CN104914018A - 3D contact angle testing device and testing method - Google Patents
3D contact angle testing device and testing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a 3D contact angle testing device and testing method; the testing device includes an electrical control box provided with a background light source, a first optical rotary platform controlled by a stepping motor, an injection pump controlled by the stepping motor, a microsyringe, a first connecting plate, a second connecting plate, a third connecting plate, a microscope lens, a bearing, a micrometer head, a camera, a micrometer head internal fixing plate, a camera external fixing plate, a steel ball, a support frame, a base, and adjusting legs; corresponding innovative designs are provided for structures and algorithm designs of a sample platform and a control system thereof, so that a non-axisymmetric contact angle droplet is formed and a corresponding left contact angle value and a corresponding right contact angle value are calculated.
Description
Technical field
This patent discloses a kind of device for testing 3D contact angle values and method of testing.Device is by can vertically form with the sample platform system horizontally rotated, include adopt worm gear structure optics rotation platform controls camera lens, video camera rotates together with Vertical dimension with sample stage, and adopt optics rotation platform Quality control platform horizontally 360 degree of rotations.By overall drop profile is calculated the method for 3D contact angle by left and right separately matching integrated curved, as the Young-Laplace equation model of overall ellipse fitting, bielliptic(al) or two circular curve, drop consistency profiles, calculate left and right contact angle respectively.This device and method of testing can be distinguished about the contact angle that causes such as analysis of material chemical diversity, isomery and surface clearness, have extremely wide promotional value in the research field such as new material, biomimetic material.
Background technology
Liquid-liquid interface tension force, liquid-basic index such as gas meter surface tension and solid-liquid contact angle values is the basic parameter characterizing material physicochemical property.Contact angle refer in solid level plane drip on a droplet drop, the solid-liquid on solid surface-gas three-phase point of interface place, the angle (as Fig. 1) formed when its gas-liquid interface and solid-liquid interface two tangent line are clipped in liquid phase wherein.Contact angle values be one by a material inherently index comprehensively determining of the various factors such as character, chemical isomerization, surface physics structure, surface clearness.Due to reasons such as materials chemistry anisotropy and rough surface, often cause contact angle to be formed at material surface delayed, be presented as that left and right contact angle values is inconsistent or completely different, form non-axis symmetry drop.
In the technology of reality test 3D contact angle, similar is the method that test conventional at present comprises the dynamic Contact angle value of advancing angle, receding angle and roll angle.In the test process of dynamic contact angle, this is tilted by solid sample to commonly use a kind of method, test is affected by gravity the dynamic Contact angle value under condition when tilting, and the mechanism completing this class testing is mainly divided into two classes: one, adopt sample stage vertical rotation, the mode that camera lens (being connected with camera) does not rotate; This method requires that institute drips must remain on the center of rotation axis, otherwise drop is easy to movement, and in software algorithm, must complete calculating by coordinate conversion, and software is longer for computing time; They are two years old, adopt the mode rotated by whole instrument, this mode has embodiment in current main flow commercial instrument, its shortcoming clearly, be common belt or gear shift owing to adopting a physical construction, not high, the radial shaking volume of control accuracy of physical construction is very large, is unfavorable for very much dynamic contact angle measured value in rolling situation; Weight simultaneously due to complete machine is very large, controls very inconvenient.
But the method for test dynamic Contact angle value can not meet practical application far away, can not characterize contact angle hysteresis and can not characterize the features such as the anisotropy of contact angle in other words.Such as, we record the materials such as Rice Leaf, the leaf of bamboo, silicon chip, have all embodied the difference of the contact angle values of contact angle values under different imaged viewing angle condition and the difference of left and right contact angle values.So test 3D contact angle values just can better the physicochemical property of exosyndrome material.
At present, contact angle and interfacial tension testing tool are all instruments of standard design usually.As " measuring analyzer for dynamic characteristics of liquid surface and interface based on high rate burst communication " patent No. in existing Patent data storehouse: 200610050811.8 and 200620103753.6, " a kind of automatic testing method of static contact angle " patent No. 201010288857.X, " contact angle and surface energy measurement mechanism " patent No.: 201010600278.4, " measuring contact angle device " patent No.: 200710142656.7, " a kind of On-line Measuring Method of self clean glass contact angle " patent No.: 200710008521.1 etc.
On the algorithm of contact angle and interfacial tension, the content that Chinese patent data has part to mention to content of the present invention has certain similar, but there is larger difference in the realization of concrete summary of the invention.As, " a kind of measuring method of liquid-drop contact angle on solid surface and device " patent No.: 200910136101.0.In specific implementation, this patent have employed having discrete partial differential equation of second order to solve curve and adopting shooting method matching contact angle angle value of the rewriting of Young-Laplace equation, only propose the concept of the Young-Laplace equation model of a simple Liquid contact angle test, specific implementation process may not be high.A kind of measuring method of the liquid interfacial tension based on drop profile curve four measurement point is proposed in Chinese patent ZL201210566095.4 " measuring method based on the liquid interfacial tension of drop profile curve four measurement point ", the method is the picture under adopting the image capture device production picture sprawled on subtest platform upper surface of drop or drop to hang on the rotational symmetry additional bearing surface of horizontal positioned, carries out process extraction drop profile curve to picture; Drop profile curve is chosen four measurement points, measures the vertical distance between adjacent measurement points, each measurement point crosses the distance between the horizontal line of measurement point and the intersection point of drop profile curve, angle between the tangent line of the drop profile curve of each measurement point and horizontal line; The liquid volume relevant to four measurement points is calculated according to drop profile curve; The interfacial tension of liquid is gone out according to formulae discovery.Only that geometry conversion has been carried out to outline portion in algorithm, completely inconsistent with the innovative point of this patent.ZL201210594516.4 " a kind of computing method of static contact angle " proposes a kind of drop edge producing different volumes and contact angle based on the emulation of Young-Laplace equation; The contact angle of drop edge that computer sim-ulation produces, and then obtain the relation calculating gained contact angle, droplet size and actual contact angle; Take true Liquid particle image, the contact angle of computed image; According to calculating gained contact angle, droplet size and the relation at actual contact angle and the contact angle of real image, method of interpolation or similar approach is adopted to obtain contact angle accurately.This is a kind of simple application, and does not relate to concrete algorithm.
As a kind of method that optical method surface chemistry is analyzed, image analysis surface chemistry analytical technology has similar techniques in the world, usually occur with the form of Young-Laplace equation model, its technological core is rotational symmetry image analysis techniques (Axisymmetric drop shape analysis method).Because this algorithm affects very large by development of computer, these Young-Laplace matchings or adopt Bashforth-Adams look-up table or simple experience to solve (with Bashforth.F, Adams.J.C, Andreas, S. Hartland etc. are representative, , or adopt based on DS/DE or base point (30 °, 45 °, 60 ° of angle values) algorithm of Select plane quick interface tension test of coordinate ratio is (with Springer, F.K.Hansen etc. are representative), or adopt ALFI algorithm with the simple image analysis of empirical hypothesis (with Rotenberg, A.W.Neumann, O.I.del.RIO is representative), all there is open defect, the image analysis of the drop contour fitting (RealDrop) mentioned with this patent has certain difference, mainly be, all algorithms as mentioned above are rotational symmetry image analysis (Axisymmetric Drop shape).In recent years, A.W.Neumann team proposes the technology of a kind of ADSA-NA, can be used for testing the dynamic contact angle in syringe needle situation.Its principal feature is to test the contact angle values do not had in the situation of summit, and Core Solution obtains initial contact angle value by contacting points position polynomial fitting curve, recycling ALFI or similar algorithm matching Young-Laplace equation.And it has carried out the conversion of backwards calculation to equation.This algorithm and this patent non-axis symmetry isomery contact angle are tested, and the mode of matching drop profile is also inconsistent.At present, business-like apparatus manufacture, as German Kruss, Dataphysics, Sweden Biolin, Ramehart company of the U.S. etc., its Young-Laplace equation model is to be supposed based on rotational symmetry.
In foreign patent, Jap.P. JP63210748A " contact angle お I び interface Zhang power Zi Move Measuring determines method " proposes a kind of method based on wide supreme people's court calculating contact angle values and this patent has obvious difference; In US Patent No. 5615276 " METHOD OF MEASURING LOW INTERFACIAL TENSION BY PENDANT DROP DIGITIZATION ", propose a kind of Young-Laplace and solve the method drawing interfacial tension and contact angle, its core algorithm adopted is identical with people such as F.K.Hansen, based on the Young-Laplace fitting technique under Select Plane algorithm, so, have any different with the algorithm mentioned by this patent.US Patent No. 5479816 " CAPTIVE DROPLET INTERFACIAL TENSIOMETER AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF " proposes a kind of very special Young-Laplace non trivial solution method, and the solution method mentioned with this patent is completely different.And other patents such as US4688938, US4953389, US5080484, US5115677, US5143744, US5394740, US7952698B2, US2003/0049863/Al, US2005/0012894/Al, WO0122058A1, US8151635B2, US4942760 are all some special contact angle proving installation and application, completely different from the innovative point of this patent.
The Chinese patent ZL200910034768.X device of synchro measure drop temperature, surface tension, contact angle " a kind of temperature control wet " and ZL201210127093.5 " measuring the device of liquid-drop contact angle and roll angle under wet, the pressure control condition of a kind of temperature control, control ", describe that a kind of temperature control, control are wet, measure the device of liquid-drop contact angle and roll angle under pressure control condition, that a kind of fuzzyyer theoretical property describes, concrete implementation detail is also that generality describes, from enforcement, operability is not strong.
In the method for testing measuring the contact angle values of non-axis symmetry drop or advance, retrogressing angle value, method conventional is at present local configuration tangent method.Its ultimate principle is for getting the above one part of pixel of drop profile level line, and matching once or secondary or a complex curve equation or spline curve interpolation method (being also sometimes referred to as true sessile drop method), obtains contact angle values.Although spline curve fitting degree is very high, be still local calculation contact angle values when derived function contact angle values.Comprehensive, these computing method are easy to the interference by local noise, and measured value precision is not high.As shown in Figure 4.Two pictures are obvious above, the non-constant of degree of fitting of local approach, although in two photo matchings below, the value difference of the left and right contour adopted with this patent is not more than 10 °.Current business-like instrument includes German Kruss, Dataphysics, Biolin company of Sweden and Ramehart company of the U.S. etc.
This patent announces a kind of device for testing 3D contact angle values and method of testing.This device is made up of sample platform system that is vertical and that horizontally rotate, adopt the precision optics rotation platform of worm gear structure to control camera lens, video camera to rotate along Vertical dimension together with sample stage, adopt the horizontally 360 degree of rotations of optics rotation platform Quality control platform.By the overall profile of the image under shooting being pressed the method for the calculating 3D contact angle values of left and right contour fitting curve, the Young-Laplace equation model etc. of ellipse as overall in matching, bielliptic(al) or two circular curve, drop consistency profiles, calculates left and right contact angle values.This device and method of testing can the hysteresis quality contact angle values that cause such as analysis of material chemical diversity, isomery, anisotropy and rough surface, have extremely wide promotional value in fields such as the researchs such as new material, biomimetic material.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned situation, the invention provides a kind of proving installation and method of testing of 3D contact angle, realize the object of test 3D contact angle, we have all made corresponding innovative design in sample stage and the structural design of control system and the computing method of contact angle thereof, thus achieve formation non-axis symmetry contact angle drop and calculate corresponding left and right contact angle values.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A proving installation for 3D contact angle, comprises the electric control box having installed background light source, there is the first optics rotation platform of step motor control, there is the syringe pump of step motor control, microsyringe, first web joint, second web joint, 3rd web joint, microlens, bearing, differential head, video camera, differential head internal fixation plate, video camera outer stationary plates, steel ball, bracing frame, base, adjustment pin, the electric control box having installed background light source is provided with on the left of bracing frame, the first optics rotation platform with step motor control is provided with inside the electric control box having installed background light source, the first web joint is provided with in the first optics rotation platform with step motor control, microlens and video camera is provided with on the right side of bracing frame, microlens and video camera are fixed on the right side of bracing frame respectively by differential head internal fixation plate and video camera outer stationary plates, the 3rd web joint is also provided with inside differential head internal fixation plate, bearing is provided with between 3rd web joint and differential head internal fixation plate, described differential head is fixed on video camera outer stationary plates, and be connected by extension spring with differential head internal fixation plate, steel ball is provided with between differential head internal fixation plate and video camera outer stationary plates, form an one dimension pitching adjustment System, bracing frame top is provided with the syringe pump with step motor control, the drop of microsyringe and optical translation platform composition oozes and transfer device.
Described microlens and video camera are after being connected by C mouth hickey, then are fixed on the right side of bracing frame by differential head internal fixation plate and video camera outer stationary plates.
Be provided with base bottom support frame as described above, be provided with four adjustment pin below base, be provided with the second web joint in the middle part of bracing frame, the second web joint is provided with adjustment platform assembly.
Described adjustment platform assembly comprises the second optics rotation platform with step motor control, the two-dimensional level adjustment platform that differential head controls, the VTOL (vertical take off and landing) optical translation platform that differential head controls, horizontal one dimensional optical translation stage, Vertical one dimensional optical translation platform, described horizontal one dimensional optical translation stage, Vertical one dimensional optical translation platform, the VTOL (vertical take off and landing) optical translation platform that differential head controls, connected by screw between the two-dimensional level adjustment platform that differential head controls, the second optical translation platform with step motor control is provided with above the two-dimensional level adjustment platform that differential head controls, the second optics rotation platform with step motor control adjusts platform by the two-dimensional level that screw and differential head control and is connected.
Described Vertical one dimensional optical translation platform and horizontal one dimensional optical translation stage adopt stepper motor or manual knob to control.
The described first optics rotation platform with step motor control comprises stepper motor data-interface, data-interface mounting bracket, manual control knobs, stepper motor, stepper motor fixed support, rotation platform main body, worm gear arrangement, worm structure, rotating panel, index dial, index dial is socketed with outside rotating panel, be connected by screw with rotation platform main body outside index dial, stepper motor stretches in rotation platform main body, be connected by shaft coupling with the worm structure in rotation platform main body, data-interface mounting bracket is installed to stepper motor fixed support and is connected with control electric box, manual control knobs to be arranged on after stepper motor on shaft.
4, designing and a set ofly divide left and right two parts matched curve based on overall drop profile, calculating the method for contact angle values, for testing 3D contact angle.The method of the calculating contact angle values of matched curve comprises: (1) overall drop profile ellipse fitting method; (2) two Circular curve fitting method; (3) bielliptic(al) curve fitting method; (4) drop consistency profiles matching Young-Laplace equation model method etc.
5, designing one divides left and right two parts to realize the method for the consistency profiles matching Young-Laplace equation that non-axis symmetry liquid calculates according to overall drop profile, solves the 3D contact angle values of contact angle and surface tension value, comprising:
(1) propose the Young-Laplace system of equations of discretize, (a sessile drop) dripped for the stopping during image analysing computer of side-looking method, bubble catches (Captive bubble) or hanging drop (pendant drop):
dx/ds=conθ (1)
dz/ds=sinθ (2)
dθ/ds=2/R
0+Cz-sinθ/x (3)
dV/ds=πx
2sinθ (4)
dA/ds=2πx (5)
x(0)=z(0)= θ(0)=V(0)=A(0)=0 (6)
C=Δρg/γ (7)
Wherein: θ is contact angle, s is arc length, R
0for the radius-of-curvature of vertex position, Δ ρ is that inside and outside phase density is poor, and z height, x is width, and V is volume, and A is area, and x0, z0 are apex coordinate.
(2) solution that solves Young-Laplace discrete equation group is designed, specific as follows: use the discrete equation group as above mentioned by (1) when using the theoretical curve of Software on Drawing drop profile, utilize Long Gekula (Runge-Kutta) or position, Europe (Euler) method or similar method theory of solving curve, and the mode utilizing software to draw, show each coordinate points (x on corresponding theoretical curve and curve
i, y
i).
(3) a kind of method of drawing the actual curve of contact angle and interfacial tension drop profile is designed, specifically comprise: utilize CANNY or SOBEL algorithm, imaging system is utilized to take the change obtaining gray scale in rotating liquid drop contour images, reasonable threshold value is set, find out the edge of drop profile, and the edge utilizing Spline algorithm to do to search is optimized calculating, obtain the marginal point coordinate figure (X of drop profile
i, Y
i) and ordered arrangement, and the mode utilizing software to draw, marks searching the contour edge actual curve that limit obtains.
(4) design is a kind of adopts Newton method (Newton-Raphson method) and least square method algorithm, at input density difference Δ ρ, gravity coefficient g, after constant value, by radius of curvature R 0, contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, the theoretical curve that arc length S draws as variable optimization Young-Laplace equation solution as above with search drop contour edge and the actual curve that obtains, and then obtain final vertex curvature radius R0, contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, the parameters such as arc length S, and and then utilize integration to quadrature and the method for volume, try to achieve area and the isoparametric method of volume of drop.Specifically comprise: (1) is by directly optimizing the Young-Laplace Equation Theory curve of drop profile and searching actual curve test fluid-gas or the liquid-liquid interface tension value of edge gained; (2) have employed Bond's coefficient (Bond Number) that drop consistency profiles (RealDrop) matching obtains drop, the experience without the need to the Young-Laplace matching on such as Select plane algorithm basis is demarcated.
(5) design is a kind of presses a left side according to overall drop profile, the drop consistency profiles (RealDrop) of right two parts matching non-axis symmetry drop curve is for matching contact angle values, interfacial tension value, surface area, volume etc., specific embodiments is: adopt without factor Bond coefficient (Bond Number) equation method, zero dimension transformation equation and original discrete equation is utilized to carry out the algorithm of two suboptimization to contour curve, it is characterized by: matching is left respectively, right both sides are from exposure level line drop profile, utilize the fitting algorithm as above described in (1-4), matching draws two Young-Laplace matched curves.Optimizing process for the first time, optimizes and draws interfacial tension value γ and vertex curvature radius R
0between linear relation; Second time utilizes primary relational expression, after reducing variable, utilizes the iteration of interfacial tension value γ, optimizes and draws the required test parameter such as left and right two contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, arc length S.
As above the dimensionless equation used of the optimization described in second group is as follows:
(formula: 9)
Wherein:
, X=x/R
0, Y=y/R
0, S=s/R
0
(6) as above matching will according to the matching respectively of the left and right profile of drop, and the side that contact angle values is large also can claim advance angle value (Advanced contact angle), and the side that contact angle values is little also can be described as and retreats angle value (Receded contact angle).
Advantage of the present invention is: the object realizing test 3D contact angle, we have all made corresponding innovative design in sample stage and the structural design of control system and the computing method of contact angle thereof, thus achieve formation non-axis symmetry contact angle drop and calculate corresponding left and right contact angle values.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is contact angle principle schematic.
Fig. 2 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of the first optics rotation platform with step motor control.
Fig. 4 is local configuration fitting process picture described in this patent.
In the drawings: 1-has installed the electric control box of background light source; 2-has the first optics rotation platform of step motor control; 3-has the syringe pump of step motor control; 4-microsyringe; 5-has the optical translation platform of step motor control; 6-has the second optics rotation platform of step motor control; The two-dimensional level adjustment platform that 7-differential head controls; The VTOL (vertical take off and landing) optical translation platform that 8-differential head controls; The horizontal one dimensional optical translation stage of 9-; 10-first web joint; 11-Vertical one dimensional optical translation platform; 12-second web joint; 13-the 3rd web joint; 14-microlens; 15-bearing; 16-differential head; 17-video camera; 18-video camera outer stationary plates; 21,19-differential head internal fixation plate; 20-steel ball; 22-bracing frame; 23-base; 24-adjusts pin; 201-stepper motor data-interface (9 pin); 202-data-interface mounting bracket; 203-manual control knobs; 204-stepper motor; 205-stepper motor fixed support; 206-rotation platform main body; 207-worm gear arrangement; 208-worm structure; 209-rotating panel; 2010-index dial.
Embodiment
The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, setting forth the present invention further.
See Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 4, a kind of proving installation of 3D contact angle, comprises the electric control box having installed background light source, there is the first optics rotation platform of step motor control, there is the syringe pump of step motor control, microsyringe, first web joint, second web joint, 3rd web joint, microlens, bearing, differential head, video camera, differential head internal fixation plate, video camera outer stationary plates, steel ball, bracing frame, base, adjustment pin, the electric control box having installed background light source is provided with on the left of bracing frame, the first optics rotation platform with step motor control is provided with inside the electric control box having installed background light source, the first web joint is provided with in the first optics rotation platform with step motor control, microlens and video camera is provided with on the right side of bracing frame, microlens and video camera are fixed on the right side of bracing frame respectively by differential head internal fixation plate and video camera outer stationary plates, the 3rd web joint is also provided with inside differential head internal fixation plate, bearing is provided with between 3rd web joint and differential head internal fixation plate, described differential head is fixed on video camera outer stationary plates, and be connected by extension spring with differential head internal fixation plate, steel ball is provided with between differential head internal fixation plate and video camera outer stationary plates, form an one dimension pitching adjustment System, bracing frame top is provided with the syringe pump with step motor control, the drop of microsyringe and optical translation platform composition oozes and transfer device.
Described microlens and video camera are after being connected by C mouth hickey, then are fixed on the right side of bracing frame by differential head internal fixation plate and video camera outer stationary plates.
Be provided with base bottom support frame as described above, be provided with four adjustment pin below base, be provided with the second web joint in the middle part of bracing frame, the second web joint is provided with adjustment platform assembly.
Described adjustment platform assembly comprises the second optics rotation platform with step motor control, the two-dimensional level adjustment platform that differential head controls, the VTOL (vertical take off and landing) optical translation platform that differential head controls, horizontal one dimensional optical translation stage, Vertical one dimensional optical translation platform, described horizontal one dimensional optical translation stage, Vertical one dimensional optical translation platform, the VTOL (vertical take off and landing) optical translation platform that differential head controls, connected by screw between the two-dimensional level adjustment platform that differential head controls, the second optical translation platform with step motor control is provided with above the two-dimensional level adjustment platform that differential head controls, the second optics rotation platform with step motor control adjusts platform by the two-dimensional level that screw and differential head control and is connected.
Described Vertical one dimensional optical translation platform and horizontal one dimensional optical translation stage adopt stepper motor or manual knob to control.
The described first optics rotation platform with step motor control comprises stepper motor data-interface, data-interface mounting bracket, manual control knobs, stepper motor, stepper motor fixed support, rotation platform main body, worm gear arrangement, worm structure, rotating panel, index dial, index dial is socketed with outside rotating panel, be connected by screw with rotation platform main body outside index dial, stepper motor stretches in rotation platform main body, be connected by shaft coupling with the worm structure in rotation platform main body, data-interface mounting bracket is installed to stepper motor fixed support and is connected with control electric box, manual control knobs to be arranged on after stepper motor on shaft.
4, design and a set ofly divide left and right two parts, matched curve based on overall drop profile, calculate the method for contact angle values, for testing 3D contact angle, the method that matched curve calculates contact angle values comprises: (1) overall ellipse fitting method; (2) two Circular curve fitting method; (3) bielliptic(al) curve fitting method; (4) drop consistency profiles matching Young-Laplace equation model method etc.
Matched curve technology is distinguished about as above, the matched curve of least square optimization is adopted in fit procedure, the trend of automatic basis large portion matched curve, the curve of the noise edge coordinate points that supplementary matching failure part or automatic fitration are fallen, thus form a fitting effect more better than local fit method.From actual implementation result, degree of fitting all reaches more than 99%, and effect clearly.
(1) embodiment of overall ellipse fitting method comprises: the first, adopt video camera take and be transferred in computer the drop of formation; The second, adopt the image border lookup algorithm such as CANNY, Sobel, find image border, obtain the marginal point coordinate figure (X of drop profile
i, Y
i) and ordered arrangement, and the mode utilizing software to draw, marks searching the contour edge actual curve that limit obtains.Three, adopt least square fitting elliptic curve and edge coordinate, obtain elliptic curve equation.Now, the ellipse simulated should be a shape tilted.Four, solve the derivative of two points that horizontal line intersects with elliptic equation, and obtain contact angle values.
(2) embodiment of bielliptic(al) curve and two Circular curve fitting method comprises: the first, adopt video camera take and be transferred in computer the drop of formation; The second, adopt the image border lookup algorithm such as CANNY, Sobel, find image border, obtain the marginal point coordinate figure (X of drop profile
i, Y
i) and ordered arrangement, and the mode utilizing software to draw, marks searching the contour edge actual curve that limit obtains.Three, edge coordinate is divided into arranged on left and right sides, adopts least square fitting elliptic curve or circular curve and edge coordinate respectively, obtain ellipse or circular curve equation.Now, the ellipse simulated and circle should be two regular images.Four, solve the derivative of two points that horizontal line intersects with left and right two ellipses or equation of a circle respectively, and obtain two contact angle values.
(3) least-squares algorithm of oval, round matching, have employed geometric error method matching drop contour edge coordinate and equation that is oval or circle.Reference: Sung Joon Ahn, Wolfgang Rauh, Hans-Jurgen Warnecke, " Least-Squares orthogonal distance fitting of circle, sphere, ellipse, hyperbola, and parabola ", Pattern Recognition 34,2001,2283-2303 page.
5, design a kind of overall drop profile and divide left and right drop consistency profiles (RealDrop) the matching Young-Laplace equation solution 3D contact angle of two parts matching non-axis symmetry drop curve and the method for surface tension value, embodiment comprises:
(1) propose the Young-Laplace system of equations of discretize, (a sessile drop) dripped for the stopping during image analysing computer of side-looking method, bubble catches (Captive bubble) or hanging drop (pendant drop):
dx/ds=conθ (1)
dz/ds=sinθ (2)
dθ/ds=2/R
0+Cz-sinθ/x (3)
dV/ds=πx
2sinθ (4)
dA/ds=2πx (5)
x(0)=z(0)= θ(0)=V(0)=A(0)=0 (6)
C=Δρg/γ (7)
Wherein: θ is contact angle, s is arc length, R
0for the radius-of-curvature of vertex position, Δ ρ is that inside and outside phase density is poor, and z height, x is width, and V is volume, and A is area, and x0, z0 are apex coordinate.
(2) solution that solves Young-Laplace discrete equation group is designed, specific as follows: use the discrete equation group as above mentioned by (1) when using the theoretical curve of Software on Drawing drop profile, utilize Long Gekula (Runge-Kutta) or position, Europe (Euler) method or similar method theory of solving curve, and the mode utilizing software to draw, show each coordinate points (x on corresponding theoretical curve and curve
i, y
i).
(3) a kind of method of drawing the actual curve of contact angle and interfacial tension drop profile is designed, specifically comprise: utilize CANNY or SOBEL algorithm, imaging system is utilized to take the change obtaining gray scale in rotating liquid drop contour images, reasonable threshold value is set, find out the edge of drop profile, and the edge utilizing Spline algorithm to do to search is optimized calculating, obtain the marginal point coordinate figure (X of drop profile
i, Y
i) and ordered arrangement, and the mode utilizing software to draw, marks searching the contour edge actual curve that limit obtains.
(4) design is a kind of adopts Newton method (Newton-Raphson method) and least square method algorithm, at input density difference Δ ρ, gravity coefficient g, after constant value, by radius of curvature R 0, contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, the theoretical curve that arc length S draws as variable optimization Young-Laplace equation solution as above with search drop contour edge and the actual curve that obtains, and then obtain final vertex curvature radius R0, contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, the parameters such as arc length S, and and then utilize integration to quadrature and the method for volume, try to achieve area and the isoparametric method of volume of drop.Specifically comprise: (1) is by directly optimizing the Young-Laplace Equation Theory curve of drop profile and searching actual curve test fluid-gas or the liquid-liquid interface tension value of edge gained; (2) have employed Bond's coefficient (Bond Number) that drop consistency profiles (RealDrop) matching obtains drop, the experience without the need to the Young-Laplace matching on such as Select plane algorithm basis is demarcated.
(5) design is a kind of divides a left side by overall drop profile, the drop consistency profiles (RealDrop) of right two parts difference matching non-axis symmetry drop curve, for matching contact angle values, interfacial tension value, surface area, volume etc., embodiment is: adopt zero dimension Bond coefficient (Bond Number) equation method, zero dimension transformation equation and original discrete equation is utilized to carry out the algorithm of two suboptimization to contour curve, it is characterized by: the matching left and right sides about 3/4 drop profile more than exposure level line respectively, utilize the fitting algorithm as above described in (1-4), matching draws two Young-Laplace matched curves.Optimizing process for the first time, optimizes and draws interfacial tension value γ and vertex curvature radius R
0between linear relation; Second time utilizes primary relational expression, after reducing variable, utilizes the iteration of interfacial tension value γ, optimizes and draws the required test parameter such as left and right two contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, arc length S.
As above the dimensionless equation used of the optimization described in second group is as follows:
(formula: 9)
Wherein:
, X=x/R
0, Y=y/R
0, S=s/R
0
(6) as above matching will according to the matching respectively of the left and right profile of drop, and the side that contact angle values is large also can claim advance angle value (Advanced contact angle), and the side that contact angle values is little also can be described as and retreats angle value (Receded contact angle).
This patent announces a kind of device for testing 3D contact angle values and method of testing.This device is made up of sample platform system that is vertical and that horizontally rotate, adopt the precision optics rotation platform of worm gear structure to control camera lens, video camera to rotate along Vertical dimension together with sample stage, adopt the horizontally 360 degree of rotations of optics rotation platform Quality control platform.By by shooting under integral image profile, point left and right two parts matched curve also calculates the method for 3D contact angle, as the Young-Laplace equation model etc. of overall ellipse, bielliptic(al) or two circular curve, drop consistency profiles, calculate left and right different contact angle values.This device and method of testing can the hysteresis quality contact angle values that cause such as analysis of material chemical diversity, isomery, anisotropy and rough surface, have extremely wide promotional value in the research field such as new material, biomimetic material.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; the just principle of the present invention described in above-described embodiment and instructions; the present invention also has various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall in claimed scope of the present invention.The protection domain of application claims is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (9)
1. a proving installation for 3D contact angle, comprises the electric control box having installed background light source, there is the first optics rotation platform of step motor control, there is the syringe pump of step motor control, microsyringe, first web joint, second web joint, 3rd web joint, microlens, bearing, differential head, video camera, differential head internal fixation plate, video camera outer stationary plates, steel ball, bracing frame, base, adjustment pin, the electric control box having installed background light source is provided with on the left of bracing frame, the first optics rotation platform with step motor control is provided with inside the electric control box having installed background light source, the first web joint is provided with in the first optics rotation platform with step motor control, microlens and video camera is provided with on the right side of bracing frame, microlens and video camera are fixed on the right side of bracing frame respectively by differential head internal fixation plate and video camera outer stationary plates, the 3rd web joint is also provided with inside differential head internal fixation plate, bearing is provided with between 3rd web joint and differential head internal fixation plate, described differential head is fixed on video camera outer stationary plates, and be connected by extension spring with differential head internal fixation plate, steel ball is provided with between differential head internal fixation plate and video camera outer stationary plates, form an one dimension pitching adjustment System, bracing frame top is provided with the syringe pump with step motor control, the drop of microsyringe and optical translation platform composition oozes and transfer device.
2. the proving installation of 3D contact angle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described microlens and video camera are after being connected by C mouth hickey, then are fixed on the right side of bracing frame by differential head internal fixation plate and video camera outer stationary plates.
3. the proving installation of 3D contact angle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, be provided with base bottom support frame as described above, and be provided with four adjustment pin below base, be provided with the second web joint in the middle part of bracing frame, the second web joint is provided with adjustment platform assembly.
4. the proving installation of 3D contact angle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described adjustment platform assembly comprises the second optics rotation platform with step motor control, the two-dimensional level adjustment platform that differential head controls, the VTOL (vertical take off and landing) optical translation platform that differential head controls, horizontal one dimensional optical translation stage, Vertical one dimensional optical translation platform, described horizontal one dimensional optical translation stage, Vertical one dimensional optical translation platform, the VTOL (vertical take off and landing) optical translation platform that differential head controls, connected by screw between the two-dimensional level adjustment platform that differential head controls, the second optical translation platform with step motor control is provided with above the two-dimensional level adjustment platform that differential head controls, the second optics rotation platform with step motor control adjusts platform by the two-dimensional level that screw and differential head control and is connected.
5. the proving installation of 3D contact angle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Vertical one dimensional optical translation platform and horizontal one dimensional optical translation stage adopt stepper motor or manual knob to control.
6. the proving installation of 3D contact angle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described first optics rotation platform with step motor control comprises stepper motor data-interface, data-interface mounting bracket, manual control knobs, stepper motor, stepper motor fixed support, rotation platform main body, worm gear arrangement, worm structure, rotating panel, index dial, index dial is socketed with outside rotating panel, be connected by screw with rotation platform main body outside index dial, stepper motor stretches in rotation platform main body, be connected by shaft coupling with the worm structure in rotation platform main body, data-interface mounting bracket is installed to stepper motor fixed support and is connected with control electric box, manual control knobs to be arranged on after stepper motor on shaft.
7. a method of testing for 3D contact angle, is characterized in that, divides left and right two parts to adopt least square fitting curve to calculate the computing method of left and right two contact angle values, comprising: one, overall ellipse fitting method for a set of based on overall drop profile; Two, two Circular curve fitting method; Three, bielliptic(al) curve fitting method; Four, drop consistency profiles matching Young-Laplace equation model method.
8. the method for testing of 3D contact angle according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described computing method adopt overall drop profile, left and right two parts matched curve is divided to calculate contact angle values, adopting ellipse fitting method, two Circular curve fitting method, bielliptic(al) curve fitting method, drop consistency profiles matching Young-Laplace equation model method for analyzing the contact angle of non-axis symmetry drop profile, obtaining left and right two contact angle values.
9. the method for testing of 3D contact angle according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described drop consistency profiles matching Young-Laplace equation model method is tested nonaxisymmetrical drop and comprised the following steps:
A have employed zero dimension Bond coefficient (Bond Number) equation method, utilizes zero dimension transformation equation and original discrete equation to carry out the algorithm of two suboptimization to contour curve,
B first time optimizing process, optimizes and draws interfacial tension value γ and vertex curvature radius R
0between linear relation; Second time utilizes primary relational expression, after reducing variable, utilizes the iteration of interfacial tension value γ, optimizes and draws the required test parameter such as contact angle values θ, interfacial tension value γ, arc length S,
The overall drop profile curve arranged on left and right sides of matching is from exposure level line with upper curve respectively for C, and matching draws two Young-Laplace matched curves, and left and right two contact angle values, surface tension value, interfacial tension value.
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