes to ask die face destruction
Topic.
The purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of many hardness transitional hardened steel concave curved surface test specimens, structure is as follows：
(1) test specimen is the rectangular structure being made up of 7 parts, overall size 400mm × 300mm × 147mm, such as
Shown in Fig. 1；
(2) 7 parts of composition test specimen are respectively part 1, part 2, part 3, part 4, part 5, part 6, part 7；
(3) part 1, part 2, part 3, part 4, part 5, the lower surface of part 6 pass through alignment pin and trip bolt and zero
The upper surface of part 7 is connected, and positioned at the middle part in piece lengths 400mm directions, makes part 7 along length 400mm directions two
The reserved each 50mm spaces in side, are connected with lathe work nest for test specimen, fix；
(4) along specimen width 300mm directions, part 1, part 2, the two ends of part 3 connect with part 4, the side of part 5 respectively
Connect；Part 6 is connected with the another side of part 5；
(5) along piece lengths 400mm directions, the side of the both sides of part 2 respectively with part 1, part 3 is connected, and with zero
Part 4, the alignment of the two ends of part 5；
(6) part 1, part 2, part 3, part 4, part 5, the upper surface of part 6 collectively form test specimen 300mm × 300mm
The high-rate wireless LAN region of × 38mm；
(7) the high-rate wireless LAN region of test specimen 300mm × 300mm × 50mm is by concave curved bottom surface and a groove structure
Into；
(8) bottom in test specimen high-rate wireless LAN region is concave curved surface, and it begins along specimen width 300mm directional curvatures radius
It is eventually 800mm, it is distributed along the radius of curvature in piece lengths 400mm directions in 1100mm, 1500mm；
(9) polygonal grooves of test specimen high-rate wireless LAN region depth 35mm, overall size be 250mm × 165mm ×
35mm, on concave curved bottom surface, across part 1, part 2, part 3, its outer surface by straight line and radius be 20mm, 30mm,
The circular sliding slopes of 50mm and 75mm are formed, inner surface by straight line and radius for the circular sliding slopes of 20mm and 30mm are formed, interior appearance
Face longest distance 40mm, surrounding side elevation is in 3 ° of gradients；Groove floor is plane, with side radius 3mm；Inner surface
Surround region top surface to be made up of two planes, with length direction center line as boundary, the plane on part 1, part 2 is relatively low,
Plane on part 2, part 3 is higher, and two levels difference is 10mm, with side radius 3mm.
The material and stiffness characteristics of the test specimen component part be：
(1) material of part 1 uses Cr12MoV forging, and hardness is HRC40~45 after quenching；
(2) material of part 2 uses Cr12MoV forging, and hardness is HRC50~55 after quenching；
(3) material of part 3 uses Cr12MoV forging, and hardness is HRC60~65 after quenching；
(4) material of part 4 and part 6 uses Cr12MoV forging, and hardness is HRC30~35 after quenching；
(5) material of part 5 uses 7CrSiMnMoV, and hardness is HRC30~35 after quenching；
(6) material of part 7 uses 45# steel, modifier treatment.
The test specimen finished surface curvature is distributed as shown in the table with stiffness characteristics：
Many hardness transitional hardened steel concave curved surface test specimens with polygonal annular concave surface of the present invention, with 15 kinds of processing
Surface curvature and firmness change feature, are applied to test high-speed milling cutter security reliability, high-speed milling cutter vibration and processing table
The experiment of surface roughness, can solve the problems, such as that milling cutter occurs breakage and causes to destroy die face in cutting midway.
Fourth object of the present invention is to provide a kind of many hardness transitional hardened steel cavity plate high-speed milling methods of car door, solves
Existing method has that surface quality is poor, consumption milling cutter quantity is more and processing efficiency is low.
The purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of many hardness transitional hardened steel cavity plate high-speed milling methods of car door, see the table below：
Test result indicate that, the method for the invention reduces process time and uses knife quantity, reduces finished surface thick
Rugosity, improves surface quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of test specimen of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A profiles of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the B-B profiles of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the photo schematic diagram of test specimen of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is many hardness transitional hardened steel concave curved surface test specimen top view photographs described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is milling cutter cutting path schematic diagram described in embodiment 3.
Fig. 7 is milling cutter cutting experiment sampled point schematic diagram described in embodiment 3.
Fig. 8 be embodiment 3 described in experimental program be processed surface roughness experimental result contrast schematic diagram.
During Fig. 9 is technique described in embodiment 3, the abrasion of the cutting plate for milling cutters under different rotating speeds, damaged state vs' figure.
During Figure 10 is technique described in embodiment 3, the cutting plate for milling cutters Thermal-mechanical Coupling field analysis comparative result figure under different rotating speeds.
Figure 11 is that many hardness transitionals of high-speed milling described in embodiment 5 harden the process design method flow chart of steel mold.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of many hardness transitional hardened steel concave curved surface test specimens, it by 5 Cr12MoV quench parts, 1
7CrSiMnMoV parts and 1 45# steel part are spliced；Its upper surface is in by along piece lengths directional curvature radius
The concave curved surface that 1100mm, 1500mm are distributed and are distributed in 800mm along specimen width directional curvature radius, and the depth under it
The polygonal annular concave surface compositions of 35mm；Test specimen upper surface is distributed with 4 kinds of hardness, respectively HRC30~35, HRC40~45,
HRC50~55, HRC60~65；Test specimen middle part hardness is HRC50~55；
The test specimen concrete structure is referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 4：
(1) test specimen is the rectangular structure being made up of 7 parts, overall size 400mm × 300mm × 147mm, such as Fig. 1,
Shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4；
(2) 7 parts of composition test specimen are respectively part 1, part 2, part 3, part 4, part 5, part 6, part 7；
(3) part 1, part 2, part 3, part 4, part 5, the lower surface of part 6 pass through alignment pin and trip bolt and zero
The upper surface of part 7 is connected, and positioned at the middle part in piece lengths 400mm directions, makes part 7 along length 400mm directions two
The reserved each 50mm spaces in side, are connected with lathe work nest for test specimen, fix；
(4) along specimen width 300mm directions, part 1, part 2, the two ends of part 3 connect with part 4, the side of part 5 respectively
Connect；Part 6 is connected with the another side of part 5；
(5) along piece lengths 400mm directions, the side of the both sides of part 2 respectively with part 1, part 3 is connected, and with zero
Part 4, the alignment of the two ends of part 5；
(6) part 1, part 2, part 3, part 4, part 5, the upper surface of part 6 collectively form test specimen 300mm × 300mm
The high-rate wireless LAN region of × 38mm；
(7) the high-rate wireless LAN region of test specimen 300mm × 300mm × 50mm is by concave curved bottom surface and a groove structure
Into；
(8) bottom in test specimen high-rate wireless LAN region is concave curved surface, and it begins along specimen width 300mm directional curvatures radius
It is eventually 800mm, it is distributed along the radius of curvature in piece lengths 400mm directions in 1100mm, 1500mm；
(9) polygonal grooves of test specimen high-rate wireless LAN region depth 35mm, overall size be 250mm × 165mm ×
35mm, on concave curved bottom surface, across part 1, part 2, part 3, its outer surface by straight line and radius be 20mm, 30mm,
The circular sliding slopes of 50mm and 75mm are formed, inner surface by straight line and radius for the circular sliding slopes of 20mm and 30mm are formed, interior appearance
Face longest distance 40mm, surrounding side elevation is in 3 ° of gradients；Groove floor is plane, with side radius 3mm；Inner surface
Surround region top surface to be made up of two planes, with length direction center line as boundary, the plane on part 1, part 2 is relatively low,
Plane on part 2, part 3 is higher, and two levels difference is 10mm, with side radius 3mm.
The material and stiffness characteristics of the test specimen component part be：
(1) material of part 1 uses Cr12MoV forging, and hardness is HRC40~45 after quenching；
(2) material of part 2 uses Cr12MoV forging, and hardness is HRC50~55 after quenching；
(3) material of part 3 uses Cr12MoV forging, and hardness is HRC60~65 after quenching；
(4) material of part 4 and part 6 uses Cr12MoV forging, and hardness is HRC30~35 after quenching；
(5) material of part 5 uses 7CrSiMnMoV, and hardness is HRC30~35 after quenching；
(6) material of part 7 uses 45# steel, modifier treatment.
The many hardness transitional hardened steel concave curved surface test specimens with polygonal annular concave surface for processing are as shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is related to hardened steel cavity plate test specimen milling cutter cutting path to design and cutting zone splitting scheme.
Using three kinds of milling cutter cutting paths, designed in the test specimen upper surface and become with 15 kinds of finished surface curvature and hardness
Change the cutting zone of feature；Wherein, along the parallel mill cutting path in piece lengths 400mm directions, 6 kinds of different processing are marked off
The cutting zone of surface curvature and firmness change；Along the parallel mill cutting path in specimen width 300mm directions, 7 kinds are marked off
The cutting zone of different finished surface curvature and firmness change；Along the milling cutter cutting path of polygonal annular concave surface both sides, divide
Go out the cutting zone of 2 kinds of different finished surface curvature and firmness change.
As shown in table 1：
The hardened steel cavity plate test specimen finished surface curvature of table 1 is distributed with stiffness characteristics
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is related to high-speed milling hardened steel die sinking cutter performance test experimental designs.
(1) experiment using two identicals be provided with the diameter 20mm of coated cemented carbide insert, Mold processing 75mm two
The indexable high speed rose cutter of tooth, on five-axle number control machine tool UCP710, using the parallel mill along piece lengths 400mm directions
Cutting path and the alternate milling mode of suitable upmilling, using two identical milling cutters respectively with rotating speed 2000rpm, feed speed
2000mm/min and milling cutter rotating speed 4000rpm, the process program of feed speed 2200mm/min, cut 5 kinds of different finished surfaces
The cutting zone of curvature and firmness change, carries out the vibration of high speed rose cutter, machined surface roughness and cutter wear, damaged survey
The effect of high speed rose cutter Machining Hardened Steels cavity plate is tested in examination experiment, checking using the test specimen；It is shown in Table 2.
The cutting parameter scheme of table 2
(2) vibration of the parallel mill cutting path along piece lengths 400mm directions that experiment is used, and milling cutter and processing table
Surface roughness sampled point is as shown in Figure 6, Figure 7.
(3) each sampled point of finished surface is extracted along radius of curvature, hardness on milling cutter feeding and milling width, is gone forward side by side
Row milling cutter axis is calculated with the machining inclination angle and Unit cutting force folded by finished surface normal direction, as a result as shown in table 3；
The sampled point machining feature of table 3 and Unit cutting force
(4) the milling cutter vibration for being obtained using above-mentioned experimental program and machined surface roughness experimental result, such as table 4 and Fig. 8
It is shown；
The milling cutter vibration experiment test result of table 4
(5) two milling cutters are respectively adopted two kinds of cutting schemes in table 2, are cut by Fig. 6 test piece upper parts, reach Fig. 7
During middle measuring point region, the abrasion of cutting plate for milling cutters, damaged state are as shown in Figure 9；Two thermo-mechanical Coupled field analysis of cutting plate for milling cutters
Result is as shown in Figure 10；In Figure 10, n is milling cutter rotating speed, fzIt is milling cutter feed engagement, apIt is milling depth, aeFor milling is wide
Degree；
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is related to high-speed milling hardened steel die sinking cutter performance test interpretation.
(1) by table 3, table 4 and Fig. 8~Figure 10, by finished surface curvature and hardness, frequently change is influenceed, using above-mentioned two
Any one of cutting scheme cutting scheme is planted, many hardness transitional hardened steel concave curved surface test specimens, milling cutter machining inclination angle, list are cut
During position cutting force and milling cutter vibration amplitude are in being continually changing；Although machined surface roughness change and infrequently, it is identical
Milled surface topography at cutting scheme different measuring points is significantly different.
(2) while finding, compared with speed of mainshaft 2000rpm, the cutting scheme of feed speed 2000mm/min, using master
The cutting scheme of rotating speed 4000rpm, feed speed 2200mm/min, stock-removing efficiency improves 10%, its Unit cutting force and
Milling cutter vibration amplitude is decreased obviously, one times of machined surface roughness value reduction；Cutting plate for milling cutters impact stress is more or less the same, but heating power
Coupled field equivalent stress is then substantially reduced, and cutting plate for milling cutters does not occur breakage in an experiment.
(3) result shows that the method using the test specimen with high-speed milling cutter is tested can detect that many hardness transitionals harden
Steel concave curved face curvature and hardness frequently changing condition lower milling cutter machining inclination angle, Unit cutting force, the variation characteristic of milling cutter vibration, profit
Two kinds of qualities of process program can be substantially distinguished with experimental results, and can detect that stock-removing efficiency is improved to high-speed milling cutter
The influence of cutting ability；Using the test specimen by testing milling cutter breakage state, can be recessed to many hardness transitional hardened steels of high-speed milling
Milling cutter service life used by mould is tested, and to avoid because milling cutter service life is not enough, breakage occurs in cutting midway and causes
Destruction to die face.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is related to high-speed milling hardened steel cavity plate process design method.
(1) for the actual demand of the large-scale hardened steel cavity plate processing of high-speed milling, using many hardness transitional hardened steel concave curveds
Interview part High Speed Milling Experiment, using test specimen finished surface curvature and firmness change, high-speed milling cutter structure, cutting path, cutting
Parameter is carried to hardened steel stock-removing efficiency, milling cutter vibration, machined surface roughness, damaged and service life the influencing characterisitic of milling cutter
Go out many hardness transitionals of high-speed milling to harden the process design method of steel mold, as shown in figure 11, successively including following design cycle：
A. determine that many hardness transitionals for treating milling harden steel mold；
B. the processing request according to the mould determines technological design target；When the technological design target includes processing
Between, milling cutter vibration, machined surface roughness, milling cutter breakage, milling cutter service life, the milling cutter quantity etc. of consumption.
C. test specimen is designed and processes, the test specimen covers all hardness and Curvature varying mode of mould；
D. workpiece material storehouse, lathe storehouse, tool magazine, cutting parameter and cutting path storehouse, process rule storehouse are accessed, it is determined that examination
The high-speed milling process program of part；The workpiece material storehouse, lathe storehouse, tool magazine, cutting parameter and cutting path storehouse, Process Planning
Then storehouse content is as follows：
The workpiece material storehouse include hardness HRC30-65 Cr12MoV, 7CrSiMnMoV be quenched, under quenching condition
Physical and mechanical properties；
Described lathe storehouse includes the running parameter of three axles and Five-axis numerical control milling machine for mould processing；
Described tool magazine includes the diameter 12mm-30mm rose cutters material and structural parameters for mould processing；
Described cutting parameter is included for workhardness in HRC30-65 moulds with cutting path storehouse, cutter production
Producer provide cutter sample described in cutting parameter and cutting path, and production in actually use along die length, width
Spend the parallel cutting path in direction and around rotating speed, feed speed, milling width, the milling depth when cutting in mold cavity edge week；
Process rule storehouse includes cutting force computing formula, the damaged intensity judgment formula of milling cutter, finished surface scallop-height
Computing formula, milling cutter life formula, stock-removing efficiency computing formula.
E. test specimen high-speed milling experiment；
F. output test result；
G. judge whether to meet the target call that b step determines
It is to continue h steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
H. compare with process rule storehouse, judge whether to meet cutting force thermal confinement condition
It is to continue i steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
I. compare with process rule storehouse, judge whether to meet damping requirements
It is to continue j steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
J. compare with tool magazine, judge whether to meet the requirement of milling cutter service life
It is to continue k steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
K. judge whether to meet the requirement on crudy in b step design object
It is to continue l steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
L. judge whether to meet the requirement on processing efficiency in b step design object
It is to continue m steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
M. N number of process program is obtained；
N. also other schemes are judged whether
It is to return to Step d；
It is no, continue o steps；
O. technological design schemes synthesis are evaluated；
P. optimum process scheme is obtained.
(2) as shown in Figure 11, high-speed milling hardened steel technological design is a typical multi-target optimal design process.For
The interrelated caused technological design collision problem of numerous evaluation indexes is solved, and is set caused by evaluation index model disunity
The problems such as meter scheme is without solving or solving more, sets up high-speed milling hardened steel technological design scheme incidence matrix, as shown in table 5；
The technological design scheme incidence matrix of table 5
(3) evaluation index value to high-speed milling hardened steel Design Processing scheme is normalized, then i-th
Design is to j-th evaluation of estimate v of increment type evaluation indexijWith from excellent degree of membership μijFor：
I-th design be to the evaluation of estimate of j-th decrescendo evaluation index：
(4) high-speed milling hardened steel process synthesis evaluation model is built as shown in table 6；
The technological design scheme evaluation model of table 6
Use Evaluation formula obtain high-speed milling hardened steel evaluation of process program indicator combination weight for：
In formula, ajIt is subjective weight coefficient, bjObjective weight coefficient.Subjective weight coefficient refers to specified by mould processing producer
Hardened steel stock-removing efficiency, process time, milling cutter vibration, machined surface roughness, milling cutter breakage, milling cutter service life, consumption
7 targets of milling cutter quantity in that target it is more important, target significance level is higher, and numerical value is bigger, but maximum be less than 1；Visitor
See weight coefficient to refer to by cutting many hardness transitional hardened steel test specimen experiment tests, the coefficient calculated using formula (1), formula (2).
Using the computational methods of table 6, high-speed milling hardened steel process program is evaluated using maximum value principle, it is comprehensive
The more big then high-speed milling hardened steel process program of evaluation of estimate is better.Accordingly, can be obtained most in High Speed Milling of Hardened Steels parameter field
Excellent process program.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is related to the process certification of car door hardened steel cavity plate high-speed milling to test.
Process certification experiment is carried out using car door hardened steel cavity plate, experiment condition and experimental result are as shown in table 7；
Test result indicate that, according to many hardness transitional hardened steel concave curved surface test specimen High Speed Milling Experiment results, using at a high speed
Milling hardened steel cavity plate process design method, the car door hardened steel cavity plate high-speed milling new technology of design, machined surface quality,
Original technique is superior in the milling cutter quantity and processing efficiency of consumption.
The car door cavity plate technological experiment result of table 7 and new and old process ration
Claims (4)
1. a kind of many hardness transitionals of high-speed milling harden the process design method of steel mold, it is characterised in that successively including dividing into
Meter flow：
A. determine that many hardness transitionals for treating milling harden steel mold；
B. the processing request according to the mould determines technological design target, and the technological design target includes：Hardened steel cuts
Efficiency, process time, milling cutter vibration frequency, machined surface roughness, milling cutter damaged degree, milling cutter service life, the milling of consumption
Knife quantity；
C. test specimen is designed and processes, the test specimen covers all hardness and Curvature varying mode of mould；
D. workpiece material storehouse, lathe storehouse, tool magazine, cutting parameter and cutting path storehouse, process rule storehouse are accessed, test specimen is determined
High-speed milling process program；
E. test specimen high-speed milling experiment；
F. output test result；
G. judge whether to meet the target of the milling cutter vibration frequency, machined surface roughness and milling cutter damaged degree of b step determination
It is required that,
It is to continue h steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
H. compare with process rule storehouse, judge whether to meet cutting force thermal confinement condition,
It is to continue i steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
I. compare with process rule storehouse, judge whether to meet damping requirements,
It is to continue j steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
J. compare with tool magazine, judge whether to meet the requirement of milling cutter service life,
It is to continue k steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
K. judge whether to meet the requirement on crudy in b step design object,
It is to continue l steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
L. judge whether to meet the requirement on processing efficiency in b step design object,
It is to continue m steps；
It is no, return to Step d；
M. N number of process program is obtained；
N. also other schemes are judged whether,
It is to return to Step d；
It is no, continue o steps；
O. technological design schemes synthesis are evaluated；
P. optimum process scheme is obtained.
2. many hardness transitionals of high-speed milling according to claim 1 harden the process design method of steel mold, and its feature exists
It is as follows in the workpiece material storehouse, lathe storehouse, tool magazine, cutting parameter and cutting path storehouse, process rule storehouse content：
The workpiece material storehouse include hardness HRC30-65 Cr12MoV, 7CrSiMnMoV be quenched, the thing under quenching condition
Reason mechanical performance；
Described lathe storehouse includes the running parameter of three axles and Five-axis numerical control milling machine for mould processing；
Described tool magazine includes the diameter 12mm-30mm rose cutters material and structural parameters for mould processing；
Described cutting parameter is included for workhardness in HRC30-65 moulds with cutting path storehouse, cutter manufacturer
Cutting parameter and cutting path described in the cutter sample of offer, and production in actually use along die length, width side
To parallel cutting path and around mold cavity along week cutting when rotating speed, feed speed, milling width, milling depth；
Process rule storehouse includes cutting force computing formula, and the damaged intensity judgment formula of milling cutter, finished surface scallop-height is calculated
Formula, milling cutter life formula, stock-removing efficiency computing formula.
3. many hardness transitionals of high-speed milling according to claim 1 harden the process design method of steel mold, and its feature exists
It is as follows in the concrete mode of the o steps " evaluation of technological design schemes synthesis "：
(1) many hardness transitional hardened steel technological design scheme incidence matrix of high-speed milling are set up, as shown in table 1；
Table 1：Technological design scheme incidence matrix
(2) evaluation index value to many hardness transitional hardened steel technological design schemes of high-speed milling is normalized, then and i-th
Individual design is to j-th evaluation of estimate v of increment type evaluation indexijWith from excellent degree of membership μijFor：
I-th design be to the evaluation of estimate of j-th decrescendo evaluation index：
(3) many hardness transitional hardened steel technological design schemes synthesis evaluation models of high-speed milling are built as shown in table 2；
Table 2：Process program comprehensive evaluation model
Use Evaluation formula obtain high-speed milling hardened steel evaluation of process program indicator combination weight for：
In formula, ajIt is subjective weight coefficient, bjObjective weight coefficient；
Using the computational methods of table 2, many hardness transitional hardened steel technological design schemes of high-speed milling are entered using maximum value principle
Row is evaluated, and the more big then high-speed milling hardened steel process program of comprehensive evaluation value is better.
4. the detection method of many hardness transitional hardened steel mould process schemes of a kind of high-speed milling, it is characterised in that according to be milled
Cut many hardness transitionals to harden the hardness range and Curvature varying mode of steel mold, process test specimen, the test specimen covers the institute of mould
There are hardness and Curvature varying interval；Output test result after high-speed milling experiment is carried out to test specimen, and then detects the milling work
Skill is to the effect of mould milling, and detection process is as follows successively：
(1) test specimen is prepared, all hardness and Curvature varying that the test specimen covers mould are interval；
(2) the diameter 20mm of coated cemented carbide insert is installed using at least two identicals, two teeth of Mold processing 75mm can
Indexable high speed rose cutter, on five-axle number control machine tool UCP710, is cut using the parallel mill along piece lengths 400mm directions
Path and the alternate milling mode of suitable upmilling, with least two cutting schemes, carry out the vibration of cutting of hardened steel die sinking cutter, add
Work surface roughness and cutter wear, damaged test experiments；
(3) using the parallel mill cutting path along piece lengths 400mm directions, milling cutter vibration is entered with machined surface roughness
Row sampling；
(4) each sampled point of finished surface is extracted along radius of curvature, the hardness on milling cutter feeding and milling width, and carries out milling
Cutter shaft line is calculated with the machining inclination angle and Unit cutting force folded by finished surface normal direction；
(5) testing result of milling cutter vibration and machined surface roughness can be obtained using such scheme.
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