The water base insulation spacer pad of a kind of deep water Solid Free
Technical field
The present invention relates to the water base insulation separating liquid system of a kind of deep water Solid Free, belong to petroleum exploration domain.
Background technology
Spacer pad also claims annular protective liquid; in the oil-gas field development of land; refer to filling and oil pipe and sand string, sand string and protector string and the liquid of annular space between protector string and surface string, its effect comprises and prevents tubing and casing and subsurface tool from CO
2and H
2the burn into equilibrium strata pressure of S etc. and casing pressure etc.And at sea in oil-gas field development, annular space between marine riser and oil pipe, and the fluid that between interior marine riser and outer marine riser, annular space injects is also referred to as packer fluids, its Main Function is heat-insulation and heat-preservation.
Oil-gas field at sea, especially in the exploitation of marine deep water hydrocarbon field, marine riser is the indispensable integral part being different from land oil-gas field, its effect is to provide a passage from offshore platform to seabed, make the Oil/gas Well such as drilling rod, oil pipe tubing string under enter in process, from the impact of briny environment.Marine riser directly and contact with sea water, and seawater temperature reduces gradually along with the increase of the depth of water, the depth of water more than 300 meters after, envrionment temperature near seabed is often less than 5 DEG C, and China has started to develop the offshore oil and gas resource of the depth of water more than 1300 meters now, bottom-water temperature is close to 0 DEG C, the former oil and gas in underground enters the low temperature environment of seawater section tubing string from stratum high-temperature hyperbaric environment, fluid heat can scatter and disappear rapidly along the path of " annular space-each layer sleeve pipe of oil pipe-between oil pipe and sleeve pipe-between sleeve pipe and marine riser annular space-marine riser-seawater ", fluid temperature (F.T.) is caused sharply to reduce, and then the engineering problem that generation one is thorny: gas hydrate.
Gas hydrate combine solid as ice by natural G&W.On microcosmic, this material is in fact invade by a kind of molecule the physical combination that another molecule forms, and then defines crystal structure.If be water by what invade, be then referred to as crystallohydrate, if Sweet natural gas, be then called gas hydrate.Generally be commonly referred to as gas hydrate, gas molecule is wherein enclosed in centre by the lattice network that water molecules is formed, its basic structural feature is connected in space by hydrogen bond by main body water molecules, form the polyhedron hole of a series of different size, these polyhedron holes or connected by summit, or be connected by face, develop into clathrate hydrate lattice.Gas hydrate generally generate under low temperature and condition of high voltage.More micromolecular hydrocarbon, is more difficult to form hydrate.The physical environment of deepwater operation, especially from seabed mud line to the tubing string of this section of offshore platform, extremely meets the cryogenic high pressure condition forming gas hydrate, once water and Sweet natural gas exist simultaneously, and the just possibility of tangible one-tenth gas hydrate.
Gas hydrate are very large to the harm of oil-gas field development, cause a series of down-hole and ground problem, are mainly manifested in: 1) because the water absorption in mud is caused slurry dewatering by hydrate, cause the problem such as bit freezing and lost-circulation; 2) in hydrate, Sweet natural gas is in compression state, once dissolve, a large amount of Sweet natural gas release can cause huge potential safety hazard; 3) block well control system after gas hydrate synthesis, affect well control operation.
Around the control of gas hydrate, define a series of Method and Technology, mainly be divided into physical method and chemical process, physical method has except water law, heating method, thermal-insulating method, step-down control methods, chemical process prevents hydrate from blocking pipeline by additive, and the kind of chemical additive has thermodynamic inhibitor, anti polymerizer, kinetic inhibitor.
Thermal-insulating method, by reducing the heat trnasfer in low-temperature zone tubing string between resident fluid and seawater, keeps tubing string inner fluid temperature more than hydrate critical temperature, destroys the formation condition of hydrate, prevent the formation of hydrate.Mainly comprise two kinds of approach, the tubing string that a kind of application is manufactured by lagging material; Another kind is exactly the insulation spacer pad by filling low thermal conductivity in each layer tubing string.
Compared to routine insulation spacer pad, the water base thermal insulation separation of Solid Free can be stablized more from fluidity, effect of heat insulation is better, environmental pollution is minimum, and application prospect is good.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the water base insulation separating liquid system of a kind of Solid Free, the water base insulation spacer pad of this Solid Free can solve in the exploitation of deep water hydrocarbon field, low temperature environment residing for seawater section tubing string makes the resident fluid heat flowed through scatter and disappear rapidly, the hydrate risk that temperature sharply declines and causes; This insulation separating liquid system is not containing solid phase, avoid the solid precipitation occurred because of polymer degradation, have that pumping is convenient, corrodibility is low and subsurface tool compatibleness is good in addition, ocean environment do not polluted, thermostability is high, thermal conductivity is low advantage, the insulation spacer pad of different densities also can be made by the salt of employing different sorts, different content, thus meeting the demand of the hydrocarbon-bearing pool of different pressures coefficient, suitability is wide.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the water base insulation spacer pad of a kind of Solid Free, is prepared by the component of following massfraction: High hydrophilous resin 0.5-3.0%, viscosity increaser 0.5-2.0%, polyvalent alcohol 10-90%, soluble salt 5-50%, auxiliary agent 0.5-3.0%, fresh water are surplus.
In technical solution of the present invention, described High hydrophilous resin (SAP) is also called hydroexpanding body, and be a class suitably crosslinked water-swellable and undissolved polymkeric substance, Chinese oil field mainly uses it as amendment.SAP can absorb tens, the hundreds of even water of thousands of times of sole masses or salt solution, the special SAP of performance can also absorb polyvalent alcohol, play curable solvent effect, common as starch grafted acrylate class, graft acrylamide, high substitution value cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose graft acrylamide, cross-linking type Natvosol graft acrylamide polymkeric substance etc.In the technical program, described High hydrophilous resin can preferably acrylamide-sodium acrylate copolymer or hydrogel, also can be that acrylamide-sodium acrylate copolymer mixes with hydrogel.
Viscosity increaser preferred polysaccharide base polymer described in technical solution of the present invention.Preferred further, described viscosity increaser can be one or more in carboxy-methyl hydroxy propyl guanidine glue GG, xanthan gum XC, instant dissolving glue powder PAV, treated starch CMC, modified fibre XF.Viscosity increaser is used for the rheological of regulation system in the present invention's formula, obtains splendid shear thinning behavior.Add High hydrophilous resin SAP on this basis, can be used to the water in curing system and alcohol, reduce the heat transfer loss that natural convection brings further.
When filling a prescription the insulation spacer pad described in preparation by the present invention, as required polyvalent alcohol can be added separately formula preparation, add after also can by a certain percentage different polyvalent alcohols being mixed.According to heat insulation and density needs, the dosage of polyvalent alcohol can be as high as 90%, significantly can reduce the thermal conductivity of system.
In technical solution of the present invention, the mixing of one or more in the preferred ethylene glycol of described polyvalent alcohol, propylene glycol, glycerol, glycol ether, triglycol, polyoxyethylene glycol.
Soluble salt described in technical solution of the present invention is the one in solubility villaumite, bromine salt, formate.Described soluble salt can be soluble inorganic salt, further preferred NaCl, KCl, CaCl
2, CaBr
2, NaBr, KBr, in one or more; Described soluble salt can also be soluble organic salts class, and further preferable formic acid salt, as NaCOOH, KCOOH.
Auxiliary agent of the present invention is one or more in inhibiter, sterilant, pH buffer reagent, oxygen scavenger, linking agent.
The preparation of the water base insulation spacer pad of deep water Solid Free of the present invention adopts following steps:
(1) soluble salt is dissolved in the water, obtained salt solution;
(2) viscosity increaser, High hydrophilous resin are added in polyvalent alcohol, stir 3 ~ 10min, obtained polyvalent alcohol mixed solution;
(3) polyvalent alcohol mixing is added in salt solution, stir 20 ~ 40min with rotating speed 3000 ~ 10000r/min, after the abundant aquation of thing to be polymerized, then add other auxiliary agent mixing and stirring, with NaOH adjust ph to 8 ~ 10, to obtain final product.
A kind of density 1.08g/cm
3the water base insulation spacer pad of deep water Solid Free, its formula is by quality proportioning, the High hydrophilous resin G-504 of composed as follows 0.57%, the carboxy-methyl hydroxy propyl guanidine glue of 1.14%, 20% propylene glycol, the soluble inorganic salt NaBr of 16.79%, inhibiter, the sterilant of 0.13%, pH buffer reagent, the surplus of 0.25% of 0.25% be fresh water, wherein, the chemical composition of High hydrophilous resin G-504 is acrylamide-sodium acrylate copolymer; During preparation, first by soluble inorganic salt NaBr and mixing of fresh water, obtained salt solution, then adds in propylene glycol by carboxy-methyl hydroxy propyl guanidine glue and High hydrophilous resin G-504, after 5min stirs, obtain mixed with propylene glycol liquid, mixed with propylene glycol liquid is added in salt solution, with rotating speed 5000r/min high-speed stirring 30min, after the abundant aquation of thing to be polymerized, add inhibiter, sterilant, pH buffer reagent mixing and stirring again, then use NaOH adjust ph to 9.5, to obtain final product.
The present invention is as follows relative to the beneficial effect of prior art:
(1) insulation separating liquid system of the present invention is filled in Oil/gas Well down-hole annular and plays heat-blocking action, down-hole annular comprises annular space between annular space between oil pipe and marine riser, two marine riser, annular space between oil pipe and sand string and A annular space, annular space between sand string and protector string and B annular space, annular space between protector string and surface string and C annular space etc., and this system is the working fluid system improving through heat-insulating capability on the basis of the Solid Free clear brine well finishing liquid comprising perforating fluid, packer fluids, workover fluid etc. and grow up;
(2) insulation separating liquid system of the present invention is not containing solid phase, avoids the solid precipitation occurred because of polymer degradation;
(3) there is when insulation separating liquid system of the present invention leaves standstill in down-hole annular high glutinous characteristic, when it is pumped into well, there is again low glutinous characteristic, can pumping be facilitated;
(4) formation of insulation separating liquid system of the present invention is not containing solid phase, and corrodibility is low, and subsurface tool compatibleness is good, and does not pollute ocean environment;
(5) tackifier in insulation separating liquid system formation of the present invention have multiple choices, can make system in annular space, have high glutinous characteristic, thus reduce natural convection heat transfer loss;
(6) the polyvalent alcohol preferred polymeric polyvalent alcohol in insulation separating liquid system of the present invention, compared with water, they have the advantages that density is high and viscosity is large, both can assist and increase the weight of, and can increase system viscosity again;
(7) polyvalent alcohol in insulation separating liquid system of the present invention effectively can also reduce the thermal conductivity of system, such as, along with the increase of ethylene glycol or glycerol content in insulation separating liquid system, the thermal conductivity of the aqueous solution constantly reduces (as Fig. 2), with do not add compared with alcohol, when the content of alcohol is 80%, the thermal conductivity of system reduces about 50%;
(8) polyvalent alcohol in insulation separating liquid system of the present invention effectively can also improve the thermostability of system; compared with water; the boiling point of polyvalent alcohol is very high; the temperature resistance of self is stronger; polyvalent alcohol has high temperature protection effect to polymkeric substance viscosity increaser; thus improve the temperature resistance of system, comprise " XG-NaBr ", " carboxy-methyl hydroxy propyl guanidine glue GG-CaBr
2" and " CMC " show in interior serial temperature resistance experimental result, the sample being added with polyvalent alcohol is more much higher than the sample temperature resistance ability of not adding polyvalent alcohol;
(9) described soluble salt can be soluble inorganic salt or organic salt, can make the insulation spacer pad of different densities, thus meet the hydrocarbon-bearing pool of different pressures coefficient by the salt of employing different sorts, different content; In addition, soluble salt is added to the water, obviously can reduces the thermal conductivity of the aqueous solution, namely can weaken thermal conduction adding of salt; For formate, can also the thermostability of polymkeric substance in raising system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The density of several polyvalent alcohol of Fig. 1 at 80 DEG C, under 0.1Mpa condition and viscosity.
Fig. 2 ethylene glycol and the thermal conductivity of glycerin solution under 80 DEG C of conditions.
The thermal conductivity of Fig. 3 different concns salt solution under 20 DEG C of conditions.
Embodiment
Be described in further details the present invention below by embodiment, these embodiments are only used for the present invention is described, do not limit the scope of the invention.
It is 1.08g/cm that embodiment 1 prepares density according to following formula and step
3the water base insulation separating liquid system of deep water Solid Free:
(1) fill a prescription: the High hydrophilous resin G-504 of 0.57%, the carboxy-methyl hydroxy propyl guanidine glue of 1.14%, 20% propylene glycol, the soluble inorganic salt NaBr of 16.79%, inhibiter, the sterilant of 0.13%, pH buffer reagent, the surplus of 0.25% of 0.25% be fresh water, wherein, the chemical composition of High hydrophilous resin G-504 is acrylamide-sodium acrylate copolymer (the GrainProcessing company in Iowa state produces);
(2) when preparing, first by soluble inorganic salt NaBr and mixing of fresh water, obtained NaBr salt solution, then adds in propylene glycol by carboxy-methyl hydroxy propyl guanidine glue and High hydrophilous resin G-504, after 5min stirs, obtain mixed with propylene glycol liquid, mixed with propylene glycol liquid is added in NaBr salt solution, with rotating speed 5000r/min high-speed stirring 30min, after the abundant aquation of thing to be polymerized, add inhibiter, sterilant, pH buffer reagent mixing and stirring again, then use NaOH adjust ph to 9.5, to obtain final product.
The present embodiment being incubated the rheological of separating liquid system and the commercially available XC aqueous solution, HEC(Natvosol) compared with the rheological of the aqueous solution, experimental result is in table 1.Experimental data shows, the present embodiment insulation separating liquid system has very high viscosity under very low bitrate, and at higher shear rates viscosity close to zero, obviously good than shear thinning XC solution is better, this system low glutinous feature at high shear rates, is conducive to site pumping and enters down-hole annular; And once go into operation, this system in down-hole annular because the height shown under low shear rate sticks characteristic, in annular space, overall maintenance is static, the heat transmitted from oil pipe, interior marine riser etc. makes packer fluids have density difference and experiencing small oscillating movements occurs, now because system has excellent shear thinning behavior, diagram of system reveals high viscosity, and therefore natural convection heat transfer loss is weakened widely.
Table 1 is incubated the apparent viscosity of spacer pad
Note: the related data of XC, HEC records with Grace3600 rheometer.
For reducing the thermal conductivity of system further, better to adapt to deepwater environment, this system is improved.System after improvement inherits the excellent shear thinning behavior of substance system, and solvent cures characteristic, effectively controls annular space natural convection heat transfer, and by adding novel viscosity increaser and solvent, reducing the thermal conductivity of self, reduce further conductive heat loss.
Embodiment 2 adopts following formula and step to prepare the water base insulation spacer pad of deep water Solid Free:
(1) fill a prescription: prepared by the component of following quality proportioning: 0.5% High hydrophilous resin (hydrogel DM), 0.8% viscosity increaser (xanthan gum), 10% polyvalent alcohol (glycerol), 13.2% soluble salt (NaCOOH), 0.5% auxiliary agent (inhibiter), surplus are fresh water;
(2) preparation method: add in polyvalent alcohol by viscosity increaser, High hydrophilous resin, stirs 3min, and obtained polyvalent alcohol mixed solution, is dissolved in the water soluble salt, obtained salt solution; Then polyvalent alcohol mixed solution is added in salt solution, stir 40min with rotating speed 3000r/min, after the abundant aquation of thing to be polymerized, then add other auxiliary agent mixing and stirring, by NaOH adjust ph to 10, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 3 adopts following formula and step to prepare the water base insulation spacer pad of deep water Solid Free:
(1) fill a prescription: prepared by the component of following quality proportioning: 1.52% High hydrophilous resin G-504,0.5% viscosity increaser (instant dissolving glue powder), 16.35% polyvalent alcohol (triglycol), 30% soluble salt (NaBr), 2.58% auxiliary agent (wherein 0.58% sterilant, 2.0% linking agent), surplus are fresh water;
(2) preparation method: add in polyvalent alcohol by viscosity increaser, High hydrophilous resin, stirs 4min, and obtained polyvalent alcohol mixed solution, is dissolved in the water soluble salt, obtained salt solution; Then polyvalent alcohol mixed solution is added in salt solution, stir 20min with rotating speed 8000r/min, after the abundant aquation of thing to be polymerized, then add other auxiliary agent mixing and stirring, by NaOH adjust ph to 8, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 4 adopts following formula and step to prepare the water base insulation spacer pad of deep water Solid Free:
(1) fill a prescription: prepared by the component of following quality proportioning: 3.0% High hydrophilous resin (hydrogel HXY), 1.5% viscosity increaser (treated starch), 30% polyvalent alcohol (polyoxyethylene glycol), 5.0% soluble salt (NaCl), 3.0% auxiliary agent (wherein, 1.5% sterilant, 1.5%pH buffer reagent), surplus are fresh water;
(2) preparation method: add in polyvalent alcohol by viscosity increaser, High hydrophilous resin, stirs 8min, and obtained polyvalent alcohol mixed solution, is dissolved in the water soluble salt, obtained salt solution; Then polyvalent alcohol mixed solution is added in salt solution, stir 35min with rotating speed 5000r/min, after the abundant aquation of thing to be polymerized, then add other auxiliary agent mixing and stirring, by NaOH adjust ph to 9, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 5 adopts following formula and step to prepare the water base insulation spacer pad of deep water Solid Free:
(1) fill a prescription: prepared by the component of following quality proportioning: 2.25% High hydrophilous resin (wherein, 1.25%G-504,1.0% hydrogel DM mix), 1.2% viscosity increaser (modified fibre), 15.5% polyvalent alcohol (ethylene glycol), 40% soluble salt (KCOOH), 1.05 auxiliary agents (inhibiter, oxygen scavenger), surplus are fresh water;
(2) preparation method: add in polyvalent alcohol by viscosity increaser, High hydrophilous resin, stirs 10min, and obtained polyvalent alcohol mixed solution, is dissolved in the water soluble salt, obtained salt solution; Then polyvalent alcohol mixed solution is added in salt solution, stir 25min with rotating speed 10000r/min, after the abundant aquation of thing to be polymerized, then add other auxiliary agent mixing and stirring, by NaOH adjust ph to 8, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 6 adopts following formula and step to prepare the water base insulation spacer pad of deep water Solid Free:
(1) fill a prescription: prepared by the component of following quality proportioning: 3.0% High hydrophilous resin G-504,2.0% viscosity increaser (modified fibre) 24% polyvalent alcohol (ethylene glycol), 20% soluble salt (KCOOH), 2.8% auxiliary agent (wherein, 2% inhibiter, 0.85 sterilant), surplus are fresh water;
(2) preparation method: add in polyvalent alcohol by viscosity increaser, High hydrophilous resin, stirs 5min, and obtained polyvalent alcohol mixed solution, is dissolved in the water soluble salt, obtained salt solution; Then polyvalent alcohol mixed solution is added in salt solution, stir 30min with rotating speed 4000r/min, after the abundant aquation of thing to be polymerized, then add other auxiliary agent mixing and stirring, by NaOH adjust ph to 9, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 7 adopts following formula and step to prepare the water base insulation spacer pad of deep water Solid Free:
(1) fill a prescription: prepared by the component of following quality proportioning: 0.5% High hydrophilous resin (starch grafted acrylate), 0.5% viscosity increaser (xanthan gum), 90% polyvalent alcohol (wherein, 45% ethylene glycol, 45% propylene glycol), 5% soluble salt (CaBr
2), 0.5% auxiliary agent (inhibiter), surplus be fresh water;
(2) preparation method: add in polyvalent alcohol by viscosity increaser, High hydrophilous resin, stirs 5min, and obtained polyvalent alcohol mixed solution, is dissolved in the water soluble salt, obtained salt solution; Then polyvalent alcohol mixed solution is added in salt solution, stir 20min with rotating speed 6000r/min, after the abundant aquation of thing to be polymerized, then add other auxiliary agent mixing and stirring, by NaOH adjust ph to 8.5, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 8 adopts following formula and step to prepare the water base insulation spacer pad of deep water Solid Free:
(1) fill a prescription: prepared by the component of following quality proportioning: 0.8% High hydrophilous resin (graft acrylamide), 0.6% viscosity increaser (treated starch), 80% polyvalent alcohol (wherein 55% glycerol, 25% polyoxyethylene glycol), 6.0% soluble salt (KCl), 1.0% auxiliary agent (sterilant), surplus are fresh water;
(2) preparation method: add in polyvalent alcohol by viscosity increaser, High hydrophilous resin, stirs 10min, and obtained polyvalent alcohol mixed solution, is dissolved in the water soluble salt, obtained salt solution; Then polyvalent alcohol mixed solution is added in salt solution, stir 40min with rotating speed 3000r/min, after the abundant aquation of thing to be polymerized, then add other auxiliary agent mixing and stirring, by NaOH adjust ph to 10, to obtain final product.