CN104924347A - Ultrasonic cutting adjustment device and cutting method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic cutting adjustment device and cutting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104924347A CN104924347A CN201510268707.5A CN201510268707A CN104924347A CN 104924347 A CN104924347 A CN 104924347A CN 201510268707 A CN201510268707 A CN 201510268707A CN 104924347 A CN104924347 A CN 104924347A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic cutting adjustment device and a cutting method. The device comprises a tank baseplate, a bearing, a bearing upper end cover, a belt, a belt wheel, a lead screw nut, a lead screw nut top plate, a lead screw, a stand column, a ball lead screw tank cover plate, a bearing cover plate, a worm and gear tank, an ultrasonic main shaft fixture, a three-direction force sensor, a sensor fixed baseplate, a stand column connecting plate, a ball lead screw tank, a servo motor, a worm step shaft, a turbine and a ball lead screw tank cover plate. The ultrasonic cutting adjustment device can adjust the magnitude of cutting force in real time in the cutting process, is suitable for machining parts with weak rigidity, can improve the machining precision, and improves the machining efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machining field, be specifically related to aeroge ultrasonic cutting adjusting device and cutting process.
Background technology
Aerogel material is widely used for oil, in chemical industry and metallurgy industry.But because the rigidity of aerogel material is more weak, adding man-hour, if cutting force is comparatively large, then can destroying workpiece, cannot process.
And ultrasonic vibration cutting technology is the processing method of supersonic frequency vibration cutter being applied to a specific direction in traditional turning process, the size and Orientation of its cutting force is all in cyclically-varying, this change improves the stressing conditions of whole process, under the impact of ultrasonic vibration, original stiction passive frictional force replaces, make the main cutting force of ultrasonic vibration cutting drop to 1/10 of conventional cutting, ultrasonic vibration cutting therefore can be adopted to process aerogel material part.
Adding man-hour to aeroge, cutting force only has tens newton (N), when cutting force is larger, can destroys workpiece, and when cutting force is too small, stock-removing efficiency can be caused again too low.Therefore adding man-hour to aeroge, the real-time Detection and adjustment of cutting force is the key technology of turnery processing aeroge part.There is no special for aeroge ultrasonic cutting adjusting device at present.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art in the present invention, propose a kind of ultrasonic cutting adjusting device and cutting process.
A kind of ultrasonic cutting adjusting device, comprise box bottom, clutch shaft bearing, bearing upper end cover, first belt, first belt wheel, feed screw nut, feed screw nut top board, leading screw, column, ball-screw box cover, bearing cover, leading screw second bearing, worm screw clutch shaft bearing, worm gear case, ultrasonic chief axis fixture, three-dimensional force transducer, sensor fixed base plate, second belt, worm screw second bearing, upright post connecting plate, ball-screw casing, first servomotor, second belt wheel, second servomotor, worm gear multidiameter, worm gear clutch shaft bearing, turbine, ball-screw box cover, worm gear second bearing, worm gear second bearing (ball) cover, second belt wheel.
Ball-screw box bottom has a blind hole, be used for placing leading screw clutch shaft bearing, clutch shaft bearing outer ring is located by box bottom, and inner ring fixes leading screw.The bearing upper end cover of clutch shaft bearing is connected with box bottom by bolt.Ball-screw box cover has a counter sink, be used for placing leading screw second bearing, the upper end of leading screw second bearing is fixed by bearing cover.Leading screw second bearing outer ring is located by ball-screw box cover, and inner ring fixes leading screw.One end of leading screw is connected with the first belt wheel by flat key; First servomotor is bolted on ball-screw cabinet shell, and the output shaft of the first servomotor is by the first belt drive first belt wheel.Two root post bottoms are connected with ball top board by bolt, and the two root post other ends are through ball-screw box cover, and be connected with upright post connecting plate by bolt, upright post connecting plate is fixedly connected with worm gear case by bolt.Ball top board is bolted on feed screw nut.Ball-screw box side one end is connected with leading screw box bottom by bolt, the other end is connected with ball-screw box cover by bolt, ball-screw casing side is provided with dovetail groove, feed screw nut top board and dovetail groove are connected, a side panel of worm gear case has a blind hole, in order to place worm gear clutch shaft bearing, the outer ring of clutch shaft bearing is located by worm gear case, and the inner ring of clutch shaft bearing fixes worm gear multidiameter.Side panel corresponding with the side panel having blind hole on worm gear case is connected with the ball-screw box cover with through hole by bolt, this through hole is in order to place worm gear second bearing, on ball-screw box cover, the side of through hole is fixed with turbine second bearing (ball) cover, the outer ring of turbine second bearing is located by ball-screw box cover, inner ring fixed turbine axle.Two other side plate of worm gear case has a blind hole, in order to place worm screw clutch shaft bearing, worm screw second bearing, the outer ring of clutch shaft bearing, worm screw second bearing is located respectively by worm gear case, and the inner ring of worm screw clutch shaft bearing, worm screw second bearing fixes worm screw at two ends respectively.Worm and gear is by the second belt transmitting torque.One end of worm screw is connected with the second belt wheel by flat key, and the second servomotor is bolted on worm gear case, and the output shaft of the second servomotor is by the second belt drive second belt wheel.Worm gear multidiameter is connected with sensor fixed base plate by flat key, and three-dimensional force transducer is bolted on sensor fixed base plate, and ultrasonic chief axis shell fixture is bolted on three-dimensional force transducer.Ultrasonic chief axis is by the tools for bolts ' pretension above fixture.
A cutting process for ultrasonic cutting adjusting device, specifically comprises the following steps:
The first step, is first arranged on aeroge part on lathe spindle fixture, then apparatus of the present invention are moved to distance part correct position by the longitudinal feed mechanism of lathe saddle.Open the first servomotor and by the first belt transmission, the first belt wheel be fixed on above leading screw is driven to rotate, vertically rise to drive the ball top board in ball-screw-transmission pair, drive two columns on ball top board, upper cover plate through ball-screw casing promotes whole worm gear case and rises, when the ultrasonic chief axis that worm gear case clamps is increased to distance part correct position, the first servomotor stops operating.
Open the second servomotor, rotated to drive worm screw by the second belt and the second belt wheel transmission, worm screw clutch shaft bearing is equipped with at worm screw two ends, second bearing ensures that worm screw can all the time along own axis, the mode engaged by worm and gear drives turbine rotation, turbine is connected to the turbine clutch shaft bearing installed on casing and box cover respectively by turbine multidiameter, second bearing is to ensure along own axis, turbine is rotated by multidiameter connecting sensor fixed base plate, and three-dimensional force transducer is fixed on base plate by bolt by ultrasonic chief axis shell clamp base, thus, holder ultrasonic chief axis rotates along multidiameter axis.When the cutting element of ultrasonic chief axis progressively rotates to during near aeroge part, the second servomotor stops operating.
Now, whole topping machanism is in preparation Working position.
Second step, opens lathe, and lathe spindle drives aeroge part to rotate, open the second servomotor, drive ultrasonic chief axis cutting element turn to just contact part position time, now tool setting is complete, stop the second servomotor to rotate, mobile lathe carriage makes whole topping machanism away from part.Open the first servomotor, make it to stop operating when driving ultrasonic chief axis to drop to certain altitude, this falling head is defined as amount of feeding when carrying out a ultrasonic vibration cutting.
Control lathe carriage advance and start processing, in process, according to the different appearance and sizes of required part, open the first servomotor in real time, make it drive ultrasonic chief axis cutting element to raise or reduce, with satisfied cutting requirement.Simultaneously, three-dimensional force transducer fixing below ultrasonic chief axis shell fixture is real-time to PLC feedback voltage signal in process, when the voltage signal detected exceedes safe voltage peak and cutting force is excessive, PLC controls unlatching second servomotor, drive ultrasonic chief axis towards slowly rotating away from part direction, in rotation process, when voltage signal is returned within the scope of safe voltage, PLC controls the second servomotor and stops operating.In like manner, when the voltage signal detected is lower than safe voltage minimum, PLC controls unlatching second servomotor, ultrasonic chief axis is driven slowly to rotate towards near part direction, in rotation process, when voltage signal is returned within the scope of safe voltage, PLC controls the second servomotor and stops operating.
3rd step, after part machines, control lathe saddle and slip crate are towards moving away from part direction.Open the first servomotor, the second servomotor and topping machanism is returned initial position and ultrasonic chief axis drops to extreme lower position and pivot angle goes to 0 °, stop the first servomotor, the second servomotor rotates, completion of processing.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the ultrasonic cutting adjusting device in the present invention, can adjust cutting force size in real time in working angles, is applicable to the processing of weak separation part, can improves machining accuracy, improve working (machining) efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is ultrasonic cutting device front view;
Fig. 2 is ultrasonic cutting device left view;
Fig. 3 (a) is ultrasonic cutting device profile A-A;
Fig. 3 (b) is ultrasonic cutting device profile B-B;
Fig. 3 (c) is ultrasonic cutting device profile C-C;
Fig. 3 (d) is ultrasonic cutting device part sectioned view D.
Detailed description of the invention
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 2, a kind of ultrasonic cutting adjusting device, comprise box bottom 1, clutch shaft bearing 2, bearing upper end cover 3, first belt 4, first belt wheel 5, feed screw nut 6, feed screw nut top board 7, leading screw 8, column 9, ball-screw box cover 10, bearing cover 11, leading screw second bearing 12, worm screw clutch shaft bearing 13, worm gear case 14, ultrasonic chief axis fixture 15, three-dimensional force transducer 16, sensor fixed base plate 17, second belt 18, worm screw second bearing 19, upright post connecting plate 20, ball-screw casing 21, first servomotor 22, second belt wheel 23, second servomotor 24, worm gear multidiameter 25, worm gear clutch shaft bearing 26, turbine 27, ball-screw box cover 28, worm gear second bearing 29, worm gear second bearing (ball) cover 30, second belt wheel 31.
Ball-screw box bottom 1 has a blind hole, be used for placing leading screw clutch shaft bearing 2, this bearing outer ring is located by box bottom 1, and inner ring fixes leading screw 8.The bearing upper end cover 3 of clutch shaft bearing 2 is connected with box bottom 1 by bolt.Ball-screw box cover 10 has a counter sink, be used for placing leading screw second bearing 12, the upper end of leading screw second bearing 12 is fixed by bearing cover 11.Leading screw second bearing 12 outer ring is located by ball-screw box cover 10, and inner ring fixes leading screw 8.One end of leading screw 8 is connected with the first belt wheel 5 by flat key; First servomotor 22 is bolted on ball-screw cabinet shell 21, and the output shaft of the first servomotor 22 drives the first belt wheel 5 by the first belt 4.Two root post 9 bottoms are connected with ball top board 7 by bolt, and two root post 9 other ends are through ball-screw box cover 10, and be connected with upright post connecting plate 20 by bolt, upright post connecting plate 20 is fixedly connected with worm gear case 14 by bolt.Ball top board 7 is bolted on feed screw nut 6.Ball-screw box side one end is connected with leading screw box bottom 1 by bolt, the other end is connected with ball-screw box cover 10 by bolt, ball-screw casing side is provided with dovetail groove, feed screw nut top board and dovetail groove are connected, a side panel of worm gear case 14 has a blind hole, in order to place worm gear clutch shaft bearing 26, the outer ring of clutch shaft bearing 26 is located by worm gear case 14, and the inner ring of clutch shaft bearing 26 fixes worm gear multidiameter.Side panel corresponding with the side panel having blind hole on worm gear case 14 is connected with the ball-screw box cover 28 with through hole by bolt, this through hole is in order to place worm gear second bearing 29, on ball-screw box cover 28, the side of through hole is fixed with turbine second bearing (ball) cover 30, the outer ring of turbine second bearing 29 is located by ball-screw box cover 28, inner ring fixed turbine axle.Two other side plate of worm gear case 14 has a blind hole, in order to place worm screw clutch shaft bearing 13, worm screw second bearing 19, the outer ring of clutch shaft bearing 13, worm screw second bearing 19 is located respectively by worm gear case, and the inner ring of worm screw clutch shaft bearing 13, worm screw second bearing 19 fixes worm screw 27 at two ends respectively.Worm and gear is by the second belt 18 transmitting torque.One end of worm screw 27 is connected with the second belt wheel 31 by flat key, and the second servomotor 24 is bolted on worm gear case 14, and the output shaft of the second servomotor 24 drives the second belt wheel 31 by the second belt 18.Worm gear multidiameter 25 is connected with sensor fixed base plate 17 by flat key, and three-dimensional force transducer 16 is bolted on sensor fixed base plate 17, and ultrasonic chief axis shell fixture 15 is bolted on three-dimensional force transducer 16.Ultrasonic chief axis is by the tools for bolts ' pretension above fixture 15.
Carry out ultrasonic vibration cutting and add man-hour, the first step, first aeroge part is arranged on lathe spindle fixture, then apparatus of the present invention are moved to distance part correct position by the longitudinal feed mechanism of lathe saddle.As Fig. 3 b, open the first servomotor 22 and by the first belt 4 transmission, the first belt wheel 5 be fixed on above leading screw 8 is driven to rotate, vertically rise to drive the ball top board 7 in ball-screw-transmission pair, as shown in Figure 3 a, drive two columns 9 on ball top board 7, the upper cover plate 10 through ball-screw casing 21 promotes whole worm gear case 14 and rises, when the ultrasonic chief axis of clamping on worm gear case 14 is increased to distance part correct position, the first servomotor 21 stops operating.
Open the second servomotor 24, as Fig. 3 c, rotated to drive worm screw 31 by the second belt 23 and the second belt wheel 18 transmission, worm screw clutch shaft bearing 13 is equipped with at worm screw two ends, second bearing 19 ensures that worm screw can all the time along own axis, as part sectioned view 3d, the mode engaged by worm and gear drives turbine 27 to rotate, turbine 27 is connected to the turbine clutch shaft bearing 26 installed on casing and box cover respectively by turbine multidiameter 25, second bearing 29 is to ensure along own axis, turbine 27 is rotated by multidiameter 25 connecting sensor fixed base plate 17, and by bolt, three-dimensional force transducer 16 is fixed on base plate bottom ultrasonic chief axis shell fixture 15, thus, fixture 15 clamps ultrasonic chief axis and rotates along multidiameter 25 axis.When the cutting element of ultrasonic chief axis progressively rotates to during near aeroge part, the second servomotor 24 stops operating.
Now, whole topping machanism is in preparation Working position.
Second step, open lathe, lathe spindle drives aeroge part to rotate, open the second servomotor 24, drive ultrasonic chief axis cutting element turn to just contact part position time, now tool setting is complete, and stop the second servomotor to rotate 24, mobile lathe carriage makes whole topping machanism away from part.Open the first servomotor 22, make it to stop operating when driving ultrasonic chief axis to drop to certain altitude, this falling head is defined as amount of feeding when carrying out a ultrasonic vibration cutting.
Control lathe carriage advance and start processing, in process, according to the different appearance and sizes of required part, open the first servomotor 22 in real time, make it drive ultrasonic chief axis cutting element to raise or reduce, with satisfied cutting requirement.Simultaneously, three-dimensional force transducer 16 fixing below ultrasonic chief axis shell fixture 15 is real-time to PLC feedback voltage signal in process, when the voltage signal detected exceedes safe voltage peak and cutting force is excessive, PLC controls unlatching second servomotor 24, drive ultrasonic chief axis towards slowly rotating away from part direction, in rotation process, when voltage signal is returned within the scope of safe voltage, PLC controls the second servomotor 24 and stops operating.In like manner, when the voltage signal detected is lower than safe voltage minimum, PLC controls unlatching second servomotor 24, ultrasonic chief axis is driven slowly to rotate towards near part direction, in rotation process, when voltage signal is returned within the scope of safe voltage, PLC controls the second servomotor 24 and stops operating.
3rd step, after part machines, control lathe saddle and slip crate are towards moving away from part direction.Open the first servomotor 22, second servomotor 24 and topping machanism is returned initial position and ultrasonic chief axis drops to extreme lower position and pivot angle goes to 0 °, stop the first servomotor 22, second servomotor 24 to rotate, completion of processing.
Claims (2)
1. a ultrasonic cutting adjusting device, comprise box bottom, clutch shaft bearing, bearing upper end cover, first belt, first belt wheel, feed screw nut, feed screw nut top board, leading screw, column, ball-screw box cover, bearing cover, leading screw second bearing, worm screw clutch shaft bearing, worm gear case, ultrasonic chief axis fixture, three-dimensional force transducer, sensor fixed base plate, second belt, worm screw second bearing, upright post connecting plate, ball-screw casing, first servomotor, second belt wheel, second servomotor, worm gear multidiameter, worm gear clutch shaft bearing, turbine, ball-screw box cover, worm gear second bearing, worm gear second bearing (ball) cover, second belt wheel,
It is characterized in that: ball-screw box bottom has a blind hole, be used for placing leading screw clutch shaft bearing, clutch shaft bearing outer ring is located by box bottom, and inner ring fixes leading screw; The bearing upper end cover of clutch shaft bearing is connected with box bottom by bolt; Ball-screw box cover has a counter sink, be used for placing leading screw second bearing, the upper end of leading screw second bearing is fixed by bearing cover; Leading screw second bearing outer ring is located by ball-screw box cover, and inner ring fixes leading screw; One end of leading screw is connected with the first belt wheel by flat key; First servomotor is bolted on ball-screw cabinet shell, and the output shaft of the first servomotor is by the first belt drive first belt wheel; Two root post bottoms are connected with ball top board by bolt, and the two root post other ends are through ball-screw box cover, and be connected with upright post connecting plate by bolt, upright post connecting plate is fixedly connected with worm gear case by bolt; Ball top board is bolted on feed screw nut; Ball-screw box side one end is connected with leading screw box bottom by bolt, the other end is connected with ball-screw box cover by bolt, ball-screw casing side is provided with dovetail groove, feed screw nut top board and dovetail groove are connected, a side panel of worm gear case has a blind hole, in order to place worm gear clutch shaft bearing, the outer ring of clutch shaft bearing is located by worm gear case, and the inner ring of clutch shaft bearing fixes worm gear multidiameter; Side panel corresponding with the side panel having blind hole on worm gear case is connected with the ball-screw box cover with through hole by bolt, this through hole is in order to place worm gear second bearing, on ball-screw box cover, the side of through hole is fixed with turbine second bearing (ball) cover, the outer ring of turbine second bearing is located by ball-screw box cover, inner ring fixed turbine axle; Two other side plate of worm gear case has a blind hole, in order to place worm screw clutch shaft bearing, worm screw second bearing, the outer ring of clutch shaft bearing, worm screw second bearing is located respectively by worm gear case, and the inner ring of worm screw clutch shaft bearing, worm screw second bearing fixes worm screw at two ends respectively; Worm and gear is by the second belt transmitting torque; One end of worm screw is connected with the second belt wheel by flat key, and the second servomotor is bolted on worm gear case, and the output shaft of the second servomotor is by the second belt drive second belt wheel; Worm gear multidiameter is connected with sensor fixed base plate by flat key, and three-dimensional force transducer is bolted on sensor fixed base plate, and ultrasonic chief axis shell fixture is bolted on three-dimensional force transducer; Ultrasonic chief axis is by the tools for bolts ' pretension above fixture.
2. a cutting process for ultrasonic cutting adjusting device, is characterized in that, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
The first step, is first arranged on lathe spindle fixture by aeroge part, moves to distance part correct position by the longitudinal feed mechanism of lathe saddle; Open the first servomotor and by the first belt transmission, the first belt wheel be fixed on above leading screw is driven to rotate, vertically rise to drive the ball top board in ball-screw-transmission pair, drive two columns on ball top board, upper cover plate through ball-screw casing promotes whole worm gear case and rises, when the ultrasonic chief axis that worm gear case clamps is increased to distance part correct position, the first servomotor stops operating;
Open the second servomotor, rotated to drive worm screw by the second belt and the second belt wheel transmission, worm screw clutch shaft bearing is equipped with at worm screw two ends, second bearing ensures that worm screw can all the time along own axis, the mode engaged by worm and gear drives turbine rotation, turbine is connected to the turbine clutch shaft bearing installed on casing and box cover respectively by turbine multidiameter, second bearing is to ensure along own axis, turbine is rotated by multidiameter connecting sensor fixed base plate, and three-dimensional force transducer is fixed on base plate by bolt by ultrasonic chief axis shell clamp base, thus, holder ultrasonic chief axis rotates along multidiameter axis, when the cutting element of ultrasonic chief axis progressively rotates to during near aeroge part, the second servomotor stops operating,
Now, whole topping machanism is in preparation Working position;
Second step, opens lathe, and lathe spindle drives aeroge part to rotate, open the second servomotor, drive ultrasonic chief axis cutting element turn to just contact part position time, now tool setting is complete, stop the second servomotor to rotate, mobile lathe carriage makes whole topping machanism away from part; Open the first servomotor, make it to stop operating when driving ultrasonic chief axis to drop to certain altitude, this falling head is defined as amount of feeding when carrying out a ultrasonic vibration cutting;
Control lathe carriage advance and start processing, in process, according to the different appearance and sizes of required part, open the first servomotor in real time, make it drive ultrasonic chief axis cutting element to raise or reduce, with satisfied cutting requirement; Simultaneously, three-dimensional force transducer fixing below ultrasonic chief axis shell fixture is real-time to PLC feedback voltage signal in process, when the voltage signal detected exceedes safe voltage peak and cutting force is excessive, PLC controls unlatching second servomotor, drive ultrasonic chief axis towards slowly rotating away from part direction, in rotation process, when voltage signal is returned within the scope of safe voltage, PLC controls the second servomotor and stops operating; In like manner, when the voltage signal detected is lower than safe voltage minimum, PLC controls unlatching second servomotor, ultrasonic chief axis is driven slowly to rotate towards near part direction, in rotation process, when voltage signal is returned within the scope of safe voltage, PLC controls the second servomotor and stops operating;
3rd step, after part machines, control lathe saddle and slip crate are towards moving away from part direction; Open the first servomotor, the second servomotor and topping machanism is returned initial position and ultrasonic chief axis drops to extreme lower position and pivot angle goes to 0 °, stop the first servomotor, the second servomotor rotates, completion of processing.
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CN110286049A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-09-27 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Ultrasonic cutting friction wear testing machine and emulation ultrasonic cutting processing method |
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