CN104930350A - Paranitrotoluene conveying device and device for preparing trinitrotoluene through nitrification of paranitrotoluene - Google Patents
Paranitrotoluene conveying device and device for preparing trinitrotoluene through nitrification of paranitrotoluene Download PDFInfo
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- CN104930350A CN104930350A CN201510234222.4A CN201510234222A CN104930350A CN 104930350 A CN104930350 A CN 104930350A CN 201510234222 A CN201510234222 A CN 201510234222A CN 104930350 A CN104930350 A CN 104930350A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a paranitrotoluene conveying device. The paranitrotoluene conveying device is characterized by comprising a paranitrotoluene product channel, a centrifugal pump, a paranitrotoluene cooler, a paranitrotoluene high-position channel and a paranitrotoluene feeding pipe. The paranitrotoluene product channel, the centrifugal pump, the paranitrotoluene cooler and the paranitrotoluene high-position channel are sequentially connected through a heat preservation pipeline; and a material outlet of the paranitrotoluene high-position channel is connected with the paranitrotoluene feeding pipe. According to the paranitrotoluene conveying device, the paranitrotoluene conveying process is smooth, continuous and stable; and according to a device for preparing trinitrotoluene through nitrification of paranitrotoluene, the production process of the trinitrotoluene is continuous and stable, and the product yield is high.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to TNT preparation field, particularly a kind of feedway, the nitrated device preparing TNT of para-nitrotoluene of para-nitrotoluene.
Background technique
TNT, has another name called TNT (trinitrotoluene), Chinese: TNT, English name: 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene; It is white or yellow needles, and odorless, has hygroscopicity.Mechanical sensitivity is lower, good security, and production and application is safer, can long storage periods and long-distance transport, but is heated, contacts naked light, or is subject to friction, vibrations, can blasts when clashing into.
At present, TNT mainly adopts three sections of continuous nitrification methods to obtain, first by toluene, or the mixture of toluene and ortho-methylnitrobenzene is as raw material, drop into nitrated one section, after carrying out nitration reaction with nitric-sulfuric acid, generate mononitrotoluene, then the product of nitrated a section is dropped into nitrated two sections, the nitric-sulfuric acid with nitrated two sections carries out nitration reaction and generates dinitrotoluene (DNT); The reaction product of nitrated two sections enters nitrated three sections again, generates trinitrotoluene, i.e. object product TNT with the nitric-sulfuric acid nitration reaction of nitrated three sections.
Generate in the one-stage nitration process of TNT above, due to the orientation effect of structure of molecule, make this section of product mononitrotoluene have three kinds of isomer, i.e. ortho position, a position, contraposition mononitrotoluene.In these three kinds of isomer, only have ortho position, contraposition mononitrotoluene can continue nitratedly finally to generate symmetrical TNT.Between position mononitrotoluene nitrated after can generate the impurity such as asymmetric TNT.
Three sections of traditional continuous nitrification methods are adopted to produce TNT, in course of reaction, side reaction is more, finally the impurity such as asymmetric TNT can be generated as mentioned position mononitrotoluene between nitrated one section of generation above, thus cause product yield lower, raw materials consumption quota is high, makes cost high and decline space is minimum.Meanwhile, in the process of continuous nitrification reaction, the side reaction of generation also easily generates polymer and affects normal production.As easily generated 2 in course of reaction, 2-dicarboxyl-3,3,5,5-tetranitro azoxy benzene polymer, this polymer is easily separated out and is sticked to the outer wall of nitrated machine cooling worm, reduces the heat-transfer effect of coiled pipe, thus makes nitrated machine reaction temperature wayward, finally cause the material of the just nitrated machine of needs parking turned letter after about continuous seepage two weeks, carry out cleaning to scrub, then put into production, have a strong impact on manufacturing efficiency.
Summary of the invention:
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of feedway of para-nitrotoluene, the nitrated device preparing TNT of para-nitrotoluene, adopt the feedway of para-nitrotoluene of the present invention, para-nitrotoluene course of conveying is smooth and easy, continous-stable; Adopt the nitrated device preparing TNT of para-nitrotoluene of the present invention, the production technology continous-stable of its TNT, product yield is high.
The present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A feedway for para-nitrotoluene, is characterized in that, comprises para-nitrotoluene pan tank, centrifugal pump, para-nitrotoluene cooler, para-nitrotoluene high position tank and para-nitrotoluene feed pipe; Described para-nitrotoluene pan tank, centrifugal pump, para-nitrotoluene cooler and para-nitrotoluene high position tank adopt hot insulated line to be connected successively, and described para-nitrotoluene high position tank material outlet connects para-nitrotoluene feed pipe.
Wherein, the feedway of described para-nitrotoluene comprises para-nitrotoluene pan tank, magnetic drive pump, tubular heat exchanger, built-in coil pipe type high position tank and para-nitrotoluene feed pipe; Described para-nitrotoluene pan tank, magnetic drive pump, tubular heat exchanger and built-in coil pipe type high position tank adopt hot insulated line to be connected successively, and described built-in coil pipe type high position tank material outlet connects para-nitrotoluene feed pipe.
Wherein, described hot insulated line is steam jacket hot insulated line.
Wherein, described para-nitrotoluene feed pipe is steam jacket thermal insulation pipe.
Wherein, described tubular heat exchanger material outlet temperature is more than 80 DEG C, and described built-in coil pipe type high position tank material outlet temperature is more than 80 DEG C.
Wherein, described para-nitrotoluene feed pipe outlet temperature is 60-75 DEG C.
Wherein, described hot insulated line is para-nitrotoluene transfer line outer cladding steam jacket thermal insulation layer, steam jacket thermal insulation layer outer cladding heat-preservation cotton.
The nitrated device preparing TNT of para-nitrotoluene, comprises the feedway of para-nitrotoluene, and para-nitrotoluene and nitric-sulfuric acid carry out the device of two stage nitration reaction, and described two stage nitration reaction device comprises two stage nitration machine; Also comprise the three-stage nitration reaction device that two stage nitration reaction product and dense nitric-sulfuric acid react, it is characterized in that: the feedway of described para-nitrotoluene is the feedway of para-nitrotoluene described above, described built-in coil pipe type high position tank material outlet connects two stage nitration machine material inlet.
Beneficial effect
Adopt para-nitrotoluene feedway of the present invention, the whole process para-nitrotoluene of conveying is in the temperature higher than solidifying point always, and the solidifying point efficiently solving para-nitrotoluene is 51.65 DEG C, is solid-state under normal temperature, carries the problem had difficulties.Ensure that smooth and easy, the continous-stable of para-nitrotoluene conveying, also guarantee that the nitrated device preparing TNT of para-nitrotoluene can run continuously, improve manufacturing efficiency.
Para-nitrotoluene of the present invention is adopted to prepare the device of TNT, by the heating of cooler or cooling, para-nitrotoluene guarantees that its temperature is more than 80 DEG C in course of conveying, in para-nitrotoluene high position tank, coiled pipe is set simultaneously, the temperature of same guarantee para-nitrotoluene is more than 80 DEG C, the form of the built-in coiled pipe of high position tank is adopted to carry out temperature control, and from high position tank to the steam insulation of the feed pipe of two stage nitration machine, ensure that the temperature of para-nitrotoluene when being transported to two stage nitration machine is 60 ~ 75 DEG C, thus ensure that the material added in two stage nitration machine is in liquid state, there is good mobility.Make it can react more fully with the nitric-sulfuric acid transported from three-stage nitration reaction device, make reactive rate faster, conversion ratio is higher.Need not carry out further conversion to the coiled pipe heat exchange of original two stage nitration machine can make the two stage nitration reaction yield of para-nitrotoluene and nitric-sulfuric acid higher simultaneously.
Para-nitrotoluene feedway of the present invention, and para-nitrotoluene makes para-nitrotoluene flow under the influence of gravity into two stage nitration machine to nitro high position tank in the device of TNT to carry out two stage nitration reaction, decrease power consumption cost nitrated preparation.
Para-nitrotoluene feedway of the present invention, and the nitrated device preparing TNT of para-nitrotoluene, adopt in para-nitrotoluene cooler, high position tank and coiled pipe is set, and the pipeline connected between conveying equipment adopts outer companion's steam insulation pipeline, multiplely ensure that para-nitrotoluene is being conveyed into the temperature in two stage nitration machine process, and the feedway of para-nitrotoluene is safe and reliable.
Adopt para-nitrotoluene of the present invention to prepare the device of TNT, in para-nitrotoluene nitration reaction process, side reaction is few, and generate impurity few, quality of product and yield are improved, and TNT manufacturing expense reduces.
Because the market demand of para-nitrotoluene product is in recent years successively decreased year by year, the market price goes way down, para-nitrotoluene stock are more, para-nitrotoluene of the present invention prepares the device of TNT, para-nitrotoluene is continued the nitrated TNT product larger for the market demand, efficiently solve the serious superfluous problem of para-nitrotoluene product, ensure that mononitrotoluene production line continuous seepage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of para-nitrotoluene feedway of the present invention schematic diagram;
Wherein: 1, para-nitrotoluene pan tank; 2, centrifugal pump; 3, para-nitrotoluene cooler; 4, para-nitrotoluene high position tank; 5, two stage nitration machine.
Embodiment
The present invention is described below by specific embodiment.Unless stated otherwise, technological means used in the present invention is known in those skilled in the art.In addition, embodiment is interpreted as illustrative, but not limits the scope of the invention, and the spirit and scope of the invention only limited by claims.To those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not deviating from essence of the present invention and scope, the various change carry out the present invention or change also belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The para-nitrotoluene feedway of the present invention's protection, as shown in Figure 1, para-nitrotoluene pan tank 1, centrifugal pump 2, para-nitrotoluene cooler 3, para-nitrotoluene high position tank 4, two stage nitration machine 5 adopt hot insulated line to connect successively.Namely the material outlet of para-nitrotoluene pan tank 1 connects the material inlet of centrifugal pump 2 by hot insulated line, the material outlet of centrifugal pump 2 connects the material inlet of para-nitrotoluene cooler 3 by hot insulated line, the material outlet of para-nitrotoluene cooler 3 connects the material inlet of para-nitrotoluene high position tank 4 by hot insulated line, the material outlet of para-nitrotoluene high position tank 4 connects the material inlet of two stage nitration machine 5 by hot insulated line.
As a kind of embodiment, described hot insulated line is para-nitrotoluene transfer line outer cladding steam jacket thermal insulation layer, steam jacket thermal insulation layer outer cladding heat-preservation cotton.The temperature of the para-nitrotoluene in para-nitrotoluene pan tank 1 is 90-105 DEG C, para-nitrotoluene cooler distance about 900 meters is delivered to from para-nitrotoluene pan tank 1, delivery pipe line length, solidify in course of conveying (especially winter) for preventing para-nitrotoluene, go into operation before carrying, transfer line closes insulation after first adopting steam preheating again, and the temperature guaranteeing to be delivered to para-nitrotoluene cooler 3 is like this more than 80 DEG C.
As a kind of embodiment, described centrifugal pump 2 is magnetic drive pump.Para-nitrotoluene is organic substance, adopts magnetic drive pump can ensure that course of conveying is not easily revealed.
As a kind of embodiment, described para-nitrotoluene cooler 3 is tubular heat exchanger, and tube side walked by the material of tubular heat exchanger, and water or steam walk shell side.When carrying the temperature of para-nitrotoluene higher, passing into water quench in tubular heat exchanger shell side and making its temperature be greater than more than 80 DEG C; When carrying the temperature of para-nitrotoluene lower than 80 DEG C, the shell side of tubular heat exchanger passes into steam heating makes its temperature be greater than more than 80 DEG C.When initial delivery para-nitrotoluene, or when para-nitrotoluene stops conveying, in order to prevent, device temperature is lower to be made para-nitrotoluene solidify and blocks feedway, also needs to pass into steam at tubular heat exchanger shell side and heats it.
As a kind of embodiment, described para-nitrotoluene high position tank 4 is built-in coil pipe type high position tank.In para-nitrotoluene high position tank 4, arrange coiled pipe, logical steam or water in coiled pipe, for heating or cool the temperature of the para-nitrotoluene in high position tank.When para-nitrotoluene temperature is lower than 80 DEG C, logical steam heating in coiled pipe; Otherwise, when para-nitrotoluene temperature is higher, logical water quench in coiled pipe.The built-in two groups of coiled pipes of preferred para-nitrotoluene high position tank 4. when initial delivery para-nitrotoluene, or during para-nitrotoluene stopping conveying, in order to prevent, device temperature is lower to be made para-nitrotoluene solidify and blocks feedway, also needs to pass into steam at para-nitrotoluene high position tank shell side and heats it.
The material outlet temperature adopting para-nitrotoluene cooler 3 is more than 80 DEG C, the material outlet temperature of para-nitrotoluene high position tank 4 is more than 80 DEG C, and it farthest can reduce the use amount of 4 cooling waters in para-nitrotoluene cooler 3, para-nitrotoluene high position tank.Also reduce para-nitrotoluene feed pipe steam jacket insulation institute simultaneously and consume the amount of steam, while guarantee enters two stage nitration machine 5 again temperature be 60-75 DEG C.
As a kind of embodiment, described para-nitrotoluene feed pipe is thermal insulation pipe.Preferred described para-nitrotoluene feed pipe is the thermal insulation pipe of steam jacket insulation.
As a kind of embodiment, described para-nitrotoluene feed pipe outlet temperature is 60-75 DEG C.The temperature that described para-nitrotoluene enters two stage nitration machine is 60-75 DEG C, and it not only ensure that para-nitrotoluene has good mobility in nitrated machine, prevents localized agglomeration, is conducive to mixing fully.Also make para-nitrotoluene feeding temperature consistent with two stage nitration machine controlling of production process temperature 65-80 DEG C, process for stabilizing temperature controls, and meets technique needs simultaneously.The para-nitrotoluene entering two stage nitration machine 5 can be reacted more fully with the nitric-sulfuric acid transported from three-stage nitration reaction device, and make reactive rate faster, conversion ratio is higher.
Para-nitrotoluene from the temperature 90 ~ 105 DEG C of mononitrotoluene production line is first stored in para-nitrotoluene pan tank 1, then pressurize para-nitrotoluene to be conveyed in para-nitrotoluene cooler 3 by magnetic drive pump 2 and carry out cooling or heating, cooling or the temperature after heating are more than 80 DEG C, cooled para-nitrotoluene is conveyed into para-nitrotoluene high position tank 4 by steam tracing pipeline, heating or cooling by arranging two groups of coiled pipes in it in para-nitrotoluene high position tank 4 make its temperature still maintain more than 80 DEG C, namely when the para-nitrotoluene temperature stored in para-nitrotoluene high position tank 4 is too high, water quench temperature is passed in coiled pipe.When the para-nitrotoluene temperature in para-nitrotoluene high position tank 4 is too low, passing into steam in coiled pipe to keep para-nitrotoluene temperature is more than 80 DEG C.The para-nitrotoluene flowed out from para-nitrotoluene high position tank 4 sends into two stage nitration machine 5 through feed pipe.Para-nitrotoluene feed pipe adopts steam insulation, adds that the coiled pipe in para-nitrotoluene high position tank 4 is arranged, ensure that the para-nitrotoluene temperature passing into two stage nitration machine 5 is 60 ~ 75 DEG C, thus the material added in two stage nitration machine can fully be reacted.Adopt para-nitrotoluene feedway of the present invention, prepare on the basis of TNT at original three-stage nitration, only need introduce this para-nitrotoluene feedway, need not transform the coiled pipe heat exchange of original two stage nitration machine 5, not only reactive rate is fast can to make the nitration reaction in two stage nitration machine, conversion ratio is high, and course of reaction is easy to control, and finally makes the productive rate of the TNT product of generation high.
Claims (8)
1. a feedway for para-nitrotoluene, is characterized in that, comprises para-nitrotoluene pan tank, centrifugal pump, para-nitrotoluene cooler, para-nitrotoluene high position tank and para-nitrotoluene feed pipe; Described para-nitrotoluene pan tank, centrifugal pump, para-nitrotoluene cooler and para-nitrotoluene high position tank adopt hot insulated line to be connected successively, and described para-nitrotoluene high position tank material outlet connects para-nitrotoluene feed pipe.
2. the feedway of para-nitrotoluene according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the feedway of described para-nitrotoluene comprises para-nitrotoluene pan tank, magnetic drive pump, tubular heat exchanger, built-in coil pipe type high position tank and para-nitrotoluene feed pipe; Described para-nitrotoluene pan tank, magnetic drive pump, tubular heat exchanger and built-in coil pipe type high position tank adopt hot insulated line to be connected successively, and described built-in coil pipe type high position tank material outlet connects para-nitrotoluene feed pipe.
3. the feedway of para-nitrotoluene according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described hot insulated line is steam jacket hot insulated line.
4. the feedway of para-nitrotoluene according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described para-nitrotoluene feed pipe is steam jacket thermal insulation pipe.
5. the feedway of para-nitrotoluene according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described tubular heat exchanger material outlet temperature is more than 80 DEG C, and described built-in coil pipe type high position tank material outlet temperature is more than 80 DEG C.
6. the feedway of para-nitrotoluene according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described para-nitrotoluene feed pipe outlet temperature is 60-75 DEG C.
7. the feedway of para-nitrotoluene as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, is characterized in that, described hot insulated line is para-nitrotoluene transfer line outer cladding steam jacket thermal insulation layer, steam jacket thermal insulation layer outer cladding heat-preservation cotton.
8. the nitrated device preparing TNT of para-nitrotoluene, comprises the feedway of para-nitrotoluene, and para-nitrotoluene and nitric-sulfuric acid carry out the device of two stage nitration reaction, and described two stage nitration reaction device comprises two stage nitration machine; Also comprise the three-stage nitration reaction device that two stage nitration reaction product and dense nitric-sulfuric acid react, it is characterized in that: the feedway that the feedway of described para-nitrotoluene is the para-nitrotoluene in claim 1 to 6 described in any one, described built-in coil pipe type high position tank material outlet connects two stage nitration machine material inlet.
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| CN108707077A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-10-26 | 中北大学 | The method for preparing TNT as raw material one-step method using nitrotoleune |
| CN110170185A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-27 | 湖北东方化工有限公司 | A kind of device and method of Waste Sulfuric Acid nitro compound separation |
| CN111075752A (en) * | 2019-11-23 | 2020-04-28 | 浙江九腾包装材料有限公司 | Fluid anti-leakage conveying device |
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