Background technology
Fracturing propping agents are a kind of ceramic particle products, have very high fracturing strengh, are mainly used in oil field well and support, and to increase the output of oil and gas, belong to environmentfriendly products.It utilizes the multiple starting material such as fine aluminum alumina, forms with ceramic post sintering, is the substitute of the Medium and low intensity propping agents such as natural siliceous sand, glass sphere, Metal Ball, has good result to stimulating oil Sweet natural gas.During oil and gas deep mining, high locking pressure deposits of low permeability, after fracture treatment, makes Oil gas-containing rock layer split, and oil gas collects from the passage of cracking initiation.Enter Filling with haydite propping material in rock crack in company with high-pressure solution, play and support crack not stress release and closed effect, thus keep high flow conductivity, make oil gas unimpeded, increase yield.Facts have proved, use the oil well of ceramsite propping agent pressure break to improve output 30-50%, the Oil/gas Well length of service can also be extended.Fracturing propping agents are pressure break filled medias required in oil shale oil, shale gas and cbm development process, and worldwide the exploitation of coal-seam gas is still in the starting stage, therefore less to the achievement in research of cbm development ceramic fracturing used propping agent.
Current domestic and international fracturing propping agents used are mainly based on high-density (the close degree≤1.5g/cm3 of volume), high strength (closed pressure≤52MPa) product of oil shale oil and shale gas application, and the principal feature of this product is that density is large, intensity is high; Shortcoming is because density is large, cause its suspension property and guide performance poor, such that pressure break locking pressure is large, pressure break area is little, construction cost is high.
Based on the mining depth of coal-seam gas than oil shale oil and the shallow fact of shale gas, little (≤the 42MPa of its pressure break locking pressure), the intensity of the ceramic proppant therefore required for it is relatively low, therefore develop low-density ceramic fracturing propping agent and can reduce pressing crack construction cost, increase pressure break area, improve pressure break efficiency.
Application number be 200880004784.8 Chinese patent application a kind of low-density ceramic proppant is disclosed, it is made up of light aggregate and ceramic binding materials, wherein natural mineral is used as described light aggregate, described natural mineral can expand when firing its volume in proppant particles, and changes its true density and apparent density.Described natural mineral is vermiculite, perlite, hydromica, natural zeolite, sintered aggregate, swelling clay, and described ceramic binding materials is aluminum oxide, kaolin, bauxite or their composition.
The raw material composition of above-mentioned low-density ceramic proppant makes its raw materials cost higher, and in the preparation process of simultaneously described low-density ceramic proppant, its firing temperature is high, make preparation cost also higher.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of firing temperature low and low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents that cost is low and preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents, the raw material comprising following weight part is prepared from: kaolin 70-85 part, rice husk class plant shell 8-20 part and ceramic additive 5-15 part, and described rice husk class plant shell is through anoxic carbonizing treatment.
The present invention also discloses a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents, after described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive are mixed according to the above ratio, carry out successively pulverizing, granulation, burn till, overlay film and solidification, described temperature of burning till is 1150-1250 DEG C, time is 5-12h, add resin in described overlay film, the weight of described resin is the 2-10% of described kaolin, plant shell and ceramic additive gross weight, and the temperature of described solidification is less than or equal to 170 DEG C.
The beneficial effect of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention is:
(1) low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention adopt kaolin and plant shell as raw material, reduce raw materials cost;
(2) volume density of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention is 1.05 ~ 1.18 (g/cm
3), volume density is 1.50 ~ 1.80 (g/cm
3), small product size density, volume density significantly reduce compared with currently available products, and flow conductivity improves, thus reduce construction cost, improve pressure break area;
(3) the resistant to breakage ability of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention is: under 42MPa locking pressure, 40/60 order product percentage of damage≤8%; 16/40 order product percentage of damage≤12%; 12/20 order product percentage of damage≤16%, has the beneficial effect that product percentage of damage is low, and it in the development & application of coal-seam gas, and achieves positive effect.
The beneficial effect of the preparation method of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention is:
(1) firing temperature of the preparation method of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention is 1150-1250 DEG C, and compared with existing ceramic proppant product, firing temperature is effectively reduced, thus reduces production cost;
(2) volume density of its low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents prepared is 1.05 ~ 1.18 (g/cm
3), volume density is 1.50 ~ 1.80 (g/cm
3), small product size density, volume density significantly reduce compared with currently available products, and flow conductivity improves, thus reduce construction cost, improve pressure break area; Meanwhile, under 42MPa locking pressure, 40/60 order product percentage of damage≤8%; 16/40 order product percentage of damage≤12%; 12/20 order product percentage of damage≤16%, has the beneficial effect that product percentage of damage is low;
(3) technique is simple and easy to promote, and can be widely used in the development & application of coal-seam gas.
Embodiment
By describing technology contents of the present invention in detail, being realized object and effect, be explained below in conjunction with embodiment.
The design of most critical of the present invention is: by using kaolin and plant shell as raw material, thus obtain the low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents compared with low density and percentage of damage, and reduce its cost.
A kind of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention, the raw material comprising following weight part is prepared from: kaolin 70-85 part, plant shell 8-20 part and ceramic additive 5-15 part, described plant shell is through anoxic carbonizing treatment.
The beneficial effect of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention is:
(1) low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention adopt kaolin and plant shell as raw material, reduce raw materials cost;
(2) volume density of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention is 1.05 ~ 1.18 (g/cm
3), volume density is 1.50 ~ 1.80 (g/cm
3), small product size density, volume density significantly reduce compared with currently available products, and flow conductivity improves, thus reduce construction cost, improve pressure break area;
(3) the resistant to breakage ability of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention is: under 42MPa locking pressure, 40/60 order product percentage of damage≤8%; 16/40 order product percentage of damage≤12%; 12/20 order product percentage of damage≤16%, has the beneficial effect that product percentage of damage is low, and it in the development & application of coal-seam gas, and achieves positive effect.
Further, described raw material also comprises resin, and the weight of described resin is the 2-10% of raw material gross weight.
Further, described resin is resol and/or Vinylite.
Seen from the above description, can also add resin in described raw material, consider from performance, process complexity and cost, described resin is preferably resol and Vinylite.
Further, the fineness of described raw material is more than or equal to 300 orders.
Seen from the above description, material fineness can affect the microtexture of product, and then the index such as the intensity affecting product, and the fineness of raw material of the present invention is more than or equal to 300 orders, has the advantage that intensity is good.
Further, be prepared from by the raw material of following weight part: kaolin 70-85 part, rice husk class plant shell 8-20 part and ceramic additive 5-15 part, described rice husk class plant shell is through anoxic carbonizing treatment.
The present invention also discloses a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents, after described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive are mixed according to the above ratio, carry out successively pulverizing, granulation, burn till, overlay film and solidification, described temperature of burning till is 1150-1250 DEG C, time is 5-12h, add resin in described overlay film, the weight of described resin is the 2-10% of described kaolin, plant shell and ceramic additive gross weight, and the temperature of described solidification is less than or equal to 170 DEG C.
The beneficial effect of the preparation method of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention is:
(1) firing temperature of the preparation method of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention is 1150-1250 DEG C, and compared with existing ceramic proppant product, firing temperature is effectively reduced, thus reduces production cost;
(2) volume density of its low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents prepared is 1.05 ~ 1.18 (g/cm
3), volume density is 1.50 ~ 1.80 (g/cm
3), small product size density, volume density significantly reduce compared with currently available products, and flow conductivity improves, thus reduce construction cost, improve pressure break area; Meanwhile, under 42MPa locking pressure, 40/60 order product percentage of damage≤8%; 16/40 order product percentage of damage≤12%; 12/20 order product percentage of damage≤16%, has the beneficial effect that product percentage of damage is low;
(3) technique is simple and easy to promote, and can be widely used in the development & application of coal-seam gas.
Further, the fineness of described kaolin, plant shell, ceramic additive and resin is more than or equal to 300 orders respectively.
Embodiments of the invention one are:
A kind of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present embodiment, are prepared from by the raw material of following weight part: kaolin 70 parts, rice husk class plant shell 8 parts and ceramic additive 5 parts, and described rice husk class plant shell is through anoxic carbonizing treatment.Described anoxic carbonizing treatment is preferably and pending thing is decomposited inflammable gas, tar and wooden carbon through high temperature burning in charring furnace.
The preparation method of the low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present embodiment, after described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive are mixed according to the above ratio, carry out successively pulverizing, granulation, burn till, overlay film and solidification, described temperature of burning till is 1150 DEG C, time is 5h, add resin in described overlay film, the weight of described resin is 2% of described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive gross weight, and the temperature of described solidification equals 170 DEG C.Preferably, mixed raw material according to the above ratio can be put and be milled to fineness to ball mill is 300 orders, balling-up in nodulizer after half dry powder of drying, enter rotary kiln after then carrying out drying, screening and burn till, the product after burning till carries out overlay film in laminating machine.
Embodiments of the invention two are:
A kind of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present embodiment, are prepared from by the raw material of following weight part: kaolin 85 parts, rice husk class plant shell 20 parts and ceramic additive 15 parts, and described rice husk class plant shell is through anoxic carbonizing treatment.
The preparation method of the low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present embodiment, after described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive are mixed according to the above ratio, carry out successively pulverizing, granulation, burn till, overlay film and solidification, described temperature of burning till is 1250 DEG C, time is 12h, add resin in described overlay film, the weight of described resin is 10% of described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive gross weight, and the temperature of described solidification is 150 DEG C.
Embodiments of the invention three are:
A kind of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present embodiment, are prepared from by the raw material of following weight part: kaolin 75 parts, rice husk class plant shell 15 parts and ceramic additive 10 parts, and described rice husk class plant shell is through anoxic carbonizing treatment.
The preparation method of the low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present embodiment, after described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive are mixed according to the above ratio, carry out successively pulverizing, granulation, burn till, overlay film and solidification, described temperature of burning till is 1200 DEG C, time is 8h, add overlay film resin in described overlay film, the weight of described resin is 6% of described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive gross weight, and the temperature of described solidification is 100 DEG C.
Embodiments of the invention four are:
A kind of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present embodiment, the raw material comprising following weight part is prepared from: kaolin 70 parts, rice husk class plant shell 8 parts and ceramic additive 5 parts, and described rice husk class plant shell is through anoxic carbonizing treatment.Described raw material also comprises resin, and the weight of described resin is 2% of raw material gross weight, and described resin is resol and/or Vinylite, and the fineness of described raw material equals 300 orders.
The preparation method of the low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present embodiment, after described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive are mixed according to the above ratio, carry out successively pulverizing, granulation, burn till, overlay film and solidification, described temperature of burning till is 1150 DEG C, time is 5h, add resin in described overlay film, the weight of described resin is 2% of described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive gross weight, and the temperature of described solidification equals 170 DEG C.
Embodiments of the invention five are:
A kind of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present embodiment, the raw material comprising following weight part is prepared from: kaolin 85 parts, rice husk class plant shell 20 parts and ceramic additive 15 parts, and described rice husk class plant shell is through anoxic carbonizing treatment.Described raw material also comprises resin, and the weight of described resin is 10% of raw material gross weight, and described resin is resol and/or Vinylite, and the fineness of described raw material is 500 orders.
The preparation method of the low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present embodiment, after described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive are mixed according to the above ratio, carry out successively pulverizing, granulation, burn till, overlay film and solidification, described temperature of burning till is 1250 DEG C, time is 12h, add resin in described overlay film, the weight of described resin is 10% of described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive gross weight, and the temperature of described solidification is 150 DEG C.
Embodiments of the invention six are:
A kind of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present embodiment, the raw material comprising following weight part is prepared from: kaolin 75 parts, rice husk class plant shell 10 parts and ceramic additive 7 parts, described plant shell is through anoxic carbonizing treatment.Described raw material also comprises resin, and the weight of described resin is 5% of raw material gross weight, and described resin is resol and/or Vinylite, and the fineness of described raw material is 900 orders.
The preparation method of the low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present embodiment, after described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive are mixed according to the above ratio, carry out successively pulverizing, granulation, burn till, overlay film and solidification, described temperature of burning till is 1200 DEG C, time is 8h, add resin in described overlay film, the weight of described resin is 6% of described kaolin, rice husk class plant shell and ceramic additive gross weight, and the temperature of described solidification is 100 DEG C.
Effect analysis
1, the low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents that above-described embodiment one to embodiment six obtains are carried out volume density, measurement of apparent density respectively.
Measurement result is, the volume density of the low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents that embodiment one to embodiment six obtains is 1.05 ~ 1.18 (g/cm
3), volume density is 1.50 ~ 1.80 (g/cm
3).Low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention have volume density and the low character of volume density.
Low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents above-described embodiment one to embodiment six obtained, respectively under 42MPa locking pressure, carry out resistant to breakage aptitude tests respectively to its 40/60 order, 16/40 order and 12/20 order size.
Test result shows, and the resistant to breakage ability of the low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents that embodiment one to embodiment six obtains is: under 42MPa locking pressure, percentage of damage≤8% of 40/60 order size; Percentage of damage≤12% of 16/40 order size; Percentage of damage≤16% of 12/20 order size.Low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention have the low advantage of percentage of damage.
In sum, low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents provided by the invention have that cost is low, volume density and volume density is low, flow conductivity is high, resistant to breakage ability is strong advantage, the preparation method of low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents of the present invention has that firing temperature is low, production cost is low, technique is simple and easy to the advantage promoted, the volume density of its low-density ceramic fracturing propping agents prepared and volume density is low, flow conductivity is high and resistant to breakage ability is strong.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every equivalents utilizing description of the present invention to do, or be directly or indirectly used in relevant technical field, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.