CN104930589A - Community heating control system and method based on distributed sensing network - Google Patents
Community heating control system and method based on distributed sensing network Download PDFInfo
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- CN104930589A CN104930589A CN201510212454.XA CN201510212454A CN104930589A CN 104930589 A CN104930589 A CN 104930589A CN 201510212454 A CN201510212454 A CN 201510212454A CN 104930589 A CN104930589 A CN 104930589A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention relates to a community heating control system and method based on a distributed sensing network. The community heating control system based on the distributed sensing network comprises a plurality of sensor nodes and a server. The sensor nodes are used for regularly acquiring external environment information of buildings. The server is used for conducting heating control on a community according to the environment information acquired by the sensor nodes and the solar altitude of the position of the community in the corresponding moment. According to the invention, the illumination, the temperature and the humidity of each building at the moment and the covering influence caused by shadows of adjacent buildings on the building at the moment are acquired in real time, the temperature environment of households on each floor of each building is accurately estimated, then total data are collected, and targeted and accurate heating is conducted on each household through a simulated annealing algorithm. Energy is saved to the maximum extent on the basis that the comfort of the living environment of the households is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Smart Home technical field, be specifically related to a kind of community heating control system and method based on distributed sensor.
Background technology
Western developed country is carried out building energy conservation on a large scale and be continue for for four more than ten years, and it is high that its building has comfort level, the feature that energy consumption is low.Such as France reinstated the energy-conservation system mark of legal form formal provision Heating Residential Buildings from 1974, from 1984 to nineteen ninety, the building energy consumption of France is down to 28% from account for social total energy consumption 42% ~ 45%.Nowadays Europe builds zero very strict energy consumption residential standard, makes CO2 emission standard and power self-support standard, and western developed country holds a safe lead in building energy saving field.
China building energy conservation level compared with western developed country tool there is a big difference, and the most of area of China has the climatic characteristic made a clear distinction between the four seasons, the Architectural Design Strategy of cold district or hot area can not be simply used to look to solving with certain material the entirely different requirement of Various Seasonal, and the small-scale centralization control strategy of accurately supply as required on time should be taked, measure for the tailor-made temperature control of same weather subenvironment.The per capita resources of China self just very low (being about 50% of world average level) occupies this, economize energy is one of fundamental state policy of China, and buildings and resources consumption proportion in energy wastage in bulk or weight very high (accounting for 27.8% in 1999), total amount is very large, and therefore deeply carrying out Building Energy-saving Work constantly has very great meaning.
China Today one line urban population density is high, and residential building density is large, story height, and North City heating energy consumption in winter increases year by year, the daily life that have impact on city dweller that the atmosphere pollution (as haze) of generation is serious.By contrast, northern most of city still adopts old-fashioned central heating, and the modes such as whole day heating are resident's heating, cannot meet the demand of modern city to energy-saving and environmental protection.
According to national relevant regulations (design specification), Residential Area floor interval need meet sunshine-duration winter solstice and be not less than 1 hour (house bottom window).And in the residential quarter of northern high population density, under the prerequisite do not heated, when having sunshine and the sunshine of not having winter, indoor temperature is (according to data in literature, time maximum, the same time temperature difference reaches 7K) that differ greatly.Therefore, the floor of different illumination conditions is heated targetedly be very important.Due to domestic premises towards and disunity, record the building shadow coverage condition of each household if think accurately and be not easy.The present invention, by increasing the method for ambient parameter measuring transducer on unit doorway, estimates the light conditions of whole building, solves this problem with little cost.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention of this reality provides a kind of community heating control system and method based on distributed sensor.
Based on a community heating control system for distributed sensor, comprise the sensor node of some external environment information for timing acquiring building, and server;
The external environment information that described server collects according to sensor node, and the sun altitude of corresponding position, moment community carries out heating control to community.
By the current residing external environment information of each building of Real-time Collection in the present invention, estimate the current residing temperature environment of each Dong Mei one deck resident family accurately, then aggregate data, pass through simulated annealing, implement targetedly to each family, heat accurately.Ensureing on the basis that resident family's living environment is comfortable, at utmost economize energy.
As preferably, each sensor node comprises temperature sensor, humidity sensor and optical sensor.Corresponding described environmental information comprises the temperature of sensor mounting location corresponding to each building, humidity and intensity of illumination.
For being reached for controlling in real time accurately of each family heating, the unit one_to_one corresponding in described sensor node and building.In addition, because in existing community, unit is all equipped with doorway machine, for ease of realizing, in the present invention, each sensor node is integrated in doorway machine.
For ease of carrying out communications, integrally server is sent to after the environmental data line packing that the sensor node of building, same building unit collects, the i.e. corresponding father node in each building, building, using should not in building, building the sensor node collection of unit as child node, each child node directly communicates with corresponding father node, the environmental information line collected is sent to father node, and by father node as transfer, unification sends to server.Its child nodes with corresponding father node, communicated by wireless network between father node with server, as by Ethernet/Wifi/3G/4G etc.
The sun altitude of corresponding position, moment community is obtained by following formulae discovery:
Wherein, hs is sun altitude, and δ is the sun equator latitude of position, community,
for the latitude of position, community, ω is solar hour angle, is 0 ° with local high noon; Be negative in the morning, time per-15 °; Just be in the afternoon, time per+15 °.
Sun altitude is different in Various Seasonal situation of change, and therefore, as preferably, in the present invention, the time interval of sensor node timing acquiring environmental information can adjust according to season.This time interval is 1.5 ~ 1.5 hours under normal circumstances.
Present invention also offers a kind of community heating control method based on distributed sensor, comprise the steps:
(1) the external environment information of each building of timing acquiring, the external environment information of each building described comprises the temperature at the Stall place of every unit in community, humidity and intensity of illumination;
(2) according to described external environment information, and the sun altitude of corresponding position, moment community carries out heating control to community.
Wherein, in described step (2), the sun altitude of corresponding position, moment community is obtained by following formulae discovery:
Wherein, hs is sun altitude, and δ is the sun equator latitude of position, community,
for the latitude of position, community, ω is solar hour angle, is 0 ° with local high noon; Be negative in the morning, time per-15 °; Just be in the afternoon, time per+15 °.
As preferably, described step (2) is specific as follows:
(2-1) the room air integrated temperature of current time is calculated according to sun altitude and local history meteorological data;
Local history meteorological data is the history meteorological data interior for the previous period of current time, is at least the history meteorological data in current time the last fortnight in the present invention.
(2-2) for each unit, determine whether current weather has an impact to shade according to the room air integrated temperature of current time and the temperature at this unit Stall place:
If a () has impact, then central heating;
(b) otherwise, judge whether this unit of current time enters shade, and heating amount needed for the reality adopting simulated annealing to calculate each family according to judged result and external environment information corresponding to this unit of current time is to carry out heating control.
In the present invention, step (2-1) calculates the room air integrated temperature of this unit of current time as follows:
(2-11) the indoor temperature model of this unit is built according to local history meteorological data and the sun altitude in each history meteorological data corresponding moment;
Obtaining indoor temperature model in the present invention is:
Wherein, T
0for room air integrated temperature, ∠
sunfor sun altitude, ρ is the absorption coefficient of body of wall, α
wfor exterior surface of wall convection transfer rate, a, b are the fitting parameter that weather conditions reflection affects indoor temperature, are obtained by matching.
ρ and α
wdepending on the extraneous physical factors such as materials for wall, is known quantity.
(2-12) the indoor temperature model described in utilization builds the room air integrated temperature calculating this unit of current time according to the sun altitude of current time.
Described step (2-2), for each unit, if meet any one in following three influence conditions, then determines that current weather has an impact to shade, otherwise, determine that current weather has an impact to shade;
Influence condition is as follows:
Condition 1:H>H
r,
Condition 2: if H
s<H<H
r, and T<T
s,
Condition 3: if H<H
f, and I<I
f, T<T
0,
Wherein, H, T and I are respectively humidity corresponding to this unit of current time, temperature and light according to intensity; H
rfor rainy humidity threshold, H
sand T
sbe respectively snow humidity threshold and temperature threshold, H
f, I
fbe respectively haze humidity threshold and intensity of illumination threshold value, T
0for the room air integrated temperature of this unit of current time.
Judge in described step (b) whether this unit of current time enters shade by the following method:
If the temperature and light of this unit place interior unit meets following condition according to intensity:
(b1) except this unit, the deviation of the temperature that other units are corresponding and room air integrated temperature within 10%,
(b2) intensity of illumination of this unit is than intensity of illumination little of all the other units, and is greater than 30% with the intensity of illumination deviation of all the other unit,
Then judged result is that this unit of current time enters shade;
Otherwise, judge that judged result is that this unit of current time does not enter shade.
When judged result is that this unit of current time enters shade in described step (b), then warm amount needed for the actual confession adopting simulated annealing to calculate each family in this unit according to corresponding temperature, humidity and the intensity of illumination of this unit.
When judged result is that this unit of current time enters shade in described step (b), then warm amount needed for the actual confession adopting simulated annealing to calculate each family in this unit according to temperature corresponding to this unit, humidity, intensity of illumination and time of entering shade.
Simulated annealing derives from solid annealing theory, solid is heated to abundant height, it is allowed slowly to cool again, during intensification, solid interior particle following temperature rising becomes unordered shape, and interior energy increases, and particle is gradually orderly when slowly cooling, reach equilibrium state in each temperature, finally reach ground state when normal temperature, interior can be kept to minimum.Therefore this algorithm has born advantage when carrying out Optimum search to temperature.And when the random parameter of large amount of complex, simulated annealing can avoid the situation being absorbed in local extremum to occur effectively.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
Affected by the current residing illumination of each building of Real-time Collection, temperature, humidity and the covering by adjacent building shadow, estimate the current residing temperature environment of each Dong Mei one deck resident family accurately, aggregate data again, pass through simulated annealing, implement targetedly to each family, heat accurately.Ensureing on the basis that resident family's living environment is comfortable, at utmost economize energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the community heating control system based on distributed sensor of the present embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Based on a community heating control system for distributed sensor, comprise the sensor node of some external environment information for each building of timing acquiring, and server.
The environmental information that server collects according to sensor node, and the sun altitude of the position of corresponding moment community calculate each household in each community actual should the amount of heating to carry out heating control.
Each sensor node comprises temperature sensor, humidity sensor and optical sensor.Accordingly, environmental information comprises the temperature of each sensor node installed position, humidity and intensity of illumination.
For being reached for controlling in real time accurately of each family heating, the unit one_to_one corresponding in sensor node and building.In addition, because in existing community, unit is all equipped with doorway machine, for ease of realizing, in the present embodiment, each sensor node is integrated in doorway machine.
As shown in Figure 1, the community heating control system of the present embodiment comprises two building, be respectively building A and building B, every building have four unit, the doorway machine that each unit is corresponding is followed successively by doorway machine (), doorway machine (two), doorway machine (three) and doorway machine (four), each doorway machine and server via Ethernet/Wifi/3G/4G communicate to connect.
In this enforcement, doorway machine is based on chip microcontroller controlling functions, is also provided with Wifi/3G/4G communication module and carries out radio communication.
Every building correspondence is provided with the heating control device carrying out communicating to connect with server.
For saving cost, the Intranet of direct employing community communicates, control task is distributed unitedly to heating control device by the server in community, (whether be exactly heating control device by the building server often organized again, if central air-conditioning controls, then be supplied to heating control device, if each family temperature control voluntarily, then give each family by doorway machine by Data dissemination, each family completes temperature control voluntarily) distribute to unit doorway machine and unit heating control, and in existing community the controller of building A using the heating control device of building B as relaying and server communication.
Because sensor node is timing acquiring environmental information, namely explanation sends in the environmental information of server and in fact includes temporal information (i.e. free stamp).Therefore, first server determines the acquisition moment of the correspondence of this environmental information after receiving the environmental information that sensor node collects, and then calculate the sun altitude of the position of corresponding moment community, computing formula is as follows:
Wherein, hs is sun altitude, and δ is sun equator latitude,
for measuring point latitude, ω is solar hour angle, is 0 ° with local high noon; Be negative in the morning, time per-15 °; Just be in the afternoon, time per+15 °.
Sun altitude is different in Various Seasonal situation of change, and therefore, in the present embodiment, the time interval of sensor node timing acquiring environmental information can adjust according to season.This time interval is 1.5 ~ 1.5 hours under normal circumstances.
For ease of carrying out communications, during practical application, integrally server is sent to after the environmental information data wire packing that the sensor node of unit in same storied building space can be collected, the i.e. corresponding father node of each building () building, in these building building, the sensor node collection of unit is as child node, each child node directly communicates with corresponding father node, the environmental information collected is sent to father node, by father node as transfer, unification sends to server.Its child nodes and corresponding father node, to be communicated to connect by Ethernet/Wifi/3G/4G between father node and server.
Utilize the community heating control method based on distributed sensor, comprise the steps:
(1) the external environment information of each building of timing acquiring, the external environment information of each building described comprises the temperature at the Stall place of every unit in community, humidity and intensity of illumination;
(2) according to described environmental information, and the sun altitude of corresponding position, moment community carries out heating control to community.
In the present embodiment, in step (2), the sun altitude of corresponding position, moment community is obtained by following formulae discovery:
Wherein, hs is sun altitude, and δ is the sun equator latitude of position, community,
for the latitude of position, community, ω is solar hour angle, is 0 ° with local high noon; Be negative in the morning, time per-15 °; Just be in the afternoon, time per+15 °.
Described step (2) is specific as follows:
(2-1) the room air integrated temperature of current time is calculated according to sun altitude and local history meteorological data, specific as follows:
(2-11) the indoor temperature model of this unit is built according to local history meteorological data and the sun altitude in each history meteorological data corresponding moment;
Obtaining indoor temperature model in the present embodiment is:
Wherein, T
0for room air integrated temperature, ∠
sunfor sun altitude, ρ is the absorption coefficient of body of wall
wfor exterior surface of wall convection transfer rate, a, b are the fitting parameter that weather conditions reflection affects indoor temperature, are obtained by matching.
(2-12) this indoor temperature model is utilized to build the room air integrated temperature calculating this unit of current time according to the sun altitude of current time.
Local history meteorological data is the history meteorological data interior for the previous period of current time, is the history meteorological data in current time the last fortnight in the present embodiment.
(2-2) for each unit, determine whether current weather has an impact to shade according to the room air integrated temperature of current time and the temperature at this every unit Stall place:
If a () has impact, then central heating;
(b) otherwise, judge whether this unit of current time enters shade, and heating amount needed for the reality adopting simulated annealing to calculate each family according to judged result and external environment information corresponding to this unit of current time is to carry out heating control.
The metering method that heats needed for the reality calculating each family according to judged result is as follows:
When judged result is that this unit of current time enters shade, then warm amount needed for the actual confession adopting simulated annealing to calculate each family in this unit according to corresponding temperature, humidity and the intensity of illumination of this unit;
When judged result is that this unit of current time enters shade, then warm amount needed for the actual confession adopting simulated annealing to calculate each family in this unit according to temperature corresponding to this unit, humidity, intensity of illumination and time of entering shade.
In the present embodiment, step (2-2) is for each unit, if meet any one in following three influence conditions, then determines that current weather has an impact to shade, otherwise, determine that current weather has an impact to shade; Influence condition is as follows:
Condition 1:H>H
r,
Condition 2: if H
s<H<H
r, and T<T
s,
Condition 3: if H<H
f, and I<I
f, T<T
0,
Wherein, H, T and I are respectively humidity corresponding to this unit of current time, temperature and light according to intensity; H
rfor rainy humidity threshold, H
sand T
sbe respectively snow humidity threshold and temperature threshold, H
f, I
fbe respectively haze humidity threshold and intensity of illumination threshold value, T
0for the room air integrated temperature of this unit of current time.
Judge in step (b) in the present embodiment whether this unit of current time enters shade by the following method:
If the temperature and light of this unit place interior unit meets following condition according to intensity:
(b1) except this unit, the deviation of the temperature that other units are corresponding and room air integrated temperature within 10%,
(b2) intensity of illumination of this unit is than intensity of illumination little of all the other units, and is greater than 30% with the intensity of illumination deviation of all the other each unit,
Then judged result is that this unit of current time enters shade;
Otherwise, judge that judged result is that this unit of current time does not enter shade.
Above-described detailed description of the invention has been described in detail technical scheme of the present invention and beneficial effect; be understood that and the foregoing is only most preferred embodiment of the present invention; be not limited to the present invention; all make in spirit of the present invention any amendment, supplement and equivalent to replace, all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. based on a community heating control system for distributed sensor, it is characterized in that, comprise the sensor node of some external environment information for timing acquiring building, and server;
The external environment information that described server collects according to sensor node, and the sun altitude of corresponding position, moment community carries out heating control to community.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the community heating control system of distributed sensor, it is characterized in that, each sensor node comprises temperature sensor, humidity sensor and optical sensor, the unit one_to_one corresponding in sensor node and building.
3., based on a community heating control method for distributed sensor, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) the external environment information of each building of timing acquiring;
(2) according to described external environment information, and the sun altitude of corresponding position, moment community carries out heating control to community.
4., as claimed in claim 3 based on the community heating control method of distributed sensor, it is characterized in that, the external environment information of each building described comprises the temperature at the Stall place of every unit in community, humidity and intensity of illumination.
5. as claimed in claim 4 based on the community heating control method of distributed sensor, it is characterized in that, in described step (2), the sun altitude of corresponding position, moment community is obtained by following formulae discovery:
Wherein, hs is sun altitude, and δ is the sun equator latitude of position, community,
for the latitude of position, community, ω is solar hour angle, is 0 ° with local high noon; Be negative in the morning, time per-15 °; Just be in the afternoon, time per+15 °.
6., as claimed in claim 4 based on the community heating control method of distributed sensor, it is characterized in that, described step (2) is specific as follows:
(2-1) the room air integrated temperature of current time is calculated according to sun altitude and local history meteorological data;
(2-2) for each unit, determine whether current weather has an impact to shade according to the room air integrated temperature of current time and the temperature at this unit Stall place:
If a () has impact, then central heating;
(b) otherwise, judge whether this unit of current time enters shade, and heating amount needed for the reality adopting simulated annealing to calculate each family according to judged result and external environment information corresponding to this unit of current time is to carry out heating control.
7., as claimed in claim 6 based on the community heating control method of distributed sensor, it is characterized in that, described step (2-1) calculates the room air integrated temperature of this unit of current time as follows:
(2-11) the indoor temperature model of this unit is built according to local history meteorological data and the sun altitude in each history meteorological data corresponding moment;
(2-12) the indoor temperature model described in utilization builds the room air integrated temperature calculating this unit of current time according to the sun altitude of current time.
8., as claimed in claim 6 based on the community heating control method of distributed sensor, it is characterized in that, in described step (b), judge whether this unit of current time enters shade by the following method:
If the temperature and light of this unit place interior unit meets following condition according to intensity:
(b1) except this unit, the deviation of the temperature that other units are corresponding and room air integrated temperature within 10%,
(b2) intensity of illumination of this unit is than intensity of illumination little of all the other units, and is greater than 30% with the intensity of illumination deviation of all the other each unit,
Then judged result is that this unit of current time enters shade;
Otherwise, judge that judged result is that this unit of current time does not enter shade.
9. as claimed in claim 8 based on the community heating control method of distributed sensor, it is characterized in that, when judged result is that this unit of current time enters shade in described step (b), then warm amount needed for the actual confession adopting simulated annealing to calculate each family in this unit according to corresponding temperature, humidity and the intensity of illumination of this unit.
10. as claimed in claim 8 based on the community heating control method of distributed sensor, it is characterized in that, when judged result is that this unit of current time enters shade in described step (b), then warm amount needed for the actual confession adopting simulated annealing to calculate each family in this unit according to temperature corresponding to this unit, humidity, intensity of illumination and time of entering shade.
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| CN104930589B (en) | 2017-06-27 |
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