A kind of Stirling engine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electromotor, especially a kind of Stirling engine.
Background technology
It is known that Stirling engine is a kind of external-burning engine, it is to avoid the quick-fried acting of shake of similar internal combustion engine and interval
Combustion process, has efficient, low noise and the advantage of low emission, and the cyclic process that its ultimate principle relates to divides following four rank
Section: 1. constant temperature compression process;2. constant volume endothermic process;8. constant temperature expansion process;4. constant volume exothermic process, completes one
Circulation.Under conditions of ideal is absorbed heat, the thermal efficiency of this circulation, the Carnot cycle identical equal to temperature bound.Class
As be referred to the Chinese invention patent " Low Temperature Difference Stirling engine model " of Patent No. ZL201220515490.X
(notification number is CN202795860U), similar can also be with reference to CN203552584U.
But the direction of motion that the flywheel of above-mentioned these Stirling engines is all perpendicular to power piston is arranged, this set
Overall Stirling engine height can be caused the highest, limit the occasion of Stirling engine whole height, hot cylinder at some
Top parameter designing suffers from limiting.Arranging it addition, flywheel is typically necessary independent rack support, this set causes
Overall complex, weight is big, relatively costly, and the general all eccentric settings of support, thus causes Stirling engine pair
Title property is poor, therefore there is the shortcoming that overall aesthetics is not enough.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is the problem existed for above-mentioned prior art, it is provided that a kind of reduction height,
Improve and run symmetry and the Stirling engine of stability.
The present invention solves first technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem used: a kind of Stirling engine, including mutually
The first cylinder being connected and the second cylinder, first piston for linear motion in being arranged on described first cylinder, be arranged on
Second piston for linear motion in described second cylinder and flywheel, it is characterised in that: at the end of described second piston
End is provided with Magnet, is provided with the drive block coordinated with described magnet gap formula magnetic on described first piston;Described flywheel leads to
Crossing rotating shaft and be horizontally arranged at the top of described second cylinder, described rotating shaft is rotated by described second piston driving;Described second
Forming gathering sill on the periphery of piston or inwall obliquely, connecting under described rotating shaft has drive rod, the end of described drive rod
Portion is located in described gathering sill and can move along described gathering sill.
The present invention solves second technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem used: a kind of Stirling engine, including mutually
The first cylinder being connected and the second cylinder, first piston for linear motion in being arranged on described first cylinder, be arranged on
Second piston for linear motion in described second cylinder and flywheel, it is characterised in that: at the end of described second piston
End is provided with Magnet, is provided with the drive block coordinated with described magnet gap formula magnetic on described first piston;Described flywheel leads to
Crossing rotating shaft and be horizontally arranged at the top of described second cylinder, described rotating shaft is rotated by described second piston driving;Described rotating shaft
End connects spill spin block, described spill spin block and described rotating shaft synchronous axial system;It is arranged at intervals with first on described second piston
Magnet unit and the second magnet unit, described spill spin block is arranged at intervals with the 3rd magnet unit and the 4th magnet unit, institute
State the first magnet unit and the second magnet unit magnetic pole is contrary, described 3rd magnet unit and the 4th magnet unit magnetic pole phase
Instead.
For avoiding the second piston upwards too high, and magnet unit being inhaled together, Stirling engine also includes limit
The position-limit mechanism of the fixed described second piston movement position upper limit.
Position-limit mechanism is preferred, and described position-limit mechanism is included on described spill spin block the first push rod arranged, and described the
The second push rod that can abut with described first push rod arranged on two pistons, the position of described second push rod and described first
The position of push rod is corresponding, and the first push rod highlights relative to the other parts of spill spin block, and the second push rod is relative to the second piston
Other parts highlight.
Position-limit mechanism is preferred, described position-limit mechanism be included in the first spacing Magnet that described spill spin block lower surface arranges and
At the second spacing Magnet that described second piston upper surface is arranged, described first spacing Magnet and the second spacing Magnet are arranged mutually
Scold.
Position-limit mechanism is preferred, and described position-limit mechanism is included in the limit spring that described second piston upper surface is arranged.
The present invention solves the 3rd technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem used: a kind of Stirling engine, including mutually
The first cylinder being connected and the second cylinder, first piston for linear motion in being arranged on described first cylinder, be arranged on
Second piston for linear motion in described second cylinder and flywheel, it is characterised in that: at the end of described second piston
End is provided with Magnet, is provided with the drive block coordinated with described magnet gap formula magnetic on described first piston;Described flywheel leads to
Crossing rotating shaft and be horizontally arranged at the top of described second cylinder, described rotating shaft is rotated by described second piston driving;Described rotating shaft
End connects spill spin block, described spill spin block and described rotating shaft synchronous axial system;The upper surface of described second piston is curved surface,
The lower surface of described spill spin block is also curved surface, and two curved surfaces are the sinusoidal smooth songs of circumference of the most tangent intermeshing contact
Face.
Preferably, it is made up of magnetic material for one in described spill spin block and the second piston, described spill spin block and the second piston
In another be made up of the material being attracted by magnetic material.
For avoiding the second piston rotation, it is preferred that the inwall of described second cylinder longitudinally forms a bar-shaped trough, described the
Two pistons have the guiding rib adaptive with described bar-shaped trough guiding.
For avoiding the second piston rotation, it is preferred that described Magnet is rectangular magnet, described second cylinder bottom is provided with for institute
Stating the mounting ring that Magnet passes, described mounting ring is provided with the length rectangular through-hole more than described Magnet.
For avoiding the second piston rotation, it is preferred that described second cylinder bottom is provided with the mounting ring passed for described Magnet,
Described second piston, the second cylinder are the non-cylinder that shape is consistent with mounting ring.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that: by flywheel for being horizontally disposed with, greatly reduce whole height,
Being easy to the reasonable Arrangement of miscellaneous part, flywheel eliminates special support and arranges, the problem solving bias, overall appearance
Property has promoted.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment 1 of the Stirling engine of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of Stirling engine in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of Stirling engine in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the second cylinder and the decomposition texture schematic diagram of the second piston of Stirling engine in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 be the embodiment 2 of the Stirling engine of the present invention the second cylinder and the second piston decomposition texture signal
Figure;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the embodiment 3 of the Stirling engine of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of the Stirling engine of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the sectional view of the Stirling engine of Fig. 6;
Fig. 9 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of the replacement scheme of Fig. 7;
Figure 10 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of the replacement scheme of Fig. 7;
Figure 11 is the sectional view of the replacement scheme of Fig. 8;
Figure 12 is the sectional view of the replacement scheme of Fig. 8;
Figure 13 is the structural representation of the embodiment 4 of the Stirling engine of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of the embodiment 4 of the Stirling engine of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figures 1-4, Stirling engine 10 includes that first cylinder the 1, second cylinder 2, first piston 15 (move gas
Piston) and the second piston 25 (power piston), the first cylinder 1 has radiating surface 13 and heat-absorbent surface 14.Stirling engine
10 is Low Temperature Difference Stirling engine, and heat-absorbent surface 14 absorbs energy and makes the first cylinder 1 volumetric expansion promote first piston
15。
The bottom of the second piston 25 of Stirling engine 10 is provided with a Magnet 255, and outside the second piston 25
A gathering sill 256 is formed obliquely on week.Or, alternatively, it is also possible in being shaped in the middle part of the second piston 25
Sky, is directed to groove 256 and takes shape in inwall.But it is preferred be located at gathering sill 256 to take shape in periphery.
First piston 15 is provided with a drive block 151 coordinated with Magnet 255 clearance-type magnetic, and drive block 151 is permissible
Use Magnet that ferromagnetic material can also be used to make.Second cylinder 2 top is provided with the flywheel 3 of level by rotating shaft 23,
The rotation direction of this flywheel 3 is vertical with the direction of motion of the second piston 25, and rotating shaft 23 is connected downwards by a collar 231
There is a drive rod 232, in gathering sill 256 is located in the end of this drive rod 232 and can move along gathering sill 256, this
The end of the drive rod 232 in embodiment forms a bulb 233, it is simple to sliding.When the second piston about 25 straight line is past
When moving again, bulb 233 moves along gathering sill 256, so that drive rod 232 rotates, and can drive rotating shaft 23
Rotate, thus flywheel driven 3 is at horizontal rotation in surface.Otherwise, when flywheel 3 rotates, drive the second piston the most equally
Move along a straight line up and down.
Second cylinder 2 top is provided with a capping 24, and rotating shaft 23 can run through rotationally to be located in this capping 24, covers 24
It is connected fixing with the second cylinder 2.The inside bottom of the second cylinder 2 is provided with a mounting ring 26, becomes in the middle part of this mounting ring 26
Type has the through hole 261 stretched into for Magnet 255.
For avoiding the second piston 25 to rotate, the longitudinal bar-shaped trough 271 that forms of the inwall of the second cylinder 2, accordingly,
Second piston 25 has one and guides adaptive guiding rib 257 with bar-shaped trough 271, and guiding rib 257 is adaptive with bar-shaped trough 271,
The second piston 25 can be limited rotate, it is ensured that the second piston 25 can move up and down.
During startup, dialling with hands or other modes make flywheel 3 have certain initial velocity, flywheel 3 operates,
The second piston 25 is driven to pump by the bulb 233 being matched with on drive rod 232 in gathering sill 256,
Second piston 25 does work, during second piston the 25 to the first cylinder 1 upper end, and now Magnet 255 and drive block 151 distance
Farthest, being affected by gravity, first piston 15 can drop on heat-absorbent surface 14.Only when the second piston 25 moves down,
Magnet 255 now diminishes with drive block 151 distance, and drive block 151 could be attracted to come up, along with first by Magnet 255
Moving up and down of piston 15, just makes first piston 15 move up and down by the effect of Magnet 255, thus reaches to move gas
Purpose.
After starting, the power source of the up and down motion of the second piston 25 is that the dilation by gas realizes, and flies
Wheel 3 plays energy storage effect during whole.After starting, the power source of the up and down motion of the second piston 25 is to pass through
The dilation of gas realizes, and flywheel 3 plays the effect of energy storage, and heat-absorbent surface 14 outwardly absorbs heat, and makes the first gas
Cylinder 1 and the second cylinder 2 form hot cylinder and cold cylinder respectively, make being mutually shifted of two pistons, and working media is first
Flow back and forth between cylinder 1 and the mat woven of fine bamboo strips two cylinder 2, complete four cyclic processes:
1. constant volume endothermic process, it is motionless that first piston 15 and the second piston 25 are in bottom dead center position, the first cylinder
In the case of lower part air realizes constant volume, temperature raises, and the first cylinder 1 low pressure raises.
2. constant temperature expansion process, it is motionless that the second piston 25 is in bottom dead center position, and first piston 15 is by lower dead center
Up, the air of the first cylinder 1 lower part heating by the first cylinder 1 therebetween, absorb heat, remain temperature-resistant.
3. constant volume exothermic process, first piston 15 and the most up whole stroke of the second piston 25, each reach
To top dead centre, in the case of constant volume, shift air onto second cylinder 2 lower part from the first cylinder 1 upper part, i.e. from steam
Room shifts cold air chamber onto, outwardly releases heat, makes air themperature decline, and the second cylinder 2 upper part air pressure raises.
4. constant temperature compression process, the second piston 25 is descending by top dead centre, compresses the air in the second cylinder 2, maintains
Temperature of Working is constant, makes the second cylinder 2 lower part air pressure raise, thus promotes first piston 15 descending.So
It is returned to original state and completes a closed circulation.
Embodiment 2
As it is shown in figure 5, in the present embodiment, in the present embodiment, the difference with embodiment 1 is, in the present embodiment
The mode avoiding the second piston 25 to rotate is that the cross section of the second cylinder 2 is square, accordingly, and cutting of the second piston 25
Face is also square.Squared design can limit the second piston 25 and rotate, it is ensured that the second piston 25 can move up and down.
Embodiment 3
Such as Fig. 6~Fig. 8, in the present embodiment, it is with the difference of above-described embodiment 1, in the second cylinder 2,
Being positioned at above the second piston 25, be provided with spill spin block 29 below capping 24, rotating shaft 23 runs through end and rotation after capping 24
Block 29 connects and synchronous axial system.On second piston 25, as above end surfaces is provided with the first magnet unit 251 and
Two magnet units 252, on spill spin block 29, following end surfaces is provided with the 3rd magnet unit 291 and the 4th magnet unit
292, each magnet unit can including, multiple magnetic pole is towards identical Magnet, the first magnet unit 251 and the second magnetic
Ferrum unit 252 magnetic pole is contrary, and the 3rd magnet unit 291 and the 4th magnet unit 292 magnetic pole are contrary.
After to 3 one initial power of flywheel, the first magnet unit 251 is upwards transported together with the second magnet unit 252
Dynamic.First magnet unit 251 and the 3rd magnet unit 291 homopolar magnet interact, generation repulsion, and the first Magnet
Unit 251 continues up (now gas pressure be more than repulsion), the 3rd magnet unit 291 had by repulsion away from
The trend of the first magnet unit 251, but owing to reasons in structure can not move upward, the motion on circumferencial direction can only be done,
Thus motion that block 29 do circumferencial direction on, i.e. rotary motion are rotated.Second magnet unit 252 and the 4th Magnet
Unit 292 is also in like manner, makes spill spin block 29 rotating Vortex, thus rotating shaft 23 can be driven to rotate, thus be further driven to
Flywheel 23 rotates in horizontal plane.When spill spin block 29 continues to rotate, and the second piston 25 is also due to repulsion is reaching the highest
(now repulsion is more than gas pressure) is moved downward after Dian.When the second piston 25 continues to move downward, and repulsion is more and more less,
Contrary, the first magnet unit 251 and the 4th magnet unit the 292, second magnet unit 252 and the 3rd magnet unit 291
Captivation display so that what the second piston 25 was subject to makes a concerted effort the most upwards, and this power has the trend of increase,
During this, the captivation of these two pair magnet unit also makes spill spin block 29 continue in the same direction to rotate, i.e. flywheel 3
Continue to rotate in horizontal plane.Then the second piston 25 starts to move upward after arriving minimum point.Move and so forth.
For avoiding the second piston 25 to rotate, it is also possible to there are some other modes substituted, as it is shown in figure 9, the second piston
25 is generally circular in shape, and Magnet 255 mounted thereto is rectangular magnet.Have in mounting ring 26 bottom second cylinder 2
One identical with Magnet 255 width but rectangular through-hole 261 that length is the biggest, and Magnet 255 makees straight line on this through hole 261
Motion, and, this through hole 261 limits the rotary motion of the second piston 25.
Or, as shown in Figure 10, the mounting ring 26 bottom second piston the 25, second cylinder the 2, second cylinder 2 is shape
The non-cylinder that shape is consistent, the second piston 25 and the second cylinder 2 matched in clearance, mounting ring 26 and the second cylinder 2 interference
Coordinate, the second piston 25 can in the second cylinder 2 flexible motion.Is made by above three parts non-round shape
Two pistons 25 can not rotate.
Referring again to Fig. 6~Fig. 8, the second piston 25 can not move to the highest position, to prevent each magnet unit from inhaling
Together, motion stops with regard to this, it is therefore desirable to arrange the position-limit mechanism of the extreme higher position limiting the second piston 25 linear motion.
Preferred in the present embodiment, position-limit mechanism is included in the first centrally disposed push rod 293 of spill spin block 29, and second lives
The second centrally disposed push rod 254 of plug 25, the position of the second push rod 254 is corresponding with the position of the first push rod 293.The
One push rod 293 highlights relative to the other parts of spill spin block 29, and the second push rod 254 is relative to its on the second piston 25
Its part is prominent, when the second piston 25 moves upward to certain altitude, and the second push rod 254 and the first push rod 293 phase
Touch.Then the first push rod 293 is it is prevented that the second piston 25 continues up.
Additionally, also have some alternatively to prevent the second piston 25 to be linearly moved to the structure of high position, such as Figure 11
Shown in, use and the first spacing Magnet 294 is set in spill spin block 29 lower surface, arrange second in the second piston 25 upper surface
Spacing Magnet 258 substitutes the first push rod 293 and the second push rod 254 respectively, and the first spacing Magnet 294 and second is spacing
Magnet 258 homopolarity is relative, the most mutually exclusive.When the second piston 25 moves upward, the first spacing Magnet 294 and
Repulsion between two spacing Magnet 258 is the most obvious, and is significantly larger than the interaction force between other magnet units.Institute
Can not continue up with the second piston 25, and this structure makes the second piston 25 directly not contact with other parts,
Decrease energy loss.
As shown in figure 12, employing arranges limit spring 259 in the second piston 25 upper surface and substitutes the first push rod 293
With the second push rod 254, when the second piston 25 moves to certain altitude, limit spring 259 is squeezed, and crosses certain distance
Rear elastic force is big to a certain extent, and the second piston 25 starts to move downward.
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, difference from Example 3 is, between the second piston 25 and spill spin block 29
Driving relationship is, the upper surface of the second piston 25 is curved surface, and the lower surface of spill spin block 29 is also curved surface, and two curved surfaces are
Can be with intermeshing circumference sine smooth surface.
When the second piston 25 moves upward, the upper surface curved surface peak of the second piston 25 and the lower end of spill spin block 29
Face peak contacts and interacts (thrust), because the second piston 25 can not rotate, so spill spin block 29 rotates, thus
Flywheel driven 3 rotates.Reaching before two curved surfaces fit like a glove, be all that the second piston 25 pushes spill spin block 29 and rotates,
And energy is stored to flywheel 3.When the curved surface minimum point of the second piston 25 and the curved surface minimum point of spill spin block 29 coincide it
After, spill spin block 29 promotes the second piston 25 to move downward.Now spill spin block 29 provides by the energy of the storage of flywheel 3
Rotate and promote the energy of the second piston 25.
Spill spin block 29 is made up of magnetic material, and the second piston 25 is made up of the material being attracted by magnetic material, rotates
Block 29 attracts the second piston 25 all the time so that two curved surfaces are tangent contact all the time;Or spill spin block 29 is by can be by magnetic
Property material attract material make, spill spin block 29 is made up of magnetic material, and the second piston 25 attracts spill spin block all the time
29 so that two curved surfaces are tangent contact the most all the time.