CN104935051A - A series battery equalization circuit - Google Patents
A series battery equalization circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN104935051A CN104935051A CN201510386342.6A CN201510386342A CN104935051A CN 104935051 A CN104935051 A CN 104935051A CN 201510386342 A CN201510386342 A CN 201510386342A CN 104935051 A CN104935051 A CN 104935051A
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Abstract
The invention provides a series battery equalization circuit belonging to the field of electric power and electronic techniques. The circuit comprises a voltage sampling module, a controller, a disconnecting switch module and an energy storage module. A voltage acquisition input terminal of the voltage sampling module is connected to a series battery. A voltage acquisition output terminal of the voltage sampling module is connected to a voltage input terminal of a controller. A control signal output terminal of the controller is connected to a control terminal of the disconnecting switch module. A voltage input terminal of the disconnecting switch module is connected to the series battery. A first voltage output terminal and a second voltage output terminal of the disconnecting switch module are respectively connected to the two terminals of the energy storage module. According to the invention, high-precision balancing between voltages of batteries in the series battery can be realized to enable normal fully-charging and fully-discharging of the whole series battery. Transferring efficiency and equalization efficiency of electric quantities between the batteries can be raised. In addition, equalization can be realized in charging, discharging and static states by the series battery equalization circuit of the invention. The equalization of the batteries can be realized just by a capacitor. The cost for the equalization circuit is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric and electronic technical field, particularly relate to a kind of series battery equalizing circuit.
Background technology
In battery applications system, in order to provide enough voltage to equipment, power brick monomer series-connectedly to be formed by multiple usually, but if the capacity mismatch between battery just can affect the capacity of whole power brick.The power brick be in series is after the work regular hour, due to the impact of the factor such as inconsistency of inconsistent, the working temperature of its battery core itself, finally can show very large difference, have a strong impact on the life-span of battery pack and the use of system, finally have influence on the normal use of electronic equipment.
Carry out overcharge to battery and overdischarge makes battery easily damage, such as battery capacity reduces, and the life-span reduces.Too high or the too high properties of battery that all can make of local temperature of temperature declines, and finally causes internal short-circuit and thermal runaway, produces safety problem.
Cell performance difference in Long-Time Service is inevitable, and this is one of of paramount importance factor causing battery life to decline, and causes voltage inconsistent owing to there are differences between each battery, and there is series of problems when causing charging, electric discharge.During charging, some over-charging of battery, some battery charge less can be caused; Some battery can be caused during electric discharge to cross put, some battery owes to put.Overcharge to protect the safety of battery pack to add, over-discharge protection circuit, will cause another one problem like this, when that charges exactly there is charge less in some battery, is not namely full of; During electric discharge, the existence of some battery owes to put, and namely the energy of whole battery pack does not discharge, and this directly affects the utilization to battery efficiency.We need to carry out equilibrium to the battery of mismatch for this reason.
A kind of battery equalization method of the prior art be on each battery of series connection a controlled discharge resistance in parallel to realize the equilibrium of voltage, as shown in Figure 1, shunting adds an extra shunt compensation device to every battery, shown in a balanced unit 201 in figure, carried out the characteristic of balancing battery BT1 by the characteristic of non-essential resistance R1, switch S 1.During charging, when the charging voltage of BT1 battery exceedes set point, switch S 1 is in closure state, is shunted the one part of current of this battery by the resistance R1 being connected in parallel on BT1, thus reaches the object reducing this battery charging voltage.Large for the caloric value when shunting of scheme in this, and only when charging, there is practicality.
Another kind of battery equalization method of the prior art is the process of chopping, when charging, when the charging voltage of a certain battery exceedes set point, is cut off the circuit of this battery, as shown in Figure 2 by automatic control switch.This method can only prevent battery overvoltage to charge, but does not have proportionality action.Secondly, the load capacity of its roof-cut resistence used, increases with battery capacity and adds very large, should not adopt.This method needs charger to coordinate, and requires that charger can adapt to the ability of 1 to n battery core charging, and wants after switching battery to adjust charging voltage dynamically, charging current, realizes constant current, constant voltage charge and floating charge etc., higher to the requirement of charger, and require that intellectuality is higher.
In sum, there is large and high to the requirement of the charger problem of caloric value in battery equalizing circuit of the prior art.
Summary of the invention
The object of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of series battery equalizing circuit, is intended to solve battery equalizing circuit of the prior art and there is large and high to the requirement of the charger problem of caloric value.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of series battery equalizing circuit, comprising: voltage sample module, controller, isolating switch module and energy-storage module;
The voltage acquisition input of described voltage sample module is connected to described series battery, the voltage acquisition output of described voltage sample module is connected to the voltage input end of described controller, the control signal output of described controller is connected to the control end of described isolating switch module, the voltage input end of described isolating switch module is connected to described series battery, and the first voltage output end of described isolating switch module and the second voltage output end are connected to the two ends of described energy-storage module;
Wherein, the magnitude of voltage of each cell in series battery described in described voltage sample module acquires, the magnitude of voltage of each cell described compares by described controller, and control described isolating switch module according to comparative result the cell with maximum voltage value is switched to described energy-storage module, when the described cell with maximum voltage value reaches balanced with the electricity in described energy-storage module, control the connection had described in the disconnection of described isolating switch module between the cell of maximum voltage value and described energy-storage module, simultaneously, control described isolation module and the cell with minimum amount of voltage that is switched to described energy-storage module, when the described cell with minimum amount of voltage that reaches balanced with the electricity in described energy-storage module, control the connection had described in the disconnection of described isolating switch module between the cell of minimum amount of voltage that and described energy-storage module, and again the magnitude of voltage of each cell of described voltage sample module acquires is compared, until the electricity in described series battery in all cells reaches balanced.
In the series battery equalizing circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention, described isolating switch module comprises multiple Disconnecting switch unit, the quantity of described Disconnecting switch unit is identical with the quantity of cell in described series battery, first voltage input end of described Disconnecting switch unit and the second voltage input end are connected to positive pole and the negative pole of the cell corresponding with described Disconnecting switch unit respectively, first voltage output end of described Disconnecting switch unit and the second voltage output end are connected to the two ends of described energy-storage module respectively, first control end of described Disconnecting switch unit and the second control end are connected to a voltage output end in described controller respectively.
In the series battery equalizing circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention, described Disconnecting switch unit is made up of the first field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor, the 3rd field effect transistor, the 4th field effect transistor, the first light-emitting diode, the second light-emitting diode, the 8th resistance, the 9th resistance, the tenth resistance and the 11 resistance;
Described first field effect transistor drain electrode is the first voltage input end of described Disconnecting switch unit, be connected to the positive pole of cell corresponding to described Disconnecting switch unit, the grid of described first field effect transistor and source electrode are connected to grid and the source electrode of described second field effect transistor respectively, the drain electrode of described second field effect transistor is the first voltage output end of described Disconnecting switch unit, be connected to the first end of described energy-storage module, the negative electrode of described first light-emitting diode and the first end of described 8th resistance connect rear ground connection altogether, the anode of described first Light-Emitting Diode is connected to the second end of described 8th resistance and the first end of described 9th resistance, second end of described 9th resistance is the first control end of described Disconnecting switch unit,
Described 3rd field effect transistor drain electrode is the second voltage input end of described Disconnecting switch unit, be connected to the negative pole of cell corresponding to described Disconnecting switch unit, the grid of described 3rd field effect transistor and source electrode are connected to grid and the source electrode of described 4th field effect transistor respectively, the drain electrode of described 3rd field effect transistor is the second voltage output end of described Disconnecting switch unit, be connected to the second end of described energy-storage module, the negative electrode of described second light-emitting diode and the first end of described tenth resistance connect rear ground connection altogether, the anode of described second Light-Emitting Diode is connected to the second end of described tenth resistance and the first end of described 11 resistance, second end of described 11 resistance is the second control end of described Disconnecting switch unit.
In the series battery equalizing circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention, described voltage sampling circuit is made up of the first voltage sampling unit and at least one second voltage sampling unit;
Described first voltage sampling unit voltage acquisition input is connected to the two ends of the first cell in described series battery, the negative pole of described first cell is the negative pole of described series battery, the voltage acquisition output of described first voltage sampling unit is connected to a voltage input end in described controller, the reference voltage output end of described first voltage sampling unit is connected to the reference voltage input of the second voltage sampling unit be adjacent, between the positive pole that the voltage acquisition input of described second voltage sampling unit is connected to corresponding cell and ground, the voltage acquisition output of described second voltage sampling unit is connected to a voltage input end in described controller, the reference voltage output end of described second voltage sampling unit is connected to the reference voltage input of the second voltage sampling unit be adjacent.
In the series battery equalizing circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention, described first voltage sampling unit is by the first resistance, 3rd resistance, first voltage follower and the 5th voltage follower composition, the first end of described 3rd resistance and the first end of described first resistance are the voltage acquisition input of described first voltage sampling unit, be connected to negative pole and the positive pole of described first cell respectively, the normal phase input end of described first voltage follower is connected to after second end of described 3rd resistance and the second end of described first resistance connect altogether, the inverting input of described first voltage follower is connected to the voltage output end of described first voltage follower, the voltage output end of described first voltage follower is the reference voltage output end of described first voltage sampling unit, be connected to the reference voltage input of second voltage sampling unit adjacent with described first voltage sampling unit and the positive output end of described 5th voltage follower, the inverting input of described 5th voltage follower is connected to the voltage output end of described 5th voltage follower, the voltage output end of described 5th voltage follower is the voltage acquisition output of described first voltage sampling unit,
Described second voltage sampling unit is made up of the second resistance, the 4th resistance, the second voltage follower, single supply differential amplifier circuit and the 4th voltage follower; the first end of described second resistance and described 4th resistance is the voltage acquisition input of described second voltage sampling unit, be connected to positive pole and the ground of the cell corresponding to described second voltage sampling unit respectively, the normal phase input end of described second voltage follower is connected to after second end of described second resistance and the second end of described 4th resistance connect altogether, the inverting input of described second voltage follower is connected to the voltage output end of described second voltage follower, the voltage output end of described second voltage follower is the reference voltage output end of described second voltage sampling unit, be connected to the reference voltage input of the second adjacent voltage sampling unit and the first input end of described single supply differential amplifier circuit, second input of described single supply differential amplifier circuit is the reference voltage input of described second voltage sampling unit, the output of described single supply amplifying circuit is connected to the normal phase input end of described 4th voltage follower, the inverting input of described 4th voltage follower is connected to the voltage output end of described 4th voltage follower, the voltage output end of described 4th voltage follower is the voltage acquisition output of described second voltage sampling unit.
In the series battery equalizing circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention, described single supply differential amplifier circuit is made up of the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, the 7th resistance, tertiary voltage follower and the 5th field effect transistor;
The first end of the 5th resistance and the 6th resistance is respectively first input end and second input of described single supply differential amplifier circuit, second end of described 5th resistance is connected to the inverting input of described tertiary voltage follower and the source electrode of described 5th field effect transistor, second end of described 6th resistance is connected to the normal phase input end of described tertiary voltage follower, the voltage output end of described tertiary voltage follower is connected to the grid of described 5th field effect transistor, the drain electrode of described 5th field effect transistor is by described 7th grounding through resistance, the drain electrode of described 5th field effect transistor and the common contact of described 7th resistance form the output of described single supply differential amplifier circuit.
In the series battery equalizing circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention, the resistance of described first resistance, described second resistance, described 3rd resistance and described 4th resistance is all identical.
In the series battery equalizing circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention, described controller is made up of ADC sampling unit, processor, the first hardware protection circuit and the second hardware protection circuit;
The voltage input end that multiple voltage input ends of described ADC sampling unit form described controller is connected to voltage acquisition output corresponding in described voltage acquisition module respectively, the voltage output end of described ADC sampling unit is connected to the input of described first hardware protection circuit and described second hardware circuit by described processor, multiple outputs of described first hardware protection circuit are connected to the first control end of corresponding Disconnecting switch unit respectively, multiple outputs of described second hardware protection circuit are connected to the second control end of corresponding Disconnecting switch unit respectively.
In the series battery equalizing circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention, described first hardware protection circuit and described second hardware protection circuit are formed by digital decoder or analog switch, for ensureing that any time only has an effective control level to export.
In the series battery equalizing circuit described in the embodiment of the present invention, described energy-storage module is electric capacity.
The series battery equalizing circuit that implementing the embodiment of the present invention provides has following beneficial effect:
The embodiment of the present invention is owing to adopting the magnitude of voltage of each cell in voltage sample module acquires series battery, controller is adopted to be compared by the magnitude of voltage of each cell, and successively the cell with maximum voltage value is switched to energy-storage module with the cell with minimum amount of voltage that according to comparative result control isolating switch module, and repeat above-mentioned steps until the electricity in series battery in all cells reaches balanced, thus the high accuracy balance of voltage between cell in series battery can be realized, solve " wooden pail effect " in series battery, make whole series battery can realize completely filling normally, Man Fang, owing to not relating to inductive DC-DC conversion, thus improve the transfer efficiency of electricity between cell in series battery, owing to adopting fixed point balanced, thus improve balanced efficiency, decrease the time needed for equilibrium, in addition, the embodiment of the present invention charging, electric discharge and static time all can realize equilibrium, only use an electric capacity just can complete equilibrium to series battery, reduce the cost of equalizing circuit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of shunting/the method for bypass equalizing circuit in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of process of chopping equalizing circuit in prior art;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of series battery equalizing circuit when embody rule that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 4 is the fundamental diagram of the series battery equalizing circuit that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 5 shows it is the fundamental diagram including the series battery equalizing circuit of two cells that another embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 6 is the internal circuit fundamental diagram of Disconnecting switch unit in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the circuit theory diagrams of voltage sample module in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structured flowchart of embodiment of the present invention middle controller inside.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of series battery equalizing circuit when embody rule that the embodiment of the present invention provides.Shown in Figure 3, the series battery equalizing circuit that the embodiment of the present invention provides comprises voltage sample module 104, controller 103, isolating switch module 102 and energy-storage module 105; The voltage acquisition input of described voltage sample module 104 is connected to described series battery 101, the voltage acquisition output of described voltage sample module 104 is connected to the voltage input end of described controller 103, the control signal output of described controller 103 is connected to the control end of described isolating switch module 102, the voltage input end of described isolating switch module 102 is connected to described series battery 101, and the first voltage output end of described isolating switch module 102 and the second voltage output end are connected to the two ends of described energy-storage module 105;
Wherein, described voltage sample module 104 gathers the magnitude of voltage of each cell in described series battery 101; the magnitude of voltage of each cell described compares by described controller 103, and control described isolating switch module 102 according to comparative result the cell with maximum voltage value is switched to described energy-storage module 105, when the described cell with maximum voltage value reaches balanced with the electricity in described energy-storage module 105, control described isolating switch module 102 disconnect described in there is connection between the cell of maximum voltage value and described energy-storage module 105, simultaneously, control described isolation module and the cell with minimum amount of voltage that is switched to described energy-storage module 105, when the described cell with minimum amount of voltage that reaches balanced with the electricity in described energy-storage module 105, control described isolating switch module 102 disconnect described in there is connection between the cell of minimum amount of voltage that and described energy-storage module 105, and the magnitude of voltage of each cell again described voltage sample module 104 gathered compares, until the electricity in described series battery 101 in all cells reaches balanced.
In order to understand the present invention further, now show that row are described series battery 101 equalizing circuit provided by the invention by concrete realization.
Shown in Figure 4, series battery 101 is by cell BT1, BT2, BT3 ... the battery pack that BTn-1, BTn are in series, the differential electrical pressure point that gained exports is followed successively by BIT0, BIT1, BIT2, BIT3 ... BITn-1, BITn, wherein the voltage at differential voltage Node B IT0 and differential voltage Node B IT1 two ends is the voltage of cell BT1; The voltage at differential voltage Node B IT1 and differential voltage Node B IT2 two ends is the voltage of cell BT2; The voltage at differential voltage Node B ITn-1 and differential voltage Node B ITn two ends is the voltage of cell BTn, and the interface between series battery 101 and series battery 101 equalizing circuit is only BIT0, BIT1, BIT2, BIT3 ... these differential voltage nodes of BITn-1, BITn.
Fig. 5 shows the fundamental diagram of series battery 101 equalizing circuit including two cells that another embodiment of the present invention provides.Shown in Figure 5, the working method of this series battery 101 equalizing circuit is: by voltage sample module 104 couples of cell BT1, BT2 carries out voltage sample, by controller 103, two sampled voltages are compared, when voltage higher than cell BT1 of the voltage of cell BT2, closed S3 in isolating switch module 102, S4, disconnect S1, S2, now, cell BT2 charges to electric capacity C, when after charging complete, namely when the electricity in cell BT2 and electric capacity C reaches equilibrium, open S3, S4, closed S1, S2, now, because the voltage of electric capacity C is higher than BT1, electric capacity C will charge to BT1, when opening S1 again after the balance of voltage, S2, Closing Switch S3, S4, go down like this and just the electricity in cell BT2 can be transferred in cell BT1, finally realize the balance of these two monomer battery voltages.Due in this conversion, only there is the conduction loss of the leakage current loss of electric capacity itself, turn on process breaker in middle S1, S2, S3 and S4, so electricity transfer efficiency is quite high in whole balancing procedure, on average about 98%; Owing to adopting electric capacity to map the balance realizing voltage, so final balance result can make deviate close to 0V, this high accuracy equilibrium is that existing digital technology is unapproachable.
Further, shown in Figure 4, described energy-storage module 105 is electric capacity, described isolating switch module 102 comprises multiple Disconnecting switch unit, the quantity of described Disconnecting switch unit is identical with the quantity of cell in described series battery 101, first voltage input end A1 of described Disconnecting switch unit and the second voltage input end A2 is connected to positive pole and the negative pole of the cell corresponding with described Disconnecting switch unit respectively, first voltage output end B1 of described Disconnecting switch unit and the second voltage output end B2 is connected to the two ends of described energy-storage module 105 respectively, first control end C1 of described Disconnecting switch unit and the second control end C2 is connected to a voltage output end in described controller 103 respectively.
Further, Fig. 6 shows the internal circuit fundamental diagram of Disconnecting switch unit in the embodiment of the present invention.Shown in Figure 6, described Disconnecting switch unit is made up of the first field effect transistor Q1, the second field effect transistor Q2, the 3rd field effect transistor Q3, the 4th field effect transistor Q4, the first light-emitting diode DS1, the second light-emitting diode DS2, the 8th resistance R8, the 9th resistance R9, the tenth resistance R10 and the 11 resistance R11;
Described first field effect transistor Q1 drain electrode is the first voltage input end A1 of described Disconnecting switch unit, be connected to the positive pole of cell corresponding to described Disconnecting switch unit, the grid of described first field effect transistor Q1 and source electrode are connected to grid and the source electrode of described second field effect transistor Q2 respectively, the drain electrode of described second field effect transistor Q2 is the first voltage output end B1 of described Disconnecting switch unit, be connected to the first end of described energy-storage module 105, the negative electrode of described first light-emitting diode DS1 and the first end of described 8th resistance R8 connect rear ground connection altogether, the anode of described first Light-Emitting Diode is connected to second end of described 8th resistance R8 and the first end of described 9th resistance R9, second end of described 9th resistance R9 is the first control end C1 of described Disconnecting switch unit,
Described 3rd field effect transistor Q3 drain electrode is the second voltage input end A2 of described Disconnecting switch unit, be connected to the negative pole of cell corresponding to described Disconnecting switch unit, the grid of described 3rd field effect transistor Q3 and source electrode are connected to grid and the source electrode of described 4th field effect transistor Q4 respectively, the drain electrode of described 3rd field effect transistor Q3 is the second voltage output end B2 of described Disconnecting switch unit, be connected to the second end of described energy-storage module 105, the negative electrode of described second light-emitting diode and the first end of described tenth resistance R10 connect rear ground connection altogether, the anode of described second Light-Emitting Diode is connected to second end of described tenth resistance R10 and the first end of described 11 resistance R11, second end of described 11 resistance R11 is the second control end C2 of described Disconnecting switch unit.
In embodiments of the present invention, owing to there is electric current two-way flow, so the ability that Disconnecting switch unit will have break-make to exchange, Disconnecting switch unit is mainly used in electric capacity C at this and switches between different monomers battery, thus realizes charging, electric discharge.Disconnecting switch unit in the embodiment of the present invention adopts the structure shown in Fig. 6, conducting between A1, B1 and shutoff can be realized by the grid controlling the first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2, when the first control end C1 adds high level, by the 8th resistance R8 and the 9th resistance R9 dividing potential drop, first light-emitting diode DS1 works, first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2 conducting, conducting between A1 and B1; When the first control end adds low level, the first light-emitting diode DS1 does not work, and the first field effect transistor Q1 and the second field effect transistor Q2 ends, A1 and B1 holds cut-off.Another road the 3rd field effect transistor Q3 is identical with above-mentioned operation principle with the operation principle of the 4th field effect transistor Q4 and the second light-emitting diode, is not repeated at this.Further, the first field effect transistor Q1 in the embodiment of the present invention, the second field effect transistor Q2, the 3rd field effect transistor Q3 and the 4th field effect transistor Q4 include but not limited to NMOS tube, be preferably NMOS tube in the embodiment of the present invention, the speed of service faster can be realized like this.
Further, Fig. 7 shows the circuit theory diagrams of voltage sample module 104 in the embodiment of the present invention.Shown in Figure 7, described voltage sampling circuit is made up of the first voltage sampling unit and at least one second voltage sampling unit;
Described first voltage sampling unit voltage acquisition input is connected to the two ends of the first cell in described series battery 101, the negative pole of described first cell is the negative pole of described series battery 101, the voltage acquisition output of described first voltage sampling unit is connected to a voltage input end in described controller 103, the reference voltage output end of described first voltage sampling unit is connected to the reference voltage input of the second voltage sampling unit be adjacent, between the positive pole that the voltage acquisition input of described second voltage sampling unit is connected to corresponding cell and ground, the voltage acquisition output of described second voltage sampling unit is connected to a voltage input end in described controller 103, the reference voltage output end of described second voltage sampling unit is connected to the reference voltage input of the second voltage sampling unit be adjacent.
Further, shown in Figure 7, described first voltage sampling unit is by the first resistance R1, 3rd resistance R3, first voltage follower A1 and the 5th voltage follower A5 forms, the first end of described 3rd resistance R3 and the first end of described first resistance R1 are the voltage acquisition input of described first voltage sampling unit, be connected to negative pole and the positive pole of described first cell respectively, the normal phase input end of described first voltage follower A1 is connected to after second end of described 3rd resistance R3 and second end of described first resistance R1 connect altogether, the inverting input of described first voltage follower A1 is connected to the voltage output end of described first voltage follower A1, the voltage output end of described first voltage follower A1 is the reference voltage output end of described first voltage sampling unit, be connected to the reference voltage input of second voltage sampling unit adjacent with described first voltage sampling unit and the positive output end of described 5th voltage follower A5, the inverting input of described 5th voltage follower A5 is connected to the voltage output end of described 5th voltage follower A5, the voltage output end of described 5th voltage follower A5 is the voltage acquisition output of described first voltage sampling unit,
Described second voltage sampling unit is made up of the second resistance R2, the 4th resistance R4, the second voltage follower A2, single supply differential amplifier circuit and the 4th voltage follower A4; the first end of described second resistance R2 and described 4th resistance R4 is the voltage acquisition input of described second voltage sampling unit, be connected to positive pole and the ground of the cell corresponding to described second voltage sampling unit respectively, the normal phase input end of described second voltage follower A2 is connected to after second end of described second resistance R2 and second end of described 4th resistance R4 connect altogether, the inverting input of described second voltage follower A2 is connected to the voltage output end of described second voltage follower A2, the voltage output end of described second voltage follower A2 is the reference voltage output end of described second voltage sampling unit, be connected to the reference voltage input of the second adjacent voltage sampling unit and the first input end of described single supply differential amplifier circuit, second input of described single supply differential amplifier circuit is the reference voltage input of described second voltage sampling unit, the output of described single supply amplifying circuit is connected to the normal phase input end of described 4th voltage follower A4, the inverting input of described 4th voltage follower A4 is connected to the voltage output end of described 4th voltage follower A4, the voltage output end of described 4th voltage follower A4 is the voltage acquisition output of described second voltage sampling unit.
Further, shown in Figure 7, described single supply differential amplifier circuit is made up of the 5th resistance R5, the 6th resistance R6, the 7th resistance R7, tertiary voltage follower A3 and the 5th field effect transistor Q5;
The first end of the 5th resistance R5 and the 6th resistance R6 is respectively first input end and second input of described single supply differential amplifier circuit, second end of described 5th resistance R5 is connected to the inverting input of described tertiary voltage follower A3 and the source electrode of described 5th field effect transistor Q5, second end of described 6th resistance R6 is connected to the normal phase input end of described tertiary voltage follower A3, the voltage output end of described tertiary voltage follower A3 is connected to the grid of described 5th field effect transistor Q5, the drain electrode of described 5th field effect transistor Q5 is by described 7th resistance R7 ground connection, the drain electrode of described 5th field effect transistor Q5 and the common contact of described 7th resistance R7 form the output of described single supply differential amplifier circuit.
Further, the resistance of described first resistance R1, described second resistance R2, described 3rd resistance R3 and described 4th resistance R4 is all identical.
Voltage sample module 104 major function is the voltage that to be mapped to series battery 101 negative pole by the voltage of each cell be reference in the present embodiment, so that rear class ADC sampling and controller 103 process.In order to understand the present invention further, existing for the voltage acquisition module corresponding to the series battery 101 including two cells, describe the operation principle of voltage acquisition module in the present invention in detail.Shown in Figure 7, when voltage sample module 104 is sampled, the second resistance R2 in the first resistance R1 in first voltage sampling unit and the 3rd resistance R3, the second voltage sampling unit and the 4th resistance R4 can carry out dividing potential drop to cell BT1 and cell BT2 respectively, and voltage V1, the V2 after dividing potential drop is carried out isolation by voltage follower A1, A2 obtain V1-1, V2-1, then V1-1, V2-1 are sent to single supply differential amplifier circuit, obtain the multiple V2-3 of the voltage difference of V2-1 and V1-1, its multiple is determined by the ratio of resistance R5, R6 and R7.In order to ensure that the isolation exported adopts voltage follower A4, A5 to obtain final output voltage V1-0 and V2-0 of voltage sample module 104.The embodiment of the present invention is poor owing to using the single supply differential amplifier circuit of particular design to complete the work of voltage, and from the beginning arrive meaning only carried out a dividing potential drop, farthest avoid the impact of resistance on Output rusults, the design of this voltage sample module 104 not only can obtain the voltage mapping of degree of precision, but also solves the difficult point of high-end voltage sample.
Fig. 8 shows the structured flowchart of embodiment of the present invention middle controller 103 inside.Shown in Figure 7, described controller 103 is made up of ADC sampling unit 1031, processor 1032, first hardware protection circuit 1033 and the second hardware protection circuit 1034;
The voltage input end that multiple voltage input ends of described ADC sampling unit 1031 form described controller 103 is connected to voltage acquisition output corresponding in described voltage acquisition module respectively, the voltage output end of described ADC sampling unit 1031 is connected to the input of described first hardware protection circuit 1033 and described second hardware circuit by described processor 1032, multiple outputs of described first hardware protection circuit 1033 are connected to the first control end of corresponding Disconnecting switch unit respectively, multiple outputs of described second hardware protection circuit 1034 are connected to the second control end of corresponding Disconnecting switch unit respectively.
In embodiments of the present invention, the major function of controller 103 is that the voltage mapping value that voltage sample module 104 obtained is after ADC sampling unit 1031 carries out digitlization, judge in processor 1032, the cell with maximum voltage value and minimum amount of voltage that is found respectively by processor 1032, and realized connection/disconnection of specifically having between the cell of maximum voltage value and minimum amount of voltage that and electric capacity C by the Disconnecting switch unit controlled in isolating switch module 102, thus realize the electricity transfer between cell.
Further, described first hardware protection circuit 1033 and described second hardware protection circuit 1034 are formed by digital decoder or analog switch, for ensureing that any time only has an effective control level to export.
In embodiments of the present invention; first hardware protection circuit 1033 is mainly used in ensureing C2, the C4 for electric capacity C anode portion ... only have a high level output in C2n-2, C2n, the second hardware protection circuit 1034 is mainly used in ensureing C1, the C43 for the cathode portion of electric capacity C ... a high level output is only had in C2n-3, C2n-1.
To sum up, can find out, the magnitude of voltage of the embodiment of the present invention owing to adopting voltage sample module 104 to gather each cell in series battery 101, controller 103 is adopted to be compared by the magnitude of voltage of each cell, and successively the cell with maximum voltage value is switched to energy-storage module 105 with the cell with minimum amount of voltage that according to comparative result control isolating switch module 102, and repeat above-mentioned steps until the electricity in series battery 101 in all cells reaches balanced, thus the high accuracy balance of voltage between cell in series battery 101 can be realized, solve " wooden pail effect " in series battery 101, make whole series battery 101 can realize completely filling normally, Man Fang, owing to not relating to inductive DC-DC conversion, thus improve the transfer efficiency of electricity between cell in series battery 101, owing to adopting fixed point balanced, thus improve balanced efficiency, decrease the time needed for equilibrium, in addition, the embodiment of the present invention charging, electric discharge and static time all can realize equilibrium, only use an electric capacity just can complete equilibrium to series battery 101, reduce the cost of equalizing circuit.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a series battery equalizing circuit, is characterized in that, comprising: voltage sample module, controller, isolating switch module and energy-storage module;
The voltage acquisition input of described voltage sample module is connected to described series battery, the voltage acquisition output of described voltage sample module is connected to the voltage input end of described controller, the control signal output of described controller is connected to the control end of described isolating switch module, the voltage input end of described isolating switch module is connected to described series battery, and the first voltage output end of described isolating switch module and the second voltage output end are connected to the two ends of described energy-storage module;
Wherein, the magnitude of voltage of each cell in series battery described in described voltage sample module acquires, the magnitude of voltage of each cell described compares by described controller, and control described isolating switch module according to comparative result the cell with maximum voltage value is switched to described energy-storage module, when the described cell with maximum voltage value reaches balanced with the electricity in described energy-storage module, control the connection had described in the disconnection of described isolating switch module between the cell of maximum voltage value and described energy-storage module, simultaneously, control described isolation module and the cell with minimum amount of voltage that is switched to described energy-storage module, when the described cell with minimum amount of voltage that reaches balanced with the electricity in described energy-storage module, control the connection had described in the disconnection of described isolating switch module between the cell of minimum amount of voltage that and described energy-storage module, and again the magnitude of voltage of each cell of described voltage sample module acquires is compared, until the electricity in described series battery in all cells reaches balanced.
2. series battery equalizing circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described isolating switch module comprises multiple Disconnecting switch unit, the quantity of described Disconnecting switch unit is identical with the quantity of cell in described series battery, first voltage input end of described Disconnecting switch unit and the second voltage input end are connected to positive pole and the negative pole of the cell corresponding with described Disconnecting switch unit respectively, first voltage output end of described Disconnecting switch unit and the second voltage output end are connected to the two ends of described energy-storage module respectively, first control end of described Disconnecting switch unit and the second control end are connected to a voltage output end in described controller respectively.
3. series battery equalizing circuit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described Disconnecting switch unit is made up of the first field effect transistor, the second field effect transistor, the 3rd field effect transistor, the 4th field effect transistor, the first light-emitting diode, the second light-emitting diode, the 8th resistance, the 9th resistance, the tenth resistance and the 11 resistance;
Described first field effect transistor drain electrode is the first voltage input end of described Disconnecting switch unit, be connected to the positive pole of cell corresponding to described Disconnecting switch unit, the grid of described first field effect transistor and source electrode are connected to grid and the source electrode of described second field effect transistor respectively, the drain electrode of described second field effect transistor is the first voltage output end of described Disconnecting switch unit, be connected to the first end of described energy-storage module, the negative electrode of described first light-emitting diode and the first end of described 8th resistance connect rear ground connection altogether, the anode of described first Light-Emitting Diode is connected to the second end of described 8th resistance and the first end of described 9th resistance, second end of described 9th resistance is the first control end of described Disconnecting switch unit,
Described 3rd field effect transistor drain electrode is the second voltage input end of described Disconnecting switch unit, be connected to the negative pole of cell corresponding to described Disconnecting switch unit, the grid of described 3rd field effect transistor and source electrode are connected to grid and the source electrode of described 4th field effect transistor respectively, the drain electrode of described 3rd field effect transistor is the second voltage output end of described Disconnecting switch unit, be connected to the second end of described energy-storage module, the negative electrode of described second light-emitting diode and the first end of described tenth resistance connect rear ground connection altogether, the anode of described second Light-Emitting Diode is connected to the second end of described tenth resistance and the first end of described 11 resistance, second end of described 11 resistance is the second control end of described Disconnecting switch unit.
4. series battery equalizing circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described voltage sampling circuit is made up of the first voltage sampling unit and at least one second voltage sampling unit;
Described first voltage sampling unit voltage acquisition input is connected to the two ends of the first cell in described series battery, the negative pole of described first cell is the negative pole of described series battery, the voltage acquisition output of described first voltage sampling unit is connected to a voltage input end in described controller, the reference voltage output end of described first voltage sampling unit is connected to the reference voltage input of the second voltage sampling unit be adjacent, between the positive pole that the voltage acquisition input of described second voltage sampling unit is connected to corresponding cell and ground, the voltage acquisition output of described second voltage sampling unit is connected to a voltage input end in described controller, the reference voltage output end of described second voltage sampling unit is connected to the reference voltage input of the second voltage sampling unit be adjacent.
5. series battery equalizing circuit as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described first voltage sampling unit is by the first resistance, 3rd resistance, first voltage follower and the 5th voltage follower composition, the first end of described 3rd resistance and the first end of described first resistance are the voltage acquisition input of described first voltage sampling unit, be connected to negative pole and the positive pole of described first cell respectively, the normal phase input end of described first voltage follower is connected to after second end of described 3rd resistance and the second end of described first resistance connect altogether, the inverting input of described first voltage follower is connected to the voltage output end of described first voltage follower, the voltage output end of described first voltage follower is the reference voltage output end of described first voltage sampling unit, be connected to the reference voltage input of second voltage sampling unit adjacent with described first voltage sampling unit and the positive output end of described 5th voltage follower, the inverting input of described 5th voltage follower is connected to the voltage output end of described 5th voltage follower, the voltage output end of described 5th voltage follower is the voltage acquisition output of described first voltage sampling unit,
Described second voltage sampling unit is made up of the second resistance, the 4th resistance, the second voltage follower, single supply differential amplifier circuit and the 4th voltage follower; the first end of described second resistance and described 4th resistance is the voltage acquisition input of described second voltage sampling unit, be connected to positive pole and the ground of the cell corresponding to described second voltage sampling unit respectively, the normal phase input end of described second voltage follower is connected to after second end of described second resistance and the second end of described 4th resistance connect altogether, the inverting input of described second voltage follower is connected to the voltage output end of described second voltage follower, the voltage output end of described second voltage follower is the reference voltage output end of described second voltage sampling unit, be connected to the reference voltage input of the second adjacent voltage sampling unit and the first input end of described single supply differential amplifier circuit, second input of described single supply differential amplifier circuit is the reference voltage input of described second voltage sampling unit, the output of described single supply amplifying circuit is connected to the normal phase input end of described 4th voltage follower, the inverting input of described 4th voltage follower is connected to the voltage output end of described 4th voltage follower, the voltage output end of described 4th voltage follower is the voltage acquisition output of described second voltage sampling unit.
6. series battery equalizing circuit as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described single supply differential amplifier circuit is made up of the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, the 7th resistance, tertiary voltage follower and the 5th field effect transistor;
The first end of the 5th resistance and the 6th resistance is respectively first input end and second input of described single supply differential amplifier circuit, second end of described 5th resistance is connected to the inverting input of described tertiary voltage follower and the source electrode of described 5th field effect transistor, second end of described 6th resistance is connected to the normal phase input end of described tertiary voltage follower, the voltage output end of described tertiary voltage follower is connected to the grid of described 5th field effect transistor, the drain electrode of described 5th field effect transistor is by described 7th grounding through resistance, the drain electrode of described 5th field effect transistor and the common contact of described 7th resistance form the output of described single supply differential amplifier circuit.
7. series battery equalizing circuit as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the resistance of described first resistance, described second resistance, described 3rd resistance and described 4th resistance is all identical.
8. series battery equalizing circuit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described controller is made up of ADC sampling unit, processor, the first hardware protection circuit and the second hardware protection circuit;
The voltage input end that multiple voltage input ends of described ADC sampling unit form described controller is connected to voltage acquisition output corresponding in described voltage acquisition module respectively, the voltage output end of described ADC sampling unit is connected to the input of described first hardware protection circuit and described second hardware circuit by described processor, multiple outputs of described first hardware protection circuit are connected to the first control end of corresponding Disconnecting switch unit respectively, multiple outputs of described second hardware protection circuit are connected to the second control end of corresponding Disconnecting switch unit respectively.
9. series battery equalizing circuit as claimed in claim 8; it is characterized in that; described first hardware protection circuit and described second hardware protection circuit are formed by digital decoder or analog switch, for ensureing that any time only has an effective control level to export.
10. series battery equalizing circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described energy-storage module is electric capacity.
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| CN201510386342.6A CN104935051A (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2015-06-30 | A series battery equalization circuit |
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| CN106786944A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-05-31 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of sample circuit of series battery cell, equalizing circuit and system |
| CN106816930A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-06-09 | 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 | A kind of battery equalizing circuit, control method and battery equalization system |
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| CN111326805A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-23 | 重庆理工大学 | Layered battery equalization judgment circuit and equalization management circuit based on analog sampling |
| CN113263957A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-17 | 重庆大学 | Energy optimization device and method for power battery system |
| CN113263957B (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2022-06-24 | 重庆大学 | Energy optimization device and method for power battery system |
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Application publication date: 20150923 |