CN104942313A - Mechanism for main shaft high-speed operation and assembling method and using method thereof - Google Patents
Mechanism for main shaft high-speed operation and assembling method and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104942313A CN104942313A CN201510385925.7A CN201510385925A CN104942313A CN 104942313 A CN104942313 A CN 104942313A CN 201510385925 A CN201510385925 A CN 201510385925A CN 104942313 A CN104942313 A CN 104942313A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P21/00—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/02—Driving main working members
- B23Q5/04—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles
- B23Q5/10—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles driven essentially by electrical means
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- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanism for main shaft high-speed operation and an assembling method and a using method thereof and belongs to the field of rotating main shaft mechanisms. The problem that an existing mechanism for main shaft high-speed operation is high in using cost, poor in rigidity, low in machining accuracy and short in service life is solved. The mechanism comprises a main shaft outer shell and a main shaft. One end of the main shaft outer shell is provided with an end cover. The main shaft is arranged in the main shaft outer shell. A first bearing assembly and a second bearing assembly are arranged between the main shaft and the main shaft outer shell. The first bearing assembly and the second bearing assembly both comprise two bearings which are arranged oppositely. A first bearing spacer bush is arranged between the two bearings, which are arranged oppositely, of the first bearing group. A second bearing spacer bush is arranged between the two bearings, which are arranged oppositely, of the second bearing group. The mechanism has the advantages that under the situation that the main shaft rotates under high speed, heating is low, rigidity is high, service life is long, machining accuracy is high, using cost is lowered, and production efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rotary main shaft field of mechanisms, specifically, relate to and be a kind ofly applied to the mechanism and assemble method thereof and using method that main shaft runs up.
Background technology
Along with the raising of domestic Cutter Body Processing with Machining Center speed, require to strengthen to the rigidity of lathe and cutting speed, particularly the High Rotation Speed of main shaft and rigidity the most important; The method that current domestic machining center High Rotation Speed adopts is: electro spindle.Vertical machining centre adopts electro spindle Problems existing comprise: service life is short, because main shaft can produce high heat in the process of running up, and the accumulation of these heats result in the damage of main shaft, reduces the service life of the whole mechanism of main shaft; Poor rigidity, due to running up of main shaft, the gap between the last parts of main shaft increases gradually, the bad stability of mainshaft mechanism, and rigidity reduces; Use cost is high, due to mainshaft mechanism fragile, the life-span is low, causes use cost high; Machining accuracy is low, because mainshaft mechanism stability in the course of the work and rigidity reduce gradually, causes its machining accuracy to decline gradually; Production efficiency is low, because mainshaft mechanism running is unstable, fragile, needs frequent maintenance, seriously hinders production process, reduce production efficiency.
Chinese Patent Application No. 200920200329.7, the patent document in publication date on August 25th, 2010, discloses a kind of mechanism being applied to main shaft and running up.Its main axle structure mainly solving the processing center machine existing for prior art is comparatively complicated, and manufacturing cost is not high, and during its inflation holding cutter, chucking power is inadequate, the technical problem easily causing that cutter comes off etc.This utility model comprises sleeve, sleeve ends is connected with end cap, housing is provided with in sleeve, it is characterized in that described housing upper end is connected with belt wheel by key pin, housing lower end has the taper hole that can insert cutter, and enclosure interior is provided with axle center moving up and down, and inside, axle center is provided with the upper air passage and lower inlet channel that interconnect, upper air channel diameter is greater than lower inlet channel diameter, and lower end, axle center is connected with can the clamping device of holding cutter.But mainshaft mechanism is unsuitable for running up disclosed in this utility model, under running up, easily swing, poor rigidity, poor stability, so machining accuracy is low, the lower life-span that runs up is very low.
Summary of the invention
The problem that 1, will solve
Be applied to mechanism that main shaft runs up have that use cost is high, poor rigidity, machining accuracy are low, service life is short for existing, and then the problem causing production efficiency low, the invention provides and be a kind ofly applied to the mechanism and assemble method thereof and using method that main shaft runs up, its mechanism has main shaft and to run up little, that rigidity is strong, the life-span is long, machining accuracy is high advantage of generating heat in situation, reduce use cost, improve production efficiency.
2, technical scheme
For solving the problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme.
A kind of mechanism being applied to main shaft and running up, comprise main shaft shell and main shaft, one end of main shaft shell is provided with end cap, main shaft is arranged in main shaft shell, and main shaft one end is also spacing by end cap through end cap, be provided with clutch shaft bearing group and the second bearing group between described main shaft and main shaft shell, clutch shaft bearing group and the second bearing group include two bearings installed dorsad, are provided with clutch shaft bearing spacer between two bearings installed dorsad of clutch shaft bearing group; The second bearing spacer is provided with between two bearings installed dorsad of the second bearing group; Clutch shaft bearing group one end withstands on the shaft shoulder in the middle part of main shaft, and the other end is fixed by the first locking nut be arranged on main shaft; Second bearing group one end withstands on end cap and the spindle nose shaft shoulder, and the other end is fixed by the second locking nut and main shaft shell dead eye step.
Preferably, described bearing is angular contact ball bearing.
Preferably, described clutch shaft bearing spacer comprises the first outer separator and the first inner spacing collar; The second described bearing spacer comprises the second outer separator and the second inner spacing collar.
Technique scheme effectively can improve integral rigidity and the bending resistance moment of mechanism of the present invention, but in order to improve the stability of mechanism of the present invention in High Rotation Speed situation and integral rigidity further, the ability of bending moment is produced when improving opposing High Rotation Speed, reduce heating, improve service life, further, we adopt following technical scheme.
Preferably, self play of described angular contact ball bearing is Δ, gap between angular contact ball bearing outer ring and main shaft shell dead eye is t, the magnitude of interference between angular contact ball bearing and its bearing ball is y, it is L that first outer separator deducts the difference that the difference of the first inner spacing collar or the second outer separator deduct the second inner spacing collar, then L meets formula L=(0.5t+0.5 Δ+y)/tg α, and wherein y span is 0.002 ~ 0.004mm, α is bearing contact angle.
Preferably, the depth of parallelism at described clutch shaft bearing spacer two ends, the second bearing spacer two ends is 0.001 ~ 0.003mm.
Preferably, the second described bearing group is near the magnitude of interference >0.01mm between the bearing outer ring and end cap end face of end cap; The gap L EssT.LTssT.LT0.02mm of described end cap and main shaft shell end face.
Be applied to an assemble method for the mechanism that main shaft runs up, step is as follows:
1) parameter measurement, measures the internal diameter of the second bearing group and clutch shaft bearing group the play Δ of bearing, external diameter and main shaft shell dead eye separately, and calculates the difference t between the internal diameter of main shaft shell dead eye and each bearing outside diameter;
2) according to formula L=(0.5t+0.5 Δ+y)/tg α, wherein y span is 0.002 ~ 0.004mm, α is bearing contact angle, L is that the first outer separator length deducts the first inner spacing collar length gained difference or the second outer separator length deducts the second inner spacing collar length gained difference, calculate that the first outer separator length deducts the first inner spacing collar length gained difference, the second outer separator length deducts every length gained difference in second, then process clutch shaft bearing spacer and the second bearing spacer according to difference L;
3) by step 1) in through measure after the second bearing group in a bearing first load on main shaft, adopt interference fits, this bearing inner race withstands on the spindle nose shaft shoulder, load step 2) in the second bearing spacer of processing on request, make the second outer separator withstand the outer ring first loading bearing, the second inner spacing collar withstands the inner ring first loading bearing; Reinstall another bearing in the second bearing group, make the outer ring of this bearing withstand on the second outer separator, inner ring withstands on the second inner spacing collar; Finally load the second locking nut locking;
4) by step 1) in through measure after clutch shaft bearing group in a bearing first load on main shaft, adopt interference fits, this bearing inner race withstands on the shaft shoulder in the middle part of main shaft, load step 2) in the clutch shaft bearing spacer processed on request, make the first outer separator withstand the outer ring first loading bearing in this step, the first inner spacing collar withstands the inner ring first loading bearing in this step; Reinstall another bearing in clutch shaft bearing group, make the outer ring of this bearing withstand on the first outer separator, inner ring withstands on the first inner spacing collar; Finally load the first locking nut locking;
5) will through step 3) and step 4) main shaft after assembling loads in main shaft shell, clutch shaft bearing group and the second bearing group are just in time fallen in the dead eye of main shaft shell, and make step 3) in the second bearing group after the bearing outer ring that loads withstand on the dead eye step of main shaft shell;
6) the distance s of main shaft shell end face to the second bearing group outer face is measured;
7) end cap end face is ground, guarantee that the length in the face that end cap contacts with the second bearing group outer face to end cap with the face of main shaft shell end contact is s+0.03mm;
8) by step 7) in the end cap that obtains be arranged on the end face of main shaft shell, and by bolted;
9) by one end loading end cover of main shaft shell away from end cap, by this end main shaft seal.
Preferably, step 8) in adopt the face of 0.02mm clearance gauge to end cap and main shaft shell end contact to carry out clearance measurement, measurement result does not enter for qualified with 0.02mm clearance gauge.
Be applied to a using method for the mechanism that main shaft runs up, the steps include:
1) main shaft shell is fixedly mounted on vertical machining center seat;
2) at main shaft mounting cutter in the cutter holding mouth of end cap one end, and by loose tool-broaching mechanism, cutter is clamped;
3) away from one end of end cap, drive motors is installed at main shaft;
4) start drive motors, main shaft starts to rotate, and in the second bearing group and clutch shaft bearing group, on angular contact ball bearing inner ring, the second bearing spacer, the second inner spacing collar and clutch shaft bearing spacer first inner spacing collar are followed main shaft and rotated; Angular contact ball bearing inner bearing ball circle inside and outside relative to bearing rolls; Cutter is followed main shaft and is rotated;
5) adjust whole mechanism, make cutter near workpiece to be processed, workpiece is processed;
6) after machining, adjust whole mechanism, return cutter, stop drive motors.
Preferably, described step 3) in main shaft be connected with drive motors by shaft coupling.
3, beneficial effect
Compared to prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) clutch shaft bearing group and the second bearing group is provided with between mechanism of the present invention main shaft and main shaft shell, clutch shaft bearing group and the second bearing group include two bearings installed dorsad, are provided with clutch shaft bearing spacer between two bearings installed dorsad of clutch shaft bearing group; Be provided with the second bearing spacer between two bearings installed dorsad of the second bearing group, arrange like this and can improve main shaft integral rigidity, spacer can increase bearing length, and making has larger distance between the contact point of in same bearing group two bearings; Clutch shaft bearing group one end withstands on the shaft shoulder in the middle part of main shaft, and the other end is fixed by the first locking nut be arranged on main shaft; Second bearing group one end withstands on end cap and the spindle nose shaft shoulder, the other end makes the second bearing group be stiff end relative to main shaft and main shaft shell by fixing the setting like this of the second locking nut and main shaft shell dead eye step, clutch shaft bearing group is travelling end relative to main shaft shell, the needs of main shaft thermal stretching backward can be adapted to, thus make mechanism of the present invention have higher rigidity and good High Rotation Speed performance;
(2) mechanism of the present invention middle (center) bearing adopts angular contact ball bearing, can bear radial and axial load, and High Rotation Speed precision is high simultaneously, clutch shaft bearing spacer comprises the first outer separator and the first inner spacing collar, second bearing spacer comprises the second outer separator and the second inner spacing collar, and by the difference between the first outer separator and the first inner spacing collar, difference between second outer separator and the second inner spacing collar does certain restriction, make to produce certain magnitude of interference between angular contact ball bearing and its bearing ball, such setting makes mechanism of the present invention both can not produce amount of heat because of bearing tension in high-speed rotation, mechanism is sustained damage, affect service life, also can not because of bearing excessively pine make bearing rigidity poor, stability is low, produce in high-speed rotation and beat more greatly, and then have a strong impact on service life and the machining accuracy of mechanism of the present invention,
(3) depth of parallelism at mechanism of the present invention clutch shaft bearing spacer and the second bearing spacer two ends is 0.001 ~ 0.003mm, can guarantee that main shaft runs up stability in process and machining accuracy further;
(4) mechanism second of the present invention bearing group is near the magnitude of interference >0.01mm between the bearing outer ring and end cap end face of end cap; The gap L EssT.LTssT.LT0.02mm of described end cap and main shaft shell end face, the gap L EssT.LTssT.LT0.02mm of end cap and main shaft shell end face indirectly reflects gapless between end cap and the second bearing group bearing outer ring and has certain magnitude of interference, guarantee that the second bearing group bearing outer ring fastens by end cap, main shaft not easily produces play;
(5) assemble method of the present invention can guarantee that mechanism of the present invention assembly precision is high, degree of tightness appropriateness installed by bearing, High Rotation Speed situation can be adapted to well, play the advantage that spindle heat generation is little, rigidity is strong, the life-span is long, machining accuracy is high, in the middle of production application, reduce use cost, improve production efficiency;
(6) using method of the present invention can be enhanced productivity, and reduces production cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of mechanism of the present invention.
In figure: 1, main shaft shell; 2, main shaft; 3, loose tool-broaching mechanism; 4, loose tool-broaching mechanism oil cylinder; 5, the first locking nut; 6, clutch shaft bearing spacer; 7, clutch shaft bearing group; 8, the second locking nut; 9, the second bearing spacer; 10, the second bearing group; 11, end cap.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of mechanism being applied to main shaft and running up, comprise main shaft shell 1, main shaft 2, pine tool-broaching mechanism 3, one end of main shaft shell 1 is provided with end cap 11, the other end is provided with loose tool-broaching mechanism oil cylinder 4, main shaft 2 is arranged in main shaft shell 1, and main shaft 2 one end is also spacing by end cap 11 through end cap 11, main shaft 2 other end is through loose tool-broaching mechanism oil cylinder 4, main shaft 2 is provided with cutter holding mouth through one end of end cap 11, pine tool-broaching mechanism 3 is arranged in main shaft 2, pine tool-broaching mechanism 3 two ends respectively with cutter holding mouth, pine tool-broaching mechanism oil cylinder 4 is connected, clutch shaft bearing group 7 and the second bearing group 10 is provided with between main shaft 2 and main shaft shell 1, clutch shaft bearing group 7 and the second bearing group 10 include two angular contact ball bearings installed dorsad, clutch shaft bearing spacer 6 is provided with between two angular contact ball bearings installed dorsad of clutch shaft bearing group 7, clutch shaft bearing spacer 6 comprises the first outer separator and the first inner spacing collar, be provided with the second bearing spacer 9, second bearing spacer 9 between two angular contact ball bearings installed dorsad of the second bearing group 10 and comprise the second outer separator and the second inner spacing collar,
In second bearing group 10, two angular contact ball bearing self play are Δ=0.005mm, bearing contact angle α=15 °, gap between this two angular contact ball bearing outer rings and main shaft shell 1 dead eye is t=0.025mm, the magnitude of interference between these two angular contact ball bearings and its bearing ball is y=0.003mm, and the first outer separator length deducts first inner spacing collar length gained difference L=0.5t+0.5 Δ+y/tg α=0.061mm; In clutch shaft bearing group 7, two angular contact ball bearing self play are Δ=0.005mm, bearing contact angle α=15 °, gap between this two angular contact ball bearing outer rings and main shaft shell 1 dead eye is t=0.015mm, the magnitude of interference between these two angular contact ball bearings and its bearing ball is y=0.003mm, and the second outer separator deducts second inner spacing collar gained difference L=0.5t+0.5 Δ+y/tg α=0.043mm;
Clutch shaft bearing group 7 one end withstands on the shaft shoulder in the middle part of main shaft 2, and the other end is fixed by the first locking nut 5 be arranged on main shaft 2; Second bearing group 10 one end withstands on end cap 11 and the main shaft 2 end shaft shoulder, and the other end is fixed by the second locking nut 8.Second bearing group 10 is near the magnitude of interference >0.01mm between the bearing outer ring and end cap 11 end face of end cap 11; The gap L EssT.LTssT.LT0.02mm of end cap 11 and main shaft shell 1 end face.
In this enforcement, the operation principle of mechanism is: main shaft shell 1 is the standing part of whole mechanism; Arrange rotating power source by the one end passing loose tool-broaching mechanism oil cylinder 4 at main shaft 2, drive main shaft 2 to rotate in main shaft shell 1, main shaft 2 is provided with cutter through one end cutter holding mouth of end cap 11, and cutter clamps by loose tool-broaching mechanism 3; In rotary course, cutter is processed workpiece; Because main shaft in the present embodiment 2 is high relative to the High Rotation Speed stability of main shaft shell 1, it is little to generate heat, rigidity strong, so mechanism is very high to the High-speed machining precision of workpiece in actual production, and long service life, production efficiency is high.
Mechanism in the present embodiment is applied to the setting that main shaft runs up due to clutch shaft bearing spacer 6 and the second bearing spacer 9 in process, it is reasonable that degree of tightness installed by angular contact ball bearing between main shaft 2 and main shaft shell 1, this bearing is rotated with main shaft match, its High Rotation Speed precision can be played high, the advantage of good stability, thus make whole mechanism create a larger bending resistance moment, greatly improve the integral rigidity of mechanism, there is heating in actual production main shaft runs up application little, rigidity is strong, life-span is long, the advantage that machining accuracy is high, also for production reduces use cost, improve production efficiency.
Be applied to an assemble method for the mechanism that main shaft runs up, step is as follows:
1) parameter measurement, measure the second bearing group 10 and clutch shaft bearing group 7 separately bearing play Δ is 0.005mm, external diameter is respectively:
and the internal diameter of main shaft shell 1 dead eye is respectively:
and the difference t calculated between the internal diameter of main shaft shell 1 dead eye and each bearing outside diameter is respectively: 0.025mm, 0.015mm;
2) according to formula L=0.5t+0.5 Δ+y/tg α, wherein y value 0.003mm, α is bearing contact angle=15 °, L is that the first outer separator length deducts the first inner spacing collar length gained difference or the second outer separator length deducts the second inner spacing collar length gained difference, calculate that the first outer separator length deducts first inner spacing collar length gained difference=0.043mm, the second outer separator length deducts second inner spacing collar length gained difference=0.063mm, then process clutch shaft bearing spacer 6 (the first outer separator length 20.043mm according to difference L; First inner spacing collar length 20.000mm) and second bearing spacer 9 (the second outer separator length 30.063mm; Second inner spacing collar length 30.000mm);
3) bearing in the second bearing group 10 in step 1 after measuring first is loaded on main shaft 2, adopt interference fits, this bearing inner race withstands on the shaft shoulder of main shaft 2 end, load the second bearing spacer 9 processed on request in step 2, make the second outer separator withstand the outer ring first loading bearing, the second inner spacing collar withstands the inner ring first loading bearing; Reinstall another bearing in the second bearing group 10, make the outer ring of this bearing withstand on the second outer separator, inner ring withstands on the second inner spacing collar; Finally load the second locking nut 8 to lock;
4) bearing in the clutch shaft bearing group 7 in step 1 after measuring first is loaded on main shaft 2, adopt interference fits, this bearing inner race withstands on the shaft shoulder in the middle part of main shaft 2, load the clutch shaft bearing spacer 6 processed on request in step 2, make the first outer separator withstand the outer ring first loading bearing in this step, the first inner spacing collar withstands the inner ring first loading bearing in this step; Reinstall another bearing in clutch shaft bearing group 7, make the outer ring of this bearing withstand on the first outer separator, inner ring withstands on the first inner spacing collar; Finally load the first locking nut 5 to lock;
5) main shaft 2 after assembling through step 3 and step 4 is loaded in main shaft shell 1, clutch shaft bearing group 7 and the second bearing group 10 are just in time fallen in the dead eye of main shaft shell 1, and makes the bearing outer ring of rear loading in the second bearing group 10 in step 3 withstand on the dead eye step of main shaft shell 1;
6) the distance s=5.2mm of main shaft shell 1 end face to the second bearing group 10 outer face is measured;
7) end cap 11 end face is ground, guarantee that the length in the face that end cap 11 contacts with the second bearing group 10 outer face to end cap 11 with the face of main shaft shell 1 end contact is s+0.03mm=5.23mm;
8) end cap 11 obtained in step 7 is arranged on the end face of main shaft shell 1, and by bolted; Clearance measurement is carried out in the fastening rear face of employing 0.02mm clearance gauge to end cap 11 and main shaft shell 1 end contact, and measurement result does not enter for qualified with 0.02mm clearance gauge;
9) main shaft shell 1 is loaded loose tool-broaching mechanism oil cylinder 4 away from one end of end cap 11, and by this end main shaft seal.
Assemble method in the present embodiment can guarantee that mechanism of the present invention assembly precision is high, and degree of tightness appropriateness installed by bearing, can adapt to High Rotation Speed situation well, plays the advantage that spindle heat generation is little, rigidity is strong, the life-span is long, machining accuracy is high; Make mechanism of the present invention in the middle of production application, reduce use cost, improve production efficiency.
Carrying out, in cutting test, comparing with common standard mainshaft mechanism, identical 10 modules of milling, adopt same cutting parameter: cutting speed: 220m/min respectively; The amount of feeding: 0.15mm/ per tooth; Milling cutter diameter:
cutting-in: 2mm; Cut wide: 50mm; The cutter number of teeth: 4 teeth; Work piece material: 45 steel.Result of the test shows, adopt apparatus of the present invention processing, workpiece surface finish can reach Ra3.2; Flatness can reach 0.03mm; And adopting common standard mainshaft mechanism to process: workpiece surface to be machined has obvious chatter mark, and flatness cannot detect.
Be applied to a using method for the mechanism that main shaft runs up, the steps include:
1) main shaft shell 1 is fixedly mounted on vertical machining center seat;
2) at main shaft 2 mounting cutter in the cutter holding mouth of end cap 11 one end, and by loose tool-broaching mechanism 3, cutter is clamped;
3) drive motors is connected and installed away from one end of end cap 11 by shaft coupling at main shaft 2;
4) start drive motors, main shaft 2 starts to rotate, and in the second bearing group 10 and clutch shaft bearing group 7, on angular contact ball bearing inner ring, the second bearing spacer 9, the second inner spacing collar and clutch shaft bearing spacer 6 first inner spacing collar are followed main shaft 2 and rotated; Angular contact ball bearing inner bearing ball circle inside and outside relative to bearing rolls; Cutter is followed main shaft 2 and is rotated;
5) adjust whole mechanism, make cutter near workpiece to be processed, workpiece is processed;
6) after machining, adjust whole mechanism, return cutter, stop drive motors.
Using method of the present invention can be enhanced productivity, and reduces production cost.
Embodiment 2
Be applied to the mechanism that main shaft runs up, identical with embodiment 1, difference is, the magnitude of interference y in clutch shaft bearing group 7 between two angular contact ball bearings and its bearing ball is 0.002mm; Magnitude of interference y in second bearing group 10 between two angular contact ball bearings and its bearing ball is 0.002mm; The depth of parallelism at clutch shaft bearing spacer 6 two ends, the second bearing spacer 9 two ends is 0.001mm.
Be applied to an assemble method for the mechanism that main shaft runs up, identical with embodiment 1, difference is, step 2) middle y value 0.001mm.
Mechanism in the present embodiment has stronger rigidity, has the advantage that heating is less, rigidity is comparatively strong, the life-span is longer, machining accuracy is higher in actual production.
Embodiment 3
Be applied to the mechanism that main shaft runs up, identical with embodiment 1, difference is, the magnitude of interference y in clutch shaft bearing group 7 between two angular contact ball bearings and its bearing ball is 0.004mm; Magnitude of interference y in second bearing group 10 between two angular contact ball bearings and its bearing ball is 0.004mm; The depth of parallelism at clutch shaft bearing spacer 6 two ends, the second bearing spacer 9 two ends is 0.003mm.
Be applied to an assemble method for the mechanism that main shaft runs up, identical with embodiment 1, difference is, step 2) middle y value 0.003mm.
Mechanism in the present embodiment has stronger rigidity, has the advantage that heating is less, rigidity is comparatively strong, the life-span is longer, machining accuracy is higher in actual production.
Claims (10)
1. the mechanism being applied to main shaft and running up, comprise main shaft shell (1) and main shaft (2), one end of main shaft shell (1) is provided with end cap (11), main shaft (2) is arranged in main shaft shell (1), and main shaft (2) one end is passed end cap (11) and is subject to end cap (11) spacing, it is characterized in that: between described main shaft (2) and main shaft shell (1), be provided with clutch shaft bearing group (7) and the second bearing group (10), clutch shaft bearing group (7) and the second bearing group (10) include two bearings installed dorsad, clutch shaft bearing spacer (6) is provided with between two bearings installed dorsad of clutch shaft bearing group (7), the second bearing spacer (9) is provided with between two bearings installed dorsad of the second bearing group (10), clutch shaft bearing group (7) one end withstands on the shaft shoulder at main shaft (2) middle part, and the other end is fixed by the first locking nut (5) be arranged on main shaft (2), second bearing group (10) one end withstands on end cap (11) and main shaft (2) the end shaft shoulder, and the other end is fixed by the second locking nut (8).
2. a kind of mechanism being applied to main shaft and running up according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bearing is angular contact ball bearing.
3. a kind of mechanism being applied to main shaft and running up according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described clutch shaft bearing spacer (6) comprises the first outer separator and the first inner spacing collar; The second described bearing spacer (9) comprises the second outer separator and the second inner spacing collar.
4. a kind of mechanism being applied to main shaft and running up according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: self play of described angular contact ball bearing is Δ, gap between angular contact ball bearing outer ring and main shaft shell (1) dead eye is t, the magnitude of interference between angular contact ball bearing and its bearing ball is y, it is L that first outer separator deducts the difference that the difference of the first inner spacing collar or the second outer separator deduct the second inner spacing collar, then L meets formula L=(0.5t+0.5 Δ+y)/tg α, wherein y span is 0.002 ~ 0.004mm, α is bearing contact angle.
5. a kind of mechanism being applied to main shaft and running up according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the depth of parallelism at described clutch shaft bearing spacer (6) two ends, the second bearing spacer (9) two ends is 0.001 ~ 0.003mm.
6. a kind of mechanism being applied to main shaft and running up according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that: described the second bearing group (10) is near the magnitude of interference >0.01mm between the bearing outer ring and end cap (11) end face of end cap (11); The gap L EssT.LTssT.LT0.02mm of described end cap (11) and main shaft shell (1) end face.
7. be applied to an assemble method for the mechanism that main shaft runs up, step is as follows:
1) parameter measurement, measure the internal diameter of the play Δ of the second bearing group (10) and the respective bearing of clutch shaft bearing group (7), external diameter and main shaft shell (1) dead eye, and calculate the clearance t between the internal diameter of main shaft shell (1) dead eye and each bearing outside diameter;
2) according to formula L=(0.5t+0.5 Δ+y)/tg α, wherein y span is 0.002 ~ 0.004mm, α is bearing contact angle, L is that the first outer separator length deducts the first inner spacing collar length gained difference or the second outer separator length deducts the second inner spacing collar length gained difference, calculate that the first outer separator length deducts the first inner spacing collar length gained difference, the second outer separator length deducts every length gained difference in second, then process clutch shaft bearing spacer (6) and the second bearing spacer (9) according to difference L;
3) by step 1) in through measure after the second bearing group (10) in a bearing first load on main shaft (2), adopt interference fits, this bearing inner race withstands on the shaft shoulder of main shaft (2) end, load step 2) in the second bearing spacer (9) of processing on request, make the second outer separator withstand the outer ring first loading bearing, the second inner spacing collar withstands the inner ring first loading bearing; Reinstall another bearing in the second bearing group (10), make the outer ring of this bearing withstand on the second outer separator, inner ring withstands on the second inner spacing collar; Finally load the second locking nut (8) locking;
4) by step 1) in through measure after clutch shaft bearing group (7) in a bearing first load on main shaft (2), adopt interference fits, this bearing inner race withstands on the shaft shoulder at main shaft (2) middle part, load step 2) in the clutch shaft bearing spacer (6) processed on request, make the first outer separator withstand the outer ring first loading bearing in this step, the first inner spacing collar withstands the inner ring first loading bearing in this step; Reinstall another bearing in clutch shaft bearing group (7), make the outer ring of this bearing withstand on the first outer separator, inner ring withstands on the first inner spacing collar; Finally load the first locking nut (5) locking;
5) will through step 3) and step 4) main shaft (2) after assembling loads in main shaft shell (1), clutch shaft bearing group (7) and the second bearing group (10) are just in time fallen in the dead eye of main shaft shell (1), and make step 3) in the second bearing group (10) after the bearing outer ring that loads withstand on the dead eye step of main shaft shell (1);
6) the distance s of main shaft shell (1) end face to the second bearing group (10) outer face is measured;
7) end cap (11) end face is ground, guarantee that the length in the face that end cap (11) contacts with the second bearing group (10) outer face to end cap (11) with the face of main shaft shell (1) end contact is s+0.03mm;
8) by step 7) in the end cap (11) that obtains be arranged on the end face of main shaft shell (1), and by bolted;
9) by one end loading end cover of main shaft shell (1) away from end cap (11), by this end main shaft seal.
8. a kind of assemble method being applied to the mechanism that main shaft runs up according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: step 8) in adopt 0.02mm clearance gauge to carry out clearance measurement to end cap (11) and the face of main shaft shell (1) end contact, measurement result does not enter for qualified with 0.02mm clearance gauge.
9. be applied to a using method for the mechanism that main shaft runs up, the steps include:
1) main shaft shell (1) is fixedly mounted on vertical machining center seat;
2) at main shaft (2) mounting cutter in the cutter holding mouth of end cap (11) one end, and by loose tool-broaching mechanism (3), cutter is clamped;
3) away from one end of end cap (11), drive motors is installed at main shaft (2);
4) drive motors is started, main shaft (2) starts to rotate, and the second bearing group (10) and clutch shaft bearing group (7) upper angular contact ball bearing inner ring, upper second inner spacing collar of the second bearing spacer (9) and clutch shaft bearing spacer (6) first inner spacing collar are followed main shaft (2) and rotated; Angular contact ball bearing inner bearing ball circle inside and outside relative to bearing rolls; Cutter is followed main shaft (2) and is rotated;
5) adjust whole mechanism, make cutter near workpiece to be processed, workpiece is processed;
6) after machining, adjust whole mechanism, return cutter, stop drive motors.
10. a kind of using method being applied to the mechanism that main shaft runs up according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described step 3) in main shaft (2) be connected with drive motors by shaft coupling.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN107234252A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-10-10 | 东莞市科隆实业有限公司 | Fan blade balancing machine main shaft |
| CN107414567A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-12-01 | 江苏思维福特机械科技股份有限公司 | A kind of machining center high-precision main shaft |
| CN108284340A (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-07-17 | 宁波海天精工股份有限公司 | A kind of main shaft of numerical control machine tool tool-broaching mechanism and its assembly method |
| CN111515417A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 南京众得利自动化机械有限公司 | Built-in main shaft structure capable of adjusting bearing clearance |
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|---|---|
| CN104942313B (en) | 2017-07-07 |
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Address after: 210046, No. 1, Purple East Road, Qixia District, Jiangsu, Nanjing Applicant after: JIANGSU YUANLI CNC MACHINE TOOL CO., LTD. Address before: 210002 building HI, 9 floor, Jinling imperial garden, No. 333 Taiping South Road, Jiangsu, Nanjing Applicant before: JIANGSU YUANLI CNC MACHINE TOOL CO., LTD. |
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Effective date of registration: 20190606 Address after: 210000 C17 Building, No. 9 Kechuang Avenue, Zhongshan Science Park, Liuhe District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: JIANGSU YUANLI AVIA PRECISION MACHINE TOOL CO., LTD. Address before: No. 1 Zidong Road, Qixia District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: JIANGSU YUANLI CNC MACHINE TOOL CO., LTD. |