CN104907495A - Preparation method of TiAl alloy investment casting shell - Google Patents
Preparation method of TiAl alloy investment casting shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN104907495A CN104907495A CN201510412506.8A CN201510412506A CN104907495A CN 104907495 A CN104907495 A CN 104907495A CN 201510412506 A CN201510412506 A CN 201510412506A CN 104907495 A CN104907495 A CN 104907495A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a TiAl alloy investment casting shell. The preparation method of the TiAl alloy investment casting shell aims at solving the problems of high cost and heavy interface reaction of the existing TiAl alloy investment casting ceramic shell. The method comprises the steps of 1, preparing the slurry of a surface layer, 2, preparing a surface-layer shell, 3, preparing an impending surface-layer shell, 4, preparing a back-layer shell, 5, sealing, and 6, dewaxing and roasting. The preparation method is used for remarkably reducing the degree of the TiAl alloy investment casting interface reaction and achieving the purposes of reducing the TiAl alloy investment casting cost and reducing the interface reaction. The shell casting is bright in surface without obvious sand burning; the thickness of the interface reaction is about 30 microns and the interface reaction degree is weaker than that of the traditional shell.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell.
Background technology
TiAl alloy due to its density low, specific strength is high, high temperature and creep resistance and antioxygenic property good, have broad application prospects in Aero-Space and industrial circle.The preparation method of TiAl alloy can be divided into three kinds of typical syntheti c routes: powder metallurgic method, ingot metallurgy+thermo-mechanical processi method and microcast process.Precision-investment casting is prepared TiAl alloy and is had the unrivaled advantage of other techniques, especially in the production of complex-shaped thin-wall member, the method can realize near-net-shape, obtains the precision component without surplus or Near net shape, significantly reduce the wastage, improve stock utilization.GE designs and manufactures TiAl alloy Melt casting the nineties in 20th century, and is applied to civil aircraft.Under the development of more than two decades in the past, TiAl alloy melted module precise casting technology reaches its maturity, and is in succession applied in areas such as the U.S., Europe, Japan.In the application of current TiAl alloy, precision castings occupies most ratio.
Under the condition of high-temperature fusion, the Ti element in TiAl alloy is very active, and almost all chemical reaction can occur with all elements, therefore in the design process of TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell, the chemical stability of surface material is important parameter.In the Modeling Material of TiAl alloy precision-investment casting, the selection of binding agent and refractory material will have a direct impact the interfacial reaction degree of foundry goods, surface oxidation degree and surface roughness etc., and thus the selection of binding agent and refractory material is most important.Binding agent needs to soak bonding refractory material, and have bright and clean wax-pattern and be coated with preferably, the catabolite after roasting simultaneously has good chemical inertness to molten Ti Al.The organic compounds such as zirconium carbonate ammonium, yttrium colloidal sol, acetic acid zirconium and Alumina gel are widely used in current TiAl alloy precision-investment casting.Wherein to be coated with performance in conjunction with yittrium oxide good for yttrium colloidal sol, and interfacial reaction degree is weak, but its cost is higher.Zirconium carbonate ammonium and acetic acid zirconium generate product and are ZrO after high-temperature roasting
2.Wherein Zirconium acetate agglutinate is better, and high-temperature roasting back layer flushing resistance is better, and price is inferior to yttrium colloidal sol; After zirconium carbonate ammonium roasting, caking property is slightly poor, but its cost is lower, applies more in the industrial production.
The refractory material of TiAl alloy precision-investment casting is mainly metal oxide, current use mainly comprise ZrO
2and Y
2o
3deng.Y
2o
3ceramic shell thermal conductivity is low, and intensity is high, and high temeperature chemistry inertia is good, pouring cast part surface-brightening, and dimensional accuracy is high, but its cost is higher.Electric smelting ZrO
2be important surface material, it is by the amorphous ZrO of chemical purification
2the crystallization ZrO of condensation knot is melted through electric smelter
2.ZrO
2shell production technology is simple, pourable high accuracy thin-section casting, but made scab layer is thicker, and surface pores tendency easily occurs.CaO is cheap, wide material sources, is better than ZrO to the inertia of molten titanium
2, but its manufacturability is not good, the very easily moisture absorption, to the preparation of shell with deposit and bring very large difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the problem that existing TiAl alloy precision-investment casting ceramic shell cost is high and interfacial reaction is serious, and a kind of preparation method of TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell is provided.
The preparation method of a kind of TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell of the present invention carries out according to the following steps:
One, the preparation of surface layer slurry: low whipping speed is add defoamer and wetting agent under the condition of 20r/min ~ 40r/min in zirconium carbonate ammonium, obtains mixed liquor, then adds ZrO to add speed for 200g/min ~ 300g/min in mixed liquor
2and CaCO
3, low whipping speed is be uniformly mixed to ZrO under the condition of 20r/min ~ 40r/min
2and CaCO
3be dispersed in mixed liquor, then low whipping speed is stir 22h ~ 24h under the condition of 80r/min ~ 100r/min, then leaves standstill 8h ~ 12h, obtains surface layer slurry;
Described ZrO
2with CaCO
3mass ratio be (1.0 ~ 1.5): 1; Described ZrO
2with CaCO
3quality sum and the mass ratio of zirconium carbonate ammonium be (2.5 ~ 3.0): 1; Described zirconium carbonate ammonium and the mass ratio of defoamer are 100:(0.05 ~ 0.2); Described zirconium carbonate ammonium and the mass ratio of wetting agent are 100:(0.05 ~ 0.2);
Two, the preparation of surface shell: wax-pattern is immersed in the surface layer slurry that step one obtains, rotating wax-pattern makes wax-pattern surface be applied by surface layer slurry completely, then the wax-pattern being coated with surface layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, adopting rain type sander to spread one deck granularity at the wax-pattern surface uniform being coated with surface layer slurry while rotation is 80 object ZrO
2sand, under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, dry 22h ~ 24h, obtains surface shell;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Three, the preparation of surface shell is faced: in the surface layer slurry that the surface shell immersion step one step 2 obtained obtains, rotating surface shell makes surface shell surface be applied by surface layer slurry completely, then the surface shell being coated with surface layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, adopting rain type sander to spread one deck granularity at the surface shell surface uniform being coated with surface layer slurry while rotation is 80 object ZrO
2sand, dry 22h ~ 24h under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtains facing surface shell;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Four, the preparation of backing layer shell: low whipping speed is add diatomite to add speed for 200g/min ~ 300g/min under the condition of 20r/min ~ 40r/min in Ludox, then low whipping speed is be uniformly mixed 6h under the condition of 40r/min ~ 60r/min, obtain backing layer slurry, then the surface shell that faces step 3 obtained immerses in backing layer slurry, surface shell is faced in rotation to be made to face surface shell surface and is applied by backing layer slurry completely, then the surface shell that faces being coated with backing layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, the rain type surface shell surface uniform that faces that sander is being coated with backing layer slurry is adopted to spread one deck sand while rotating, then dry 22h ~ 24h under going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtain backing layer shell,
Described Ludox and diatomaceous mass ratio are 1:(1.6 ~ 2.2);
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Described sand is granularity be 32 object mullite sand or granularity is 32 object quartz sands;
Five, slurry seal: the backing layer shell that obtains step 4 obtained carries out 3 backing layer stuccos operation, then dried backing layer shell is immersed in the backing layer slurry described in step 4, rotating backing layer shell makes backing layer shell surface be applied by backing layer slurry completely, then the backing layer shell being coated with backing layer slurry is mentioned, dry 45h ~ 50h under the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtains the shell after slurry seal;
Described backing layer stucco operating procedure is: backing layer shell step 4 obtained carries out multi-axis turning, adopts rain type sander to spread one deck sand at the surface uniform of backing layer shell, dry 22h ~ 24h under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity while rotation;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Described sand is granularity be 32 object mullite sand or granularity is 32 object quartz sands;
Six, dewaxing and roasting: the shell after slurry seal step 5 obtained carries out steam dewaxing, dewaxing pressure is 0.5MPa ~ 0.7MPa, the dewaxing time is 6min ~ 10min, the shell dewaxed being put into high temperature Muffle furnace, to be warming up to temperature with stove be 400 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 400 DEG C, continuing to be warming up to temperature is 800 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 800 DEG C, being warming up to temperature is again 1100 ~ 1450 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 1100 ~ 1450 DEG C, complete roasting, obtain TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
The present invention be directed to the problems such as TiAl alloy precision-investment casting ceramic shell high cost, interfacial reaction are serious, in shell surface layer material, add cheap CaCO
3, after certain roasting technique, shell surface layer refractory material is reacted, generates high inert refractory CaZrO
3pottery, significantly reduces the degree of TiAl alloy precision-investment casting interfacial reaction, reaches the object reducing TiAl alloy precision-investment casting cost, reduce interfacial reaction.Shell cast(ing) surface light of the present invention, without obvious scab, interfacial reaction layer thickness is about 30 μm, is greatly improved compared with traditional shell.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is ZrO
2the SEM photo of shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods;
Fig. 2 is test two ZrO
2+caCO
3the SEM photo of shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods;
Fig. 3 is ZrO
2shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods interfacial reaction layer firmness change tendency chart;
Fig. 4 is test two ZrO
2+caCO
3shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods interfacial reaction layer firmness change tendency chart;
Fig. 5 is the free energy diagram of TiAl alloy investment casting refractory material.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: the preparation method of a kind of TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell of present embodiment carries out according to the following steps
One, the preparation of surface layer slurry: low whipping speed is add defoamer and wetting agent under the condition of 20r/min ~ 40r/min in zirconium carbonate ammonium, obtains mixed liquor, then adds ZrO to add speed for 200g/min ~ 300g/min in mixed liquor
2and CaCO
3, low whipping speed is be uniformly mixed to ZrO under the condition of 20r/min ~ 40r/min
2and CaCO
3be dispersed in mixed liquor, then low whipping speed is stir 22h ~ 24h under the condition of 80r/min ~ 100r/min, then leaves standstill 8h ~ 12h, obtains surface layer slurry;
Described ZrO
2with CaCO
3mass ratio be (1.0 ~ 1.5): 1; Described ZrO
2with CaCO
3quality sum and the mass ratio of zirconium carbonate ammonium be (2.5 ~ 3.0): 1; Described zirconium carbonate ammonium and the mass ratio of defoamer are 100:(0.05 ~ 0.2); Described zirconium carbonate ammonium and the mass ratio of wetting agent are 100:(0.05 ~ 0.2);
Two, the preparation of surface shell: wax-pattern is immersed in the surface layer slurry that step one obtains, rotating wax-pattern makes wax-pattern surface be applied by surface layer slurry completely, then the wax-pattern being coated with surface layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, adopting rain type sander to spread one deck granularity at the wax-pattern surface uniform being coated with surface layer slurry while rotation is 80 object ZrO
2sand, under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, dry 22h ~ 24h, obtains surface shell;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Three, the preparation of surface shell is faced: in the surface layer slurry that the surface shell immersion step one step 2 obtained obtains, rotating surface shell makes surface shell surface be applied by surface layer slurry completely, then the surface shell being coated with surface layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, adopting rain type sander to spread one deck granularity at the surface shell surface uniform being coated with surface layer slurry while rotation is 80 object ZrO
2sand, dry 22h ~ 24h under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtains facing surface shell;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Four, the preparation of backing layer shell: low whipping speed is add diatomite to add speed for 200g/min ~ 300g/min under the condition of 20r/min ~ 40r/min in Ludox, then low whipping speed is be uniformly mixed 6h under the condition of 40r/min ~ 60r/min, obtain backing layer slurry, then the surface shell that faces step 3 obtained immerses in backing layer slurry, surface shell is faced in rotation to be made to face surface shell surface and is applied by backing layer slurry completely, then the surface shell that faces being coated with backing layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, the rain type surface shell surface uniform that faces that sander is being coated with backing layer slurry is adopted to spread one deck sand while rotating, then dry 22h ~ 24h under going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtain backing layer shell,
Described Ludox and diatomaceous mass ratio are 1:(1.6 ~ 2.2);
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Described sand is granularity be 32 object mullite sand or granularity is 32 object quartz sands;
Five, slurry seal: the backing layer shell that obtains step 4 obtained carries out 3 backing layer stuccos operation, then dried backing layer shell is immersed in the backing layer slurry described in step 4, rotating backing layer shell makes backing layer shell surface be applied by backing layer slurry completely, then the backing layer shell being coated with backing layer slurry is mentioned, dry 45h ~ 50h under the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtains the shell after slurry seal;
Described backing layer stucco operating procedure is: backing layer shell step 4 obtained carries out multi-axis turning, adopts rain type sander to spread one deck sand at the surface uniform of backing layer shell, dry 22h ~ 24h under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity while rotation;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Described sand is granularity be 32 object mullite sand or granularity is 32 object quartz sands;
Six, dewaxing and roasting: the shell after slurry seal step 5 obtained carries out steam dewaxing, dewaxing pressure is 0.5MPa ~ 0.7MPa, the dewaxing time is 6min ~ 10min, the shell dewaxed being put into high temperature Muffle furnace, to be warming up to temperature with stove be 400 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 400 DEG C, continuing to be warming up to temperature is 800 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 800 DEG C, being warming up to temperature is again 1100 ~ 1450 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 1100 ~ 1450 DEG C, complete roasting, obtain TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell.
Present embodiment is for problems such as TiAl alloy precision-investment casting ceramic shell high cost, interfacial reaction are serious, adds cheap CaCO in shell surface layer material
3, after certain roasting technique, shell surface layer refractory material is reacted, generates high inert refractory CaZrO
3pottery, significantly reduces the degree of TiAl alloy precision-investment casting interfacial reaction, reaches the object reducing TiAl alloy precision-investment casting cost, reduce interfacial reaction.The shell cast(ing) surface light of present embodiment, without obvious scab, interfacial reaction layer thickness is about 30 μm, is greatly improved compared with traditional shell.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one are unlike the ZrO described in step one
2granularity be 320 orders.Other steps and parameter identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one or two are unlike the CaCO described in step one
3granularity be 320 orders.Other steps and parameter identical with detailed description of the invention one or two.
Detailed description of the invention four: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to three are unlike ZrO described in step one
2with CaCO
3mass ratio be 1.2:1.Other steps and parameter identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to three.
Detailed description of the invention five: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to four are unlike ZrO described in step one
2with CaCO
3quality sum and the mass ratio of zirconium carbonate ammonium be 2.8:1.Other steps and parameter identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to four.
Detailed description of the invention six: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to five unlike: the defoamer described in step one is silicone defoaming agent.Other steps and parameter identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to five.
Silicone defoaming agent described in present embodiment: based on methyl-silicone oil, interpolation emulsifying agent and diffusant are refined and are formed.
Silicone defoaming agent described in present embodiment is commercially available prod.
Detailed description of the invention seven: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to six unlike: the wetting agent described in step one is JFC.Other steps and parameter identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to six.
JFC described in present embodiment: be made up of alkylphenol and ethylene oxide condensation.
JFC described in present embodiment is commercially available prod.
Detailed description of the invention eight: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to seven unlike: the mass ratio of the zirconium carbonate ammonium described in step one and defoamer is 100:0.1.Other steps and parameter identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to seven.
Detailed description of the invention nine: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to eight unlike: the mass ratio of the zirconium carbonate ammonium described in step one and wetting agent is 100:0.125.Other steps and parameter identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to eight.
Detailed description of the invention ten: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to nine unlike: the Ludox described in step 4 and diatomaceous mass ratio are 1:2.0.Other steps and parameter identical with one of detailed description of the invention one to nine.
Detailed description of the invention 11: a kind of ZrO
2+caCO
3the preparation method of shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods, specifically completes according to the following steps:
TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell is carried out centrifugal casting on the centrifugal titanium casting machine of LZ-5, and cast alloy is Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb (at%), obtains ZrO
2+caCO
3shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods;
The described concrete preparation process of TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell is as follows:
One, the preparation of surface layer slurry: low whipping speed is add defoamer and wetting agent under the condition of 20r/min ~ 40r/min in zirconium carbonate ammonium, obtains mixed liquor, then adds ZrO to add speed for 200g/min ~ 300g/min in mixed liquor
2and CaCO
3, low whipping speed is be uniformly mixed to ZrO under the condition of 20r/min ~ 40r/min
2and CaCO
3be dispersed in mixed liquor, then low whipping speed is stir 22h ~ 24h under the condition of 80r/min ~ 100r/min, then leaves standstill 8h ~ 12h, obtains surface layer slurry;
Described ZrO
2with CaCO
3mass ratio be (1.0 ~ 1.5): 1; Described ZrO
2with CaCO
3quality sum and the mass ratio of zirconium carbonate ammonium be (2.5 ~ 3.0): 1; Described zirconium carbonate ammonium and the mass ratio of defoamer are 100:(0.05 ~ 0.2); Described zirconium carbonate ammonium and the mass ratio of wetting agent are 100:(0.05 ~ 0.2);
Two, the preparation of surface shell: wax-pattern is immersed in the surface layer slurry that step one obtains, rotating wax-pattern makes wax-pattern surface be applied by surface layer slurry completely, then the wax-pattern being coated with surface layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, adopting rain type sander to spread one deck granularity at the wax-pattern surface uniform being coated with surface layer slurry while rotation is 80 object ZrO
2sand, under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, dry 22h ~ 24h, obtains surface shell;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Three, the preparation of surface shell is faced: in the surface layer slurry that the surface shell immersion step one step 2 obtained obtains, rotating surface shell makes surface shell surface be applied by surface layer slurry completely, then the surface shell being coated with surface layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, adopting rain type sander to spread one deck granularity at the surface shell surface uniform being coated with surface layer slurry while rotation is 80 object ZrO
2sand, dry 22h ~ 24h under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtains facing surface shell;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Four, the preparation of backing layer shell: low whipping speed is add diatomite to add speed for 200g/min ~ 300g/min under the condition of 20r/min ~ 40r/min in Ludox, then low whipping speed is be uniformly mixed 6h under the condition of 40r/min ~ 60r/min, obtain backing layer slurry, then the surface shell that faces step 3 obtained immerses in backing layer slurry, surface shell is faced in rotation to be made to face surface shell surface and is applied by backing layer slurry completely, then the surface shell that faces being coated with backing layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, the rain type surface shell surface uniform that faces that sander is being coated with backing layer slurry is adopted to spread one deck sand while rotating, then dry 22h ~ 24h under going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtain backing layer shell,
Described Ludox and diatomaceous mass ratio are 1:(1.6 ~ 2.2);
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Described sand is granularity be 32 object mullite sand or granularity is 32 object quartz sands;
Five, slurry seal: the backing layer shell that obtains step 4 obtained carries out 3 backing layer stuccos operation, then dried backing layer shell is immersed in the backing layer slurry described in step 4, rotating backing layer shell makes backing layer shell surface be applied by backing layer slurry completely, then the backing layer shell being coated with backing layer slurry is mentioned, dry 45h ~ 50h under the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtains the shell after slurry seal;
Described backing layer stucco operating procedure is: backing layer shell step 4 obtained carries out multi-axis turning, adopts rain type sander to spread one deck sand at the surface uniform of backing layer shell, dry 22h ~ 24h under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity while rotation;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Described sand is granularity be 32 object mullite sand or granularity is 32 object quartz sands;
Six, dewaxing and roasting: the shell after slurry seal step 5 obtained carries out steam dewaxing, dewaxing pressure is 0.5MPa ~ 0.7MPa, the dewaxing time is 6min ~ 10min, the shell dewaxed being put into high temperature Muffle furnace, to be warming up to temperature with stove be 400 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 400 DEG C, continuing to be warming up to temperature is 800 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 800 DEG C, being warming up to temperature is again 1100 ~ 1450 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 1100 ~ 1450 DEG C, complete roasting, obtain TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell.
Following test is adopted to verify beneficial effect of the present invention
The preparation method of test one, a kind of TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell carries out according to the following steps:
One, the preparation of surface layer slurry: low whipping speed is add 4.0g defoamer and 4.5g wetting agent under the condition of 30r/min in 400g zirconium carbonate ammonium, obtains mixed liquor, then adds the ZrO of 1120g to add speed for 250g/min in mixed liquor
2and CaCO
3mixture, low whipping speed is be uniformly mixed to ZrO under the condition of 30r/min
2and CaCO
3be dispersed in mixed liquor, then low whipping speed is stir 24h under the condition of 90r/min, then leaves standstill 10h, obtains surface layer slurry;
Described ZrO
2with CaCO
3mass ratio be 1.2:1;
Two, the preparation of surface shell: wax-pattern is immersed in the surface layer slurry that step one obtains, rotating wax-pattern makes wax-pattern surface be applied by surface layer slurry completely, then the wax-pattern being coated with surface layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, adopting rain type sander to spread one deck granularity at the wax-pattern surface uniform being coated with surface layer slurry while rotation is 80 object ZrO
2sand, under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, dry 22h ~ 24h, obtains surface shell;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Three, the preparation of surface shell is faced: in the surface layer slurry that the surface shell immersion step one step 2 obtained obtains, rotating surface shell makes surface shell surface be applied by surface layer slurry completely, then the surface shell being coated with surface layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, adopting rain type sander to spread one deck granularity at the surface shell surface uniform being coated with surface layer slurry while rotation is 80 object ZrO
2sand, dry 22h ~ 24h under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtains facing surface shell;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Four, the preparation of backing layer shell: low whipping speed is add 1000g diatomite to add speed for 250g/min under the condition of 30r/min in 500g Ludox, then low whipping speed is be uniformly mixed 6h under the condition of 50r/min, obtain backing layer slurry, then the surface shell that faces step 3 obtained immerses in backing layer slurry, surface shell is faced in rotation to be made to face surface shell surface and is applied by backing layer slurry completely, then the surface shell that faces being coated with backing layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, the rain type surface shell surface uniform that faces that sander is being coated with backing layer slurry is adopted to spread one deck sand while rotating, then dry 22h under going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtain backing layer shell,
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Described sand is granularity is 32 object mullite sand;
Five, slurry seal: the backing layer shell that obtains step 4 obtained carries out 3 backing layer stuccos operation, then dried backing layer shell is immersed in the backing layer slurry described in step 4, rotating backing layer shell makes backing layer shell surface be applied by backing layer slurry completely, then the backing layer shell being coated with backing layer slurry is mentioned, dry 48h under the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtains the shell after slurry seal;
Described backing layer stucco operating procedure is: the backing layer shell that obtains step 4 obtained carries out multi-axis turning, adopts rain type sander to spread one deck sand at the surface uniform of backing layer shell, dry 24h under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity while rotation;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Described sand is granularity is 32 object mullite sand;
Six, dewaxing and roasting: the shell after slurry seal step 5 obtained carries out steam dewaxing, dewaxing pressure is 0.6Mpa, dewaxing time 8min, the shell dewaxed being put into high temperature Muffle furnace, to be warming up to temperature with stove be 400 DEG C, and be incubated 2h at temperature is 400 DEG C, continuing to be warming up to temperature is 800 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 800 DEG C, then to be warming up to temperature be 1450 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 1450 DEG C, complete roasting, obtain TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell;
ZrO described in step one
2granularity be 320 orders.
CaCO described in step one
3granularity be 320 orders.
Defoamer described in step one is silicone defoaming agent: based on methyl-silicone oil, and interpolation emulsifying agent and diffusant are refined and formed, commercially available prod.
Wetting agent described in step one is JFC: be made up of alkylphenol and ethylene oxide condensation, commercially available prod.
Test two, a kind of ZrO
2+caCO
3the preparation method of shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods, specifically completes according to the following steps:
TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell is carried out centrifugal casting on the centrifugal titanium casting machine of LZ-5, and cast alloy is Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb (at%), obtains ZrO
2+caCO
3shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods.
The TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell of test described in two is TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell prepared by test one.
(1) to ZrO
2the ZrO of shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods and test two
2+caCO
3shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods scans, and obtains ZrO as shown in Figure 1
2the ZrO of the SEM photo of shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods and test two as shown in Figure 2
2+caCO
3the SEM photo of shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods, can find out shell cast(ing) surface of the present invention light, without viscosity sand layer from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
(2) by ZrO
2the ZrO of shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods and test two
2+caCO
3shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods polishes and polishing through 2000 order sand paper, then carries out micro-hardness testing with CLEMEX full-automatic microhardness meter to boundary layer, obtains ZrO as shown in Figure 3
2the ZrO of shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods interfacial reaction layer firmness change tendency chart and test as shown in Figure 4 two
2+caCO
3shell cast TiAl alloy foundry goods interfacial reaction layer firmness change tendency chart, can find out that the interfacial reaction layer of product of the present invention is 30 μm from Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, ZrO2 shell interfacial reaction layer is 90 μm, and interfacial reaction degree of the present invention will be weaker than traditional shell.
(3) free energy of TiAl alloy investment casting refractory material is detected, obtain the free energy diagram of TiAl alloy investment casting refractory material as shown in Figure 5, the inertia of product of the present invention is suitable with the inertia of CaO as can be seen from Figure 5, and can not lose efficacy by deliquescence under product room temperature of the present invention, and cost is low.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell, is characterized in that the method is carried out according to the following steps:
One, the preparation of surface layer slurry: low whipping speed is add defoamer and wetting agent under the condition of 20r/min ~ 40r/min in zirconium carbonate ammonium, obtains mixed liquor, then adds ZrO to add speed for 200g/min ~ 300g/min in mixed liquor
2and CaCO
3, low whipping speed is be uniformly mixed to ZrO under the condition of 20r/min ~ 40r/min
2and CaCO
3be dispersed in mixed liquor, then low whipping speed is stir 22h ~ 24h under the condition of 80r/min ~ 100r/min, then leaves standstill 8h ~ 12h, obtains surface layer slurry;
Described ZrO
2with CaCO
3mass ratio be (1.0 ~ 1.5): 1; Described ZrO
2with CaCO
3quality sum and the mass ratio of zirconium carbonate ammonium be (2.5 ~ 3.0): 1; Described zirconium carbonate ammonium and the mass ratio of defoamer are 100:(0.05 ~ 0.2); Described zirconium carbonate ammonium and the mass ratio of wetting agent are 100:(0.05 ~ 0.2);
Two, the preparation of surface shell: wax-pattern is immersed in the surface layer slurry that step one obtains, rotating wax-pattern makes wax-pattern surface be applied by surface layer slurry completely, then the wax-pattern being coated with surface layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, adopting rain type sander to spread one deck granularity at the wax-pattern surface uniform being coated with surface layer slurry while rotation is 80 object ZrO
2sand, under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, dry 22h ~ 24h, obtains surface shell;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Three, the preparation of surface shell is faced: in the surface layer slurry that the surface shell immersion step one step 2 obtained obtains, rotating surface shell makes surface shell surface be applied by surface layer slurry completely, then the surface shell being coated with surface layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, adopting rain type sander to spread one deck granularity at the surface shell surface uniform being coated with surface layer slurry while rotation is 80 object ZrO
2sand, dry 22h ~ 24h under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtains facing surface shell;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Four, the preparation of backing layer shell: low whipping speed is add diatomite to add speed for 200g/min ~ 300g/min under the condition of 20r/min ~ 40r/min in Ludox, then low whipping speed is be uniformly mixed 6h under the condition of 40r/min ~ 60r/min, obtain backing layer slurry, then the surface shell that faces step 3 obtained immerses in backing layer slurry, surface shell is faced in rotation to be made to face surface shell surface and is applied by backing layer slurry completely, then the surface shell that faces being coated with backing layer slurry is mentioned, carry out multi-axis turning again, the rain type surface shell surface uniform that faces that sander is being coated with backing layer slurry is adopted to spread one deck sand while rotating, then dry 22h ~ 24h under going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtain backing layer shell,
Described Ludox and diatomaceous mass ratio are 1:(1.6 ~ 2.2);
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Described sand is granularity be 32 object mullite sand or granularity is 32 object quartz sands;
Five, slurry seal: the backing layer shell that obtains step 4 obtained carries out 3 backing layer stuccos operation, then dried backing layer shell is immersed in the backing layer slurry described in step 4, rotating backing layer shell makes backing layer shell surface be applied by backing layer slurry completely, then the backing layer shell being coated with backing layer slurry is mentioned, dry 45h ~ 50h under the condition of constant temperature and humidity, obtains the shell after slurry seal;
Described backing layer stucco operating procedure is: backing layer shell step 4 obtained carries out multi-axis turning, adopts rain type sander to spread one deck sand at the surface uniform of backing layer shell, dry 22h ~ 24h under then going to the condition of constant temperature and humidity while rotation;
Described constant temperature and humidity parameter is: temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% ~ 60%;
Described sand is granularity be 32 object mullite sand or granularity is 32 object quartz sands;
Six, dewaxing and roasting: the shell after slurry seal step 5 obtained carries out steam dewaxing, dewaxing pressure is 0.5MPa ~ 0.7MPa, the dewaxing time is 6min ~ 10min, the shell dewaxed being put into high temperature Muffle furnace, to be warming up to temperature with stove be 400 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 400 DEG C, continuing to be warming up to temperature is 800 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 800 DEG C, being warming up to temperature is again 1100 ~ 1450 DEG C, and 2h is incubated at temperature is 1100 ~ 1450 DEG C, complete roasting, obtain TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell.
2. a preparation method for TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell, is characterized in that the ZrO described in step one
2granularity be 320 orders.
3. a preparation method for TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell, is characterized in that the CaCO described in step one
3granularity be 320 orders.
4. a preparation method for TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell, is characterized in that the ZrO described in step one
2with CaCO
3mass ratio be 1.2:1.
5. a preparation method for TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell, is characterized in that the ZrO described in step one
2with CaCO
3quality sum and the mass ratio of zirconium carbonate ammonium be 2.8:1.
6. a preparation method for TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell, is characterized in that the defoamer described in step one is silicone defoaming agent.
7. a preparation method for TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell, is characterized in that the wetting agent described in step one is JFC.
8. a preparation method for TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell, is characterized in that the mass ratio of the zirconium carbonate ammonium described in step one and defoamer is 100:0.1.
9. a preparation method for TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell, is characterized in that the mass ratio of the zirconium carbonate ammonium described in step one and wetting agent is 100:0.125.
10. a preparation method for TiAl alloy fired mold precision casting type shell, is characterized in that the Ludox described in step 4 and diatomaceous mass ratio are 1:2.0.
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