CN104908761B - A kind of railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard and its friction stir welding method - Google Patents
A kind of railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard and its friction stir welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104908761B CN104908761B CN201510376202.0A CN201510376202A CN104908761B CN 104908761 B CN104908761 B CN 104908761B CN 201510376202 A CN201510376202 A CN 201510376202A CN 104908761 B CN104908761 B CN 104908761B
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- section bar
- aluminium alloy
- welding
- welded
- side wallboard
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D7/00—Hopper cars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/041—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures with bodies characterised by use of light metal, e.g. aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
- B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
- B61D17/08—Sides
Abstract
A kind of railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard and friction stir welding method, framed side wallboard are integrally spliced to form by aluminium alloy extrusions；According to the shape of car body side wallboard and requirement, using different aluminum alloys section bar, aluminium alloy extrusions is welded to each other by agitating friction weldering, monoblock aluminium alloy framed side wallboard is formed.The agitating friction weldering is that the aluminium alloy extrusions for constituting railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard is lined up in sequence, and each aluminium alloy extrusions is welded together each other by agitating friction weldering, forms the railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard of monoblock.The present invention constitutes wallboard using aluminium alloy extrusions, with Stability Analysis of Structures, and intensity is high, the characteristics of good appearance, is riveted on compared to original with plate on framework, bulk strength will be improved a lot, and profile is very attractive in appearance beautiful.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of part of goods train vehicle and preparation method thereof, and in particular to a kind of railway freight-car side
Wallboard and its welding manner, particularly a kind of utilization agitating friction weldering make the method and product of railway freight-car framed side wallboard, belong to iron
Afloat car manufacturing technology field.
Background technology：
Railway Freight Transportation is that the vehicle on the important component of railway transportation, railway for carrying goods is referred to as iron
Afloat car.It is different by its purposes, general purpose freight car and unitrain can be divided into.Main Types have box car, open-top car, tank car, flat car
With hopper wagon etc..Recently in order to improve transport power, it is proposed that make railway freight-car using aluminum alloy materials, wherein aluminium alloy railway leaks
Trolley is exactly one of which, but present hopper wagon is all the tower structure used, i.e., placement one is whole on bogie
The car body of body framework, these car bodies are all to get up to be formed a vehicle body frame by different profile material assemblings, then by steel plate or aluminium
Alloy sheets are fixed on the car body of framework by riveting.The railway freight-car made using such method railway freight-car, though
The weight of car body can be mitigated by so employing aluminum alloy materials, but overall structure is very complicated, and difficulty of construction is big, and appearance
Because framework is all emerging in outside, so be not to seem very clean and tidy, it is necessary that this is improved.
Do not have discovery to have the patent literature constructed with the present invention by patent retrieval, have certain relation with the present invention
Patent mainly have following：
1st, Patent No. CN201410373006, the patent of invention of entitled " wagon body of hopper wagon for railroad transportation bottom side rail ", this is special
Profit discloses a kind of wagon body of hopper wagon for railroad transportation bottom side rail, and it is made up of whole hollow extruded aluminum alloy profile, the hollow extruded aluminum alloy profile
With vertical plane under outer arc face, inner side ramp and inner side, vertical plane is enclosed under outer arc face, inner side ramp and inner side
Special-shaped cavity in set and be divided into the oblique reinforcement and cross reinforcing of three separate chambers, at the top of outer arc face
Upwardly extend the variable cross-section slope being integrated with inner side ramp top, the top that variable cross-section slope crosses with inner side ramp
Portion is provided with vertically arranged upper connection aerofoil, and the bottom that outer arc face crosses with vertical plane under inner side is provided with the lower connection wing
Face.
2nd, Patent No. CN201310752438, the patent of invention of entitled " sidewall structure of hopper wagon ", patent is public
A kind of sidewall structure of hopper wagon has been opened, including：Top side rail (1), integrated lateral wallboard (2) with global formation, it is overall into
The bottom side rail (3) and lower side wall (4) of type；The top side rail (1) and the integrated lateral wallboard (2) of lower section rivet；The side
The bottom side rail (3) of wallboard (2) and the global formation of lower section is riveted；The framed side wallboard is the sheet-pile of wallboard and lateral column integral type
Structure, the lateral column is arranged on body inner side；The bottom side rail (3) and the lower side wall (4) of lower section are riveted.
3rd, Patent No. CN201320841576, the practicality of entitled " Railway Coal hopper wagon bottom side rail attachment structure "
New patent, which disclose a kind of Railway Coal hopper wagon bottom side rail attachment structure, and its curb girder has in cavity structure
Empty beam body, the medial surface upper section slants outward of hollow beam body be formed with the top of slope, slope upwardly extend be formed with it is vertical
The straight wing, is formed between vertical tail, and the lateral surface of hollow beam body and makes a concession step for installing side wall；Its lower side wall with it is hollow
The medial surface riveting of beam body, its many lateral column perpendicular separation arrangements are simultaneously riveted with the lateral surface of hollow beam body, and side wall is inserted thereon
Between the vertical tail, and many lateral columns of hollow beam body and three riveting be integrated, its underframe curb girder be located at hollow beam body one
End and also the medial surface riveting with hollow beam body.
So although these above-mentioned patents are directed to railway hopper car, also it is proposed and structure is carried out using aluminium alloy
Some are improved, but all do not change existing use general frame fundamentally, then in the mode of riveting aluminium alloy plate above and
Structure, therefore the overall structure of existing aluminium alloy hopper wagon makes complicated, the inaesthetic problem of profile still has, still need into
One step is improved.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for complicated present in existing railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon, manufacture difficulty is big,
The inaesthetic deficiency of profile, proposes a kind of new railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard and preparation method thereof, the railway aluminium alloy
Hopper wagon framed side wallboard have it is simple in construction, it is simple for production, the characteristics of good appearance.
In order to reach this purpose, the invention provides a kind of railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard, framed side wallboard it is overall by
Aluminium alloy extrusions is spliced to form；According to the shape of car body side wallboard and requirement, using different aluminum alloys section bar, pass through agitating friction
Aluminium alloy extrusions is welded to each other by weldering, forms monoblock aluminium alloy framed side wallboard.
Further, described aluminium alloy extrusions includes 3 kinds of section bars, wherein, in-line section bar 16, a word Intermediate Gray
Carried in the middle of " people " font rib section bar 4, a word and boss type material 4 is carried in the middle of triangle rib section bar 5, a word, amounted to
29, above-mentioned section bar is lined up in sequence, welded by agitating friction weldering, form monoblock aluminium alloy framed side wallboard shape
Into monoblock aluminium alloy framed side wallboard formation monoblock aluminium alloy framed side wallboard.
Further, described aluminium alloy extrusions according to both sides symmetric arrays mode order arrange, it is unilateral from edge in
Between put in order in the middle of 2 blocks of in-line section bars, 1 piece of one word with boss type material, 1 block of in-line section bar, 1 piece of one word in the middle of
Triangle rib section bar, 1 piece of in-line section bar, 1 piece of one word are carried with boss section bar, 1 piece of in-line section bar, 1 piece of one word centre
Intermediate Gray " people " font rib section bar, 1 piece of in-line section bar, 1 piece of one word centre carry triangle rib section bar, 1 piece of in-line type
Material, 1 piece of one word Intermediate Gray " people " font rib section bar, 1 block of in-line section bar, it is 1 piece of one word Intermediate Gray that symmetrical centre is most middle
There is triangle rib section bar, both sides add up 29 pieces altogether.
Further, between described various aluminium alloy extrusions and section bar, take agitating friction weldering to weld, formed whole
Side wallboard.
A kind of friction stir welding method for realizing above-mentioned railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard, will constitute railway aluminium alloy
The aluminium alloy extrusions of hopper wagon framed side wallboard is lined up in sequence, and by agitating friction weldering by each aluminium alloy extrusions mutually it
Between be welded together, formed monoblock railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard.
Further, described Friction stir welding process is：
1) section bar is examined；
2) welding preparation；
3) section bar is assembled；
4) agitating friction is welded；
5) postwelding deflashing；
6) back of weld is polished；
7) final inspection.
Further, it is that side wall is carried out before friction welding is stirred by inspection procedure to section bar that described section bar, which is examined,
Sampling observation, prepares section bar 29, including word Intermediate Gray " people " font rib section bar 4, in-line section bar 16, one after having inspected by random samples
Carried in the middle of word and boss type material 4 is carried in the middle of triangle rib section bar 5, a word, welding region is carried out with motor wire brush
Mechanical grinding, it is desirable to remove surface film oxide, after polishing terminates, region upper and lower surface to be welded and docking are wiped with alcohol or acetone
Face.
Further, described welding preparation is to use miking welding region thickness, it is desirable to one is measured per 500mm
Point, and measured value is marked on section bar with marking pen；Measurement terminate after, to totally 2 groups between in-line section bar and in-line section bar,
Totally 4 groups between in-line section bar and in-line Intermediate Gray triangle rib section bar, in-line section bar and in-line Intermediate Gray herringbone
Totally 4 groups between rib section bar, between in-line section bar and in-line Intermediate Gray boss rib section bar totally 4 groups selected with to be installed
Match somebody with somebody, check composition backing whether there is the foreign matters such as pit and aluminium skimmings before assembling, and composition backing is cleared up.
Further, the assembling of described section bar is first to select in-line section bar 2（Weld seam 001）, load welding equipment work
In dress, upper surface is compressed, it is desirable to which backing plate and section bar welding region are sturdy, and side is held out against, fit-up gap≤0.4mm, unfitness of butt joint≤
0.4mm；After the completion of assembling, from stirring-head, wherein prewelding stirring-head specification is：Shaft shoulder Φ 8mm, donut；The long 1mm of pin；
It is taper, threaded；Formally welding stirring-head specification is：Long T-0.3mm≤the L of pin≤T-0.2mm, the shaft shoulder：Φ20mm；Shaft shoulder shape
Formula：Evagination helix；Mixing needle form specification is：Taper, threaded, three tangent plane mixing needles.
Further, described agitating friction welding is the welding procedure for editing weld seam 001, and is simulated, it is desirable to right
Length≤10mm is not welded in large deviations≤0.4mm, wall scroll weld seam starting and ending end；Prewelding parameter：Rotating speed 1400rpm, weldering speed
1000mm/min, formally welds parameter：Rotating speed 1400rpm, weldering speed 1000mm/min, using prewelding stirring-head and formal weldering stirring-head
Successively welded；0.1~0.3mm of intrusion is required in welding process, observation appearance of weld and uropore shaping is noted；
It is required that face of weld smooth, uropore zero defect；During welding, first welded seam 001 is welded since one end toward the other end,
Weld after weld seam 001, welding head is moved to the start bit of weld seam 002, the in-line section bar being soldered has been pushed away toward bracket, by one
Font Intermediate Gray boss rib section bar is assembled with the in-line section bar welded, by the parameter of welded seam 001, starts welding
Weld seam 002, then profiled mounting successively, welded seam 003~014 successively, material is thus formed the half of whole framed side wallboard, then
Another side framed side wallboard is welded in this way.Two halves framed side wallboard is stitched together to form overall framed side wallboard.
Further, described postwelding deflashing is after all having welded, eliminating flap edges will to be welded with knife is picked, during operation
Ensure face of weld and mother metal rounding off.
Further, described back of weld polishing is that after having welded, side wall is unloaded from welding tooling, by sized flap wheel
Mechanical grinding is carried out to back of weld on electric grinder.
Further, described final inspection is that after polishing is finished, final inspection is carried out to side wall；After the assay was approved, transport
It is transferred to storehouse.
The advantage of the invention is that：
The present invention takes aluminium alloy extrusions to be spliced to form railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard, mainly there is following characteristics：
(1) wallboard is constituted using aluminium alloy extrusions, with Stability Analysis of Structures, intensity is high, the characteristics of good appearance, compared to original
That comes is riveted on framework with plate, and bulk strength will be improved a lot, and profile is very attractive in appearance beautiful；
(2) welding point heat affected area microscopic structure changes small residual stress than relatively low, and welding workpiece deformation is small；Pass through
Rational arrangement section bar can cause overall structure to be optimized well；
(3) can a constitution into longer weld seam, heavy in section, diverse location welding, be applicable wide；
(4) mechanization, automation are conveniently realized in operating process, and equipment is simple, and energy consumption is low, and effect is high；
(5) welding wire need not be added, is not required to weld preceding oxide film dissolving during weldering aluminium alloy, it is not necessary to which protective gas, cost is low；
(6) welding process safety, zero defect, without splashing, pollution-free, smoke dust, radiationless etc.；
(7) welding quality stable is reliable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon side wall plate structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a half of schematic top plan view of the railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard structure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the in-line section bar schematic cross-section of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is word Intermediate Gray " people " font rib section bar schematic cross-section of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is that triangle rib section bar schematic cross-section is carried in the middle of the word of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is that boss type material schematic cross-section is carried in the middle of the word of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is expanded on further with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one
It is can be seen that by attached Fig. 1 and 2 the present invention relates to a kind of railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard, framed side wallboard is overall
It is spliced to form by aluminium alloy extrusions；According to the shape of car body side wallboard and requirement, using different aluminum alloys section bar, rubbed by stirring
Wipe weldering to be welded to each other aluminium alloy extrusions, form monoblock aluminium alloy framed side wallboard.
Further, described aluminium alloy extrusions includes 3 kinds of section bars, wherein, in-line section bar 16, a word Intermediate Gray
Carried in the middle of " people " font rib section bar 4, a word and boss type material 4 is carried in the middle of triangle rib section bar 5, a word, amounted to
29, above-mentioned section bar is lined up in sequence, welded by agitating friction weldering, form monoblock aluminium alloy framed side wallboard shape
Into monoblock aluminium alloy framed side wallboard formation monoblock aluminium alloy framed side wallboard.
Further, the arrangement of described aluminium alloy extrusions order is according to both sides symmetric arrays mode, from both sides edge in
Between be respectively 2 blocks of in-line section bars 1 and 2, in the middle of 1 piece of one word with boss type material 3,1 block of in-line section bar 4,1 piece of one word in the middle of
With in the middle of boss section bar 5,1 block of in-line section bar 6,1 piece of one word with triangle rib section bar 7,1 block of in-line section bar 8,1 piece
One word Intermediate Gray " people " font rib section bar 9,1 block of in-line section bar 10, in the middle of 1 piece of one word with triangle rib section bar 11,1 piece
In-line section bar 12,1 piece of one word Intermediate Gray " people " font rib section bar 13,1 block of in-line section bar 14, most middle is 1 piece of one word
Centre carries triangle rib section bar 15, and both sides add up 29 pieces altogether；Agitating friction weldering is taken to weld between each section bar and section bar
Pick up and, form overall framed side wallboard.
Above-mentioned listed embodiment, simply carries out clear, complete description with reference to accompanying drawing to technical scheme；It is aobvious
So, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, all other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
From above-described embodiment as can be seen that realizing above-mentioned railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard the invention further relates to a kind of
Friction stir welding method, the aluminium alloy extrusions for constituting railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard is lined up in sequence, and
Each aluminium alloy extrusions is welded together each other by agitating friction weldering, the railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon of monoblock is formed
Framed side wallboard.
Further, described Friction stir welding process is：
1) section bar is examined；
2) welding preparation；
3) section bar is assembled；
4) agitating friction is welded；
5) postwelding deflashing；
6) back of weld is polished；
7）Final inspection.
Further, it is that side wall is carried out before friction welding is stirred by inspection procedure to section bar that described section bar, which is examined,
Sampling observation, section bar 29 is prepared after having inspected by random samples（Including in-line Intermediate Gray herringbone rib section bar 4, in-line section bar 16, one
Font Intermediate Gray triangle rib section bar 5, in-line Intermediate Gray boss rib section bar 4）, with motor wire brush to welding region
Carry out mechanical grinding, it is desirable to remove surface film oxide, after polishing terminates, with alcohol or acetone wipe region upper and lower surface to be welded and
Interface.
Further, described welding preparation is to use miking welding region thickness, it is desirable to one is measured per 500mm
Point, and measured value is marked on section bar with marking pen.After measurement terminates, between in-line section bar and in-line section bar（Totally 2
Group）, between in-line section bar and in-line Intermediate Gray triangle rib section bar（Totally 4 groups）, in-line section bar and in-line Intermediate Gray
Between herringbone rib section bar（Totally 4 groups）, between in-line section bar and in-line Intermediate Gray boss rib section bar（Totally 4 groups）Carry out
Selection checks composition backing whether there is the foreign matters such as pit and aluminium skimmings, and composition backing is cleared up with to be assembled before assembling.
Further, the assembling of described section bar is first to select in-line section bar 2（Weld seam 01#）, load welding equipment work
In dress, upper surface is compressed, it is desirable to which backing plate and section bar welding region are sturdy, and side is held out against, fit-up gap≤0.4mm, unfitness of butt joint≤
0.4mm.After the completion of assembling, from stirring-head, wherein prewelding stirring-head specification is：Shaft shoulder Φ 8mm, donut；The long 1mm of pin.
It is taper, threaded.Formally welding stirring-head specification is：Long T-0.3mm≤the L of pin≤T-0.2mm, the shaft shoulder：Φ20mm；Shaft shoulder shape
Formula：Evagination helix.Mixing needle form specification is：Taper, threaded, three tangent planes.
Further, further, described agitating friction welding is the welding procedure for editing weld seam 001, and carries out mould
Intend, it is desirable to do not weld length≤10mm in alignment deviation≤0.4mm, wall scroll weld seam starting and ending end；Prewelding parameter：Rotating speed
1400rpm, weldering speed 1000mm/min, formally welds parameter：Rotating speed 1400rpm, weldering speed 1000mm/min, using prewelding stirring-head and
Formal weldering stirring-head is successively welded；0.1~0.3mm of intrusion is required in welding process, notes observing appearance of weld
And uropore shaping；It is required that face of weld smooth, uropore zero defect；During welding, first welded seam 001, since one end
Toward other end welding, weld after weld seam 001, welding head is moved to the start bit of weld seam 002, by the in-line section bar being soldered
Push away toward bracket, in-line Intermediate Gray boss rib section bar and the in-line section bar that has welded are assembled, by welded seam 001
Parameter, starts welded seam 002, then profiled mounting successively, successively welded seam 003~014, material is thus formed whole side
The half of wallboard, another side framed side wallboard is welded according still further to the method.Two halves framed side wallboard is stitched together to form overall framed side wallboard.
Further, described postwelding deflashing is after all having welded, eliminating flap edges will to be welded with knife is picked, during operation
Ensure face of weld and mother metal rounding off.Side wall side is cut with sawing machine, end face is smooth, cutting speed is fast, cut per side
The time is cut less than 7 minutes, production efficiency is substantially increased.
Further, described back of weld polishing is that after having welded, side wall is unloaded from welding tooling, by sized flap wheel
Mechanical grinding is carried out to back of weld on electric grinder.
Further, described final inspection is that after polishing is finished, final inspection is carried out to side wall.After the assay was approved, transport
It is transferred to storehouse.After the completion of FSW sidewall welding operations, the detection of geometrical and toleranging is carried out to it, while using cutting down
Rim charge to correspondence weld seam carry out it is just curved, carry on the back curved and tension test.
The advantage of the invention is that：
The present invention takes aluminium alloy extrusions to be spliced to form railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard, mainly there is following characteristics：
(1) wallboard is constituted using aluminium alloy extrusions, with Stability Analysis of Structures, intensity is high, the characteristics of good appearance, compared to original
That comes is riveted on framework with plate, and bulk strength will be improved a lot, and profile is very attractive in appearance beautiful；
(2) welding point heat affected area microscopic structure changes small residual stress than relatively low, and welding workpiece deformation is small；Pass through
Rational arrangement section bar can cause overall structure to be optimized well；
(3) can a constitution into longer weld seam, heavy in section, diverse location welding, be applicable wide；
(4) mechanization, automation are conveniently realized in operating process, and equipment is simple, and energy consumption is low, and effect is high；
(5) welding wire need not be added, is not required to weld preceding oxide film dissolving during weldering aluminium alloy, it is not necessary to which protective gas, cost is low；
(6) welding process safety, zero defect, without splashing, pollution-free, smoke dust, radiationless etc.；
(7) welding quality stable is reliable.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard, framed side wallboard is integrally spliced to form by aluminium alloy extrusions；According to vehicle body side wall
Aluminium alloy extrusions, using different aluminum alloys section bar, is welded to each other by the shape of plate and requirement by agitating friction weldering, is formed
Monoblock aluminium alloy framed side wallboard；It is characterized in that：Described aluminium alloy extrusions includes 3 kinds of section bars, wherein, in-line section bar 16,
Carried in the middle of one word Intermediate Gray " people " font rib section bar 4, a word and boss type is carried in the middle of triangle rib section bar 5, a word
Material 4, above-mentioned section bar is lined up in sequence, welded by agitating friction weldering by 29 altogether, is formed unitary block of aluminum and is closed
Golden framed side wallboard；Described aluminium alloy extrusions is arranged according to both sides symmetric arrays mode order, unilateral from edge to middle arrangement
Order is 2 blocks of in-line section bars, 1 piece of one word centre carries boss with boss type material, 1 piece of in-line section bar, 1 piece of one word centre
Section bar, 1 piece of in-line section bar, 1 piece of one word centre carry triangle rib section bar, 1 piece of in-line section bar, 1 piece of one word Intermediate Gray
" people " font rib section bar, 1 block of in-line section bar, in the middle of 1 piece of one word with triangle rib section bar, 1 block of in-line section bar, 1 piece
One word Intermediate Gray " people " font rib section bar, 1 block of in-line section bar, it is that triangle is carried in the middle of 1 piece of one word that symmetrical centre is most middle
Rib section bar, both sides add up 29 pieces altogether；Between described aluminium alloy extrusions and section bar, agitating friction weldering is taken to weld
Come, form overall framed side wallboard.
2. a kind of friction stir welding method for realizing railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard described in claim 1, its feature exists
In：The aluminium alloy extrusions for constituting railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard is lined up in sequence, and passes through agitating friction weldering
Each aluminium alloy extrusions is welded together each other, the railway aluminium alloy hopper wagon framed side wallboard of monoblock is formed；Described
Friction stir welding process is：
Section bar is examined；
Welding preparation；
Section bar is assembled；
Agitating friction is welded；
Postwelding deflashing；
Back of weld is polished；
Final inspection.
3. friction stir welding method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is that side wall is being carried out that described section bar, which is examined,
Section bar is inspected by random samples by inspection procedure before agitating friction welding, prepares section bar 29, including a word Intermediate Gray after having inspected by random samples
Carry and carried in the middle of triangle rib section bar 5, a word in the middle of " people " font rib section bar 4, in-line section bar 16, a word
Boss section bar 4, mechanical grinding is carried out with motor wire brush to welding region, it is desirable to remove surface film oxide, after polishing terminates,
Region upper and lower surface to be welded and interface are wiped with alcohol or acetone.
4. friction stir welding method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described welding preparation is surveyed with micrometer
Measure welding region thickness, it is desirable to a point is measured per 500mm, and measured value is marked on section bar with marking pen；After measurement terminates,
To totally 2 groups between in-line section bar and in-line section bar, between in-line section bar and in-line Intermediate Gray triangle rib section bar totally 4
Totally 4 groups between group, in-line section bar and in-line Intermediate Gray herringbone rib section bar, in-line section bar and in-line Intermediate Gray it is convex
Between platform rib section bar totally 4 groups selected with to be assembled, check composition backing whether there is pit and aluminium skimmings foreign matter before assembling, and right
Composition backing is cleared up.
5. friction stir welding method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described section bar assembling is first to select a word
Shape section bar 2, loads in welding equipment frock, compresses upper surface, it is desirable to which backing plate and section bar welding region are sturdy, and side is held out against,
Fit-up gap≤0.4mm, unfitness of butt joint≤0.4mm；After the completion of assembling, from stirring-head, wherein prewelding stirring-head specification is：The shaft shoulder
Φ 8mm, donut；The long 1mm of pin；It is taper, threaded；Formally welding stirring-head specification is：Long T-0.3mm≤the L of pin≤T-
0.2mm, the shaft shoulder：Φ20mm；Shaft shoulder form：Evagination helix；Mixing needle form specification is：Taper, threaded, three tangent planes stirring
Pin.
6. friction stir welding method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described agitating friction welding is editor's weldering
The welding procedure of seam 001, and is simulated, it is desirable to alignment deviation≤0.4mm, wall scroll weld seam starting and ending end do not weld length≤
10mm；Prewelding parameter：Rotating speed 1400rpm, weldering speed 1000mm/min, formally welds parameter：Rotating speed 1400rpm, weldering speed 1000mm/
Min, is successively welded using prewelding stirring-head and formal weldering stirring-head；0.1~0.3mm of intrusion is required in welding process,
Note observation appearance of weld and uropore shaping；It is required that face of weld smooth, uropore zero defect；During welding, first weld
Welding seam 001, welds toward the other end since one end, has welded after weld seam 001, welding head is moved to the starting of weld seam 002
Position, the in-line section bar being soldered is pushed away toward bracket, and in-line Intermediate Gray boss rib section bar and the in-line section bar that has welded are entered
Luggage is matched somebody with somebody, by the parameter of welded seam 001, starts welded seam 002, then profiled mounting successively, successively welded seam 003~
014, material is thus formed the half of whole framed side wallboard, another side framed side wallboard is welded according still further to the method；Two halves framed side wallboard is spelled
Pick up to form overall framed side wallboard.
7. friction stir welding method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described postwelding deflashing is to treat whole welderings
After having connect, eliminating flap edges will be welded with knife is picked, ensure face of weld and mother metal rounding off during operation；Described back of weld is beaten
Mill is that after having welded, side wall is unloaded from welding tooling, and sized flap wheel is carried out into machine to back of weld on electric grinder
Tool is polished.
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| CN106956074A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-07-18 | 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 | Friction stir welding method based on person of outstanding talent gram energy technology |
| CN108857045B (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-11-13 | 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 | Deformation control process for side wall friction stir welding |
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| CN103358104A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2013-10-23 | 富泰华工业（深圳）有限公司 | Metal shell forming method |
| CN102642079A (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2012-08-22 | 南京雷尔伟新技术有限公司 | Friction stir welding process for aluminum alloy side wall of rail transit vehicle |
| CN202591848U (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-12-12 | 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Welding head structure for connecting aluminum alloy sections |
| CN202591830U (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-12-12 | 南京雷尔伟新技术有限公司 | Friction stir welding equipment |
| CN103433658B (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2015-12-02 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空制造工程研究所 | A kind of postwelding orthopedic tool of hollow extrudate and method |
| CN203766786U (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-08-13 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Overall end wall plate for railway wagon body |
| CN203651775U (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-06-18 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | An overall side wall board for a railway freight car body |
| CN104309618B (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2016-11-16 | 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 | A kind of lightweight track vehicle body structure |
| CN204775231U (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2015-11-18 | 株洲春华实业有限责任公司 | Railway aluminum alloy hopper car side wall board |
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