CN104923263A - Composite photocatalytic water splitting catalyst and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite photocatalytic water splitting catalyst and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104923263A CN104923263A CN201510260324.3A CN201510260324A CN104923263A CN 104923263 A CN104923263 A CN 104923263A CN 201510260324 A CN201510260324 A CN 201510260324A CN 104923263 A CN104923263 A CN 104923263A
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- photocatalytic water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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Abstract
The invention provides a composite photocatalytic water splitting catalyst and a preparation method thereof. Pt-based alloy is composited on a prepared ZnxCd<1-x>S semiconductor material to obtain the composite photocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production catalyst. By adopting the preparation method, the semiconductor can be tightly combined with metal, so that the catalytic hydrogen production efficiency of the semiconductor can be improved; the prepared photocatalytic water splitting hydrogen production catalyst has good photocataytic hydrogen production effect under the radiation of the light, and the photocatalytic stability is high. In addition, Pt-based alloy is used for substituting pure Pt as assistant catalyst, so that the hydrogen production efficiency of the catalyst is improved, the consumption of precious metal is also reduced, and important significance on developing and utilizing the solar hydrogenation production technology can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photocatalysis technology field, particularly relate to compound photocatalytic water Catalysts and its preparation method.
Background technology
Face the 21 century of significant challenge at the energy and environmental problem, Hydrogen Energy is widely regarded as following clean energy resource carrier, and it is with a wide range of applications in fields such as Cleaning Equipment, family's heating and hydrogen power generations.Produce hydrogen methods relative to the catalytic reforming consuming gas fuel at present, solar energy photocatalytic hydrolysis is produced hydrogen research and is considered to one of optimal path solving following regenerative resource.Since Fujishima and the Honda discovery seventies in last century TiO
2since can be used in photocatalysis Decomposition aquatic products hydrogen, each state has all dropped into large quantifier elimination.Up to now, with TiO
2for the photochemical catalyst decomposition water of the ultraviolet light response of representative makes great progress, but the proportion of UV energy (λ <400nm) in solar spectrum is less than 5%, the energy (400< λ <750nm) of visible ray but accounts for about 43% of solar energy simultaneously.Therefore Study and Development goes out efficient visible light catalyst is the key that conductor photocatalysis decomposes the application of aquatic products hydrogen technological direction.
In the semiconductor catalysis material of photodissociation aquatic products hydrogen, CdS and ZnS is two kinds of important photochemical catalysts.Wherein the energy gap of CdS is 2.4eV, can absorb the visible ray of λ <510nm, but its problem unstable under there is illumination condition.The band gap of the 3.6eV of ZnS only responds ultraviolet light.Produce hydrogen under visible light illumination by transient metal doped ZnS, but its photocatalytic activity is not high.Studies have found that the solid solution Zn that both are formed recently
xcd
1-xs has more excellent band structure and stable catalytic activity, is a kind of desirable visible light catalytic material.Zn after formation solid solution
xcd
1-xs conduction band positions is more negative than CdS, means that its hydrogen generation efficiency can higher than CdS catalyst, this advantage confirm by nearest related experiment report.
Because photochemical catalyzing comprises opto-electronic conversion, the multiple physical and chemical process such as separation of charge and migration, single catalyst is difficult to the requirement independently meeting each process, therefore causes hydrogen generation efficiency not high.Noble metal-semiconductor nano compound system is utilized to become the important means improving Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Production activity.In this structure, metal contacts with semiconductor surface, and the Schottky barrier of formation becomes effective trap of capturing excitation electron, facilitates the separation of photo-generated carrier, inhibits the compound in electronics and hole.The introducing of noble metal also reduces the ultra-voltage of reduction reaction simultaneously, and then improves the activity of catalyst.In the relevant report of noble metal-conductor photocatalysis system, phenomenon merited attention be this composite construction general choice simple substance noble metal as co-catalyst, the syncatalytic semiconductors coupling structure report of relevant alloy is seldom.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the compound photocatalytic water Catalysts and its preparation method that a kind of catalytic efficiency is high, stability is high.
In order to achieve the above object, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of compound photocatalytic water catalyst, it comprises Zn
xcd
1-xs Nano semiconductor particle, and growth is at described Zn
xcd
1-xthe Pt base alloy nanoparticle of S Nano semiconductor particle surface, wherein, 0<x<1.
Second aspect, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of compound photocatalytic water catalyst, comprises the following steps:
A. solubility Zn salt, Cd salt are dissolved in organic solvent, and add S
2-organic solution, 160 ~ 180 DEG C reaction 1 ~ 2h, be cooled to 120 ~ 130 DEG C;
B. in the reactant liquor of steps A, add the mixed organic solvents of solubility Pt salt, reducing agent and soluble metallic salt, be warming up at 170 ~ 180 DEG C of reaction 1 ~ 2h, at inert protective atmosphere borehole cooling;
C. the reactant liquor that step B obtains is isolated sediment, dry, obtain target product.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by the Zn in preparation
xcd
1-xcompound Pt base alloy on the material of S semiconductor, obtains a kind of compound photodissociation aquatic products hydrogen catalyst.Preparation method provided by the invention can realize combining closely of semiconductor and metal, is conducive to the catalyzing manufacturing of hydrogen efficiency improving semiconductor; The compound photodissociation aquatic products hydrogen catalyst obtained has good Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Production effect under visible light exposure, and its light-catalysed stability is high.Utilize Pt base alloy to carry out alternative pure Pt as co-catalyst in addition, while the hydrogen generation efficiency improving catalyst, additionally reduce noble metal dosage, this development and utilization for solar hydrogen making technology has positive effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is CoPt alloy-Zn prepared by the embodiment of the present invention one
xcd
1-xthe Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Production rate of S material;
Fig. 2 is the XRD collection of illustrative plates of sample prepared by the embodiment of the present invention one.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of compound photocatalytic water catalyst, it comprises Zn
xcd
1-xs Nano semiconductor particle, and growth is at described Zn
xcd
1-xthe Pt base alloy nanoparticle of S Nano semiconductor particle surface, wherein, 0<x<1.
Preferably, described Zn
xcd
1-xin S Nano semiconductor particle, 0.3<x<0.7
Preferably, described each constituent mass percentage is as follows:
Zn
xcd
1-xs Nano semiconductor particle 95% ~ 99.5%;
Pt base alloy nanoparticle: 0.5% ~ 5%.
Preferably, described Pt base alloy comprises FePt, CoPt, NiPt and CuPt alloy.Preferred, in described Pt base alloy, Pt element molar percentage is 40% ~ 80%
Preferably, described Zn
xcd
1-xs Nano semiconductor particle size is that 10 ~ 20nm, Pt base alloy nanoparticle is of a size of 3-5nm.
Second aspect, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of compound photocatalytic water catalyst, comprises the following steps:
A. solubility Zn salt, Cd salt are dissolved in organic solvent, and add S
2-organic solution, 160 ~ 180 DEG C reaction 1 ~ 2h, be cooled to 120 ~ 130 DEG C;
B. in the reactant liquor of steps A, add the mixed organic solvents of solubility Pt salt, reducing agent and soluble metallic salt, be warming up at 170 ~ 180 DEG C of reaction 1 ~ 2h, at inert protective atmosphere borehole cooling;
C. the reactant liquor that step B obtains is isolated sediment, dry, obtain target product.
Preferably, described solubility Zn salt, Cd salt, solubility Pt salt and soluble metallic salt adopt villaumite respectively, and organic solvent adopts ethylene glycol.Concrete, described solubility Zn salt is ZnCl
2, described solubility Cd salt is CdCl
2, described solubility Pt salt is H
2ptCl
6.
Preferably, in described step B, soluble metallic salt comprises the soluble-salt of Fe, Co, Ni and Cu.Concrete, can FeCl be adopted
2, CoCl
2, NiCl
2and CuCl
2.
Preferably, in described step B, reducing agent comprises hexadecane diol.
For a better understanding of the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention done and describe in detail further.
Embodiment 1
First, by 272.6mg ZnCl
2, 456.7mg CdCl
22.5H2O adds in there-necked flask, adds the ethylene glycol of 25ml, and there-necked flask one termination nitrogen inlet, thermometer is inserted in one end.Heat up with the speed of 30 DEG C/10min and keep magnetic agitation simultaneously.On the other hand, 960.72mg Na is taken
2s9H
2o is dissolved in 20ml ethylene glycol.When reacting there-necked flask temperature and reaching 170 DEG C, add 20ml lentamente with dropper and dissolved Na
2s9H
2the ethylene glycol mixed solution of O, after adding, reaction temperature drops to about 130 DEG C, maintains 130 DEG C and keeps magnetic agitation reaction 5min.
Taking 20mg hexadecane diol adds in there-necked flask, maintains 130 DEG C equally and keeps magnetic agitation reaction 10min.Adding the concentration that 0.583ml configures is the H of 1g/100ml
2ptCl
66H
2the concentration that O ethylene glycol mixed solution and 0.203ml configure is the CoCl of 0.5g/100ml
26H
2o ethylene glycol mixed solution, is slowly warming up to 180 DEG C with the speed of 2 DEG C/min, keeps magnetic agitation to maintain 1.5h at this temperature.After having reacted, drop to normal temperature in maintenance magnetic agitation and logical nitrogen environment.The precipitation of gained is Pt
3co-CdZnS Nano semiconductor particle.
Cleaning Pt
3co-CdZnS: precipitation is moved in centrifuge tube.Add absolute ethyl alcohol, carry out centrifugal 5 minutes with rotating speed 5000 revs/min.After being outwelled by transparent supernatant, add deionized water, again centrifugal in the same way.Repeat 3 ~ 4 times can clean up.Final precipitation is placed in the drying equipments such as vacuum drying chamber carries out drying at temperature 80 DEG C ± 5 DEG C with the condition of pressure 0.01-0.1MPa, obtains clean Pt
3co-CdZnS Nano semiconductor particle.
Adopt the XRD instrument that Japanese Shimadzu Corporation produces, at room temperature, the angle of diffraction is 20-70 degree, carries out XRD test to composite photo catalyst powder, and test result as shown in Figure 2.Analysis result shows, sample crystallinity prepared by the present invention is obvious, has the crystal characteristic of cubic sphalerite structure.
The hydrogen-producing speed of hydrogen on-line analysis tester measurement target product under the radiation of visible light of λ >420nm adopting Beijing Jin Yuan scientific & technical corporation to produce, obtains the thermal conductivity curve shown in Fig. 1.As shown in Figure 1: the Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Production speed after CdZnS semiconductors coupling CoPt alloy obviously strengthens, and wherein composition is Co
0.2pt
0.8, Co
0.24pt
0.76alloy compound CdZnS semiconductor after catalytic efficiency higher than the catalytic efficiency after equal in quality Pt compound.
Embodiment 2
First, by 272.6mg ZnCl
2, 456.7mg CdCl
22.5H2O adds in there-necked flask, adds the ethylene glycol of 25ml, and there-necked flask one termination nitrogen inlet, thermometer is inserted in one end.Heat up with the speed of 30 DEG C/10min and keep magnetic agitation simultaneously.On the other hand, 960.72mg Na is taken
2s9H
2o is dissolved in 20ml ethylene glycol.When reacting there-necked flask temperature and reaching 170 DEG C, add 20ml lentamente with dropper and dissolved Na
2s9H
2the ethylene glycol mixed solution of O, after adding, reaction temperature drops to about 130 DEG C, maintains 130 DEG C and keeps magnetic agitation reaction 5min.
Taking 20mg hexadecane diol adds in there-necked flask, maintains 130 DEG C equally and keeps magnetic agitation reaction 10min.Add the H that 0.583ml configures
2ptCl
66H
2the concentration that O ethylene glycol mixed solution and 0.179ml configure is the FeCl of 1g/100ml
26H
2o ethylene glycol mixed solution, to be slowly warming up to 180 DEG C with the speed of 2 DEG C/min, keeps magnetic agitation to maintain 1.5h at this temperature.After having reacted, drop to normal temperature in maintenance magnetic agitation and logical nitrogen environment.The precipitation of gained is Pt
3fe-CdZnS Nano semiconductor particle.
Cleaning Pt
3fe-CdZnS: precipitation is moved in centrifuge tube.Add absolute ethyl alcohol, carry out centrifugal 5 minutes with rotating speed 5000 revs/min.After being outwelled by transparent supernatant, add deionized water, again centrifugal in the same way.Repeat 3 ~ 4 times can clean up.Final precipitation is placed in the drying equipments such as vacuum drying chamber carries out drying at temperature 80 DEG C ± 5 DEG C with the condition of pressure 0.01-0.1MPa, obtains clean Pt
3fe-CdZnS Nano semiconductor particle.
Adopt the XRD instrument that Japanese Shimadzu Corporation produces, at room temperature, the angle of diffraction is 20-80 degree, carries out XRD test to composite photo catalyst powder, test result and Fig. 2 similar.Analysis result shows, sample crystallinity prepared by the present invention is obvious, has the crystal characteristic of cubic sphalerite structure
Adopt Beijing Jin Yuan scientific & technical corporation produce the hydrogen-producing speed of hydrogen on-line analysis tester measurement target product under the radiation of visible light of λ >420nm, the thermal conductivity curve obtained and Fig. 1 similar.Namely the Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Production speed after CdZnS semiconductors coupling FePt alloy obviously strengthens.
Embodiment 3
First, by 272.6mg ZnCl
2, 456.7mg CdCl
22.5H2O adds in there-necked flask, adds the ethylene glycol of 25ml, and there-necked flask one termination nitrogen inlet, thermometer is inserted in one end.Heat up with the speed of 30 DEG C/10min and keep magnetic agitation simultaneously.On the other hand, 960.72mg Na is taken
2s9H
2o is dissolved in 20ml ethylene glycol.When reacting there-necked flask temperature and reaching 170 DEG C, add 20ml lentamente with dropper and dissolved Na
2s9H
2the ethylene glycol mixed solution of O, after adding, reaction temperature drops to about 130 DEG C, maintains 130 DEG C and keeps magnetic agitation reaction 5min.
Taking 20mg hexadecane diol adds in there-necked flask, maintains 130 DEG C equally and keeps magnetic agitation reaction 10min.Adding the concentration that 2.32ml configures is the H of 1g/100ml
2ptCl
66H
2the concentration that O ethylene glycol mixed solution and 0.8ml configure is the CoCl of 0.5g/100ml
26H
2o ethylene glycol mixed solution, is slowly warming up to 180 DEG C with the speed of 2 DEG C/min, keeps magnetic agitation to maintain 1.5h at this temperature.After having reacted, drop to normal temperature in maintenance magnetic agitation and logical nitrogen environment.The precipitation of gained is Pt
3co-CdZnS Nano semiconductor particle.
Cleaning Pt
3co-CdZnS: precipitation is moved in centrifuge tube.Add absolute ethyl alcohol, carry out centrifugal 5 minutes with rotating speed 5000 revs/min.After being outwelled by transparent supernatant, add deionized water, again centrifugal in the same way.Repeat 3 ~ 4 times can clean up.Final precipitation is placed in the drying equipments such as vacuum drying chamber carries out drying at temperature 80 DEG C ± 5 DEG C with the condition of pressure 0.01-0.1MPa, obtains clean Pt
3co-CdZnS Nano semiconductor particle.
Adopt the XRD instrument that Japanese Shimadzu Corporation produces, at room temperature, the angle of diffraction is 20-70 degree, carries out XRD test to composite photo catalyst powder, and test result as shown in Figure 2.Analysis result shows, sample crystallinity prepared by the present invention is obvious, has the crystal characteristic of cubic sphalerite structure
The hydrogen-producing speed of hydrogen on-line analysis tester measurement target product under the radiation of visible light of λ >420nm adopting Beijing Jin Yuan scientific & technical corporation to produce, obtains product hydrogen curve similar to Figure 1.Known that by analysis result the Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Production speed after the CoPt alloy of CdZnS semiconductors coupling 2% mass ratio obviously strengthens.
Embodiment 4
First, by 272.6mg ZnCl
2, 456.7mg CdCl
22.5H2O adds in there-necked flask, adds the ethylene glycol of 25ml, and there-necked flask one termination nitrogen inlet, thermometer is inserted in one end.Heat up with the speed of 30 DEG C/10min and keep magnetic agitation simultaneously.On the other hand, 960.72mg Na is taken
2s9H
2o is dissolved in 20ml ethylene glycol.When reacting there-necked flask temperature and reaching 170 DEG C, add 20ml lentamente with dropper and dissolved Na
2s9H
2the ethylene glycol mixed solution of O, after adding, reaction temperature drops to about 130 DEG C, maintains 130 DEG C and keeps magnetic agitation reaction 5min.
Taking 20mg hexadecane diol adds in there-necked flask, maintains 130 DEG C equally and keeps magnetic agitation reaction 10min.Add the H that 0.197ml configures
2ptCl
66H
2the NiCl that O ethylene glycol mixed solution and 0.189ml configure
26H
2o ethylene glycol mixed solution, to be slowly warming up to 180 DEG C with the speed of 2 DEG C/min, keeps magnetic agitation to maintain 1.5h at this temperature.After having reacted, drop to normal temperature in maintenance magnetic agitation and logical nitrogen environment.The precipitation of gained is Pt
3ni-CdZnS Nano semiconductor particle.
Cleaning PtNi-CdZnS: precipitation is moved in centrifuge tube.Add absolute ethyl alcohol, carry out centrifugal 5 minutes with rotating speed 5000 revs/min.After being outwelled by transparent supernatant, add deionized water, again centrifugal in the same way.Repeat 3 ~ 4 times can clean up.Final precipitation is placed in the drying equipments such as vacuum drying chamber carries out drying at temperature 80 DEG C ± 5 DEG C with the condition of pressure 0.01-0.1MPa, obtains clean Pt
3ni-CdZnS Nano semiconductor particle.
Adopt the XRD instrument that Japanese Shimadzu Corporation produces, at room temperature, the angle of diffraction is 20-70 degree, carries out XRD test to composite photo catalyst powder, test result and Fig. 2 similar.Analysis result shows, sample crystallinity prepared by the present invention is obvious, has the crystal characteristic of cubic sphalerite structure.
Adopt Beijing Jin Yuan scientific & technical corporation produce the hydrogen-producing speed of hydrogen on-line analysis tester measurement target product under the radiation of visible light of λ >420nm, the thermal conductivity curve obtained and Fig. 1 similar.Namely the Photocatalyzed Hydrogen Production speed after CdZnS semiconductors coupling NiPt alloy obviously strengthens.
Claims (10)
1. a compound photocatalytic water catalyst, it comprises Zn
xcd
1-xs Nano semiconductor particle, and growth is at described Zn
xcd
1-xthe Pt base alloy nanoparticle of S Nano semiconductor particle surface, wherein, 0<x<1.
2. compound photocatalytic water catalyst as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: 0.3<x<0.7.
3. compound photocatalytic water catalyst as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described each constituent mass percentage is as follows:
Zn
xcd
1-xs Nano semiconductor particle 95% ~ 99.5%;
Pt base alloy nanoparticle: 0.5% ~ 5%.
4. compound photocatalytic water catalyst as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described Pt base alloy comprises FePt, CoPt, NiPt and CuPt alloy.
5. compound photocatalytic water catalyst as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: in described Pt base alloy, Pt element molar percentage is 40% ~ 80%.
6. compound photocatalytic water catalyst as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described Zn
xcd
1-xs Nano semiconductor particle is cubic sphalerite structure, and described Pt base alloy nanoparticle is face-centred cubic structure.
7. compound photocatalytic water catalyst as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described Zn
xcd
1-xs Nano semiconductor particle size is that 10 ~ 20nm, Pt base alloy nanoparticle is of a size of 3-5nm.
8. a preparation method for compound photocatalytic water catalyst, comprises the following steps:
A. solubility Zn salt, Cd salt are dissolved in organic solvent, and add S
2-organic solution, 160 ~ 180 DEG C reaction 1 ~ 2h, be cooled to 120 ~ 130 DEG C;
B. in the reactant liquor of steps A, add the mixed organic solvents of solubility Pt salt, reducing agent and soluble metallic salt, be warming up at 170 ~ 180 DEG C of reaction 1 ~ 2h, at inert protective atmosphere borehole cooling;
C. the reactant liquor that step B obtains is isolated sediment, dry, obtain target product.
9. the preparation method of compound photocatalytic water catalyst as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: described solubility Zn salt, Cd salt, solubility Pt salt and soluble metallic salt adopt villaumite respectively, and organic solvent adopts ethylene glycol.
10. the preparation method of compound photocatalytic water catalyst as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: in described step B, reducing agent comprises hexadecane diol.
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105214656A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-01-06 | 福州大学 | Gold nano cluster-golden nanometer particle-titanium dioxide composite photocatalyst and application |
CN105289656A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-02-03 | 吉林大学 | Solid solution catalyst for photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce hydrogen, and preparation method thereof |
CN110494220A (en) * | 2017-01-31 | 2019-11-22 | 沙特基础工业全球技术公司 | For effectively generating semiconductor/M1/CD of hydrogenXM1-XS based photocatalyst |
CN111569920A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-25 | 长沙学院 | Tungsten carbide/cadmium zinc sulfide composite photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
CN112044451A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-08 | 江苏大学 | Pt3Co alloy modified atomic layer SnS2Preparation method and application of composite photocatalyst |
-
2015
- 2015-05-20 CN CN201510260324.3A patent/CN104923263B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105214656A (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-01-06 | 福州大学 | Gold nano cluster-golden nanometer particle-titanium dioxide composite photocatalyst and application |
CN105289656A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-02-03 | 吉林大学 | Solid solution catalyst for photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce hydrogen, and preparation method thereof |
CN110494220A (en) * | 2017-01-31 | 2019-11-22 | 沙特基础工业全球技术公司 | For effectively generating semiconductor/M1/CD of hydrogenXM1-XS based photocatalyst |
CN111569920A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-08-25 | 长沙学院 | Tungsten carbide/cadmium zinc sulfide composite photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
CN112044451A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-08 | 江苏大学 | Pt3Co alloy modified atomic layer SnS2Preparation method and application of composite photocatalyst |
CN112044451B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2023-02-17 | 江苏大学 | Pt 3 Atomic layer SnS modified by Co alloy 2 Preparation method and application of composite photocatalyst |
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