CN104906636B - A kind of preparation method of three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104906636B CN104906636B CN201510258134.8A CN201510258134A CN104906636B CN 104906636 B CN104906636 B CN 104906636B CN 201510258134 A CN201510258134 A CN 201510258134A CN 104906636 B CN104906636 B CN 104906636B
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Abstract
A kind of preparation method of three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure, is related to field of tissue engineering technology.This method is by building the compound water congealing plastic structure being made up of the upper strata hydrogel (1) with different mechanical properties and differential diffusion rate and lower floor's hydrogel (2), and long-term cultivation is carried out to the cell in hydrogel, then cell is self-assembled near the interface of levels hydrogel as tubular structure (4) or (5).Under initial situation, the cell that upper strata hydrogel (1) and lower floor's hydrogel (2) are wrapped up is uniformly distributed, but density is different.The composite structure of three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure prepared by this method independent of any outside, make full use of the ability to communicate between a large amount of cells, the forming process natural closer to biological tissue, it can significantly mitigate at present as caused by the tubulose artificial tissue of polymer manufacture the problems such as rejection, a kind of efficient, method that reliability is higher and cost is low is provided for the preparation of artificial tubes shape tissue.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the method that three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure is prepared by cell self assembly, is related to biology manufacture and group
The technical field of the enabling tool of weaver's journey, particularly tubulose multi-cellular structure external structure.
Background technology
Realize the reparation of biological tissue and regeneration be organizational project main target.To realize the function of tissue or even organ
Regeneration, increasing researcher design and manufacture various artificial substituting structures and be widely used in biological tissue's work
Journey, and such manufacture gradually develops towards increasingly complex and fine direction.Biological tissue's (such as gas with tubular structure
Pipe, blood vessel, lymphatic vessel and intestines etc.) it is widely present in higher organism body.The artificial substitute of such three-dimensional tubular body structure
It is generally necessary to build corresponding three-dimensional structure in vitro using specific material, relevant art processing is then carried out, and then obtain
To the substitute close with internal tubular tissue shape, such as the Weave type artificial blood vessel (China for passing through two-layer warp-knitted tissue
Patent of invention CN101069756A, 2007), continuous satin sets textured dacron-made artificial blood vessel (utility model on body
CN201341972Y, 2009), on woven machine woven woven blood vessel (Chinese invention patent CN102920531A,
2013) modified form stent-graft (the middle promulgated by the State Council that combination is formed, and by artificial terylene blood vessel with stent-graft is connected
Bright patent, CN104161605A, 2014) etc..
The artificial blood vessel Part Substitution thing of such tubulose is required for first producing what is be made up of exterior materials such as fibrous materials
Tubular structure, then it is implanted into again in vivo and forms good connection and fusion with corresponding tissue, and then completes to realize
The blood transportation function of artificial blood vessel.It is still one by the material of itself however, although the manufacture of such tubular body structure is fine
A little synthetic materials (tissue of inorganic matter itself), thus still probably cause human body rejection and can not
The problems such as complication of expectation.Although some foreign studies person combines with chemical combination high polymer material and can preferably resisted in recent years
The biomolecule of rejection has been produced some special " printing inks ", and using based on the 3D printing for being somebody's turn to do " printing ink "
Technology produces artificial blood vessel substitute, but the implementation process of this method is complicated, and cost is very high.
If it is possible to make full use of self (self-organizing) characteristic of organism own cells, structure
The external dimensional culture that specific microenvironment carries out stem cell is built, the stem cell from human body itself is self-assembled into a kind of mould
Intend the tubulose multi-cellular structure of natural biological tissue, and the tubular artificial substitute without being prepared by synthetic material, thus can
It is enough fundamentally to mitigate the rejection of human body significantly, and the manufacture of artificial blood vessel or other artificial tubular tissues is greatly lowered
Cost.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to be directed to the artificial blood vessel Part Substitution thing manufacture of current tubulose and implemented
Journey is complicated, and cost is high, and bring human body rejection probability it is larger the shortcomings of, there is provided it is a kind of special in vitro by stem cell
Determine the method that the dimensional culture in gel micro-structural prepares three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure.The method is by a large amount of cells as water
Cultivated in gel, it stretched, migrate and is connected with each other in three dimensions, and hollow tube is formed in the interface of two kinds of hydrogels
The structure (structure completely by cellularity, without other any materials) of the similar blood vessel of shape.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
This method is by building by with different mechanical properties and the upper strata hydrogel (1) of differential diffusion rate and lower floor
The compound water congealing plastic structure of hydrogel (2) composition, and dimensional culture is carried out to the cell in hydrogel, you can make cell upper and lower
The interface of layer hydrogel is nearby self-assembled into as straight tube-like structure (4) or bent tube form structure (5).
Comprise the following steps that：
A：The precursor solution for wrapping celliferous lower floor's hydrogel (2) is consolidated on the mould with specific microstructure
Change, form curing type hydrogel structure, described mould is polydimethylsiloxane mould.
B：The curing type that the precursor solution for wrapping celliferous upper strata hydrogel (1) is placed in step (A) by pipettor
On hydrogel, cure processing is carried out to it, forms the combined-type water gel that two layers of hydrogel is bonded up and down.
C：Cell in step (B) is subjected to dimensional culture, you can the self assembly near the interface of levels hydrogel
As straight tube-like structure (4) or bent tube form structure (5).
This method needs to use two kinds of gels with different structure characteristic to construct specific hydrogel interface, and two
The celliferous concentration of bag differs in kind gel, or contains cell in only a kind of gel.Using cell factor in different knots
The difference of diffusivity, makes it go out in interface in the hydrogel of structure characteristic (such as the concentration of gel internal component or ratio difference)
Now accumulate and be allowed to local concentration increase；Acted on using the concentration gradient of near interface cell so that cell occurs face transboundary and moved
Dynamic trend, and increase concentration of the cell in interface, realize the preliminary aggregation of cell factor and cell in interface.This just makes
Obtain the cell of interface and the local concentration of cell factor (containing activator and retardance) can be significantly hotter than other regions.Then,
Using the figure spirit unstability in the macromolecular reaction diffusion process in gel micro-system, trained by the cell three-dimensional of special time
Support so that uniform distribution of the concentration of activator and retardance along interface intersection direction is broken, and is gradually constructed
The high local concentrations region of many distributions, the geometries of these regional areas close to column (a kind of graphics spirit spot figure, this
In abbreviation column aggregation zone).After this, the Chemotaxis characteristic of cell is utilized so that a large amount of cells are gradually to interface
The aggregation of each cylindrical region, form multiple column many cells aggregations, while cell is big in these compact regional areas
Amount secretion activator and retardance.When cell aggregation to a certain extent after, according to activator self-catalysis generate rule, activation
Son in the significantly raised output that can cause activator of concentration of local location tends to saturation, and (i.e. its concentration is bright close to saturation, growth
It is aobvious to slow down), and its concentration gradient of activator in central area substantially reduces, this may result in each column aggregation zone
The cell chemotaxis effect of core is obviously reduced, and this causes the diffusion of cell to occupy leading position (diffusion work simultaneously
Cell is moved to positive and negative both direction respectively with chemotaxis, therefore be shifting relation), then whole column area
Domain inner cell gradually spreads and forms cavity in central area from center to periphery on the whole.
Spread to the periphery with the cell of central area, the cytosis of wall section, the direction of cell chemotaxis movement is opened
Begin reverse, become to be increased by center towards the direction of tube wall and gradually；Simultaneously but increase with wall section activator concentration simultaneously
Tend to saturation, and cell further increases in wall section, by the cell chemotaxis movement again of centrally directed tube wall gradually
Reducing, and leading position is occupied by the diffusion of tube wall towards center position again, cell starts to move to central area again,
But mobile distance range is smaller, far from arrival central area.Afterwards, transition process of the cell along pipe radial direction will be more
Secondary to repeat said process, migration of the cell on pipe radial direction will be back and forth repeatedly, and amplitude is less and less last gradually to reach
Equilbrium position, then many cells hollow tubular structure tend towards stability.Many cells pipe is may be such that by the several days of Extended incubation
Shape structure periphery and the gel at middle part are decomposed by the enzyme that cell is secreted completely as far as possible.Then, by the cell three of some days
Dimension culture, above-mentioned column many cells aggregation ultimately form hollow tubular structure.The diameter of tubulose multi-cellular structure with it is adjacent
The distance at interface is related；The length of tubulose multi-cellular structure and the height correlation at hydrogel two dimension interface.
Hydrogel interface in the preparation method of three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure provided by the invention has not by two kinds
Connatural hydrogel bonds formed up and down.The upper surface of lower floor's hydrogel has the concavo-convex alternate pattern of array；Upper strata
The lower surface of hydrogel also has the concavo-convex alternate pattern of array, and mutual with the concaveconvex structure of the upper surface of lower floor hydrogel
It is seamless bonding with mending.The compound water congealing plastic structure that the hydrogel of lower floor and the water-setting gluing knot on upper strata are formed integrally immerses cell training
Support base in, and every other day or two days change fresh culture, after the long-term cultivations of some days, you can with levels
The near interface of hydrogel prepares tubulose three-dimensional multi-cellular structure.
As limitation of the invention, upper strata hydrogel and lower floor's hydrogel of the present invention can be that fibrin coagulates
Glue, basement membrane matrix gel, hyaluronic acid derivatives or other be suitable to cell growth hydrogel.Described cell is mesenchyma
Stem cell, the combination of mescenchymal stem cell and epithelial cell or the combination of mescenchymal stem cell and endothelial cell.
Under initial situation, cell is uniformly wrapped in upper strata hydrogel and lower floor's hydrogel, and cell is on upper strata
Density in hydrogel and lower floor's hydrogel is different, and the two density at least differs one times.And upper strata hydrogel is with
Interface between layer hydrogel is continuous concave-convex curved surface, or the horizontal and alternate continuous interfacial of vertical plane, this continuous
Interface is periodic or acyclic.
As limitation of the invention further, the localized interface between upper strata hydrogel and lower floor's hydrogel is horizontal
Face, vertical plane or curved surface.
After the solution of the present invention, the beneficial effect of acquirement is：
The construction method of this three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure proposed by the invention fully relies on the self assembly of cell, complete
It is complete to eliminate the processing system of necessary external structure material and complexity in current existing tubulose multi-cellular structure preparation method
Make technique, whole preparation method more fully make use of the mutual ability to communicate between a large amount of cells, and closer to internal group
That knits naturally occurs process, and for the preparation of artificial tubes shape tissue, to provide a kind of closer internal natural tissues, reliability high
Method.
And the three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure in the present invention is to prepare hollow tubular in the interface of different hydrogels
Similar blood vessel structure, the structure by cellularity, without other synthetic materials, can mitigate current tubulose people significantly completely
The problem of substitute by polymer manufacture needed for tissue brings rejection is made, and artificial blood vessel can be greatly lowered
Or the manufacturing cost of other artificial tubular tissues.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is to bond formed three up and down by two kinds of hydrogels for possessing differential diffusion rate in the embodiment of the present invention
Tie up the schematic cross-section of compound water congealing plastic structure；
Fig. 2 is the 3 dimensional coil geometry schematic diagram after lower floor's water-setting adhesive curing in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that tubular structure is demarcated along both sides in the horizontal cross-section of two kinds of hydrogel border regions in the embodiment of the present invention
The distribution schematic diagram of line；
Fig. 4 is that the curve interface between two layers of hydrogel and the bent tube form constructed are more up and down in the embodiment of the present invention
Eucaryotic cell structure schematic diagram.
Have in figure above：
Interface (3) between upper strata hydrogel (1), lower floor's hydrogel (2), upper strata hydrogel and lower floor's hydrogel, point
Level point in the Curved Surface face (33) of vertical interface 31, upper strata hydrogel in interface and lower floor's hydrogel, interface
Interface (32), (34), the tubulose multi-cellular structure (4) or bent tube form multi-cellular structure (5) being formed at by vertical interface.
Embodiment
In order that the content of invention is easier to be clearly understood, below according to specific embodiment and with reference to accompanying drawing, to hair
It is bright to be described in further detail.
The embodiment of the method provided by the invention for preparing three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure is referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
In the present embodiment, the extracellular matrix for three-dimensional cell cultivation is combined-type water gel, and its structure is as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2
It is shown.Upper strata hydrogel (1) has different mechanical properties and different protein molecular diffusivitys from lower floor's hydrogel (2).This reality
Apply and mescenchymal stem cell is used in example, because it can be divided into vascular endothelial cell and have the ability for promoting vascularization.Cell
Density in upper strata hydrogel (1) is substantially different from its density in lower floor's hydrogel (2), and tubulose multi-cellular structure is last
Appear in that layer of big hydrogel of cell initial density.Layer hydrogel inner cell density is more than lower floor's hydrogel herein above
Specific embodiment is illustrated in case of inner cell density.(it should be noted that cell density might not upper layer density
More than lower layer density, in turn can also, simply last tubulose multi-cellular structure appears in that big layer of cell density, i.e.,
If upper cell density is bigger, tubulose multi-cellular structure is appeared in the gel of upper strata；If lower floor's cell density is bigger,
Then tubulose multi-cellular structure is appeared in lower floor's gel.)
It is (such as poly- in the mould with specific microstructure that the precursor solution of celliferous lower floor's hydrogel (2) will be wrapped first
Dimethyl siloxane (PDMS) mould) on solidified, form the hydrogel geometry of curing molding as shown in Figure 2.So
The precursor solution for wrapping celliferous upper strata hydrogel (1) is placed in lower floor's hydrogel geometry as shown in Figure 2 by pipettor afterwards
On shape, after being handled by cure, you can form the combined-type water gel being bonded by upper and lower two layers of hydrogel.This
Two kinds there is hydrogel of different nature to bond the interface (3) formd between upper and lower two layers of hydrogel up and down.Due to cell because
Diffusivity of the son in the hydrogel of different mechanical properties is different, and the migration of the cell of interface also receives specifically about
Beam, therefore in interface preliminary clustering phenomena can all occur for cell factor and cell.Then, the macromolecular in gel micro-system is utilized
Figure spirit unstability in reaction_diffusion process, by the three-dimensional cell cultivation of several days, specific cell factor can be on edge
Gel interface intersection and form D prism map spirit spot figure, under interaction of the cell factor to cell, and then cause cell
Column many cells aggregation is formed about in hydrogel interface (31).After some days, in cytokine profiles and carefully
(explained under the reaction of born of the same parents and the mechanism of propagation property referring to the principle of technical scheme part), it is how thin in upper strata hydrogel (1)
Born of the same parents' aggregation gradually forms hollow tubular structure (4) (diameter range from tens microns to submillimeter), and tubulose many cells knot
The axis of structure is approximately parallel to vertical interface (31).The upper end of tubular structure is closing, and lower end is opening, mainly
Be because movement of the gel-type vehicle environment to cell residing for upper end is without geometrical constraint, and lower end close to gel interface be one
Plane, so cell tends to carry over planar movement and distribution (Fig. 1).The diameter of tubulose multi-cellular structure and horizontal interface
(32) width is related；The length of tubulose multi-cellular structure and the height correlation of the vertical interface of hydrogel (31).Two kinds of water-settings
The horizontal cross-section of glue border region is as shown in Figure 3, line of demarcation distribution of the tubular structure along both sides.
In the present embodiment, the upper surface of the hydrogel of lower floor has the concavo-convex alternate pattern of array；The water-setting on upper strata
The lower surface of glue also has a concavo-convex alternate pattern of array, and with the concaveconvex structure of lower floor's hydrogel upper surface complementally without
Seam bonds, as shown in Figure 1.The compound water congealing plastic structure that lower floor's hydrogel and upper water gel cementing are formed integrally immerses cell training
Support in base, after the Three-dimensional cell culture by some days (10-20 days), you can prepared in the interface of levels hydrogel
Tubulose three-dimensional multi-cellular structure (4) or bent tube form multi-cellular structure (5).Between upper strata hydrogel (1) and lower floor's hydrogel (2)
Interface be horizontal with the alternate continuous interfacial of vertical plane (3), it includes horizontal plane (32), (34), vertical plane (31) or curved surface
(33).When interface is curved surface, many cells aggregation in upper strata hydrogel 1 gradually forms hollow bent tube form many cells knot
Structure (5) (such as Fig. 4).Because the interface of the now lower end of tubulose multi-cellular structure is a curved surface, so cell tends to
It is self-assembly of the closing " cap " of arch.This continuous interface is periodic either aperiodicity in the present embodiment
's.
In the present embodiment, hydrogel can select fibrin gel, basement membrane matrix gel or hyaluronic acid derivatives, or
The other kinds of hydrogel suitable for cell growth of person.Cell category can select mescenchymal stem cell or its with epithelial cell or
The combination of endothelial cell.
Particular embodiments described above, the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effect of invention are carried out further in detail
Illustrate, should be understood that the foregoing is only the present invention specific embodiment, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., the protection of the present invention should be included in
Within the scope of.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. preparation method of three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure, it is characterised in that：This method by lower surface by having array The upper strata hydrogel (1) of the alternate pattern of formula convex-concave has lower floor's hydrogel of the concavo-convex alternate pattern of array with upper surface (2) geometry is complementally seamless bonding into compound water congealing plastic structure, wherein two layers of hydrogel has different mechanical properties and not up and down With molecule diffusivity, dimensional culture then is carried out to the cell in hydrogel, even if cell is in the interface of levels hydrogel Nearby it is self-assembled into as straight tube-like structure (4) or bent tube form structure (5).
- 2. the preparation method of three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that this method is specifically to press Carried out according to following steps：A：The precursor solution for wrapping celliferous lower floor's hydrogel (2) is solidified on the mould with specific microstructure, shape Into curing type hydrogel structure, described mould is polydimethylsiloxane mould；B：The curing type water-setting that the precursor solution for wrapping celliferous upper strata hydrogel (1) is placed in step (A) by pipettor On glue, cure processing is carried out to it, forms the combined-type water gel that two layers of hydrogel is bonded up and down；C：Cell in step (B) is subjected to dimensional culture, i.e., is self-assembled near the interface of levels hydrogel to be straight Tubular structure (4) or bent tube form structure (5).
- 3. the preparation method of three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described upper strata Hydrogel (1) and lower floor's hydrogel (2) are fibrin gel, basement membrane matrix gel or hyaluronic acid derivatives.
- 4. the preparation method of three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in initial situation Under, cell is uniformly wrapped in upper strata hydrogel (1) and lower floor's hydrogel (2), and cell upper strata hydrogel (1) and under Density in layer hydrogel (2) is different, and the two density at least differs one times.
- 5. the preparation method of three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described cell The combination of combination or mescenchymal stem cell and endothelial cell for mescenchymal stem cell, mescenchymal stem cell and epithelial cell.
- 6. the preparation method of three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that upper strata hydrogel (1) interface between lower floor's hydrogel (2) is the horizontal and alternate continuous interfacial of vertical plane (3), and this continuous interfacial is week It is phase property or acyclic.
- 7. the preparation method of three-dimensional tubulose multi-cellular structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that upper strata hydrogel (1) localized interface between lower floor's hydrogel (2) is horizontal plane, vertical plane or curved surface.
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| CN109957149A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-02 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of glucan and the hybrid 3D gel of ionic liquid, preparation method and applications method |
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| DE10335130A1 (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-02-24 | Blue Membranes Gmbh | Membrane module, useful for fluid separation, vapor permeation or pervaporation, comprises at least three parallel membrane plates each having at least four corners connected in pairs |
| EP2310847B1 (en) * | 2008-06-24 | 2016-05-04 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Self-assembling multicellular bodies and methods of producing a three-dimensional biological structure using the same |
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| Micro-scaffold array chip for upgrading cell-based high-throughput drug testing to 3D using benchtop equipment;Xiaokang Li et al;《Lab on a Chip》;20141231;第14卷(第3期);471-481 * |
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