CN104929169B - Control device for improving shovel loading capacity of loading machine and control method for control device - Google Patents

Control device for improving shovel loading capacity of loading machine and control method for control device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104929169B
CN104929169B CN201510261532.5A CN201510261532A CN104929169B CN 104929169 B CN104929169 B CN 104929169B CN 201510261532 A CN201510261532 A CN 201510261532A CN 104929169 B CN104929169 B CN 104929169B
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oil
valve
solenoid valve
bucket
cylinder group
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CN104929169A (en
Inventor
吕晓凤
赵守明
张永胜
韩标
郭文明
杨胜
徐尚勇
杜晓琳
汤志林
吴庆伟
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Xugong Chongqing Engineering Machinery Co Ltd
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Technology Branch of XCMG Engineering Machinery Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a control device for improving shovel loading capacity of a loading machine and a control method for the control device. The device comprises a connecting plate (2) which is hinge-connected with a bucket (1) by a bucket oil cylinder set (3), an oil inlet solenoid valve set (9) which is connected with a main pump (10), an equal-difference reducing valve set (8) which is connected with the oil inlet solenoid valve set (9), an oil return solenoid valve set (7) and a shuttle valve set (6), wherein the oil inlet solenoid valve set (9) is connected with a shovel loading control switch in a cab; one end of the oil return solenoid valve set (7) is connected with an outlet of the equal-difference reducing valve set (8); the other end of the oil return solenoid valve set (7) is connected with a rod cavity of the bucket oil cylinder set (3), and is connected with an oil tank by a back pressure valve (11); and the input end of the shuttle valve set (6) is connected with a rodless cavity of the bucket oil cylinder set (3), and the output end of the shuttle valve set (6) is connected with the spring side of the equal-difference reducing valve set (8) respectively. The bucket is pushed by virtue of oil cylinders to realize material insertion operation, so that the problem that a tyre is liable to severely abrade due to the fact that a current design mainly depends on travelling of the loading machine to insert materials is solved.

Description

It is a kind of to improve the control device and its control method for loading mechanical shovel dress ability
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control device and the control method of the device of a kind of engineering machinery, it is particularly suited for improving loading The shovel dress ability of machine.
Background technology
At present, loading machine is a kind of cubic metre of earth and stone for being widely used in the engineerings such as highway, railway, mine, building, water power, harbour Engineering construction machinery.Its manipulating object be mainly various soil, sand material, ash material and other build the road with bulk material etc..It is main The operation such as complete to shovel, fill, transport, unloading.
Existing design cause loading machine to material carry out shovel dress when, rely primarily on loading machine walking insertion material, i.e., according to Roller tire contacts the adhesive force for producing with ground and material is inserted.This mode is very big by ground friction index impacts, especially , in the case where ground is wet and slippery, the material larger to Cat-in resisting force walk when inserting, it will usually which insertion material depth occurs for it Degree is small, even the phenomenon of tyre slip, and not only influence shovel dress efficiency, and skidding causes that tire produces serious abrasion.Cause This, the shovel dress ability of loading machine has much room for improvement.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned existing technical problem, the present invention provide it is a kind of improve the control device that loads mechanical shovel dress ability and its Control method, by oil cylinder pushing scraper bowl, realizes the operation of material insertion, and mechanical shovel dress ability is loaded with height.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of raising and loads the control device that mechanical shovel fills ability, including scraper bowl, with The main pump of fuel tank connection, the boom control valves being connected with main pump respectively and rotating bucket control valve, the boom control valves connect dynamic respectively Arm oil cylinder and swing arm pilot valve, rotating bucket control valve connect rotary ink tank and rotating bucket pilot valve respectively.Mainly improvement is:Also Including the connecting plate being hinged with swing arm and pull bar respectively, bucket cylinder group connects the oil-feed solenoid valve block of main pump, and enters electromagnetic oil The equal difference reducer unit of valve group connection, oil return solenoid valve group and shuttle valve group.
Wherein:The scraper bowl is hinged with connecting plate by bucket cylinder group;Shovel dress in oil-feed solenoid valve block connection driver's cabin Controlling switch, the group action of control bucket cylinder;Oil return solenoid valve group one end connection equal difference reducer unit exit, the other end connects Connect at bucket cylinder group rod chamber, and fuel tank is connected by counterbalance valve;The shuttle valve group input connects bucket cylinder group rodless cavity Place, output end connects equal difference reducer unit spring side respectively.
Further, this control device also includes controller, proximity switch and connection main pump outlet on connecting plate The solenoid directional control valve at place, the solenoid directional control valve connects oil-feed solenoid valve block, boom control valves and rotating bucket control valve respectively, and this is approached Switch electrical connection controller simultaneously controls electromagnetic switch valve events by controller.
Further, described connecting plate Inner arc is identical with the radian of scraper bowl external arc, is withdrawn entirely in bucket cylinder group Under state, two arc surfaces are completely attached to.
Further, the perforate that bucket cylinder group is passed through is offered on described connecting plate, connection back is provided with company The mounting seat of bucket cylinder group is connect, the correspondence scraper bowl back side is also provided with the mounting seat of connection bucket cylinder group.
Further, described connecting plate bottom is provided with anti-skidding gusset.Also, described anti-skidding gusset section is right angle Trapezium structure.
The control method of the control device of mechanical shovel dress ability, concrete operation step are loaded present invention also offers above-mentioned raising It is as follows:
A, when loading machine walking insertion material after, it is necessary to scraper bowl further stretch out insertion material when:Start shovel dress control to open Close, oil-feed solenoid valve block obtains electric in via positions, and oil return solenoid valve group obtains electric in open position;Main pump output services oil is logical After crossing oil-feed solenoid valve block and equal difference reducer unit, working oil is blocked by oil return solenoid valve group all the way, and another road working oil enters Bucket cylinder group rodless cavity, promotes bucket cylinder group to stretch out, and rod chamber working oil flows into fuel tank through counterbalance valve.In this way, just realizing Scraper bowl is at the uniform velocity inserted in material.
B, when scraper bowl complete material insertion after, it is necessary to when packing up scraper bowl:Shovel dress controlling switch is closed, oil-feed solenoid valve block is lost Electricity is in open position, and oil return solenoid valve group dead electricity is in via positions;Main pump output services oil is blocked by oil-feed solenoid valve block, Bucket cylinder group rodless cavity working oil is connected by oil return solenoid valve group with rod chamber working oil, and rodless cavity working oil is flowed into all the way In rod chamber, counterbalance valve pressure is overcome to flow into fuel tank all the way;Up to piston all withdrawals, scraper bowl and connecting plate in bucket cylinder group Arc contact.In this way, just realizing the withdrawal of scraper bowl.
Further, to reduce operational error, in the case where bucket cylinder group is stretched out, the output of proximity switch no signal, electricity Magnetic reversal valve is powered off, and under the action of the spring in right position, the working oil of main pump output cannot flow into boom control valves and rotating bucket control In valve processed, swing arm pilot valve and rotating bucket pilot valve attonity are manipulated.When bucket cylinder group is in retracted state, proximity switch has Signal output, solenoid directional control valve obtains electric, under the action of the spring in left position, main pump output working oil flow into boom control valves and In rotating bucket control valve, swing arm pilot valve and rotating bucket pilot valve regular event are manipulated.
In sum, the present invention solves original design easily makes tire heavy wear mainly by loading machine walking insertion material Problem, reduce Different Ground situation and the influence of industry pretended to shovel, improve the ability for loading mechanical shovel dress.Additionally, unloading shovel After bucket and bucket cylinder group, the self structure of connecting plate is alternatively arranged as loading fork and uses so that the device has the work(of many equipments Energy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is hydraulic schematic diagram when bucket cylinder group of the invention is stretched out;
Fig. 2 is hydraulic schematic diagram when bucket cylinder group of the invention withdraws;
Fig. 3 receives hydraulic schematic diagram when scraper bowl lifts arm for the present invention;
Fig. 4 is sectional view when bucket cylinder group of the present invention is stretched out;
Fig. 5 is sectional view when bucket cylinder group of the present invention withdraws;
Fig. 6 is connecting board structure schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 7 is bucket configuration schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 8 is anti-skidding gusset sectional view of the invention;
In figure:1st, scraper bowl, 2, connecting plate, 3, bucket cylinder group, 4, swing arm, 5, pull bar, 6, shuttle valve group, 7, oil return solenoid valve Group, 8, equal difference reducer unit, 9, oil-feed solenoid valve block, 10, main pump, 11, counterbalance valve, 12, anti-skidding gusset, 13, proximity switch, 14th, solenoid directional control valve, 15, boom control valves, 16, rotating bucket control valve, 17, rotary ink tank, 18, boom cylinder, 19, rotating bucket guide Valve, 20, swing arm pilot valve.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the hydraulic system of general loading machine includes scraper bowl 1, the main pump 10 being connected with fuel tank, respectively with main pump Boom control valves 15 and rotating bucket the control valve 16 of connection, the boom control valves 15 connect boom cylinder 18 and swing arm pilot valve respectively 20, rotating bucket control valve 16 connects rotary ink tank 17 and rotating bucket pilot valve 19 respectively.When shovel dress is carried out to material, dress is relied primarily on Carrier aircraft walking insertion material, i.e., contact the adhesive force for producing with ground by tire and material inserted.
As shown in Figures 1 to 5, to avoid relying on the present situation that material insertion is realized in loading machine walking, rely instead upon oil cylinder and push away Dynamic scraper bowl realizes the operation of material insertion, present invention additionally comprises the connecting plate 2 being hinged by bucket cylinder group 3 with scraper bowl 1, should Connecting plate 2 passes through hinge respectively with swing arm 4 and pull bar 5;The electromagnetism for also include controller, being arranged in the exit of main pump 10 is changed To valve 14, add oil-feed solenoid valve block 9, equal difference reducer unit 8 between solenoid directional control valve 14 and equal difference reducer unit 8, return Electromagnetic oil valve group 7 and shuttle valve group 6;The proximity switch 13 electrically connects controller, and controls solenoid directional control valve 14 by controller Action;Shovel dress controlling switch in the oil-feed solenoid valve block 9 connection driver's cabin, control bucket cylinder group 3 is acted;The oil return solenoid valve 7 one end of group connect the exit of equal difference reducer unit 8, at the rod chamber of other end connection bucket cylinder group 3, and are connected by counterbalance valve 11 Connected tank;At the rodless cavity of the input of shuttle valve group 6 connection bucket cylinder group 3, output end connects the spring of equal difference reducer unit 8 respectively Side.
In above-described embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the described Inner arc of connecting plate 2 is identical with the external arc of scraper bowl 1, in scraper bowl oil Under the full retracted state of cylinder group 3, two arc surfaces are completely attached to.Also, the perforate that bucket cylinder group 3 is passed through is offered on connecting plate 2, The back side of connecting plate 2 is welded with the mounting seat of connection bucket cylinder group 3, facilitates the placement of bucket cylinder group 3.As shown in fig. 7, right The back side of scraper bowl 1 is answered to be welded with the mounting seat of connection bucket cylinder group 3.As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 8, fixed in the bottom welding of connecting plate 2 There are some anti-skidding gussets 12, the section of anti-skidding gusset 12 is ladder structure of right angle, strengthens the skid resistance of the bottom of connecting plate 2.
During using above-mentioned control device, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, when driver's operation loading machine walking insertion material to Position and postpone, it is necessary to when scraper bowl 1 further stretches out insertion material, first start shovel dress controlling switch, oil-feed solenoid valve block 9 obtains electric place In via positions, oil return solenoid valve group 7 obtains electric in open position;The output services of main pump 10 oil passes through the He of oil-feed solenoid valve block 9 After equal difference reducer unit 8, working oil is blocked by oil return solenoid valve group 7 all the way, and another road working oil enters bucket cylinder group 3 without bar Chamber, promotes bucket cylinder group 3 to stretch out, and rod chamber working oil flows into fuel tank through counterbalance valve 11.
Because maximum pressure acts on the spring side of equal difference reducer unit 8 in the output end of shuttle valve group 6 output bucket cylinder group 3, So that pressure difference is equal before and after oil-feed solenoid valve block 9, and each valve core opening area equation during the connection of oil-feed solenoid valve block 9, so The flow for flowing through oil-feed solenoid valve block 9 is equal, i.e., by loading inconsistent situation when each oil cylinder of bucket cylinder group 3 stretches out Under, the working oil flow flowed into rodless cavity is equal, and it is identical that each oil cylinder stretches out speed, just can so realize that scraper bowl 1 is at the uniform velocity inserted In material.
Meanwhile, to avoid, when bucket cylinder group 3 stretches out state, carrying out the maloperations such as receipts bucket carry arm and cause bucket cylinder group 3 problems damaged, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, the present invention is also disposed with proximity switch 13 on connecting plate 2, is used to detect scraper bowl 1 With the relative position of connecting plate 2;And solenoid directional control valve is arranged at main pump outlet, the solenoid directional control valve is connected into electromagnetic oil respectively Valve group, boom control valves and rotating bucket control valve;And proximity switch electricity controls electromagnetic switch valve events by controller.When scraper bowl oil Cylinder group 3 is in when stretching out state, the output of the no signal of proximity switch 13, and solenoid directional control valve 14 is powered off, under the action of the spring in the right side Position, the working oil that main pump 10 is exported cannot be flowed into boom control valves 15 and rotating bucket control valve 16, manipulate the He of swing arm pilot valve 20 The attonity of rotating bucket pilot valve 19, in the case where bucket cylinder group 3 is stretched out, it is to avoid driver's maloperation causes bucket cylinder group 3 Damage.When bucket cylinder group 3 is in retracted state, proximity switch 13 has signal output, and solenoid directional control valve 14 obtains electric, in bullet Spring effect is lower to be in left position, in the working oil inflow boom control valves 20 and rotating bucket control valve 19 of the output of main pump 10, manipulates swing arm Pilot valve 20 and rotating bucket pilot valve 19 are operating normally.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, it is necessary to when receiving bucket after driver completes material insertion:Shovel dress controlling switch is first closed, The dead electricity of oil-feed solenoid valve block 9 is in open position, and the dead electricity of oil return solenoid valve group 7 is in via positions;The output services of main pump 10 oil Blocked by oil-feed solenoid valve block 9, the rodless cavity working oil of bucket cylinder group 3 is connected by oil return solenoid valve group 7 with rod chamber working oil It is logical;Operation loading machine advances, in the scraper bowl 1 under the deadweight of material and in the case of bank drag effect, without bar in oil cylinder group 3 A chamber working oil part is flowed into rod chamber, and a part overcomes the lower pressure that counterbalance valve 11 sets to flow into fuel tank;Until scraper bowl Piston all withdrawals, scraper bowl 1 and the arc contact of connecting plate 2 in oil cylinder group 3, can now carry out receipts bucket, lifting, carrying and discharging etc. Operation.
After the present invention, loading machine is improve when shovel pretends industry to the ground i.e. adaptability of material resistance, it is to avoid original There is shovel to pretend the phenomenon of tyre slip during industry, the shovel dress operating efficiency of whole machine also increases.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of raising loads the control device that mechanical shovel fills ability, including scraper bowl(1), the main pump being connected with fuel tank(10), and point The boom control valves not being connected with main pump(15)Valve is controlled with rotating bucket(16), the boom control valves(15)Boom cylinder is connected respectively (18)With swing arm pilot valve(20), rotating bucket control valve(16)Rotary ink tank is connected respectively(17)With rotating bucket pilot valve(19);
Characterized in that, also include respectively with swing arm(4)And pull bar(5)The connecting plate being hinged(2), bucket cylinder group(3), connection Main pump(10)Oil-feed solenoid valve block(9), with oil-feed solenoid valve block(9)The equal difference reducer unit of connection(8), oil return solenoid valve group (7)And shuttle valve group(6);
The scraper bowl(1)With connecting plate(2)By bucket cylinder group(3)It is hinged;The oil-feed solenoid valve block(9)Shovel in connection driver's cabin Dress controlling switch, controls bucket cylinder group(3)Action;The oil return solenoid valve group(7)One end connects equal difference reducer unit(8)Outlet Place, other end connection bucket cylinder group(3)At rod chamber, and by counterbalance valve(11)Connection fuel tank;The shuttle valve group(6)Input Connection bucket cylinder group(3)At rodless cavity, output end connects equal difference reducer unit respectively(8)Spring side.
2. a kind of raising according to claim 1 loads the control device that mechanical shovel fills ability, it is characterised in that also include Controller, installed in connecting plate(2)On proximity switch(13)And connection main pump(10)The solenoid directional control valve in exit(14), should Solenoid directional control valve(14)Oil-feed solenoid valve block is connected respectively(9), boom control valves(15)Valve is controlled with rotating bucket(16), this approaches and opens Close(13)Electrical connection controller simultaneously controls solenoid directional control valve by controller(14)Action.
3. a kind of raising according to claim 1 and 2 loads the control device that mechanical shovel fills ability, it is characterised in that described Connecting plate(2)On offer bucket cylinder group(3)The perforate for passing through, connecting plate(2)The back side is provided with connection bucket cylinder group (3)Mounting seat, correspondence scraper bowl(1)The back side is also provided with connection bucket cylinder group(3)Mounting seat.
4. a kind of raising according to claim 1 and 2 loads the control device that mechanical shovel fills ability, it is characterised in that described Connecting plate(2)Bottom is provided with anti-skidding gusset(12).
5. a kind of raising according to claim 4 loads the control device that mechanical shovel fills ability, it is characterised in that described Anti-skidding gusset(12)Section is ladder structure of right angle.
6. a kind of a kind of raising as described in claim 1 or 2 loads the control method of the control device of mechanical shovel dress ability, Characterized in that, concrete operation step is as follows:
A, when loading machine walking insertion material after, it is necessary to scraper bowl(1)When further stretching out insertion material:Start shovel dress control to open
Close, oil-feed solenoid valve block(9)Obtain electric in via positions, oil return solenoid valve group(7)Obtain electric in open position;Main pump (10)Output services oil passes through oil-feed solenoid valve block(9)With equal difference reducer unit(8)Afterwards, all the way working oil by oil return solenoid valve group (7)Block, another road working oil enters bucket cylinder group(3)Rodless cavity, promotes bucket cylinder group(3)Stretch out, rod chamber work Oil is through counterbalance valve(11)Fuel tank is flowed into, scraper bowl is realized(1)At the uniform velocity in insertion material;
B, work as scraper bowl(1)Complete after material is inserted, it is necessary to pack up scraper bowl(1)When:Close shovel dress controlling switch, oil-feed solenoid valve block (9)Dead electricity is in open position, oil return solenoid valve group(7)Dead electricity is in via positions;Main pump(10)Output services oil is by oil-feed Solenoid valve block(9)Block, bucket cylinder group(3)Rodless cavity working oil passes through oil return solenoid valve group(7)Connect with rod chamber working oil Logical, rodless cavity working oil is flowed into rod chamber all the way, and counterbalance valve is overcome all the way(11)Pressure flows into fuel tank;Until bucket cylinder group (3)Middle piston all withdraws, and realizes scraper bowl(1)Withdraw and and connecting plate(2)Arc contact.
7. a kind of raising according to claim 6 loads the control method of the control device of mechanical shovel dress ability, its feature It is, in bucket cylinder group(3)In the case of stretching out, proximity switch(13)No signal is exported, solenoid directional control valve(14)Power-off, Right position, main pump are under spring effect(10)The working oil of output cannot flow into boom control valves(15)Valve is controlled with rotating bucket(16) In, manipulate swing arm pilot valve(20)With rotating bucket pilot valve(19)Attonity;
When bucket cylinder group(3)During in retracted state, proximity switch(13)There are signal output, solenoid directional control valve(14)Obtain electric, Left position, main pump are under the action of the spring(10)The working oil of output flows into boom control valves(15)Valve is controlled with rotating bucket(16) In, manipulate swing arm pilot valve(20)With rotating bucket pilot valve(19)Regular event.
CN201510261532.5A 2015-05-21 2015-05-21 Control device for improving shovel loading capacity of loading machine and control method for control device Active CN104929169B (en)

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106402062B (en) * 2016-12-05 2019-01-08 河海大学常州校区 A kind of double scraper excavator hydraulic systems

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1736829A (en) * 2004-08-21 2006-02-22 山东临工工程机械有限公司 Embeded type failure diagnozing system for loader hydralic system
EP1835079A1 (en) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-19 Qinghua He Electromechanically controlled excavator and method for controlling the electromechanically controlled excavator.
CN203080567U (en) * 2013-01-07 2013-07-24 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司科技分公司 Pilot control hydraulic locking system of loader
CN104061196A (en) * 2014-06-05 2014-09-24 安徽博一流体传动股份有限公司 Novel hydraulic system for loader
CN205062867U (en) * 2015-05-21 2016-03-02 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司科技分公司 Improve controlling means who loads mechanical shovel dress ability

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5390208B2 (en) * 2009-01-30 2014-01-15 株式会社クボタ Front loader

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1736829A (en) * 2004-08-21 2006-02-22 山东临工工程机械有限公司 Embeded type failure diagnozing system for loader hydralic system
EP1835079A1 (en) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-19 Qinghua He Electromechanically controlled excavator and method for controlling the electromechanically controlled excavator.
CN203080567U (en) * 2013-01-07 2013-07-24 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司科技分公司 Pilot control hydraulic locking system of loader
CN104061196A (en) * 2014-06-05 2014-09-24 安徽博一流体传动股份有限公司 Novel hydraulic system for loader
CN205062867U (en) * 2015-05-21 2016-03-02 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司科技分公司 Improve controlling means who loads mechanical shovel dress ability

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