CN104910936A - Enhanced heat transfer-based biomass continuous pyrolysis device, and method - Google Patents
Enhanced heat transfer-based biomass continuous pyrolysis device, and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104910936A CN104910936A CN201510270875.8A CN201510270875A CN104910936A CN 104910936 A CN104910936 A CN 104910936A CN 201510270875 A CN201510270875 A CN 201510270875A CN 104910936 A CN104910936 A CN 104910936A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass energy utilization, and more specifically relates to an enhanced heat transfer-based biomass continuous pyrolysis device, and a method. The enhanced heat transfer-based biomass continuous pyrolysis device comprises a hopper, a screw feeder arranged on the lower part of the hopper, a helix drum-type pyrolyzer, and carbon box; one end of the helix drum-type pyrolyzer is connected with the screw feeder, and the other end is connected with the carbon box; and a sintering tube is arranged in the helix drum-type pyrolyzer. The outer wall of the helix drum-type pyrolyzer is provided with a plurality of high temperature heat pipes via insetting, and heat transfer rate of the high temperature heat pipes is high, so that heating rate can be increased greatly, and utilization efficiency of high temperature flue gas is increased further. The sintering tube is arranged in the helix drum-type pyrolyzer, so that secondary pyrolysis of pyrolysis gas can be promoted further.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of Biomass Energy Utilization, more specifically, relate to a kind of continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer and method.
Background technology
At present, the shortage of the energy and the deterioration of environment have become the two large problems of global concern, and the energy is that the mankind depend on for existence and social development, progressive prerequisite and basis.Along with the fast development of economy, the mankind to the demand of the energy also in quick growth.The main energy sources of society remains oil, coal, Sweet natural gas now.Owing to exploiting fossil energy in a large number, a large amount of emission greenhouse gas, causes serious environmental pollution and the change of global climate.Biomass energy is after oil, coal, Sweet natural gas, the fourth-largest energy of the world today, and the utilization of biomass resource reaches large-scale commercial level far away, and global biomass are as 4% of the energy its total energy still not enough, and Exploitative potential is very large.It is estimated, the thermal equivalent of the annual water of the earth, terrestrial matter output is 3 × 10
21about J is 10 times of the whole world current total energy consumption.The biomass of China are very abundant, but the biomass major part such as annual agricultural crop straw, cereal cot does not have effectively to utilize.The exploitation of biomass effectively can alleviate the energy of China and the pressure of environment, have very great significance to promotion China's Economic development and Improvement of Ecological Environment tool.Biomass pyrolytic technology is one of main method of biomass utilization.
Patent CN101486921A discloses a kind of biomass continuous pyrolysis carbonizing apparatus with flexible screw conveying, biomass material is carried and dry, charing in the thermal decomposition tube of helical screw feeder, after the biomass charcoal generated discharges reactor, cooling is collected or does further processing, because reaction process is slow, needing in thermal decomposition tube, stop time enough just can make raw material fully carbonize, the transport capacity of spiral have received very large restriction, is difficult to improve processing efficiency.
Patent CN2680985Y discloses the very strong efficient rotary type biomass gasifying furnace of a kind of fuel band adaptability, this vapourizing furnace has the horizontal type rotatable cylinder furnace of an axis and sea line angle inclination 5-30 ゜, has protruding screw-blade in tubular furnace wall.Although the intensity of cylinder furnace wall is large, reliable, adaptability is good, and the rate of heat transfer of cylinder is relatively little.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, for overcoming at least one defect described in above-mentioned prior art, provides a kind of continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer and control method thereof, changes heat transfer efficiency and speed by changing pyrolyzer.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer, wherein, comprise hopper, be located at the feeding screw of hopper bottom, also comprise spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer and charcoal case, described spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer one end is connected with feeding screw, and the other end is connected with charcoal case; Sintered pipes is provided with in described spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer.
In the present invention, owing to being provided with sintered pipes in spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer, enhance the heat transfer process of tube wall to pipe endogenous substance, be conducive to biomass and be rapidly heated and the raising of external heat source thermo-efficiency.
Biomass material enters feeding screw by hopper, biomass material is carried to spiral roller pyrolyzer under the effect of spiral, when biomass material arrives feeding screw outlet, directly fall into spiral roller pyrolyzer, cylinder pyrolyzer is in rotary state always, is fed forward under the effect of biomass material frid in roller conveyor.Biomass material transfers heat to biomass material at cylinder pyrolyzer course of conveying intermediate roll pyrolyzer, sintered pipes is also as biomass radiations heat energy simultaneously, biomass material heats up and cracking occurs, the coke produced is delivered to charcoal case by cylinder pyrolyzer, contact with high temperature sintering pipe after pyrolysis gas volatilization, second heat solution occurs under the effect of sintered pipes, and the opening that pyrolysis gas eventually passes through above charcoal case enters condenser.
Further, be provided with seal valve in described hopper, it is inner that feeding screw stretches into spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer, and the junction of feeding screw outer wall and spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer is provided with end cap seal and fixes.
Hopper is inner with seal valve, and closed by seal valve after feeding in raw material, feeding screw is arranged on the below of hopper at every turn, feeding screw outer wall and charging end cap are fixed together, and seal therebetween, it is inner that feeding screw stretches into cylinder pyrolyzer, prevents biomass material from resulting in blockage.
Further, the continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer also comprises process furnace, and spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer is located in process furnace.Described spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer inwall is spirrillum, and outer wall is right cylinder and inlays multiple high-temperature heat pipe.One end of described spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer is connected with end cap by bearing, and the other end is connected with charcoal case by bearing.Continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer also comprises motor, is connected gear with motor, and gear connects spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer.The two ends of described process furnace are provided with labyrinth seal structure.Spiral slotted vane is provided with in described spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer.
Spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer is rotatable parts, inner member geo-stationary, and cylinder has higher intensity, and Reliability comparotive is high.Spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer interior hollow section installs sintered pipes, and outer wall and the charcoal case of sintered pipes and feeding screw are fixed, and do not rotate with cylinder.
Spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer inwall is spirrillum, outer wall is common cylinder body and inlays multiple high-temperature heat pipe, because the process furnace selected only has Lower Half to heat, when high-temperature heat pipe is with in roller rotating process, when being in heating zone, bottom, the working medium that inside heat pipe is in heat absorbing end absorbs heat, become gaseous state and enter heat pipe top release end of heat, and rapidly heat is reached drums inside, after heat release, working medium becomes liquid and returns heat pipe heat absorbing end under gravity, cycle heat exchange like this, along with drum rotating, after heat pipe departs from heating zone, working fluid condenses is also back to heat pipe heat-absorbing section by gravity, when heat pipe rotates again to heating zone, repeat above-mentioned heat transfer process.Drums inside is provided with sintered pipes, and sintered pipes, close to black matrix, almost can absorb the whole thermal radiation from thermal decomposition tube, and sintered pipes is in the condition of high temperature can make pyrolysis gas generation second pyrolysis.Cylinder pyrolyzer two ends are connected by bearing with charcoal case with charging end cap respectively, the power of cylinder passes through gear transmission by motor, two load-bearing tugboats are adopted to support at the two ends of cylinder close to process furnace, increase the intensity of cylinder, the rotating speed of cylinder can regulate, so that regulate the translational speed of biomass material and the residence time, with adapt to different biomass material to different pyrolysis time.Process furnace two ends adopt the mode of the labyrinth seal of refractory brick composition to seal, and effectively can prevent the heat loss of process furnace.It is inner that cylinder discharge port stretches into charcoal case, and have air outlet above charcoal case, air outlet is for connecting condenser.
Based on the method for the continuous biomass pyrolysis device of enhancement of heat transfer, comprise the following steps:
S1, biomass material are sent in hopper, then enter in feeding screw by hopper and feeding screw interface;
S2, send in spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer by feeding screw, spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer in rotation process by biomass material pyrolysis;
S3, pyrolysis product coke are sent into charcoal case by spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer, and pyrolysis gas contacts with sintered pipes, pyrolysis gas generation second pyrolysis;
S4, pyrolysis gas are discharged eventually through the outlet above charcoal case.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect is: spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer outer wall of the present invention inlays multiple high-temperature heat pipe, because high-temperature heat pipe rate of heat transfer is very high, can large increase rate of heat transfer, and improve the heating efficiency of high-temperature flue gas.
Pyrolysis drums inside is provided with sintered pipes, sintered pipes, close to black matrix, almost can absorb the whole thermal radiation from thermal decomposition tube, is in the sintered pipes of the condition of high temperature on the one hand by the mode heating biological raw material of radiation, also directly can contact with pyrolysis devolatilization thing in addition, promote pyrolysis gas second pyrolysis.
Spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer is rotatable parts, and relative to normal spiral axle feed mechanism, the intensity of cylinder is relatively large, and to the strong adaptability of material size, reliability is high.
The variable-frequency motor that has of cylinder drives, and can regulate the rotating speed of cylinder, conveniently regulate pyrolysis time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one-piece construction schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is workflow schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing, only for exemplary illustration, can not be interpreted as the restriction to this patent; In order to better the present embodiment is described, some parts of accompanying drawing have omission, zoom in or out, and do not represent the size of actual product; To those skilled in the art, in accompanying drawing, some known features and explanation thereof may be omitted is understandable.Describe position relationship in accompanying drawing only for exemplary illustration, the restriction to this patent can not be interpreted as.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer, wherein, comprise hopper 5, be located at the feeding screw 4 of hopper 5 bottom, also comprise spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1 and charcoal case 11, spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1 one end is connected with feeding screw 4, and the other end is connected with charcoal case 11; Sintered pipes 8 is provided with in spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1.
In the present invention, owing to being provided with sintered pipes 8 in spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer, enhance the heat transfer process of tube wall to pipe endogenous substance, be conducive to biomass and be rapidly heated and the raising of external heat source thermo-efficiency.
Be provided with seal valve in hopper 5, it is inner that feeding screw 4 stretches into spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1, and the junction of feeding screw 4 outer wall and spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1 is provided with end cap 6 and seals fixing.
In hopper 5, biomass are added when starting working, biomass material enters the feeding screw 4 below hopper 5 by hopper 5, biomass material is carried to spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1 under the effect of spiral, connected by charging end cap 6 between feeding screw 4 and spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1, feeding screw 4 stretches into drums inside, prevent from blocking in course of conveying, end cap 6 can play the effect supporting and seal, when biomass material arrival feeding screw 4 exports, directly fall into spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1.
Continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer also comprises process furnace 2, and spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1 is located in process furnace 2.Spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1 inwall is spirrillum, and outer wall is right cylinder and inlays multiple high-temperature heat pipe 7.One end of spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1 is connected with end cap 6 by bearing, and the other end is connected with charcoal case 11 by bearing.Continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer also comprises motor 3, is connected gear with motor 3, and gear connects spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1.The two ends of process furnace 2 are provided with labyrinth seal structure 9.Spiral slotted vane 10 is provided with in spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1.
Spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1 is in process furnace 2, Heating temperature can reach 400-600 DEG C, cylinder outer wall is common cylinder face and inlays multiple potassium working medium gravity high-temperature heat pipe 7, high-temperature heat pipe 7 is with in roller rotating process, under the rollers during heating zone, portion, the working medium that inside heat pipe is in heat absorbing end absorbs heat, become gaseous state and enter heat pipe top release end of heat, and rapidly heat is reached drums inside, after heat release, working medium becomes liquid and returns heat pipe heat absorbing end under gravity, cycle heat exchange like this, along with drum rotating, after heat pipe departs from heating zone, working fluid condenses is also back to heat pipe heat-absorbing section by gravity, when heat pipe rotates again to heating zone, repeat above-mentioned heat transfer process.
Drums inside is provided with sintered pipes 8, and sintered pipes 8, close to black matrix, almost can absorb the whole thermal radiation from thermal decomposition tube, and the heat transfer of the sintered pipes Final 8 can make pyrolysis gas generation second pyrolysis.Cylinder pyrolyzer two ends are connected by bearing with charcoal case with charging end cap respectively, and the power of cylinder passes through gear transmission by motor.Adopt two load-bearing tugboats to support at the two ends of cylinder close to process furnace, the intensity of cylinder can be increased like this.And the rotating speed of cylinder can regulate, so that regulate translational speed and the residence time of biomass material, to adapt to different biomass material and different pyrolysis time.Process furnace 2 two ends adopt the mode of the labyrinth seal of refractory brick composition to seal, and effectively can prevent the heat loss of process furnace.Cylinder is in rotary state always, is fed forward under the effect of biomass material frid in roller conveyor.Biomass material transfers heat to biomass material at cylinder pyrolyzer course of conveying intermediate roll pyrolyzer, and biomass material heats up and cracking occurs.
The outlet of spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer 1 is connected by bearing with charcoal case 11, the coke that pyrolysis produces is delivered to charcoal case 11 by cylinder pyrolyzer, contact with high temperature sintering pipe after pyrolysis gas volatilization, second heat solution occurs under the effect of sintered pipes, and the opening that pyrolysis gas eventually passes through above charcoal case enters condenser.
Cylinder has good adaptability to biomass material, is not only adapted to different biomass materials, and relatively low to the requirement of biomass raw material particle size.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent to replace and improvement etc., within the protection domain that all should be included in the claims in the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer, it is characterized in that, comprise hopper (5), be located at the feeding screw (4) of hopper (5) bottom, also comprise spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer (1) and charcoal case (11), described spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer (1) one end is connected with feeding screw (4), and the other end is connected with charcoal case (11); Be provided with in described spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer (1) and the sintered pipes (8) of tube wall to the heat transfer of pipe endogenous substance can be strengthened.
2. a kind of continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described hopper (5), be provided with seal valve, it is inner that feeding screw (4) stretches into spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer (1), and the junction of feeding screw (4) outer wall and spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer (1) is provided with end cap (6) and seals fixing.
3. a kind of continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer also comprises process furnace (2), spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer (1) is located in process furnace (2).
4. a kind of continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer (1) inwall is spirrillum, and outer wall is right cylinder and inlays multiple high-temperature heat pipe (7).
5. a kind of continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer according to claim 4, is characterized in that: one end of described spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer (1) is connected with end cap (6) by bearing, and the other end is connected with charcoal case (11) by bearing.
6. a kind of continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer also comprises motor (3), is connected gear with motor (3), gear connects spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer (1).
7. a kind of continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the two ends of described process furnace (2) are provided with labyrinth seal structure (9).
8. a kind of continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer according to claim 7, is characterized in that: be provided with spiral slotted vane (10) in described spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer (1).
9., according to the method for the arbitrary described continuous biomass pyrolysis device based on enhancement of heat transfer of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
S1, biomass material are sent in hopper (5), then enter in feeding screw (4) by hopper (5) and feeding screw (4) interface;
S2, send in spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer (1) by feeding screw (4), spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer (1) in rotation process by biomass material pyrolysis;
S3, pyrolysis product coke are sent into charcoal case (11) by spiral rotary drum type pyrolyzer (1), and pyrolysis gas contacts with sintered pipes (8), pyrolysis gas generation second pyrolysis;
S4, pyrolysis gas are discharged eventually through the outlet of charcoal case (11) top.
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| CN106753467A (en) * | 2016-12-25 | 2017-05-31 | 赖德勤 | Drum-type gas retort |
| CN108641736A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2018-10-12 | 苏州普洛代尔机电有限公司 | Biomass cracking carbide furnace |
| CN110157457A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-08-23 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of device and its application from heat supply biomass continuous pyrolysis charcoal |
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Application publication date: 20150916 |