CN104929084B - Protection structure of high-speed overflowing surface and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Protection structure of high-speed overflowing surface and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a protection structure of a high-speed overflowing surface and a construction method thereof. The structure comprises granites on a protection surface layer, secondary concrete on a middle transition layer and primary concrete on a base layer, wherein primary structural concrete reinforcements are arranged on the top surface of the primary concrete; secondary concrete surface layer reinforcements are arranged on the top surface of the secondary concrete; the primary concrete and the secondary concrete are connected through U-shaped ribs; the secondary concrete and the granites are connected through elbow anchor ribs or straight anchor ribs; and multiple granites are arranged in sequence to form an array, and are filled with gap concrete to be fixedly connected. The structure is novel in design idea, safe, reliable and convenient to operate, and greatly improves the scour resistance and the wear resistance of spillways. The structure is suitable for medium-high dam spillway engineering under bad river bed geological conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the design and construction technical field of dam flood-discharge road high speed flow-passing surface protection, specially a kind of high speed
The protection structure of flow-passing surface and its construction method.
Background technology
With the exploitation of Pakistani hydropower technology, in dam is built, occur in that more and more middle high type dam.Water
Dam when high water level proposes lock flood discharge, the erosive wear to spillway surface for the high-velocity flow, the always pass of flood-relief channel impact-resisting wear-resisting
Key Consideration.At present, the commonly used strong concrete of spillway or steel plate structure mask, but in some rivers, power station
Upstream riverbed two sides rock crushing, in rainy season, during flood outburst, the rubble carrying a large amount of avalanches enters reservoir area, makes reservoir water level
It is in extraordinary high water level, flood-relief channel once carries lock, high-velocity flow is mingled with block stone and pours in flood-relief channel and stiling basin, thus leading to let out
Big vast road surface concrete is easily damaged by block stone, under the washing away for a long time of current, and then forms large area permanent damage, seriously
The service life of impact engineering permanent building and engineering safety.
In the design of spillway of power station, high speed flow-passing surface typically adopts strong concrete as impact-resisting wear-resisting material,
But for some sediment charge is less and in riverbed that block stone content is more, gate downstream spillway stiling basin alluvial thin layer mud
Sand and block stone, when dam carries lock, are easily washed away by high-velocity flow, block stone is made along with high-velocity flow and then to spillway base plate
Become and directly damage.Build power station in the river of rock fracture very growth, block stone clashes into power station spillway and causes high speed mistake
The phenomenon that stream interface destroys becomes apparent from, strong concrete difficult to reach impact-resisting wear-resisting and guarantor under so severe water environment
The characteristic requirements of card spillway safety.
Content of the invention
For problem present in existing flood-relief channel high speed flow-passing surface designing technique, the present invention provide a kind of reasonable in design,
Safe and reliable, excellent effect, can protect flood-relief channel high speed flow-passing surface structure and its construction method for a long time.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of protection structure of high speed flow-passing surface, including the basic unit's fist stage concrete pouring into a mould connection successively, intermediate layer
Second stage concrete, and protection surface layer granite；The top surface of described fist stage concrete arranges a phase structural concrete reinforcing bar, institute
State the top surface setting second stage concrete surfacing steel bar of second stage concrete；Pass through u-shaped muscle inside fist stage concrete and second stage concrete
Socket, socketed by elbow dowel or straight dowel inside second stage concrete and granite；The granite of protection surface layer becomes array to arrange
Cloth, blind concrete between adjacent granite, the granite fissure of displacement of adjacent two row is put.
Preferably, described protection surface layer is made up of a point position in storehouse for storehouse construction, arranges construction joint, adjacent storehouse between adjacent position in storehouse
Construction joint squarely dentation cross structure between position.
Preferably, also include bracing frame inside described second stage concrete, support frame as described above includes bracing frame screw-thread steel, support
Frame angle steel and the horizontal steelframe of bracing frame band steel composition, the steelframe supporting leg of supporting leg screw-thread steel and supporting leg screw-thread steel composition, horizontal steel
Frame is welded and fixed with steelframe supporting leg.
Preferably, described granite bottom is provided with bolthole, and the straight peen end of elbow dowel or straight dowel one end are arranged on
Described anchor pole in the hole, and fixed by the cement grout that injection is added with extender.
Preferably, intensity c30 of described fist stage concrete；Described second stage concrete and gap concrete are high intensity
E50 geminal fibers concrete, described geminal fibers is steel fibre and polypropylene fibre.
A kind of construction method of high speed flow-passing surface protection structure, comprises the following steps:
1) basic unit's fist stage concrete and pre-buried u-shaped muscle are built on construction surface, and a phase structural concrete reinforcing bar is installed；So
Colligation second stage concrete gluten afterwards, the elevation face welding bracing frame installed in granite block；
2) granite block that bottom is fixed with elbow dowel is arranged on second stage concrete gluten, the fissure of displacement is put and in advance successively
Stay concrete warehousing mouth；Form the cabinet space containing bar-mat reinforcement between fist stage concrete and granite block；
3) from concrete warehousing mouth, normal direction cabinet space cast concrete is poured using perfusion, complete the intermediate layer second phase
Concrete；
4), after second stage concrete pours and completes, the colored hilllock that through hole has been pre-machined is installed in reserved concrete warehousing mouth
Rock, inserts straight dowel then along through hole and is in the milk, and covers concrete warehousing mouth；
5) after the concrete of perfusion reaches the solidifying phase, using the gap coagulation to flow-passing surface granite block seam crossing for the abrasive machine
Soil carries out polishing process, is allowed to form smooth flow-passing surface.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the granite block manufacture method that described bottom is fixed with elbow dowel is to spend
Hilllock sillar is processed to standard-sized square, and by boring bolthole, slip casting, elbow dowel is made with granite block becomes one
Overall.
As a further improvement on the present invention, support frame as described above forms the support of convex arc section, concave arc-shaped section and/or horizontal segment
Face, for supporting granite block；Bracing frame includes the horizontal steel of bracing frame screw-thread steel, bracing frame angle steel and bracing frame band steel composition
Frame, the steelframe supporting leg of supporting leg screw-thread steel and supporting leg screw-thread steel composition, horizontal steelframe is welded and fixed with steelframe supporting leg.
As a further improvement on the present invention, second stage concrete adopt high intensity e50 geminal fibers concrete, and in face of
The second stage concrete surface layer side setting temporary construction seam waterstop of water (flow) direction.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described protection surface layer divides storehouse to construct, and arranges construction joint, phase between adjacent position in storehouse
Construction joint squarely dentation cross structure between adjacent position in storehouse.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has a following beneficial technique effect:
A kind of protection structure of present invention high speed flow-passing surface, overflows for middle high type dam under severe riverbed geological conditions big vast
Road engineering.By the granite block construction using standard, and processed granite bracing members frame before granite block is installed, can
Conveniently realize granite face profile to control, thus meeting a level flow-passing surface construction requirement.Granite block is increased using elbow dowel
With the anchor force of spillway concrete, and when fist stage concrete pours pre-buried u-shaped reinforcing bar so that spillway relatively independent three
Rotating fields finally combine together, form the overall structure of the hard internal stability in surface.U-shaped muscle purpose is installed be to increase and fill afterwards
The adhesion of the high intensity geminal fibers concrete of note.
Not only design concept is novel, safe and reliable, easy to operate for the present invention；By the material to spillway high speed excessively stream surface layer
Matter is optimized design, greatly strengthen the resistance to impact and abrasion of spillway permanent building, improves the quality of dam and outer
See effect.
Further, with strong concrete wearing course ratio, it is to avoid the temperature stress problem of facing concrete, it is to avoid
Produce the possibility of thermal cracking.
Further, granite is processed to the prism that height dimension is more than other size dimensions, can increase its own
The Beneficial Effect to overall structure stability for the stability.
Further, after the completion of the supporting role of bracing frame, just it is fixed together with second stage concrete, play mistake in the middle of reinforcement
Cross the effect of layer intensity.
Further, the construction joint of square dentation alternative form is set between adjacent position in storehouse, increases rubbing between adjacent position in storehouse
Wiping power.
A kind of construction method of the protection structure of present invention high speed flow-passing surface, is constructed by the granite block using standard,
And processed granite bracing members frame before granite block is installed, can conveniently realize granite face profile and control, thus full
Sufficient a level flow-passing surface construction requirement.Construction is simple, cycle is short, low cost.Consider from the engineering life complete period, investment is relatively low.
Further, granite block is processed outside field, and quality guarantee rate is high, saves the duration.
Further, protection surface layer divides storehouse to construct, and arranges the construction joint of square dentation alternative form between adjacent position in storehouse, increases
Plus the frictional force between adjacent position in storehouse.
Brief description:
Fig. 1 is the protection structure sectional schematic diagram of high speed flow-passing surface of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is convex arc section granite block bottom-type supporting frame with steel structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is concave arc-shaped section and horizontal segment granite block bottom-type supporting frame with steel structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is granite block installation schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is that the granite block fissure of displacement of single position in storehouse is put and construction joint schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 puts in storage for granite second stage concrete and concrete vibrating construction technology figure.
In figure: 1 is granite block；2 is second stage concrete；3 is fist stage concrete；4 is bolthole；5 is elbow dowel；6
For gap concrete；7 is second stage concrete surfacing steel bar；8 is u-shaped reinforcing bar；9 is a phase structural concrete reinforcing bar；10 is to shake greatly
Smash device；11 is little vibrator；12 is concrete bucket；13 is concrete warehousing mouth；14 is construction joint；15 stop for temporary construction seam
Water band；16 is small crane；17 is granite special fixture；18 is bracing frame screw-thread steel；19 is bracing frame angle steel；20 is to support
Frame band steel；21 is supporting leg screw-thread steel.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is a kind of design and its arrangement and method for construction of spillway or similar high speed flow-passing surface, below the present invention is done into
The detailed description of one step, the explanation of the invention is not limited.
As shown in figure 1, being a kind of protection structure of present invention high speed flow-passing surface, as the spillway base plate knot of permanent structure
Structure (high speed flow-passing surface protection structure) is made up of three-decker, including protection surface layer natural granite 1, the two of intermediate layer
Phase high intensity e50 geminal fibers concrete 2, and basic unit's one phase c30 normal concrete 3.Between being provided between adjacent granite 1
Gap, gap blind concrete (high intensity geminal fibers concrete) 6.Fist stage concrete 3, second stage concrete 2 and granite 1
When three constitutes spillway base plate, pass through multi-form reinforcing bar 5/8 between every Rotating fields, different structures linked together,
Connect for u-shaped muscle 8 wherein between fist stage concrete 3 and second stage concrete 2, u-shaped muscle 8 is inverted setting, and u-shaped mouth one end is embedded in one
In phase concrete 3, u-shaped end is embedded in second stage concrete 2；It is l type dowel (elbow anchor between second stage concrete 2 and granite 1
Muscle) 5 connections, form the works of the hard internal stability of appearance by above-mentioned technique.The straight peen end of l type dowel (elbow dowel) 5
It is fixed in granite 1, elbow end is embedded in second stage concrete 2.The top surface of fist stage concrete 3 arranges a phase structural concrete
Reinforcing bar 9, the top surface setting second stage concrete surfacing steel bar 7 of second stage concrete 2.
A kind of construction method of high speed flow-passing surface protection structure, comprises the following steps:
1) basic unit's fist stage concrete 3 and pre-buried u-shaped muscle 8 are built on construction surface, and a phase structural concrete reinforcing bar is installed
9；Then colligation second stage concrete gluten 7, the elevation face welding bracing frame installed in granite block 1；
2) granite block 1 that bottom is fixed with elbow dowel 5 is arranged on second stage concrete gluten 7 successively, the fissure of displacement is put
And reserve concrete warehousing mouth 13；Form the cabinet space containing bar-mat reinforcement between fist stage concrete 3 and granite block 1；
3) from concrete warehousing mouth 13, normal direction cabinet space cast concrete is poured using perfusion, complete intermediate layer two
Phase concrete 2；
4), after second stage concrete 2 pours and completes, the flower that through hole has been pre-machined is installed in reserved concrete warehousing mouth 13
Hilllock rock 1, inserts straight dowel then along through hole and is in the milk, and covers concrete warehousing mouth 13；
5) after the concrete 2 of perfusion reaches the solidifying phase, using abrasive machine, the gap of flow-passing surface granite block seam crossing is mixed
Solidifying soil 6 carries out polishing process, is allowed to form smooth flow-passing surface.
Protection surface layer includes convex arc section, concave arc-shaped section and horizontal segment.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is respectively convex arc section granite block bottom-type
Steel structure support schematic diagram and concave arc-shaped section and horizontal segment granite block bottom-type steel structure support schematic diagram；Before implementing construction, convex
Segmental arc and concave arc-shaped section surface layer granite block 1 are both needed to arrange temporary construction support 18/19/20/21, and temporary construction support adopts steel to tie
Structure is welded, including φ 22mm screw-thread steel 18, angle steel 19 and band steel 20 composition horizontal steelframe and φ 25mm screw-thread steel 21 and
The steelframe supporting leg of φ 22mm screw-thread steel 18 composition.
Fist stage concrete (structural concrete) 3 and the second stage of strong concrete 2 need to be layered substage construction.Fist stage concrete 3
The structural thickness that major design realizes spillway base plate requires, and second stage concrete 2 and granite 1 are the impact-resisting wear-resisting meeting design
Intensity requirement.Second stage concrete 2 construction lags behind fabric concrete 3 and top layer granite 1 is constructed.
As shown in figure 4, granite 1 will be processed to standard-sized square, and monolithic gravity energy meets artificial operation
Require.Granite block 1, also wraps except conventional concrete adhesive force and deadweight as flow-passing surface protective measure, its anchor type
Include the elbow dowel 5 of bottom increase.Elbow dowel 5, in Construction in Preparatory Stage, by boring, slip casting, is fabricated to granite block 1
For an entirety, after the completion of second stage concrete pours, granite block 1 is linked together with concrete 2, thus strengthening two kinds of knots
The adhesion of structure.When granite block 1 is installed, need the fissure of displacement to put, sling by the granite special fixture 17 in small crane 16
Granite 1, is arranged successively.
As shown in figure 5, during granite block 1 laying, the inlet 13 of reserved concrete 2, for inlet 13 Chu Hua hilllock
Sillar 1, installs after the completion of pouring, and is processed using surface grouting.Second stage concrete adopt high intensity geminal fibers (steel fibre and
Polypropylene fibre) concrete 2, and arrange surfacing steel bar 7 and temporary construction seam waterstop 15；Temporary construction stitches waterstop 15
It is vertically arranged with water (flow) direction.
As shown in fig. 6, second stage concrete 2 need to pour mode using perfusion, concrete bucket 12 is by concrete from concrete
Inlet is poured into, and size vibrator 10/11 cooperation is vibrated.After the concrete 2 of perfusion reaches the solidifying phase, using Handheld grinding machine
Polishing process is carried out to the concrete 6 of flow-passing surface granite block seam crossing, is allowed to form smooth flow-passing surface.
The design principle of the present invention:
Granite block 1 is installed and typically need to be directly installed on basement rock based on certain thickness concrete plate.Coagulation
Soil need to be divided into two parts, and Part I concrete 3 is the primary structure of base plate in order to the thickness meeting back-plane design will
Ask, when a phase structural concrete reinforcing bar 9 is installed, in addition to ensureing the shockproof requirements in self structure, also need u-shaped muscle 8, mesh are installed
The high intensity geminal fibers concrete 2 being to increase with irrigating afterwards adhesion.
Before granite block is installed, its bottom second stage concrete gluten 7 colligation work need to be completed.Then in granite block 1
The elevation face welding bracing members frame installed, bracing frame mainly adopts spiral 18, supports top of support to be angle steel 19 and band steel 20.
When granite block is installed, the interior right angle of angle steel 19 is used for limiting and fixing the position on one of direction.During angle steel 19 welding,
Need to accurately put in place, then the design attitude according to granite block, the putting position of granite is marked on angle steel 19.Band steel 20 is main
It is used for leveling granite, the transverse property of band steel is poor it is also possible to round steel replaces.
Rush storehouse and the seam face of second stage concrete 2 position in storehouse process and need to carry out in time after fist stage concrete 3 completes, and
When granite 1 starts to install, second phase flushing need to be carried out, mainly remove construction debris, because second stage concrete is perfusion making
Industry, after granite 1 is installed, the cabinet space containing bar-mat reinforcement is formed on granite 1 bottom, and personnel cannot be introduced into clear in casing
Reason.
Granite block 1 preparation mainly includes beating bolthole 4, installs elbow dowel 5 and grouting etc..Elbow dowel 5 is pacified
Dress is integral with granite making by the way of first inserted link post-grouting, and grouting material is mainly added with certain density expansion
The cement grout of agent.
When granite block 1 is installed, need the fissure of displacement to put, for ease of concrete discharging, concrete warehousing mouth 13 will be reserved.For
Granite at second stage concrete 2 inlet, in processing factory, has been pre-machined through hole, has been poured in second stage concrete 2
After one-tenth, granite is installed and is finally in the milk along the through hole straight dowel of insertion.
Granite block mask divides storehouse to construct, and construction joint 14 between adjacent position in storehouse, due to due to granite block, is no longer arranged
Seam surface concrete keyway, but square dentation alternative form will be made, increase the frictional force between adjacent position in storehouse.
In practice, protect the thickness of the natural granite 1 of surface layer, the second phase of intermediate layer, and basic unit one phase respectively
It is designed as 600mm, 800mm, 2600～6200mm.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of protection structure of high speed flow-passing surface is it is characterised in that include pouring into a mould basic unit's fist stage concrete of connection successively
(3), the second stage concrete (2) of intermediate layer, and the granite block (1) of protection surface layer；The top surface of described fist stage concrete (3)
One phase structural concrete reinforcing bar (9), top surface setting second stage concrete surfacing steel bar (7) of described second stage concrete (2) are set；One
Socketed by u-shaped muscle (8) inside phase concrete (3) and second stage concrete (2), second stage concrete (2) is internal with granite block (1)
Socketed by elbow dowel (5) or straight dowel；Protection surface layer granite block (1) become array arrangement, adjacent granite block (1) it
Between blind concrete (6), adjacent two row granite block (1) fissure of displacement put；Described granite block (1) bottom is provided with anchor
Rod aperture (4), the straight peen end of elbow dowel (5) or straight dowel one end are arranged in described bolthole (4), and are added with by injection
The cement grout of extender is fixed.
2. a kind of high speed flow-passing surface according to claim 1 protection structure it is characterised in that described protection surface layer by point
The position in storehouse composition of storehouse construction, setting construction joint (14), construction joint (14) the squarely tooth between adjacent position in storehouse between adjacent position in storehouse
Shape cross structure.
3. a kind of protection structure of high speed flow-passing surface according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described fist stage concrete
(3) intensity c30；Described second stage concrete (2) and gap concrete (6) are high intensity e50 geminal fibers concrete, described double
Fiber is steel fibre and polypropylene fibre.
4. a kind of construction method of high speed flow-passing surface protection structure according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that include following
Step:
1) basic unit's fist stage concrete (3) and pre-buried u-shaped muscle (8) are built on construction surface, and a phase structural concrete reinforcing bar is installed
(9)；Then colligation second stage concrete surfacing steel bar (7), the elevation face welding bracing frame installed in granite block (1)；
2) granite block (1) that bottom is fixed with elbow dowel (5) is arranged successively on second stage concrete surfacing steel bar (7), wrong
Seam is put and is reserved concrete warehousing mouth (13)；Form the case containing bar-mat reinforcement between fist stage concrete (3) and granite block (1)
Body space；
3) from concrete warehousing mouth (13), normal direction cabinet space cast concrete is poured using perfusion, complete the intermediate layer second phase
Concrete (2)；
4), after second stage concrete (2) pours and completes, the flower that through hole has been pre-machined is installed in reserved concrete warehousing mouth (13)
Hilllock sillar (1), inserts straight dowel then along through hole and is in the milk, capping concrete warehousing mouth (13)；
5) after the gap concrete (6) of perfusion reaches the solidifying phase, using the gap to flow-passing surface granite block seam crossing for the abrasive machine
Concrete (6) carries out polishing process, is allowed to form smooth flow-passing surface.
5. the construction method of high speed flow-passing surface protection structure according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described bottom is fixed
Granite block (1) manufacture method having elbow dowel (5) is that granite block (1) is processed to standard-sized square, by boring
Bolthole (4), slip casting, elbow dowel (5) is made with granite block (1) becomes an entirety.
6. the construction method of high speed flow-passing surface protection structure according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that second stage concrete
(2) adopt high intensity e50 geminal fibers concrete, and set in second stage concrete surfacing steel bar (7) side in face of water (flow) direction
Put temporary construction seam waterstop (15).
7. the construction method of high speed flow-passing surface protection structure according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that described protection surface layer
Divide storehouse construction, setting construction joint (14) between adjacent position in storehouse, construction joint (14) the squarely dentation between adjacent position in storehouse interlocks and ties
Structure.
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| CN201510278574.XA CN104929084B (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2015-05-27 | Protection structure of high-speed overflowing surface and construction method thereof |
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| CN201510278574.XA CN104929084B (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2015-05-27 | Protection structure of high-speed overflowing surface and construction method thereof |
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| CN112392011B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-07-13 | 广东水电二局股份有限公司 | Method for repairing gentle slope water release building surface by using ultra-high performance concrete |
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| SI21104B (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2011-01-31 | Dušan CIUHA | Power plant, dam or similar water management facility flow area with enhanced dissipation effect |
| RU2478751C1 (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-04-10 | Федеральное Государственное Автономное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Профессионального Образования "Сибирский Федеральный Университет" | Downstream apron of water discharge structure |
| CN102953358A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-03-06 | 中国水电顾问集团贵阳勘测设计研究院 | Method and structure for improving anti-impact structure of overflow surface of gravity dam and improved structure |
| CN204326031U (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-05-13 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Concrete adds the flexible apron structure of rough pier |
| CN204690705U (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-10-07 | 中国葛洲坝集团第三工程有限公司 | A kind of operator guards of high speed flow-passing surface |
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