CN104931575A - Analysis method for identifying gold, platinum and palladium in chemical sample - Google Patents

Analysis method for identifying gold, platinum and palladium in chemical sample Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104931575A
CN104931575A CN201510353894.7A CN201510353894A CN104931575A CN 104931575 A CN104931575 A CN 104931575A CN 201510353894 A CN201510353894 A CN 201510353894A CN 104931575 A CN104931575 A CN 104931575A
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platinum
palladium
gold
sample
pouch
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CN201510353894.7A
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Inventor
王君玉
唐志中
曹立峰
吴葆存
陈静
袁润蕾
陈浩凤
王敏捷
陈冲科
张帆
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HENAN ROCK MINERAL TESTING CENTRE
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HENAN ROCK MINERAL TESTING CENTRE
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Abstract

The invention discloses an analysis method for identifying gold, platinum and palladium in a chemical sample, which is a novel analysis method for analyzing ultra-trace gold, platinum and palladium, which has the advantages of low detection limit, good precision, mass production and low cost and meets various technical requirements of geochemical sample analysis.

Description

A kind of analytical approach identifying gold, platinum, palladium in chemical example
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical identification technical field, be specifically related to a kind of analytical approach identifying gold, platinum, palladium in chemical example.
Background technology
Many national government using noble metal as national strategy reserve metal air, among the people then using noble metal jewelry as collection new lover.But noble metal content in the earth's crust is atomic, belong to " ultratrace element ", also fewer than " rare element ", also disperse than some " rare and scatter element ".In geochemical sample, gold, platinum, palladium average abundance are usually between 0.02-10X10-12, need separation and concentration in advance.The ensaying class methods of current use are large because of sampling amount, can eliminate gold grain effect preferably and be widely adopted.The analysis result of ensaying method often depends on the working experience of analyst, and the optimum solvent composition of some samples must judge in advance, and analysis process is long, and labour intensity is large; The deadly defect of ensaying method is that detection limit does not reach requirement, can not the needs of Geochemistry sample analysis contentedly.And chemical analysis is one of Main Bottleneck technology implementing exploration geochemistry plan.
The method of current mensuration gold, platinum, palladium has wet method and pyrogenic process.Pyrogenic process is namely: in China's analysis of Precious Metals standard method, (in November, 2010 issue) " plumbous ensaying method enrichment-emission spectrographic determination " (GB/T17418.6) defines the analytical approach of gold in geochemical sample, platinum, palladium 3 elements.But method detection limit can not the actual requirement of Geochemistry Gold Samples, platinum, palladium element contentedly, and the Lead Toxicity used in plumbous ensaying method is large, causes severe contamination to human body and environment.Wet method is most representative is the method for hydrochloric acid-hydrogen peroxide molten ore deposit-acticarbon-717 negative ion enrichment-dynamically suction filtration separation and concentration-emission spectrometry gold, platinum, the palladium of our unit.The data that first width gold, platinum, palladium geochemical map are used in the world adopt the method analysis.Existing dry method and wet method respectively have quality.The recovery of ensaying method is relatively high, so the standard method of noble metal adopts fire assaying.But ensaying analysis needs special facilities and place, and require that operator has more rich ensaying experience.For extreme trace analysis, ensaying analysis is owing to using a large amount of reagent, and blank problem is also comparatively difficult to resolve certainly relatively, and the Lead Toxicity used in plumbous ensaying method is large, causes severe contamination to human body and environment.Wet method, with mineral acid Direct Resolution sample, simple, quick and economical, blank problem relatively easily solves.But the recovery is relatively low, under different temperatures, the recovery is also different, different samples, and performance is had any different, and adsorption rate is different, and analysis result precision is poor.Therefore, the new analytical approach of the every technical requirement of a kind of sample analysis of Geochemistry is contentedly badly in need of.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of detection limit is low, precision good, can produce in enormous quantities, the method for analysing ultra-traces gold that cost is low, platinum, palladium, with the new analytical approach of the every technical requirement of Geochemistry sample analysis contentedly.
The present invention realizes especially by following technical scheme:
Identify an analytical approach for gold, platinum, palladium in chemical example, specifically comprise the following steps:
1) take sample in porcelain boat, calcination in low temperature muffle furnace, temperature rises to 650 DEG C of insulation calcinations;
2) will pour in conical flask after calcination, siliceous high sample adds a little ammonium fluoride, adds water-wet;
3) shake up after adding chloroazotic acid, be placed on 200 DEG C of electric hot plates, heat from low temperature;
4) pouch that hybrid resin is housed is put into conical flask, put on constant temperature oscillator, concussion 1h;
5) pour out the test solution in conical flask, add hydrochloric acid, on constant temperature oscillator, shake 20 minutes, take out the pouch that resin is housed and put into little porcelain crucible, ashing in muffle furnace;
6) inverse aqua regia dissolution ash content 15 minutes are used, with distilled water constant volume in color comparison tube, to be determined;
7) adjust the instrument parameter of Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy, do interior mark with lutetium, measure gold, platinum, palladium.
Further,
In step (1), insulation calcination time is 1.5-2h.
Heating condition described in step (3), for being 1/10 to volume concentration, adding water and shakes up.
The pouch of the hybrid resin described in step (4) is: by 201 resin anion (R.A.)s and 600 thiourea resin mixed in equal amounts, takes a morsel and loads in pouch.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: adopt the molten ore deposit of chloroazotic acid-determine Au, Pt, Pd in a large amount of geochemical sample to combination resin vibration enrichment-plasma mass spectrometry.The analysis detection limit of method is Au, Pd 0.05 × 10 respectively -9, Pt 0.03 × 10 -9.Precision (RSD, n=12) is less than 10%.The requirement of ultratrace Au in geochemical sample, Pt, Pd ultimate analysis can be met.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further, the following stated, only to preferred embodiment of the present invention, not do other forms of restriction to the present invention, any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed to the Equivalent embodiments of equal change.Everyly do not depart from the present invention program's content, any simple modification done following examples according to technical spirit of the present invention or equivalent variations, all drop in protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
This laboratory sample is originated: geologic examination office of Tanzania, sample is soil, powdery.Analyze lot number: 2014Z179.
In following embodiment, other material used, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Test method:
Step 1 accurately takes 10.0g sample in porcelain boat, porcelain boat is put in calcination in low temperature muffle furnace, and temperature is raised to 650 DEG C of follow-up afterglow 1.5-2 hour and grills thoroughly.Slightly cold, take out porcelain boat.
The sample grilled thoroughly in porcelain boat is poured in 250mL conical flask by step 2 in order, and the 10mL that adds water soaks.
Step 3 adds concentrated hydrochloric acid 30mL, and nitric acid 10mL shakes up, and is positioned over by beaker on 200 DEG C of electric hot plates, is heated to volume to about 25mL, is taken off by beaker from electric hot plate from low temperature, adds 100mL water and shakes up.
Step 4 makes absorption sack: mixed by 2 kinds of resins (201 strongly basic anionic resins and 600 thiourea resins) 1+1, gets about 1 gram and loads in pouch.
The pouch that hybrid resin is housed is put into the 250mL conical flask of above solvent sample by step 5, puts on constant temperature oscillator, shakes 1 hour.
Step 6 pours out the test solution in conical flask, adds the hydrochloric acid of 40mL 1mol/L, on constant temperature oscillator, shakes 20 minutes, takes out the pouch that resin is housed and puts into the little porcelain crucible of 15mL, ashing in muffle furnace.
Step 7 with 2mL against aqua regia dissolution ash content 15 minutes, with distilled water constant volume in 10mL color comparison tube, to be determined.
Step 8 adjusts the instrument parameter of Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy, does interior mark with lutetium, measures gold, platinum, palladium.
Table 1 partial analysis qualification result
The detection limit of sample analysis quality and quote rate, accuracy and precision, primary standard sample qualification rate, interior inspection and abnormity point Repeatability checking qualification rate etc. and all meet DZ/T0130.4-2006 code requirement; Analyze combined sample 1357, the rate of quoting of each element is 100%.
Insert 4 primary standard materials in each analysis batch (50 numbers are a collection of), whole sample is divided into 42 batches altogether, and the qualification rate of each element primary standard material is 100%.Repeatability checking is pressed 5% of total number of samples and is extracted, and has extracted altogether 111.Repeatability checking (interior inspection) qualification rate of each element is all more than 95%.The quantity of abnormity point Repeatability checking is the 3-5% of total number of samples, and abnormity point routine analysis relative deviation controls limit RD%≤50%, and the qualification rate that abnormity point Repeatability checking qualification rate removes Au, Pt, Pd tri-noble metals is greater than 90%, 98%, 95%.Geological mapping effect is better, and analysis result is superior in quality.
Embodiment 2
This laboratory sample is originated: Hubei Prov. Inst. of Geology Experiment, and sample is sediments, and the sample delivering to my center has been machined to-200 order (-0.074mm) powderies, analytical test can be directly used in, after receiving sample, sample checked by contrast sample presentation list, confirm errorless after be numbered.Interior inspection (replica test), by 5% encipher of total number of samples, is randomly drawed.
Analyze lot number: 2015Z081.
In following embodiment, other material used, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Test method:
Step 1 accurately takes 10.0g sample in porcelain boat, porcelain boat is put in calcination in low temperature muffle furnace, and temperature is raised to 650 DEG C of follow-up afterglow 1.5-2 hour and grills thoroughly.Slightly cold, take out porcelain boat.
The sample grilled thoroughly in porcelain boat is poured in 250mL conical flask by step 2 in order, and the 10mL that adds water soaks.
Step 3 adds concentrated hydrochloric acid 30mL, and nitric acid 10mL shakes up, and is positioned over by beaker on 200 DEG C of electric hot plates, is heated to volume to about 25mL, is taken off by beaker from electric hot plate from low temperature, adds 100mL water and shakes up.
Step 4 makes absorption sack: mixed by 2 kinds of resins (201 strongly basic anionic resins and 600 thiourea resins) 1+1, gets about 1 gram and loads in pouch.
The pouch that hybrid resin is housed is put into the 250mL conical flask of above solvent sample by step 5, puts on constant temperature oscillator, shakes 1 hour.
Step 6 pours out the test solution in conical flask, adds the hydrochloric acid of 40mL 1mol/L, on constant temperature oscillator, shakes 20 minutes, takes out the pouch that resin is housed and puts into the little porcelain crucible of 15mL, ashing in muffle furnace.
Step 7 with 2mL against aqua regia dissolution ash content 15 minutes, with distilled water constant volume in 10mL color comparison tube, to be determined.
Step 8 instrument uses U.S. thermoelectricity XSERIES2 plasma mass spectrograph, and the instrument parameter of adjusting and optimizing Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy, does interior mark with lutetium, measures gold, platinum, palladium.
Table 2 some experimental data
Accuracy controlling:
Accuracy employing is analyzed national standard reference material (GPt) with sample simultaneously and is controlled.This batch of pedotheque totally 6404, it is 1 batch by every 50 samples (including 4 standard substances), be divided into 140 analyses batch altogether, each analyze batch in each even insertion 4 national standard reference materials (GPt-1, GPt-2, GPt-7, GPt-8), 140 analyze batch in insert standard substance 558 altogether, analyze with sample simultaneously.Analysis of Precious Metals quality monitoring requires to perform with reference to the quality monitoring of Au in DZ/T 0130-2006 " geological and mineral laboratory test mass management regulation ", the accuracy analyzed with the measured value of single standard substance and the relative deviation Quality control of standard value.The control limit of noble metal routine analysis is in table 3.Standard substance qualification rate is in table 4.
Table 3 precious metals standard matter and sample analysis allow relative deviation
Table 4 standard substance qualification rate statistical form
Element Standard specimen number (individual) Passing number (individual) Qualification rate (%)
Pt 558 558 100
Pd 558 553 99
Au 558 552 99
Precision controls:
Inspection 349, (replica test) sample in extracting by 5% of total number of samples, first encipher is analyzed, result out after, calculate the relative error between fundamental analysis and Inspection and analysis result, allow limit statistics qualification rate by relative error listed in table 1.Each element qualification rate statistics is in table 5.As can be seen from the statistics of table 5, the interior inspection qualification rate of each element is all greater than 90.00%.
Inspection qualification rate statistical form in table 5
Element Standard specimen number (individual) Passing number (individual) Qualification rate (%)
Pt 349 335 95.70
Pd 349 331 94.84
Au 349 321 91.98
Quote rate:
Quote the statistics of rate: every measurement result be less than actual detection limit (the actual detection limit of each element determination method is considered as not quoting in table 6 result.The statistics quoting rate is in table 6, and as can be seen from the statistics of table 6, the rate of quoting of each element is all greater than 97.00%.
The each detection limits of table 6 and quote rate
The symbol of element Detection limit (10 -9) Sample number (individual) Quote number (individual) Quote rate %
Pt 0.05 6404 6400 99.94
Pd 0.05 6404 6367 99.42
Au 0.03 6404 6245 97.52
In sum, the sediments sample that Hubei Prov. Inst. of Geology Experiment send, analytical approach is reasonable, proper, and analytic process quality control method is practical, correct.By national standard substance (GPt series) control accuracy in sample analysis process, by repeated analysis and Control precision, detection limit, quote rate, the regulation requirement that the mass parameters such as quality are all better than DZ/T0130-2006 " geological and mineral laboratory test mass management regulation " is analyzed in standard substance and interior inspection, analyze quality and meet user's requirement.
Embodiment 3
This laboratory sample is originated: Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration under China Academy of Geos, sample is rock (comprising carbonatite, peridotite, shale etc.).Analyze lot number: 2013Z021.
In following embodiment, other material used, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Test method is with embodiment 2.
Table 7 some experimental data
Element quotes rate: analyze sample and amount to 1721, the analytical approach detection limit issued out according to we carries out statistical computation, and the rate of quoting of three elements, all higher than 95%, illustrates that our analytical approach can actual requirement.
Primary standard material analyzes qualification rate: insert 4 primary standard materials in each analysis batch (50 numbers are a collection of), whole sample is divided into 42 batches altogether, and the qualification rate of each element primary standard material is all greater than 98%, complete customer requirement.
Inspection (interior inspection) qualification rate: Repeatability checking is pressed 5% of total number of samples and extracted, and has extracted altogether 111.Control limit RD%≤50% of Repeatability checking, Repeatability checking (interior inspection) qualification rate of each element is all more than 95%.
Abnormity point is checked: the quantity of abnormity point Repeatability checking is the 3-5% of total number of samples, and abnormity point routine analysis relative deviation controls limit RD%≤50%, and abnormity point Repeatability checking qualification rate is removed Au, Pt, Pd and is respectively 90%, 98%, 95%.
Embodiment 4
1) method detection limit
Carry out blank determination with said method, measure 20 times, be respectively with the detection limit that 3 times of standard deviations add up this method: Au, Pd are 0.05ng/g, Pt 0.03ng/g.The results are shown in Table 8.
The detection limit of table 8 method and determination limit
2) method precision and accuracy
To platinum family element geochemical analysis standard substance (GBW07288, GBW07289 and GBW07294) replicate determination 12 increment product, the preci-sion and accuracy of investigation method, the results are shown in Table 9.
The preci-sion and accuracy (n=12) of table 9 method
Result shows, the precision (RSD) that the precision (RSD) of Au is 7% ~ 14%, the precision of Pt (RSD) is 5% ~ 13%, Pd is 6% ~ 13%.Accuracy (RE) is Au-8.5% ~ 11%, Pt-5.0% ~ 1%, Pd-9.2% ~ 7.3%.Meet the analysis requirement of samples in regional geochemical survey.

Claims (4)

1. identify an analytical approach for gold, platinum, palladium in chemical example, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) take sample in porcelain boat, calcination in low temperature muffle furnace, temperature rises to 650 DEG C of insulation calcinations;
2) will pour in conical flask after calcination, siliceous high sample adds a little ammonium fluoride, adds water-wet;
3) shake up after continuing to add chloroazotic acid, be placed on 200 DEG C of electric hot plates, heat from low temperature;
4) pouch that hybrid resin is housed is put into conical flask, put on constant temperature oscillator, concussion 1h;
5) pour out the test solution in conical flask, add hydrochloric acid, on constant temperature oscillator, shake 20 minutes, take out the pouch that resin is housed and put into little porcelain crucible, ashing in muffle furnace;
6) inverse aqua regia dissolution ash content 15 minutes are used, with distilled water constant volume in color comparison tube, to be determined;
7) adjust the instrument parameter of Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy, do interior mark with lutetium, measure gold, platinum, palladium.
2. a kind of analytical approach identifying gold, platinum, palladium in chemical example according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (1), insulation calcination time is 1.5-2h.
3. a kind of analytical approach identifying gold, platinum, palladium in chemical example according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the heating condition described in step (3), for being 1/10 to volume concentration, adding water and shakes up.
4. a kind of analytical approach identifying gold, platinum, palladium in chemical example according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pouch of the hybrid resin described in step (4) is: by 201 resin anion (R.A.)s and 600 thiourea resin mixed in equal amounts, take a morsel and load in pouch.
CN201510353894.7A 2015-06-23 2015-06-23 Analysis method for identifying gold, platinum and palladium in chemical sample Pending CN104931575A (en)

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CN105548334A (en) * 2016-01-28 2016-05-04 河南省岩石矿物测试中心 Phase state analysis method of Pt, Pd and Au in black rock type platinum group minerals
CN106092693A (en) * 2016-07-25 2016-11-09 吉林省地质科学研究所 A kind of preparation method of gold loaded carbon gold analytical standard material
CN109107546A (en) * 2018-09-10 2019-01-01 河南省岩石矿物测试中心 Synthetic method and application of alizarin red-S chelate forming resin

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CN105548334A (en) * 2016-01-28 2016-05-04 河南省岩石矿物测试中心 Phase state analysis method of Pt, Pd and Au in black rock type platinum group minerals
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CN106092693A (en) * 2016-07-25 2016-11-09 吉林省地质科学研究所 A kind of preparation method of gold loaded carbon gold analytical standard material
CN106092693B (en) * 2016-07-25 2019-01-11 吉林省地质科学研究所 A kind of preparation method of gold loaded carbon gold analytical standard substance
CN109107546A (en) * 2018-09-10 2019-01-01 河南省岩石矿物测试中心 Synthetic method and application of alizarin red-S chelate forming resin
CN109107546B (en) * 2018-09-10 2021-06-04 河南省岩石矿物测试中心 Synthetic method and application of alizarin red-S chelating resin

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