CN104918781A - Heat shield - Google Patents
Heat shield Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104918781A CN104918781A CN201380059760.3A CN201380059760A CN104918781A CN 104918781 A CN104918781 A CN 104918781A CN 201380059760 A CN201380059760 A CN 201380059760A CN 104918781 A CN104918781 A CN 104918781A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat shield
- flow channel
- heat
- insulation layer
- thermal insulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/08—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation
- B60R13/0876—Insulating elements, e.g. for sound insulation for mounting around heat sources, e.g. exhaust pipes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
- F16L59/029—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials layered
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
- F16L59/08—Means for preventing radiation, e.g. with metal foil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
- F01N2260/02—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for cooling the device
- F01N2260/022—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for cooling the device using air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
- F01N2310/02—Mineral wool, e.g. glass wool, rock wool, asbestos or the like
Abstract
The present invention relates to a heat shield for shielding of hot areas of a part. Such heat shields are for instance used for shielding hot areas of combustion engines, especially of catalysts, exhaust manifolds, turbo chargers and the like or also in the conditioning of batteries. Conventionally, they comprise at least one metallic sheet layer. In addition to this metal sheet layer, which renders stability to the heat shield, typically an insulating layer made of insulating material, e.g. porous material is provided as a further layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat shield, for the thermal region of shield member.This heat shield is used for the thermal region of the thermal region, particularly catalyst, exhaust manifold, turbocharger etc. such as shielding internal combustion engine, or also for the adjustment of battery.Usually, heat shield comprises at least one sheet-metal layers.Except this makes heat shield present except the sheet-metal layers of stability, usually will by heat-barrier material, such as porous material, the thermal insulation layer made is set to another layer.
Background technology
Before thermal insulation layer does not embed between two metallic plates, by the whole surface applied of this thermal insulation layer to wanting the parts of conductively-closed to be located on these parts.
The operation of internal combustion engine etc. is subject to the impact of load variations, and this causes thermal yield operationally to change.Such as, in order to remain on minimum by discharge capacity and consumption, after internal combustion engine cold start-up, be heated high temperature is immediately necessary.In order to this object, provide heat-barrier material, prevent heat radiation and the convection current of thermal part or heater block to the full extent.On the other hand, when internal combustion engine reaches its oepration at full load state, need to provide heat radiation high as far as possible or convection current, to prevent thermal part or its element over-temperature.Whether these parts non-refractories, this is even more important.
In view of the priority of durability preventing the overheated and heat screen of conductively-closed parts itself, usually in the layout of the heat shield according to prior art, not consider or only to consider on not half that the mode of discharge capacity when reducing cold start-up is necessary to design the layout of heat shield.But, for novel vehicle, particularly for hybrid vehicle, there is the running status of sub-load and there is the operation phase restarted frequently occupy an leading position.For this reason, importantly consider these running statuses largely in the design.
Summary of the invention
This is starting point of the present invention, and object is to provide heat shield, utilizes this heat shield can realize thermal insulation good in all running statuses, but under high thermic load, allows enough heat radiations simultaneously.The invention still further relates to the component assembly parts with the thermal component being arranged on heat shield place of the present invention.
Heat shield according to claim 1 and component according to claim 19 assembling solve this object.The favourable embodiment of heat shield of the present invention is given in dependent claims.
The present invention solves the problems referred to above by the heat shield of the thermal region being provided for shielding one parts, and described heat shield comprises at least one metal level.This metal level contiguous, is provided with another thermal insulation layer extended in the plane of the layer being arranged essentially parallel to this metal level.Thus, described thermal insulation layer is being wanted to extend between the parts of conductively-closed and metal level.These two layers all preferably conform to the outer shape of the parts wanting conductively-closed.Described thermal insulation layer is made up of porous heat insulation material or comprises this material.Advantageously, on the surface of the thermal insulation layer away from metal level, other layer is not set or the profile that is only provided with according to described thermal insulation layer and the layer formed, thermal insulation layer directly or is indirectly positioned on described thermal part.On the surface of the thermal insulation layer away from metal level, described thermal insulation layer comprises at least one flow channel.Described flow channel is formed as the groove in the surface of described thermal insulation layer.
If the whole surface of thermal insulation layer,---this surface point to thermal part---be positioned on thermal part, then thermal part defines the flow channel in thermal insulation layer together with the wall of described groove.Under the high temperature of described thermal part, there is the convection current between described thermal part and described thermal insulation layer through these flow channels, the heat between described thermal part and described thermal insulation layer is guided externally, particularly when this components list reveals high temperature.
Therefore, flow channel of the present invention is directly integrated in porous heat insulation material.Because they are formed as such groove: when heat shield is positioned on thermal part, described groove closes also thus sets up flow channel, therefore can be incorporated in thermal insulation layer by flow channel in a straightforward manner.Utilize according to heat shield of the present invention, advantageously: such as cold parts, the convection current between this parts and heat shield is less, and thus only discharges little heat.But, if these parts have reached higher temperature, the heat radiation that can be increased by the integrated flow channel of heat screen.
For the manufacture simplified most of heat shield and fixing, preferably it is made up of several part shell, and described several part shell is connected to each other to be formed circlewise around the heat shield of parts.Especially advantageously heat shield is made up of two and half shells, and the metal level of their outsides of each freedom of this two and half shell is formed with the thermal insulation layer of their inside.But also a large amount of part shells can be combined into annular enclosed heat shield.Especially preferred is that the shell become by each several part hull shape closes as follows: make at the intersection making described enclosure closed, at least partially flow channel in a flush manner (in a flush manner) pass through.Each several part shell such as, being installed in after around described parts, is connected to each other.In this case, in particular, be connect in neck shape protuberance office, described neck shape ledge is arranged on the fringe region place of all each several part shells.In the same way, described each several part shell can be installed separately.In the embodiment that another is favourable, at least two half shell is connected to each other by a kind of hinge, heat shield can be mounted as a whole.Hinge used herein can be the parts produced separately, and described each several part shell is connected to each other by these parts.But also can be that heat shield comprises bending area, described bending area is set to the integrative-structure in the metal level of heat shield.In this case, described each several part shell be directly combined with each other and from instead of independent parts.
Preferably at least one flow channel comprises at least one for initiatively or passive open and device that is closed or that ventilate.In favourable embodiment, flow channel can have closedown and opening function at their air inlet and gas outlet place, and can be opened or be closed by this way.This makes it possible to the surface temperature controlling described thermal part.In order to this object, advantageously, use the control circuit with temperature sensor, such as, at thermal part place or at heat shield place, especially on its surface.In order to control flow channel, actuator or the thermo-sensitive material that can close due to temperature controlled sensitivity or open passage can also be used.In order to realize the heat radiation improved, the opening of passage must be determined, especially under full-load conditions.
Use free convection by the path of the gas of flow channel or air or realize in passive mode at car engine or use extraly slip-stream (slip stream), or by initiatively blowing, such as, using fan to realize.Can also adjustments of gas in advance.In order to this object, it can use electrical heating or use phase-change material to heat.As an alternative, it can use the air-conditioning of vehicle to cool before the passage through heat shield.
Advantageously, heat-barrier material comprises pile fabric (fleece), such as, utilize the pile fabric that ceramic binder is reinforced.This pile fabric can be molded to preform part.Can also flow channel be molded onto in the surface of pile fabric away from the direction of metal level simultaneously.If needed, extra surface treatment can be provided, such as use ceramic base high temperature adhesive or ceramic base high-temperature coatings or paint, to reinforce the surface of thermal insulation layer by forming epidermis.This high temperature adhesive, coating and paint can tend to the material forming epidermis for the temperature such as between 150 DEG C to 250 DEG C.
Be suitable as heat-barrier material, glass isolator, especially by SiO
2, Al
2o
3and/or the glass isolator that CaO utilizes adhesive to make; Expansion mica (expanded mica), basaltic mineral wool (basalt rock wool), various ceramic block (ceramic mass), expanded clay or the such as high temperature such as polyimides or melamine material.Also can be sandwich, especially there is the sandwich of at least one in above-mentioned material.
Formation and the layout of flow channel can complete in a different manner, and described mode must adapt to heat needs, and this can use wants the thermograph of the thermal part of conductively-closed to estimate.In this, flow channel must adapt to the requirement of dispelling the heat in thermal part, and also must adapt to the needs of heat radiation in the specific region (being called focus) of thermal part in every case.Flow channel can demonstrate various pattern on the surface of thermal insulation layer, such as along the direction extending longitudinally of heat shield or its laterally, with the shape of step of threads or two-stage winding (winding) in the shape of a spiral and/or with several relative to each other with the shape of the flow channel of reverse flow in the shape of a spiral.In most of the cases, preferably heat shield not only comprises single flow channel, but at least two flow channels are formed in thermal insulation layer, independent of each other around described parts.The distance of flow channel can adapt to respective radiating requirements.Therefore, they can be arranged to, in hot spot region closer to each other.The cross section of flow channel can be constant in its path or along their path relative to their height and/or change width, thus can adapt to the demand of local.The total length of flow channel, the pattern of flow channel, several flow channel may collect at their entrance or exit (pooling) can to adapt to each demand to single channel etc.Especially advantageously, the passage in each several part shell is formed as flushing each other, makes around whole parts, realize gas flowing.Preferably given this passage extends along the direction extending longitudinally of heat shield, and this is not necessary certainly.
Especially in hot spot region, the width expanding the passage extended in this region can be favourable, and preferably reduces its height simultaneously.Like this, the contact area between gas and parts is increased and the heat trnasfer improved to gas and heat radiation.The cross section of flow channel, especially in hot spot region, also can change significantly, demonstrate different cross section on the flow direction of gas, makes gas experience disturbance (turbulence), thus improves the heat trnasfer to gas.
In order to improve cooling performance and make the outside thermal map (thermal map) of whole heat shield consistent, at least one first winding be advantageously provided on the side of the heat of thermal insulation layer (as described) and at least one second winding is provided on the outer surface of described thermal insulation layer, obtaining at least one first cooling circuit on the inner surface of thermal insulation layer and at least one second cooling circuit on the outer surface of thermal insulation layer.This makes it possible in different directions or runs the first and second cooling circuits in the same direction.First cooling circuit can be parallel to the second cooling circuit and extend, thus unshift relative to the plane on the surface of thermal insulation layer (shift) or staggered.In addition, they can relative to each other extend as double helix or with to thermal insulation layer in the middle of projection in extending in the mode that a few place is intersected with each other.Especially preferred, owing to which ensure that cooling simple and lasting in vehicle operation, there is not cooling in other stages of vehicle simultaneously and be convenient to heating in second cooling circuit of air-flow by being obtained by the second winding on the outer surface of thermal insulation layer.The inner surface and outer surface of thermal insulation layer use the first and second cooling circuits allow to design according to the requirement of each special operational condition the more chance of thermal map.
The inner surface being substituted in thermal insulation layer forms at least one first winding and on the outer surface of same thermal insulation layer, forms at least one second winding, also the arrangement of at least three layers of thermal insulation layer can be adopted to realize similar design, internal layer has recessed (recess) at least one the first winding, the second layer be continuous print and skin to have at least one the second winding recessed.
10 to 500mm
2area of section, advantageously 30 to 200mm
2area of section, be especially applicable to flow channel.Distance between each flow channel advantageously in the scope of 5 to 100mm, more advantageously between 10 to 50mm.
When the flow channel arranged in screw-shaped mode, on several part shell continuously, their inclined-plane (slope) can between 25 to 100mm, especially about 50mm for described flow channel.In the width of the passage scope advantageously between 3 to 30mm, more advantageously between 4 to 20mm and the most advantageously between 8 to 12mm.Especially the channel height be applicable to is 2 to 20mm, is advantageously 5 to 15mm and is more advantageously 5 to 10mm.
The cross sectional shape of flow channel also can change and such as adapt to actual demand by the cross section that use is semicircular, rectangle or trapezoidal.When trapezoid cross section, longer base side (basic side) can be arranged on thermal part side or side corresponding thereto.
Ω shape (Omega-shaped) cross section is also possible.Especially preferred is arrange flow channel, because this produces good cooling effect along thermal part.But, become the angle between 5 to 45 ° relative to the longitudinal direction of these parts, advantageously about 20 ° angle and the trend tilted also is applicable.In preferred embodiments, the groove forming flow channel at least can demonstrate tapered cross section on its extending longitudinally section, is advantageously tapered in the mode of taper.In addition, this cross section can be tapered at each section and broaden along described groove.
Thermal insulation layer demonstrates the bearing of trend identical with at least one metal level not necessarily.On the contrary, fringe region can not have heat-barrier material, if especially their object is only heat shield to be fixed to thermal part by its metal level.But preferably thermal insulation layer extends to the more than at least 50% of extension plane of covering metal layer, is preferably at least 80%, is preferably at least 90%.
At least one metal level described comprises steel plate or is made up of steel plate, especially corrosion resistant plate, calorize steel plate (aluminated steel sheet), especially fire-resistant calorize steel plate (fire-aluminated steel sheet) and/or aludip etc.Described metallic plate can have the form of smooth metal plate, or it can have indenture (dimpled) at least in part.Most preferably, the outer surface of at least one metal level described has good reflectivity.Therefore, heat shield according to the present invention combines reflection, convection current and insulative properties, and allows the custom design for application-specific.
Heat shield according to the present invention is used for shielding thermal part, the especially parts of internal combustion engine, particularly in vehicle, such as, is mainly passenger vehicle and carrier loader (utility vehicle).Therefore, described heat shield is especially applicable to being applied to exhaust line, especially at exhaust manifold or exhaust treatment unit, supercharging and heat exchanger unit, such as heating the heat exchanger of transmission oil (transmission oil), being used in extra passenger accommodation and adding in thermo-neutrality/or battery adjustment.
Below provide some embodiments of heat shield of the present invention.In all these embodiments, same or analogous Reference numeral is used to represent same or analogous element, to avoid repetition.In the examples below, elements more of the present invention will be represented in conjunction with the embodiments.But each element of the present invention also can represent favourable embodiment of the present invention independent of other elements of corresponding embodiment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the heat shield according to prior art;
Fig. 2 is the heat shield of the present invention be made up of two part shells;
Fig. 3 and 4 is the top view of heat shield of the present invention;
Fig. 5 to 7 is the example of flow channel orientation of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the heat shield with hinge mechanism of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is another example of flow channel orientation of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 illustrates the heat shield 1 with metal level 2.The thermal insulation layer 3 be made up of porous material is arranged to and is arranged essentially parallel to sheet-metal layers 2.Thermal insulation layer 3 to be embedded in metal level 2 and to be reinforced by metal level 2.Metal level 2 is made up of fire-resistant calorize (fire-aluminated) stainless steel, and thermal insulation layer 3 is made up of the glass-fibre pad not containing adhesive.Sheet-metal layers 2 conforms to the geometry of two adjacent parts with their geometry of thermal insulation layer 3, and shows the three dimensional form with protuberance by this way, such as, in region 40.Heat shield 1 in Fig. 1 is actually and combines with the second half shell, and meets prior art.
Fig. 2 schematically shows the structure of the heat shield 1 be made up of two and half shell 1a and 1b with decomposition view.This two and half shell is all set to surround the catalyst 9 as adjacent component in an annular manner.Half shell itself comprises that aluminize or stainless shell 2a, 2b, is wherein embedded with thermal insulation layer 3a, 3b respectively.Different from thermal insulation layer of the prior art, thermal insulation layer 3a, 3b, by forming with the fiberglass packing that ceramic binder is fixing, make half shell for good and all keep its shape.This especially needs for the stability spread over towards the path 10 on the thermal insulation layer surface of parts 9 is lasting.
In figure 3, the top view on the surface towards thermal part there is shown be similar in Fig. 1 but for according to half shell of heat shield 1 of the present invention.Corresponding to the present invention, herein, on the surface of heat shield 1 pointing to thermal part, groove 10a to 10d is molded onto in thermal insulation layer 3, can be flowed by this groove gas between thermal part and thermal insulation layer 3.For this purpose, between its end of groove 10a to 10d, touch the end of (reach to) thermal insulation layer 3, and therefore comprise air inlet 5a to 5d and gas outlet 6a to 6d separately.Groove 10a to 10d in the mounted state herein half shell relaying of unshowned complementation renews and stretches.Groove 10a to 10d demonstrates semicircular cross section substantially, and the depth capacity of its middle slot is 8mm, and the Breadth Maximum of groove is 10mm.
In the diagram, according to half shell of heat shield of the present invention shown in the top view on the surface of sensing thermal part.Herein, thermal insulation layer 3 has been labeled corrugated hacures (hatching).In addition, flow channel is molded as groove 10a to 10g entering surface in the surface of the thermal insulation layer of thermal part, and flow channel passes thermal insulation layer to its edge.The edge 8 of metal level 2 the frontier zone towards the second half shells several regions in neck shape outwardly, and form the abutting region (resting area) of the neck shape projecting edge of corresponding the second half shells by this way.The neck shape projecting edge arriving this one end can comprise the passage opening of the secure component for connecting two and half shells, does not discuss these passage openings in detail herein.As an alternative, complementary edge also can by clamping or block connection to be fixed to one another.
Fig. 5 illustrated in Local map A to D flow channel 10a to 10d is arranged in thermal insulation layer 3 surface on or in surface several may.In fig. 5, provide altogether four flow channel 10a to 10d, its relative to thermal part the longitudinal axis into about 120 ° angle extend.These passages are around these parts and form single continuous passage by this way.This is obtained by the respective cross-section figure in Fig. 5 B, and each several part shell is combination in the diagram in figure 5b.Fig. 5 B is reduced graph, and it does not reflect that channel cross-section 10a to 10d is not parallel to paper and extends but extend, as obtained according to Fig. 5 A as the helical duct tilted to paper.Therefore, the air inlet of passage and gas outlet are positioned at the front and back of paper.
Fig. 5 C also show spirally around path 10 a, 10b, 10c and 10d or their cross section more precisely of thermal part, again gives multi-layer helical herein.Although path 10 a to 10d extends parallel to each other, it is contrary with the gas direction flowed in path 10 b and 10d that this is in the gas direction flowed in path 10 a and 10c.
In figure 5d, show the layout of two flow channel 10a and 10b, it is spirally around thermal part.These passages stagger mutually, and the convolution of two flow channel 10a with 10b (convolution) is extended to replace nested mode.These two flow channels are set to, and their path is effective in lateral flow.
In Local map A to C, Fig. 6 shows the layout of the flow channel of the longitudinal axis being parallel to thermal part.Herein, Fig. 6 A shows the details of thermal insulation layer 3, wherein can identify arranged parallel to each other and linearly extended four flow channel 10a to 10d.
In fig. 6b, the cross section of the layout through the parts corresponding to Fig. 6 A is shown.Path 10 a to 10d is on the direction of its longitudinal direction, and---thus this direction is orthogonal to the plotting planes of Fig. 5 B---extends parallel to each other.In fig. 6b, be appreciated that except path 10 a to 10d, give other passages, and heat shield 1 surrounds thermal part 9 completely and makes its adiabatic and cooling in this way.
In figure 6 c, show the layout of flow channel 10a to 10e, it corresponds to the layout shown in Fig. 6 A and 6B to a great extent, just wherein path 10 a to 10e to extend with the longitudinal axis of thermal part 9 angle into about 20 °, this longitudinal axis horizontal-extending in figure 6 c.
In the figure 7, also show the respective cross-section of thermal insulation layer 3, wherein flow channel 10a to 10h extends at angle with the longitudinal axis of thermal part, and this longitudinal axis flatly extends.In addition, the cross section of flow channel 10a to 10h is compared neither identical also non-constant each other.Especially, the cross section of flow channel 10c to 10f is less than the cross section of path 10 a, 10b and 10g.In addition, path 10 c to 10f distance is each other less, and therefore, the channel density in this region is higher than path 10 a, 10b, 10g and 10h.This layout and the design of flow channel can such as be selected in the hot spot region of thermal part of wanting conductively-closed, and this focus is covered by path 10 c to 10f.Like this, can realize better cooling focus, the same in the hot spot region that coexists, the flow velocity in path 10 c to 10f is high, and further increases the density of passage.
Fig. 8 shows another embodiment according to heat shield of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, heat shield 1 is made up of two and half shell 1a, 1b, but two and half shells described herein are connected to each other by hinge 7.As previously described, half shell 10a, 10b was respectively made up of metal level 2a, 2b of outside and thermal insulation layer 3a, 3b of inside.Ratio between the thickness of sheet-metal layers 2a, 2b and the thickness of corresponding thermal insulation layer 3a and 3b is not proportional.In thermal insulation layer 3a, 3b, the path 10 a to 10d of semi-circular profile is become to continue in paper or outside paper in a spiral manner to extend.When two and half shell 1a, 1b of heat shield 1 utilize hinge 7 to close around parts 9 to be shielded, at another half shell 1b---it cannot illustrate herein---, relaying renews and stretches in the end of path 10 a, 10b in half shell 1a, and forms continuous print spiral by this way.The projecting edge 8 of two and half shell 2a, 2b when closed at least in part with faced by mode abut against each other, and can secure component be used, such as clip or screw, connect.
Fig. 9 shows through comprising parts to be shielded and being set directly at the simplification cross section of assembly of the heat shield on these parts, and this is another embodiment of the present invention.Herein, thermal insulation layer 3 is not single-piece, but by layer 3, the 3', 3 of three almost coaxials " form, the layer 3 of described three almost coaxials, 3', 3 " arrange on the other by such order one.Innermost layer 3 and outermost layer 3 " comprise air flow passage, i.e. outermost layer 3 " in path 10 a to 10d to be defined by metal level 2 and path 10 a' to 10d' in innermost layer is defined by parts 9.The set-up mode in this simplification cross section is corresponding with mode used in Fig. 5 B.Thus, this is a reduced graph, and it does not reflect that path 10 a to 10d and 10a' to 10d' is not parallel to paper separately and extends, but sprawls as the helical duct tilted to paper.Therefore, the air inlet of each passage and gas outlet are positioned at the front and back of paper.Arrow in Fig. 9 indicates in innermost layer 3, and the air in path 10 a' to 10d' flows in a clockwise direction when observer flows in paper, and outermost layer 3 " in path 10 a to 10d viewed from identical visual angle with counterclockwise flowing.This makes another passage of pass effect.If at outermost layer 3 " in path 10 a to 10d in the gas that flows be air stream, then this allows the gas in inner passage to cool very efficiently, does not have adverse effect to warm (warm-up).As the contrary sense of rotation of two groups of passages replacement scheme---passage wherein shown here is by displacement each other, and in outermost layer and innermost layer, identical flow direction and/or parallel layout are also possible.Although from production angle, advantageously heat shield of the present invention is designed to have the thermal insulation layer formed by several insulation material layer, wherein on the inner surface and outer surface of thermal insulation layer, has passage, thermal insulation layer also can be formed by single layer.
Claims (19)
1. the heat shield for the thermal region of shield member (1), there is at least one metal level (2) and thermal insulation layer (3), described thermal insulation layer (3) comprises the porous heat insulation material at least arranged in the section of contiguous described metal level (2), it is characterized in that:
Pointing on the surface away from the described thermal insulation layer (3) of described metal level (2), comprise at least one and be formed in flow channel (10) in described porous heat insulation material, described flow channel (10) extends away from the groove on the surface of the described thermal insulation layer (3) in the direction of described metal level (2) as sensing.
2. the heat shield (1) according to the claims, is characterized in that, described thermal insulation layer (3) extends at least 50% of the extension plane covering described metal level, preferably at least 80%, preferably at least 90%.
3. according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, it is characterized in that, described heat shield is made up of several part shell (1a, 1b), and described part shell surrounds parts (9) in mode closed circlewise under installment state.
4. according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, it is characterized in that, described metal level comprises steel plate or is made up of steel plate, especially corrosion resistant plate, calorize steel plate, especially fiery calorize steel plate and/or aludip etc., particularly with the form of smooth metal plate or at least part of pitted steel plate.
5. according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, it is characterized in that, described heat-barrier material is pile fabric, is advantageously the pile fabric that utilized ceramic binder to reinforce or the pile fabric being molded as profiled part.
6., according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, it is characterized in that, described heat-barrier material is fiberglass fleece, advantageously by SiO
2, Al
2o
3and CaO, or by expansion mica or basaltic mineral wool or ceramic block or expanded clay or high temperature foam, be especially made up, preferably in the layer of different materials of polyimides or melamine or combined material.
7. according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, it is characterized in that, described thermal insulation layer is at least surface treated in subregion, reinforce to realize surface, ceramic base high temperature adhesive or other adhesives is such as utilized to reinforce, utilize ceramic base high temperature lacquer or other adhesives to apply, permeate by compressing and/or process at elevated temperatures.
8. according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, it is characterized in that, one or more flow channel, especially two flow channels, with spaced and mode that is that extend is formed in the surface of described thermal insulation layer.
9. according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, it is characterized in that, the distance between each section with a flow channel in the region of higher heat load of described heat shielding and/or multiple flow channel distance are relative to each other less than the distance had in the region of less heat load.
10., according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, it is characterized in that, shell has self-contained Manzo heart shape, to hold thermal part.
11. according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, it is characterized in that one or more described flow channel, especially two flow channels, be formed in the surface of described thermal insulation layer, described flow channel spaced and with around mode surround the space of hollow at least one times or in multiple times.
12. according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, and it is characterized in that, described shell closes as follows: make the intersection in described enclosure closed, flow channel passes through in a flush manner at least partially.
13. heat shields (1) according in above-mentioned two claims, is characterized in that, form at least two independently of one another around the flow channel of described parts.
14., according to claim 11 to the heat shield (1) described in 13, is characterized in that, the flow channel of at least one spiral surrounding demonstrates the distance changed relative to the principal direction of this spiral between spiral convolution.
15., according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, is characterized in that, the described groove at least forming a flow channel on its extending longitudinally section demonstrates rectangle or square or trapezoidal cross section or advantageously semicircular cross section.
16. according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, it is characterized in that, the described groove at least forming flow channel on its extending longitudinally section demonstrates tapered cross section, is advantageously tapered in the mode of taper and/or described groove demonstrates along the cross section in tapered section of described groove and the section that broadens.
17., according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, is characterized in that, described heat shield (1) also comprises at least one active for flow channel described at least one or the passive closed and/or device that ventilates.
18. according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, described heat shield (1) is for shield member, especially the parts of internal combustion engine, especially exhaust line, especially exhaust manifold or exhaust treatment unit, supercharging and/or heat exchanger unit, such as, for heating the heat exchanger of transmission oil, be used in extra passenger accommodation and add in thermo-neutrality/or battery adjustment.
19. have parts and the component assembly parts according to the heat shield (1) described in the claims, it is characterized in that, described heat shield is arranged on parts (9) place as follows: described thermal insulation layer, and---its surface is pointed to away from direction of the metal level (2) of described heat shield---is at least positioned on the surface of described parts on some sections, and in that region the surface of described parts and the described groove of described flow channel at least on some sections together with form the flow path of fluid or define this flow path.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202012010993.6 | 2012-11-16 | ||
| DE202012010993U DE202012010993U1 (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2012-11-16 | heat shield |
| PCT/EP2013/073870 WO2014076204A1 (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2013-11-14 | Heat shield |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104918781A true CN104918781A (en) | 2015-09-16 |
| CN104918781B CN104918781B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
Family
ID=49680991
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380059760.3A Active CN104918781B (en) | 2012-11-16 | 2013-11-14 | Heat shield |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20150260075A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6178963B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20150084887A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104918781B (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2889958C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE202012010993U1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014076204A1 (en) |
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| CN108491676B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-10-22 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Heat insulation performance simulation analysis method and system of heat shield |
| CN114258456A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2022-03-29 | 爱尔铃克铃尔股份公司 | Shielding element |
| CN115263514A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-11-01 | 陈华清 | Anti-scalding device of motorcycle silencer |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE202012010993U1 (en) | 2013-11-20 |
| JP2015536407A (en) | 2015-12-21 |
| US20150260075A1 (en) | 2015-09-17 |
| KR20150084887A (en) | 2015-07-22 |
| CA2889958C (en) | 2021-02-09 |
| WO2014076204A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
| DE112013005470B4 (en) | 2022-04-28 |
| CN104918781B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
| CA2889958A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
| DE112013005470T5 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
| JP6178963B2 (en) | 2017-08-16 |
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