CN104934998A - Battery capacity grading cabinet and battery capacity grading method - Google Patents
Battery capacity grading cabinet and battery capacity grading method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104934998A CN104934998A CN201510355238.0A CN201510355238A CN104934998A CN 104934998 A CN104934998 A CN 104934998A CN 201510355238 A CN201510355238 A CN 201510355238A CN 104934998 A CN104934998 A CN 104934998A
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Abstract
The invention provides a battery capacity grading cabinet and a battery capacity grading method, wherein the battery capacity grading cabinet comprises a commercial power grid, an AC/DC transformation step-down transformer, a direct-current power supply bus and a plurality of battery capacity grading devices, wherein the commercial power grid is used for providing electric energy to a charging battery; the AC/DC transformation step-down transformer is connected with the commercial power grid for converting electric supply into low-voltage direct-current power; the direct-current power supply bus is connected with the AC/DC transformation step-down transformer; and the plurality of the battery capacity grading devices are connected with the direct-current power supply bus for charging the charging battery by utilizing electric energy on the direct-current power supply bus at a charging stage of the charging battery, and re-feeding the electric energy released by the charging battery at the discharging stage of the charging battery to the direct-current power supply bus for the use of other battery capacity grading devices. According to the battery capacity grading cabinet, the electric energy utilization rate is higher than 83.66%, and energy-saving effect can be effectively realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new energy technology, particularly relate to the energy recovery system in a kind of battery charge and discharge process, is exactly a kind of battery grading system and battery partial volume method specifically.
Background technology
In recent years, lithium ion battery is used widely in every field such as electronic products with the premium properties such as its high-energy-density, high voltage, high circulation, high security, environmental protection.Wherein, after lithium ion battery completes, for quality and the performance also transmission path of further dredging Li+ between both positive and negative polarity of checking product battery, improve the cycle performance in the use procedure of battery later stage, guarantee the security performance of product after dispatching from the factory, need to carry out discharge and recharge several times to lithium ion battery before dispatching from the factory, this operation is called " partial volume ".Existing battery partial volume technology is Complete test, and idiographic flow comprises: first battery is full of electricity (to the highest setting voltage); Then by the electricity emptying (being put into minimum setting voltage) of battery storage, in discharge process, capacity and the merit of battery is recorded; Last boost charge, is charged to the voltage of setting.Existing circuit framework is the charging of linear constant current pattern and linear constant current mode discharge.
Prior art way is the Conversion of Energy discharged by each cell is that thermal energy consumption is fallen, and energy utilization rate is low, and ambient temperature can be caused to raise.Such as, by 220V alternating current through Switching Power Supply inversion to direct current 7V, the efficiency in this stage is the efficiency of Switching Power Supply, is generally 80%.Then utilize linear constant current method to charge to battery, battery average voltage is generally 3.8V, so charge efficiency 54.3%.Electric discharge is also use linear constant current pattern, and this pattern utilizes heating principle to be bled off by the electric energy of battery, and do not reclaim, the rate of recovery is 0, due to the normal work needing 220V external power supply to maintain constant-current discharge, so need the electric energy consuming 220V.Finally mend electricity charging, by the voltage not having the battery of electricity to be charged to setting.Because cell voltage does not reach 3.8V, so the efficiency in this stage is lower than 54.3%.For the battery of 3100 MAHs, its store merit be 11.47 watt-hours, if battery by 0 electricity to being full of, need the merit of 7V to be 21.1 watt-hours, need civil power 26.4 watt-hour.All become heat energy to the energy of battery storage during partial volume process to release, last boost charge is generally flushed to 3.8V, is approximately 60% of full electricity, and the electric energy of needs is 15.8 watt-hours.So the battery of 3100 MAHs is once mended electricity, partial volume and is again mended electric energy 42.2 watt-hour of electricity to 60% needs.The electric energy be finally stored in inside battery is 6.882 watt-hours, and becoming heat to the merit in air is 35.318 watt-hours, and efficiency of energy utilization is only 16.3%.
For this reason, in order to improve efficiency of energy utilization, a kind of lithium battery of those skilled in the art's confession in groups grading system (China is open profit CN103904372A specially) comprises energy recycle device, is back in commercial power grid or local power net for raising and convert alternating current to by the discharge voltage of cell each in charge and discharge device.Do not provide the embodiment of concrete energy recycle device in the invention, and property cannot be charged directly to other rechargeable battery, energy utilization rate is not known yet.
In view of above drawback, this area needs a kind of battery grading system defect that efficiency of energy utilization is low to overcome, partial volume workshop condition temperature is high of improvement badly.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of battery grading system and battery partial volume method, to treat that partial volume battery is divided into many groups, the electric energy discharged during battery discharge is transmitted back to direct current supply bus, use for the charging of other battery, civil power time not enough, just can be utilized to carry out benefit electricity, when the electric energy of battery release is too much, when other battery cannots be used up, the electric energy of at this moment battery release turns back to commercial power grid by combining inverter, and utilization rate of electrical reaches more than 83.66%, effectively can realize energy-saving effect.
Battery grading system of the present invention, described battery grading system comprises: commercial power grid, for providing electric energy to rechargeable battery; AC/DC conversion decompression device, is connected with described commercial power grid, for converting the electricity on described commercial power grid to low-voltage direct electric energy; Direct current supply bus, is connected with described AC/DC conversion decompression device; Multiple battery partial volume equipment, be connected with described direct current supply bus, for utilizing the electric energy in described direct current supply bus to charge to rechargeable battery in the rechargeable battery charging stage, and in the discharging rechargeable battery stage, the electric energy that rechargeable battery discharges is transmitted back in described direct current supply bus to charge to other rechargeable battery.
Battery partial volume method of the present invention, described battery partial volume method comprises: AC/DC conversion decompression device converts the electricity on commercial power grid to low-voltage direct electric energy and flows to direct current supply bus; In the rechargeable battery charging stage, battery partial volume equipment group utilizes the electric energy in described direct current supply bus to charge to rechargeable battery; And in the discharging rechargeable battery stage, the electric energy that rechargeable battery discharges is transmitted back in described direct current supply bus so that other partial volume equipment use by described battery partial volume equipment.
The invention provides a kind of battery grading system and battery partial volume method, to treat that partial volume battery is divided into many groups, the electric energy discharged during battery discharge is transmitted back to direct current supply bus, use for the charging of other battery, civil power just can be utilized time not enough to carry out benefit electricity, when the electric energy of battery release is too much, when other battery cannots be used up, the electric energy of at this moment battery release turns back to commercial power grid by combining inverter, not only effectively make use of the electric energy of battery release, and farthest decrease the inversion amount of civil power and low-voltage DC, utilization rate of electrical reaches more than 83.66%, effectively can realize energy-saving effect.
It is to be understood that above-mentioned general description and following embodiment are only exemplary and illustrative, its can not limit the present invention for advocate scope.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Appended accompanying drawing is below a part for specification of the present invention, and it depicts example embodiment of the present invention, and appended accompanying drawing is used for principle of the present invention is described together with the description of specification.
The block diagram of the execution mode one of a kind of battery grading system that Fig. 1 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention;
The block diagram of the execution mode two of a kind of battery grading system that Fig. 2 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention;
The block diagram of the execution mode of a kind of inversion grid connection circuit that Fig. 3 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention;
The circuit diagram of the discharge controller of a kind of inversion grid connection circuit that Fig. 4 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention;
The block diagram of the first control unit of a kind of inversion grid connection circuit that Fig. 5 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention;
The circuit diagram of the high frequency stepup transformer of a kind of inversion grid connection circuit that Fig. 6 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention;
The block diagram of the execution mode one of a kind of battery partial volume equipment that Fig. 7 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention;
The circuit diagram of the charge-discharge control circuit of a kind of battery partial volume equipment that Fig. 8 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention;
The circuit diagram of the execution mode one of the charging-discharging controller of a kind of battery partial volume equipment that Fig. 9 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention;
The circuit diagram of the execution mode two of the charge-discharge control circuit of a kind of battery partial volume equipment that Figure 10 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention;
The block diagram of the execution mode two of a kind of battery partial volume equipment that Figure 11 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention;
The block diagram of the execution mode three of a kind of battery grading system that Figure 12 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention;
The block diagram of the AC/DC conversion decompression device of a kind of battery grading system that Figure 13 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention;
The flow chart of a kind of battery partial volume method that Figure 14 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention.
Symbol description:
50 DC port 51 electric energy reclaim switch
52 voltage comparator 53 high frequency stepup transformers
54 discharge controller 55 commutation managers
56 civil power port 57 rectifier filters
541 first field effect transistor 542 first diodes
543 first control unit 544 first inductance
545 first connect high pressure ground electric capacity 546 second diode
5431 first PWM chip 5,433 first voltage detection units
5434 current detecting units
5435 phase detection unit 531 first primary coils
5311 first just lower end, first upper ends 5,312 first
532 second field effect transistor 533 the 3rd field effect transistor
534 second primary coils 5,341 second are upper end just
5342 second first lower end 535 the 4th field effect transistor
536 the 5th field effect transistor 537 second PWM chip
538 first secondary coil 5381 first time upper ends
5382 first time lower end 539 second subprime coil
5391 second time lower end, second time upper ends 5392
40 low-voltage direct interface 41 charge-discharge control circuits
42 battery port 43 voltage detecting circuits
44 current detection circuits
411 the 6th field effect transistor 412 the 7th field effect transistor
413 charging-discharging controller 414 second inductance
415 second ground capacity 4131 the 2nd MCU
4132 CPLD 4133 the 3rd MCU
4134 PWM chip 46 display controllers
100 commercial power grid 200 AC/DC conversion decompression devices
300 direct current supply bus 400 battery partial volume equipment
500 inversion grid connection circuit 600 main frames
20 second voltage detection unit 21 AC/DC conversion decompression unit
Embodiment
Clearly understand for making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage, below by with accompanying drawing and describe the spirit clearly demonstrating disclosed content in detail, any art technical staff is after the embodiment understanding content of the present invention, when can by the technology of content institute of the present invention teaching, be changed and modify, it does not depart from spirit and the scope of content of the present invention.
Schematic description and description of the present invention is for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.In addition, in drawings and the embodiments use element/component that is identical or like numerals will to be used to represent identical or similar portions.
About " first " used herein, " second " ... Deng, the not special meaning of censuring order or cis-position, is also not used to limit the present invention, and it is only in order to distinguish the element or operation that describe with constructed term.
About direction used herein term, such as: upper and lower, left and right, front or rear etc., be only the direction with reference to accompanying drawing.Therefore, the direction term of use is used to illustrate and is not used for limiting this creation.
About " comprising " used herein, " comprising ", " having ", " containing " etc., be open term, namely mean including but not limited to.
About used herein " and/or ", "and/or", comprise the arbitrary of described things or all combine.
About term used herein " roughly ", " about " etc., in order to modify any can the quantity of microvariations or error, but this slight variations or error can't change its essence.Generally speaking, the scope of the microvariations that this type of term is modified or error can be 20% in some embodiments, can be 10% in some embodiments, can be 5% or other numerical value in some embodiments.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the aforementioned numerical value mentioned can adjust according to actual demand, not as limit.
Some in order to the word that describes the application by lower or discuss in the other places of this specification, to provide those skilled in the art about guiding extra in the description of the application.
The block diagram of the execution mode one of a kind of battery grading system that Fig. 1 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, described battery grading system comprises commercial power grid 100, AC/DC conversion decompression device 200, direct current supply bus 300, multiple battery partial volume equipment 400, wherein, commercial power grid 100 is for providing electric energy to rechargeable battery; AC/DC conversion decompression device 200 is connected with described commercial power grid 100, and AC/DC conversion decompression device 200 is for converting civil power to low-voltage DC; Direct current supply bus 300 is connected with described AC/DC conversion decompression device 200; Battery partial volume equipment 400 is connected with described direct current supply bus 300, battery partial volume equipment 400 charges to rechargeable battery for utilizing the electric energy in described direct current supply bus 300 in the rechargeable battery charging stage, and is transmitted back in described direct current supply bus 300 electric energy that rechargeable battery discharges to charge to other rechargeable battery in the discharging rechargeable battery stage.
The block diagram of the execution mode two of a kind of battery grading system that Fig. 2 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 2, described battery grading system also comprises inversion grid connection circuit 500, inversion grid connection circuit 500 is connected between described commercial power grid 100 and described direct current supply bus 300, and inversion grid connection circuit 500 is for being transmitted back to described commercial power grid 100 by the electric energy inversion in described direct current supply bus 300.
See figures.1.and.2, battery grading system can divide two sides, ping-pong operation, that is the energy of a grading system rechargeable battery release can be sent in direct current supply bus 300, the energy needed for the other rechargeable battery charging of grading system is directly supplied by direct current supply bus 300, if for 3100 MAH battery partial volumes, its merit that can store is 11.47 watt-hours, calculate with the direct voltage of 7V, adopt battery grading system of the present invention, charge efficiency can reach more than 94%, and electric discharge boosts to low-voltage direct bus efficiency and can reach more than 89%.In addition, such as, if the electric energy that rechargeable battery discharges to direct current supply bus 300 is too much, when the voltage in direct current supply bus 300 is more than 7V, electric energy unnecessary in direct current supply bus 300 is transmitted back to described commercial power grid 100 by inversion grid connection circuit 500, saves electric energy further; On the other hand, if the electric energy that rechargeable battery discharges to direct current supply bus 300 is not enough, the demand needing rechargeable battery can not be met, such as, when voltage in direct current supply bus 300 is lower than 6V, civil power on commercial power grid 100 is converted to low-voltage DC to provide the electric energy needed for battery charging by AC/DC conversion decompression device 200, ensures operating efficiency of the present invention.
The block diagram of the execution mode of a kind of inversion grid connection circuit that Fig. 3 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 3, described inversion grid connection circuit comprises DC port 50, electric energy reclaims switch 51, voltage comparator 52, high frequency stepup transformer 53, discharge controller 54, commutation manager 55, civil power port 56 and rectifier filter 57, wherein, DC port 50, for receiving the low-voltage direct electric energy of battery release; Electric energy reclaims switch 51 and is connected with described DC port 50; Voltage comparator 52 reclaims switch 51 with described DC port 50 and described electric energy and is connected, and connects described electric energy and reclaim switch 51 when voltage comparator 52 is greater than the first predeterminated voltage for described DC port 50 voltage; High frequency stepup transformer 53 reclaims switch 51 with described electric energy and DC port 50 is connected, and high frequency stepup transformer 53 is High Level AC Voltage for the low-voltage direct electric boost exported by electric current; Discharge controller 54 is connected with described rectifier filter 57, and discharge controller 54 becomes change direct current for controlling described high voltage direct current; Commutation manager 55 is connected with described discharge controller 54, and commutation manager 55 is for converting described change direct current to standard civil power; Civil power port 56 is connected with described commutation manager 55, and civil power port 56 inputs described commercial power grid 100 for the standard civil power exported by described commutation manager 55; Rectifier filter 57 is connected with described high frequency stepup transformer 53, for the AC signal of high-frequency and high-voltage is rectified into stable high voltage direct current.
With reference to Fig. 3, when described DC port 50 voltage is greater than the first predeterminated voltage, voltage comparator 52 is connected described electric energy and is reclaimed switch 51, the electric energy of battery release is first by after high frequency stepup transformer 53 (i.e. high frequency transformer) boosting, phase place is carried out by discharge controller 54, amplitude adjusts, make the amplitude of the alternating voltage after adjustment and phase place synchronous with civil power, because the voltage after adjustment is just, undertaken being adjusted to sine voltage signal by commutation manager 55 again, thus export the amplitude with commercial power grid, the voltage signal that phase place is identical with positive negative direction, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, described first predeterminated voltage is 7V.Therefore, the electric energy of battery release is reclaimed by commercial power grid by high frequency stepup transformer 53 and commutation manager 55, and efficiency for charge-discharge improves greatly.
Between described high frequency stepup transformer 53 and described discharge controller 54, rectifier filter 57 is set; can filtering boosting after produce scrambling signal; such as; filtering high voltage spike signal; the safety of available protecting discharge controller 54, maintains the stability of whole circuit, extends the useful life of inversion grid connection circuit; voltage amplitude after utilizing discharge controller 54 adjustment to boost and phase place, allow inversion grid connection circuit more effectively work.
The circuit diagram of the discharge controller of a kind of inversion grid connection circuit that Fig. 4 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 4, described discharge controller 54 comprises the first field effect transistor 541, first diode 542, first control unit 543, first inductance 544, first and connects high pressure ground electric capacity 545 and the second diode 546, wherein, the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor 541 is connected with described rectifier filter 57; The forward terminated high voltage ground of the first diode 542, the backward end of the first diode 542 is connected with the source electrode of described first field effect transistor 541, and the first diode 542 is for afterflow; First control unit 543 is connected with the grid of described first field effect transistor 541, and the first control unit 543 is for controlling the switch of described first field effect transistor 541 to realize transmitting to commutation manager 55 described in described change direct current; One end of first inductance 544 is connected with the source electrode of described first field effect transistor 541, and the first inductance 544 is for the slow loopback described high voltage direct current being pressed to commercial power grid; First connects high pressure ground electric capacity 545 is arranged between described first inductance 544 and ground, is arranged between described first inductance 544 and ground, for form integrating circuit electric with the half-wave DC producing 100HZ after filtering and change with described first inductance (544); The forward end and described first of the second diode 546 connects high pressure ground electric capacity 545 and is connected, and the backward end of the second diode 546 is connected with described commutation manager 55, flows to described discharge controller 54 for preventing commercial power grid electric current after the rectification of commutation manager.
With reference to Fig. 4, due to the forward end ground connection of the first diode 542, if there is negative voltage in discharge controller inside, the normal operation of can be led by the first diode 542 the earth, guarantee circuit; First control unit 543 controls the switch of described first field effect transistor 541 to realize the loopback that described high voltage direct current presses to commercial power grid, such as, first control unit 543 applies high level to the grid of the first field effect transistor 541, first field effect transistor 541 conducting, the voltage after high frequency stepup transformer 53 boosts is able to transmit to commutation manager 55; One end of first inductance 544 is connected with the source electrode of described first field effect transistor 541, and the electric capacity 545 that the first inductance 544 and first connects high pressure ground forms integrating circuit, and this integrating circuit produces the half-wave DC electricity of 100HZ change after being used for filtering; When described first inductance 544 loopback voltage is excessive, first connects high pressure ground electric capacity 545 storage of electrical energy, ensures the stability of circuit further; The forward end and described first of the second diode 546 connects high pressure ground electric capacity 545 and is connected, and prevents electrical network electric energy from after the rectification of commutation manager, flowing to inversion grid connection circuit.Turn back in commercial power grid to the stable electric power that battery discharges by discharge controller and go.
The block diagram of the first control unit of a kind of inversion grid connection circuit that Fig. 5 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 5, described first control unit 543 comprises the first pulse width modulation (PWM) chip 5431, first voltage detection unit 5433, current detecting unit 5434 and phase detection unit 5435, wherein, first PWM chip 5431 is connected with the grid of described first field effect transistor 541, and the first PWM chip 5431 is for controlling the switch of described first field effect transistor 541; First voltage detection unit 5433 is connected with described rectifier filter 57, described commutation manager 55 and described first pulse width modulation (PWM) chip 5431, and the first voltage detection unit 5433 is for controlling the size of described first pulse width modulation (PWM) chip 5431 output duty cycle according to two voltage differences; Current detecting unit 5434 is connected with described commutation manager 55, and current detecting unit 5434 is for sensed current signal and control the output duty cycle size of the first pulse width modulation (PWM) chip 5431 according to testing result; Phase detection unit 5435 is connected with described commutation manager 55 and described first pulse width modulation (PWM) chip 5431, phase detection unit 5435, for according to described commutation manager 55 voltage-phase, adjusts described first pulse width modulation (PWM) chip 5431 duty ratio and the moment occurs.
With reference to Fig. 5, first PWM chip 5431 controls the switch (i.e. grid) of described first field effect transistor 541 according to the order that the first voltage detection unit 5433 issues, first voltage detection unit 5433, according to the size of rectifier filter 57 output voltage, adjusts the order that described first PWM chip 5431 issues the switch controlling described first field effect transistor 541.Discharge controller 54 change controller exports the change direct current energy meeting half AC wave shape, the current phase that phase detection unit 5435 needs according to described commutation manager 55 can adjust electric energy, thus ensure the voltage signal phase place of voltage signal that final commutation manager 55 exports and commercial power grid 100 and amplitude synchronous.Such as, high frequency stepup transformer 53 output voltage is excessive, and the first voltage detection unit 5433 adjusts the order that described first PWM chip 5431 issues the closedown controlling described first field effect transistor 541, is discharged into commercial power grid 100 more.Due to the existence of the first control unit 543, effectively can work by controlled discharge controller, improve the execution efficiency of circuit.
The circuit diagram of the high frequency stepup transformer of a kind of inversion grid connection circuit that Fig. 6 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 6, described high frequency stepup transformer 53 comprises two high frequency transformers, first high frequency transformer primary coil 531, second field effect transistor 532, 3rd field effect transistor 533, second high frequency transformer primary coil 538, 4th field effect transistor 535, 5th field effect transistor 536, second pulse width modulation (PWM) chip 537, first high frequency transformer secondary coil 538 and second subprime coil 539, wherein, the centre tap of the first high frequency transformer primary coil 531 is connected with low-voltage direct bus 300 by DC port, electric energy reclaims switch and is connected with the second pulse width modulation (PWM) chip 537, described first high frequency transformer primary coil 531 has the first elementary upper end of high frequency transformer 5311 and the elementary lower end 5312 of the first high frequency transformer, the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor 532 is just connected upper end 5311 with described first high frequency transformer, the source ground of the second field effect transistor 532, the drain electrode of the 3rd field effect transistor 533 is just connected lower end 5312 with described first high frequency transformer, the source ground of the 3rd field effect transistor 533, the centre tap of the second high frequency transformer primary coil 534 is connected with DC port (50), and described second high frequency transformer primary coil 538 has the second elementary upper end of high frequency transformer 5381 and the second first lower end 5382, the drain electrode of the 4th field effect transistor 535 is connected with the described second first upper end 5381, the source ground of the 4th field effect transistor 535, the drain electrode of the 5th field effect transistor 536 is connected with the described second first lower end 5382, the source ground of the 5th field effect transistor 536, second PWM chip 537 is connected with the grid of described second field effect transistor 532, described 3rd field effect transistor 533, described 4th field effect transistor 535 and described 5th field effect transistor 536, first high frequency transformer secondary coil 534 has first level upper end 5341 and first level lower end 5342, second high frequency transformer primary coil 538 is corresponding with described first primary coil 531, and the described first secondary upper end of high frequency transformer 5341 is connected with described rectifier filter 57, second high frequency transformer secondary coil 539 has the second secondary upper end of high frequency transformer 5391 and the secondary lower end 5392 of the second high frequency transformer, second high frequency transformer secondary coil 539 is corresponding with described second high frequency transformer primary coil 534, the described second secondary upper end of high frequency transformer 5391 is connected with the described first secondary lower end 5342 of high frequency transformer, and described second time lower end 5392 is connected with described rectifier filter 57.Form two transformer inputs in parallel, export the boosting model of series connection.
With reference to Fig. 6, high frequency stepup transformer 53 has two transformers, can realize classification boosting, and input low-voltage and high-current, further increases energy conversion efficiency, is conducive to the object of the invention and realizes.
The block diagram of the execution mode one of a kind of battery partial volume equipment that Fig. 7 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 7, described battery partial volume equipment comprises low-voltage direct interface 40, charge-discharge control circuit 41, battery port 42, voltage detecting circuit 43, current detection circuit 44, wherein, low-voltage direct interface 40 is connected with described direct current supply bus 300; Charge-discharge control circuit 41 is connected with described low-voltage direct interface 40; Battery port 42 has positive pole and negative pole, and the positive pole of battery port 42 is connected with described charge-discharge control circuit 41, and battery port 42 is for connecing battery; Voltage detecting circuit 43 is connected with the positive pole of described battery port 42, and voltage detecting circuit 43 is for detecting cell voltage; Current detection circuit 44 is connected with the negative pole of described battery port 42, and current detection circuit 44 is for detecting battery current.
See Fig. 7, voltage detecting circuit 43 and current detection circuit 44 detect the voltage and current of charge-discharge battery, and testing result is fed back to charge-discharge control circuit 41, thus control battery charging or electric discharge, such as, during constant current charge, when voltage detecting circuit 43 detects cell voltage higher than 4.1V, constant current charge terminates, carry out constant voltage charge, when current detection circuit 44 detects battery current lower than 0.01C one of the percentage of battery capacity (i.e.), think that electricity is full, charge-discharge control circuit 41 is according to current detection circuit 44 measurement result, stop charging.
The circuit diagram of the charge-discharge control circuit of a kind of battery partial volume equipment that Fig. 8 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 8, described charge-discharge control circuit 41 comprises the 6th field effect transistor 411, the 7th field effect transistor 412, charging-discharging controller 413, second inductance 414 and the second ground capacity 415, wherein, the drain electrode of the 6th field effect transistor 411 is connected with described low-voltage direct interface 40; The source ground of the 7th field effect transistor 412, the drain electrode of the 7th field effect transistor 412 is connected with the source electrode of described 6th field effect transistor 411; Charging-discharging controller 413 is connected with the grid of described 6th field effect transistor 411 and described 7th field effect transistor 412 respectively, and charging-discharging controller 413 is for controlling the switch of described 6th field effect transistor 411 and described 7th field effect transistor 412 to realize the discharge and recharge of battery; One end of second inductance 414 is connected with the source electrode of described 6th field effect transistor 411, and the second inductance 414 is for slowly charging or slow releasing battery current to battery; The positive pole of the second ground capacity 415 is connected with the other end of described second inductance 414 and described battery port 42, the minus earth of the second ground capacity 415, the second ground capacity 415 is for storage of electrical energy when described second inductance 414 charging voltage is excessive or battery discharge current is excessive.
With reference to Fig. 8, charging-discharging controller 413 controls the break-make of the 6th field effect transistor 411 and the 7th field effect transistor 412, thus realizes the discharge and recharge of battery in battery port 42; Such as, during charging, electric energy is converted to the magnetic field energy be stored in the second inductance 414, and the magnetic field energy then in the second inductance 414 converts electric energy again to and flows in rechargeable battery, during electric discharge, if property is too much, magnetic field energy can not be converted in time to and be stored in the second inductance 414, so, be stored in the second ground capacity 415 temporarily, slowly convert magnetic field energy to be stored in the second inductance 414, finally convert electric energy to, exported by low-voltage direct interface 40.Charge-discharge control circuit 41 achieves the free discharge and recharge of battery, i.e. the electric energy of percentage of batteries release is linked in low-voltage direct bus 300 by low-voltage direct interface 40 and goes, and utilization rate of electrical can reach more than 89%.
The circuit diagram of the execution mode one of the charging-discharging controller of a kind of battery partial volume equipment that Fig. 9 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 9, described charging-discharging controller 413 comprises the second micro-control unit (MCU) 4131 and complex programmable logic chip (CPLD) 4132, wherein, 2nd MCU4131 is connected with described voltage detecting circuit 43 and described current detection circuit 44, and the 2nd MCU is used for exporting a switch command according to described cell voltage and described battery current; CPLD4132 is connected with described second micro-control unit MCU4131, and CPLD4132 is used for the 6th field effect transistor 411 and described 7th field effect transistor 412 according to described switch command switch.
As shown in Figure 9, complex programmable logic chip (CPLD) 4132 can adopt EPM1270T144C3N chip, and this charging-discharging controller 413 is realized by pure digi-tal mode, controls accurately, can meet heavy-duty battery partial volume needs.
The circuit diagram of the execution mode two of the charge-discharge control circuit of a kind of battery partial volume equipment that Figure 10 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 10, described charging-discharging controller 413 comprises the 3rd micro-control unit (MCU) 4133 and pulse width modulation (PWM) chip 4134, wherein, 3rd MCU4133 is connected with described voltage detecting circuit 43 and described current detection circuit 44, and the 3rd MCU4133 is used for exporting analog voltage instruction according to described cell voltage and described battery current; PWM chip 4134 is connected with described 3rd micro-control unit MCU4133, and PWM chip 4134 is for the 6th field effect transistor 411 according to described analog voltage command switch and described 7th field effect transistor 412.
See Figure 10, the control that this charging-discharging controller 413 realizes described 6th field effect transistor 411 and described 7th field effect transistor 412 mainly through analog form by PWM chip 4134, anti-interference good, and realize advantage of lower cost, meet rechargeable battery partial volume needs.
The block diagram of the execution mode two of a kind of battery partial volume equipment that Figure 11 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 11, described battery partial volume equipment also comprises display controller 46, wherein, display controller 46 is connected with described charge-discharge control circuit 41, and display controller 46 is for showing the charging and discharging state of battery.
With reference to Figure 11, display controller 46 can be LED, namely can watch the charging and discharging state of battery.
The block diagram of the execution mode three of a kind of battery grading system that Figure 12 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 12, described battery grading system also comprises main frame 600, wherein, main frame 600 is connected with all described battery partial volume equipment 400, main frame 600 for carrying discharge and recharge switching command to all described battery partial volume equipment 400, and shows charging and discharging state and the discharge capacity of all batteries.
With reference to Figure 12, main frame 600 can carry discharge and recharge switching command to all described battery partial volume equipment 400, can also charging voltage be set, switch condition between constant current charge and constant voltage charge, charging termination condition and show the charging and discharging state and discharge capacity etc. of all batteries, further facilitates the operation of user.
The block diagram of the AC/DC conversion decompression device of a kind of battery grading system that Figure 13 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention, shown in Figure 13, described AC/DC conversion decompression device 200 comprises the second voltage detection unit 20 and AC/DC conversion decompression unit 21, wherein, the second voltage detection unit 20 is for detecting the voltage of described direct current supply bus 300; AC/DC conversion decompression unit 21 is connected with described second voltage detection unit 20, starts when AC/DC conversion decompression unit 21 is less than the second predeterminated voltage for described direct current supply bus 300 voltage.
See Figure 13, second voltage detection unit 20 detects the voltage of described direct current supply bus 300, if described direct current supply bus 300 voltage starts when being less than the second predeterminated voltage, namely the civil power on commercial power grid 100 is converted to low-voltage DC and is not less than 6V to provide the voltage of DC bus by AC/DC conversion decompression device 200.In a specific embodiment of the present invention, described second predeterminated voltage is 6V.
With reference to Fig. 3-Figure 13, DC port 20 is connected with described direct current supply bus 300, voltage comparator 52 turn on-switch when if described direct current supply bus 300 voltage is greater than the second predeterminated voltage, the electric energy in described direct current supply bus 300 is transmitted back to commercial power grid by described inversion grid connection circuit 500.In a specific embodiment of the present invention, described second predeterminated voltage is 7V, and the present invention is not as limit.Namely, the electric energy of battery grading system discharge side battery release is too much, and battery grading system charged side battery cannots be used up, or when not having battery to need to charge, electric energy unnecessary in direct current supply bus 300 is transmitted back to described commercial power grid 100 by inversion grid connection circuit 500, saves electric energy further.
The flow chart of a kind of battery partial volume method that Figure 14 provides for the specific embodiment of the invention; As shown in figure 14, described battery partial volume method comprises:
S101:AC/DC conversion decompression device converts the electricity on commercial power grid to low-voltage direct electric energy and flows to direct current supply bus;
S102: in the rechargeable battery charging stage, the electric energy in direct current supply bus described in the equipment utilization of battery partial volume charges to rechargeable battery;
S103: in the discharging rechargeable battery stage, the electric energy that rechargeable battery discharges is transmitted back in direct current supply bus by battery partial volume equipment;
S104: when the voltage of described direct current supply bus is less than the second predeterminated voltage, starts described AC/DC conversion decompression device;
S105: when the voltage of described direct current supply bus is more than or equal to the second predeterminated voltage, closes described AC/DC conversion decompression device;
S106: when the voltage of described direct current supply bus is less than the first predeterminated voltage, closes grid-connected inverter circuit; And
S107: when described direct current supply bus voltage is more than or equal to the first predeterminated voltage, opens described grid-connected inverter circuit and is passed back on described commercial power grid by the electric energy in described direct current supply bus.
With reference to Figure 14, for convenience of explanation, a lot of battery partial volume equipment is divided into multiple battery partial volume equipment group, if multiple battery partial volume equipment is divided into three groups, is respectively the first battery partial volume equipment group, the second battery partial volume equipment group, the 3rd battery partial volume equipment group.First AC/DC conversion decompression device converts the electricity on commercial power grid to low-voltage direct electric energy and is filled with direct current supply bus, then, the electric energy in direct current supply bus is utilized to charge to the rechargeable battery in the first battery partial volume equipment group, then, rechargeable battery in first battery partial volume equipment group starts electric discharge, release electric energy is recovered in direct current supply bus, then, electric energy in recycling direct current supply bus charges to the rechargeable battery in the second battery partial volume equipment group, then, rechargeable battery in second battery partial volume equipment group starts electric discharge, release electric energy is recovered in direct current supply bus, then, electric energy in recycling direct current supply bus charges to the rechargeable battery in the 3rd battery partial volume equipment group.The electric energy in direct current supply bus can certainly be utilized to charge to the second and the 3rd rechargeable battery in battery partial volume equipment group, and the present invention is not as limit simultaneously.The electric energy discharged during battery discharge is transmitted back to direct current supply bus, charges for other rechargeable battery, civil power just can be utilized to supplement, effectively can realize energy-saving effect time not enough.
Before to rechargeable battery partial volume, due to direct current supply bus not having electric energy, need from converting electrical energy commercial power grid to charge to rechargeable battery, a point discharge capacitor is transferred to after rechargeable battery is full of successively, the electric energy of rechargeable battery release gets more and more, the voltage of direct current supply bus constantly raises, such as, when being elevated to 6V, similar enough rechargeable batteries, at this moment, AC/DC conversion decompression device no longer provides low-voltage direct electric energy to direct current supply bus, electric energy battery being discharged into DC power bus is supplied to other partial volume equipment use, take full advantage of the electric energy of release like this, reach energy-saving effect.In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the second predeterminated voltage is 6V.
Along with the electric energy of rechargeable battery release gets more and more, during such as, discharging rechargeable battery in last battery partial volume equipment group, now do not need the battery charged, the voltage of direct current supply bus constantly raises, such as, when being elevated to 7V, need the battery partial volume equipment of charging can not be finished the electric energy in direct current supply bus, at this moment the electric energy in direct current supply bus passes back on commercial power grid by inversion grid connection circuit, thus reclaims further.In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first predeterminated voltage is 7V, and the present invention is not as limit.
Be a specific embodiment of the present invention below, such as, battery grading system divides two sides, ping-pong operation, and the energy of point discharge capacitor release here in other words is directly transformed into the energy needed for other charging, if electric energy deficiency is provided through conversion by commercial power grid.Utilization rate of electrical of the present invention is further illustrated below for 3100 MAH battery partial volumes, the stores power of 3100 MAH batteries is 11.47 watt-hours, if charged to battery with the direct voltage of 7V, the efficiency of charging is 94%, so the merit that the battery being full of 3100 MAHs needs 7V to provide is 12.1 watt-hours, but the merit needing 220V civil power to provide is 15.1 watt-hours.By reclaiming the electric energy of battery release, the electric energy of battery release is recovered to the efficiency come inside 7V direct current supply bus and reaches 89%, the merit be recovered to is 10.2 watt-hours, that is, utilization rate of electrical of the present invention can reach 94% × 89%=83.66%, far above 40.3% or 34.6% of prior art.If the electric energy of battery release is retrieved to calculate by commercial power grid, be 76% by 7V inversion to the inversion efficiency that 220V is grid-connected, the merit that can reclaim is 7.76 watt-hours, now utilization rate of electrical 89% × 76%=67.64%, still far above zero recovery of prior art.
The invention provides a kind of battery grading system and battery partial volume method, to treat that partial volume battery is divided into many groups, the electric energy discharged during battery discharge is transmitted back to direct current supply bus, use for the charging of other battery, civil power just can be utilized to charge time not enough, when the electric energy of battery release is too much, when other battery cannots be used up, the electric energy of at this moment battery release turns back to commercial power grid by combining inverter, the charging of partial volume battery utilizes the electric energy of commercial power grid completely to only have first group to treat, treat the electric energy that partial volume battery all can utilize other battery and discharges for all the other each group, not only effectively make use of the electric energy of battery release, and farthest decrease the inversion of civil power and low-voltage DC, utilization rate of electrical reaches more than 83.66%, effectively can realize energy-saving effect, and greatly reduce heat dissipation, ensure that the temperature of operating room can not be too high.
The above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention can be implemented in various hardware, Software Coding or both combinations.Such as, embodiments of the invention also can be the program code of the execution said procedure performed in data signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP).The present invention also can relate to the several functions that computer processor, digital signal processor, microprocessor or field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) perform.Can configure above-mentioned processor according to the present invention and perform particular task, it has been come by the machine-readable software code or firmware code performing the ad hoc approach defining the present invention's announcement.Software code or firmware code can be developed into different program languages and different forms or form.Also can in order to different target platform composing software codes.But the different code pattern of the software code of executing the task according to the present invention and other types configuration code, type and language do not depart from spirit of the present invention and scope.
The foregoing is only the schematic embodiment of the present invention, under the prerequisite not departing from design of the present invention and principle, the equivalent variations that any those skilled in the art makes and amendment, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. a battery grading system, is characterized in that, described battery grading system comprises:
Commercial power grid (100), for providing electric energy to rechargeable battery;
AC/DC conversion decompression device (200), is connected with described commercial power grid (100), for converting the electricity on described commercial power grid (100) to low-voltage direct electric energy;
Direct current supply bus (300), is connected with described AC/DC conversion decompression device (200); And
Multiple battery partial volume equipment (400), be connected with described direct current supply bus (300), for utilizing the electric energy on described direct current supply bus (300) to charge to rechargeable battery in the rechargeable battery charging stage, and in the discharging rechargeable battery stage, the electric energy that rechargeable battery discharges is transmitted back to described direct current supply bus (300) above to charge to other rechargeable battery.
2. the battery grading system as shown in claim 1, is characterized in that, described battery grading system also comprises:
Inversion grid connection circuit (500), be connected between described commercial power grid (100) and described direct current supply bus (300), for the electric energy inversion on described direct current supply bus (300) is transmitted back to described commercial power grid (100).
3. the battery grading system as shown in claim 2, is characterized in that, described inversion grid connection circuit (500) comprising:
One DC port (50), is connected with described direct current supply bus (300);
One electric energy reclaims switch (51), is connected with described DC port (50);
One voltage comparator (52), reclaim switch (51) with described DC port (50) and described electric energy to be connected, connect described electric energy when the voltage for described DC port (50) is greater than the first predeterminated voltage and reclaim switch (51);
One high frequency stepup transformer (53), reclaims switch (51) with described electric energy and DC port (50) is connected, for being high-tension electricity by the described low-voltage direct electric boost on described direct current supply bus (300);
One rectifier filter (57), is connected with high frequency stepup transformer (53), for the AC signal of high-frequency and high-voltage is rectified into stable high voltage direct current;
One discharge controller (54), is connected with described rectifier filter (57), becomes change direct current for controlling described high voltage direct current;
One commutation manager (55), is connected with described discharge controller (54), for converting described change direct current to standard civil power;
One civil power port (56), is connected with described commutation manager (55), is transmitted back to described commercial power grid (100) for the standard civil power described commutation manager (55) exported.
4. battery grading system as stated in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described discharge controller (54) comprising:
One first field effect transistor (541), its drain electrode is connected with described rectifier filter (57);
One first diode (542), its forward terminated high voltage ground, backward end is connected, for afterflow with the source electrode of described first field effect transistor (541);
One first control unit (543), be connected with the grid of described first field effect transistor (541), for controlling the switch of described first field effect transistor (541) to realize transmitting to commutation manager (55) described in described change direct current;
One first inductance (544), its one end is connected with the source electrode of described first field effect transistor (541);
One first connects high pressure ground electric capacity (545), is arranged between described first inductance (544) and high pressure ground, for form integrating circuit electric with the half-wave DC producing 100HZ after filtering and change with described first inductance (544);
One second diode (546), its forward end and described first connects high pressure ground electric capacity (545) and is connected, backward end is connected with described commutation manager (55), flows to described discharge controller (54) for preventing the electric energy on described commercial power grid (100) after commutation manager (55) rectification.
5. the battery grading system as shown in claim 4, is characterized in that, described first control unit (543) comprising:
One first pulse width modulation (PWM) chip (5431), is connected with the grid of described first field effect transistor (541), for controlling the switch of described first field effect transistor (541); One first voltage detection unit (5433), be connected with described rectifier filter (57), described commutation manager (55) and described first pulse width modulation (PWM) chip (5431), for controlling the size of described first pulse width modulation (PWM) chip (5431) output duty cycle according to two voltage differences;
One current detecting unit (5434), is connected with described commutation manager (55), controls the output duty cycle size of the first pulse width modulation (PWM) chip (5431) for sensed current signal according to testing result;
One phase detection unit (5435), be connected with described commutation manager (55) and described first pulse width modulation (PWM) chip (5431), for according to described commutation manager (55) voltage-phase, adjust described first pulse width modulation (PWM) chip (5431) duty ratio and the moment occurs.
6. the battery grading system as shown in claim 1, is characterized in that, described battery partial volume equipment (400) comprising:
One low-voltage direct interface (40), is connected with described direct current supply bus (300);
One charge-discharge control circuit (41), is connected with described low-voltage direct interface (40);
One battery port (42), is connected with described charge-discharge control circuit (41), for accommodating rechargeable battery;
One voltage detecting circuit (43), is connected with described charge-discharge control circuit (41) and described battery port (42), for detecting charged battery voltage;
One current detection circuit (44), is connected with described charge-discharge control circuit (41) and described battery port (42), for detecting rechargeable battery electric current.
7. the battery grading system as shown in claim 6, is characterized in that, described charge-discharge control circuit (41) comprising:
One the 6th field effect transistor (411), its drain electrode is connected with described low-voltage direct interface (40);
One the 7th field effect transistor (412), its source ground, drain electrode is connected with the source electrode of described 6th field effect transistor (411);
One charging-discharging controller (413), be connected with the grid of described 6th field effect transistor (411) and described 7th field effect transistor (412) respectively, for controlling the switch of described 6th field effect transistor (411) and described 7th field effect transistor (412) to realize the discharge and recharge of rechargeable battery;
One second inductance (414), its one end is connected with the source electrode of described 6th field effect transistor (411), for slowly charging or slow releasing rechargeable battery electric current to rechargeable battery; And
One second ground capacity (415), the other end and the described battery port (42) of its positive pole and described second inductance (414) are connected, minus earth, for storage of electrical energy when described second inductance (414) charging voltage is excessive or discharging rechargeable battery electric current is excessive.
8. the battery grading system as shown in claim 7, is characterized in that, described charging-discharging controller (413) comprising:
One second micro-control unit MCU (4131), be connected with described voltage detecting circuit (43) and described current detection circuit (44), for exporting a switch command according to described charged battery voltage and described rechargeable battery electric current; And
One complex programmable logic chip CPLD (4132), be connected with described second micro-control unit MCU (4131), for the 6th field effect transistor (411) according to described switch command switch and described 7th field effect transistor (412).
9. the battery grading system as shown in claim 7, is characterized in that, described charging-discharging controller (413) comprising:
One the 3rd micro-control unit MCU (4133), be connected with described voltage detecting circuit (43) and described current detection circuit (44), for exporting a switch command according to described charged battery voltage and described rechargeable battery electric current; And
One pulse width modulation (PWM) chip (4134), be connected with described 3rd micro-control unit MCU (4133), for the 6th field effect transistor (411) according to described switch command switch and described 7th field effect transistor (412).
10. battery grading system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described AC/DC conversion decompression device (200) comprising:
One second voltage detection unit (20), for detecting the voltage of described direct current supply bus (300); And
One AC/DC conversion decompression unit (21), is connected with described second voltage detection unit (20), starts when being less than the second predeterminated voltage for described direct current supply bus (300) voltage.
11. 1 kinds of battery partial volume methods, is characterized in that, described battery partial volume method comprises:
AC/DC conversion decompression device converts the electricity on commercial power grid to low-voltage direct electric energy and flows to direct current supply bus;
In the rechargeable battery charging stage, the electric energy in direct current supply bus described in the equipment utilization of battery partial volume charges to rechargeable battery;
In the discharging rechargeable battery stage, the electric energy that rechargeable battery discharges is transmitted back in direct current supply bus by battery partial volume equipment;
When the voltage of described direct current supply bus is less than the second predeterminated voltage, start described AC/DC conversion decompression device;
When the voltage of described direct current supply bus is more than or equal to the second predeterminated voltage, close described AC/DC conversion decompression device;
When the voltage of described direct current supply bus is less than the first predeterminated voltage, close grid-connected inverter circuit; And
When described direct current supply bus voltage is more than or equal to the first predeterminated voltage, opens described grid-connected inverter circuit and the electric energy in described direct current supply bus is passed back on described commercial power grid.
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