CN104904288B - Method and apparatus for cognitive radio networks - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for cognitive radio networks Download PDFInfo
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- CN104904288B CN104904288B CN201280077426.6A CN201280077426A CN104904288B CN 104904288 B CN104904288 B CN 104904288B CN 201280077426 A CN201280077426 A CN 201280077426A CN 104904288 B CN104904288 B CN 104904288B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
- H04W52/16—Deriving transmission power values from another channel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
- H04W52/40—TPC being performed in particular situations during macro-diversity or soft handoff
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0473—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being transmission power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/20—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using signal quality detector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
- H04W52/14—Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
- H04W52/143—Downlink power control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/26—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service]
- H04W52/262—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service] taking into account adaptive modulation and coding [AMC] scheme
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/26—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service]
- H04W52/267—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service] taking into account the information rate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
- H04W52/36—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
Abstract
Provide the method and apparatus of the perception and power distribution for cognitive radio (CR) network.This method comprises: receiving signal sequence from the host node with multiple main transimission powers；The state of the host node is perceived based on the signal sequence；State and the signal sequence based on the host node identify at least one feature of the host node；And at least one configured transmission for being used for secondary nodes is determined based at least one described feature.
Description
Technical field
The embodiment of the present invention relates in general to the communication technology.More particularly, the embodiment of the present invention is related to for recognizing nothing
Method, apparatus, network node and the computer program product of line electric network.
Background technique
It introduces and can help to promote to the aspect being best understood from of the invention in this part.Therefore, the statement of this part will be
It is read and is understood not to what being the prior art about or what is not that the prior art recognizes in this angle.
Cognitive radio (CR) has been realized to be for improving spectrum utilization and solving in next generation wireless communication
Frequency spectrum scarcity problem potential technology.If the frequency spectrum for licensing to primary user (PU) is not utilized by the PU or to the PU's
Interference is lower than given level, then the secondary user's (SU) in CR network are allowed to access the frequency spectrum.
Currently, there are three kinds of main frequency spectrum access methods for CR network: i) eclipsed form (Underlay) or so-called
Frequency spectrum share scheme, as long as SU is allowed to coexist with the PU, ii wherein the service quality (QoS) of PU is protected) opportunistic
Frequency spectrum access, wherein only SU can access main band when PU is detected the free time；And iii) the above two combination, Ye Jiji
In the frequency spectrum share of perception, wherein SU perceived spectral first is to determine the state (activity/idle) of the PU, and is then based on and sentences
It is fixed to select its transimission power.
The existing spectrum sensing scheme locally observed based on SU can be divided into matched filter, energy measuring, circulation
Steady detection, Wavelet Detection and covariance detection.Tao Cui, Feifei Gao and Arumugam Nallanathan are 2011
Entitled " the Optimization published in the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY in May in year
It is in of Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio " it has been proposed that a kind of in CR
The improved method of frequency spectrum perception.In proposed method, multiple SU be designed to cooperate with solve concealed terminal and
The problem of boundary effect, results in collaborative spectrum sensing.To keep the QoS of PU-T transmitter (PU-Tx) and protecting it from
The non-linear and long term power budget of power amplifier at harmful interference and SU, using peak value/average transmission at SU
Peak value/average interference power constraint at power and PU, wherein obtaining optimal power allocation so that secondary accessible speed
Rate maximizes, and the accessible rate of the secondary is used for the various combination due to power constraint caused by being actually needed.
Summary of the invention
Inventor notices that in most of work on hands, it is unmodifiable that an important hypothesis, which is main transimission power,
And it is constant, and sensor model is that conventional binary system assumes test model.However, in Modern Communication System, due to
Different channels signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), has used adaptive tracking control in order to provide constant rate.
Therefore, it will be intended to provide the CR perception being used for multiple main transimission powers and/or power point in the art
The technical solution matched.
In order to more preferably solve one or more of above misgivings, in the first aspect of the present invention, provides one kind and be used for
The method of cognitive radio (CR) network.This method comprises: receiving signal sequence from the host node with multiple main transimission powers；
The state of the host node is perceived based on the signal sequence；State and signal sequence identification host node based on the host node are extremely
A few feature；And at least one configured transmission for being used for secondary nodes is determined based at least one feature.
In some embodiments, which includes in main transimission power and modulation and encoding scheme (MCS)
At least one.
In some embodiments, the step of perception may include: the cumlative energy for calculating the signal sequence；And pass through by
Cumlative energy determines the presence of the host node with threshold value comparison predetermined.
In some embodiments, the step of identification may include: definition multiple sons corresponding with multiple main transimission power
Space；And by the way that the energy comparison of the cumlative energy and multiple subspace is estimated that it is multiple that the host node is used
The main transimission power of which of main transimission power.
In some embodiments, determine that step may include: to be based on by using at least one predetermined criterion
At least one feature is that the secondary nodes distribute secondary transmission power.At least one predetermined criterion may include with
It is one or more in lower items: to maximize the average accessible rate of the secondary nodes；Under power predetermined
Average transmission power constraint；And the average interference power constraint under the maximum interference to the host node.
In the second aspect of the present invention, a kind of device is provided to implement the various implementations of the method for the first aspect of the present invention
Example.Particularly, the device for cognitive radio (CR) network is provided.The device includes: receiving unit, is configured for from tool
There is the host node of multiple main transimission powers to receive signal sequence；Sension unit, being configured for signal sequence perception should
The state of host node；Recognition unit, the state and the signal sequence for being configured for the host node identify the host node
At least one feature；And determination unit, it is configured at least one feature and determines for secondary nodes at least
One configured transmission.
In the third aspect of the present invention, a kind of secondary nodes are provided comprising at least one processor and including computer
At least one processor of program code.The memory and computer program code are configured such that the device executes the present invention
First aspect method embodiment.
In the fourth aspect of the present invention, a kind of computer program product is provided comprising be stored thereon with computer-readable
At least one computer readable memory medium of program code sections.The computer readable program code part includes for holding
The program code instruction of the embodiment of the method for row the first aspect of the present invention.
The specific embodiment of the theme described in the present specification can be carried out to realize one in following advantage
Or it is multiple.
Using the specific embodiment of technology described in this specification, it has been proposed that scheme utilizes multiple for wherein PU
The scene of main transimission power transmission.The scheme proposed is preferably suitable for actual conditions.
When read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, being described below according to specific embodiment, also it will be understood that the embodiment of the present invention its
His feature and advantage, attached drawing illustrate the principle of the embodiment of the present invention by example.
Detailed description of the invention
Various embodiments of the present invention above or other aspect, feature and benefits will be by examples from following detailed description
With become more to be fully apparent from attached drawing, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the example system model for cognitive radio networks；
Fig. 2 illustrates the flow chart of the method for cognitive radio networks of embodiment according to the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic block diagram that can be configured to practice the device 300 of example embodiments of the present invention；And
Fig. 4 is suitable in the schematic block diagram for practicing network node used in example embodiments of the present invention.
Same reference numerals and name instruction identical element in various attached drawings.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, the principle and spirit of the invention will be described with reference to an illustrative embodiment.It should be understood that it is all this
A little embodiments are only presented for being best understood from those skilled in the art and further practicing the present invention, rather than for limiting
The scope of the present invention.For example, as one embodiment part and the feature that illustrates or describe can be together with another embodiment
Using generating other embodiment.For clarity, in the present specification without all features of description actual implementation mode.When
So it should be understood that in the exploitation of these practical embodiments, it should be pointed out that much realized out specific to the judgement of embodiment
The specific objective of originator, such as meets that system is related and the related constraint of business, which can be from one embodiment to another
One embodiment and change.Furthermore, it will be understood that be such development effort may be complicated and time-consuming, but for benefiting from
Those of ordinary skill in the art of the disclosure are only undertaken routine works.
The theme of the disclosure is described with reference to the drawings.Describe schematically in the figures respectively merely for the purpose of explanation
Kind structure, system and equipment, and so that the details for being well known for those skilled in the art description not is covered.But, attached drawing
It is included to describe and explain the illustrated examples of disclosed theme.Word and phrase used herein should be appreciated that reconciliation
It is interpreted as having and the consistent meaning of understanding of the those skilled in the relevant arts to those words and phrase.The terms or phrase
It is consistent using being not intended to imply the specifically defined of the term or phrase, that is, be different from understood by one of ordinary skill in the art common
With the definition of common meaning.It with regard to term or phrase is intended to that there is particular meaning, be different from for the meaning that technical staff understands,
It is such it is specifically defined will expressly be proposed in a defined manner in the description, the mode of this definition is directly or clear
Ground is provided for the specifically defined of the term or phrase.
Fig. 1 shows the example system model for cognitive radio networks.As shown in fig. 1, CR network is considered to have
A pair of main transmitter (PU-Tx) and receiver (PU-Rx) and a pair for sharing frequency spectrum with main band under given interference constraints
Secondary emitters (SU-Tx) and receiver (SU-Rx).Enable γ1, γ2, h and g respectively indicate the instantaneous letter from PU-Tx to SU-Tx
Road power gain, the transient channel power gain from PU-Tx to SU-Rx, the transient channel power gain from SU-Tx to PU-Rx,
And the transient channel power gain from SU-Tx to SU-Rx.Channel gain be assumed it is ergodic, smoothly and
It is known at SU.In practice, SU can be provided with the channel gain of PU or SU can be by the training symbol of monitoring PU
To detect channel gain.
Fig. 2 illustrates a kind of flow chart of method for cognitive radio networks according to an embodiment of the present invention.The side of Fig. 2
Method can be performed at the secondary nodes (i.e. secondary user's) of cognitive radio networks.
This method starts from step S201 and proceeds to step S202, and wherein SU receives signal sequence from PU.Considered
Scene in, PU can be transmitted with multiple main transimission powers.
Then, at step S203, state of the SU based on signal sequence perception PU.The state of PU can be presence or not deposit
?.In one embodiment, perception is executed based on energy measuring.It should be understood by those skilled in the art that other skills can be used
Art perceives the state of PU.
At step S204, SU identifies at least one feature of PU based on the state of the PU perceived and signal sequence.
At least one feature may include main transimission power and at least one of modulation and encoding scheme (MCS).Certainly, if
Need to identify other features related with the configured transmission of PU.
Then, at step S205, SU can be determined for its own at least based at least one feature of PU
One configured transmission.In one embodiment, if configured transmission is transimission power, which may include by using extremely
It is that SU distributes secondary transmission that a few predetermined criterion, which carrys out at least one feature (such as main transimission power) based on PU,
Power.At least one predetermined criterion may include one or more of the following items: can reach being averaged for SU
Rate maximize；Average transmission power constraint under power predetermined；And under the maximum interference to host node
Average interference power constraint.
Finally, identified (multiple) configured transmissions can be used for communicating in SU, and this method is at step S206
Terminate.
Frequency spectrum perception and feature identification is described more fully below.It is obtained most based on likelihood ratio (likelihood ratio)
Excellent perception rule, this shows that the rule is equal with energy measuring rule.As an example, this feature is main transimission power.It is based on
Optimal detection is theoretical, and optimal main transimission power is estimated and total detection probability is derived.Then, for wherein PU with multiple
The case where main transimission power is transmitted, proposes multiple power levels allocation strategy, and particularly, a secondary transmission power depends on
One main transimission power.
Received signal is modeled as at j-th of sample at step S202:
Wherein H0And H1PU-Tx is respectively indicated to be not present or existing hypothesis；Pp,i, i=1 ... N is 0 < P of satisfactionp,i<
Pp,i+1,Main discrete transmissions power；sjIt is j-th of the symbol transmitted from PU-Tx, sjBe assumed to be in accordance with zero-mean and
The Gaussian Profile of unit variance, i.e. sj~N (0,1)；And njIt assumes that for all situations in accordance with N (0, N0) additive noise.
Assuming that sjAnd njIndependently of each other.
In one embodiment, at step S203, perception may include the accumulation energy for calculating received signal sequence
Amount.It can be written as using the detection statistics y of the accumulative reception energy of sample
Wherein M is the total quantity of the received sample at SU-Tx in a frame.Therefore in H0、Pp,iAnd H1Under the conditions of y it is general
Rate density function (pdf) provides respectively are as follows:
Wherein Γ () indicates gamma function, Pr (Pp,i) indicate PU with power Pp,iThe prior probability of transmission, the probability meetPr(H0) and Pr (H1) it is respectively PU free time and busy probability.
It can be written as using the optimum detector that likelihood ratio is tested:
Therefore, the perception of step S203 may further include the energy by that will accumulate and threshold value comparison predetermined
To determine the presence of PU.
Since L (y) is the strictly increasing function of y, wherein η is the hard decision rule of decision thresholdIt is equivalent toWherein θ is new threshold value of equal value.Therefore optimum detector is energy detector.
Then, false-alarm (false alarm) and the probability that accidentally (false) is detected can be calculated as
With
Wherein γ () is the imperfect gamma function of low order.
One vital task of frequency spectrum perception is to detect the state of PU (idle or busy, that is, be not present or exist).However,
In the case where multiple main transimission powers, estimation can be used to determine the transimission power of SU and protect the main transimission power of main transmission
Also significant.
Therefore, wherein this at least one be characterized in PU one embodiment of main transimission power in, the knowledge of step S204
Not may further include definition multiple subspaces corresponding with multiple main transimission powers, and by by cumlative energy with it is more
The energy comparison of sub-spaces estimates which main transimission power of multiple main transimission powers is used in PU.
This is a kind of typical more hypothesis test problems, and decision rule is
If
It sets up, then determines to be Pp,i.It will(4) (9) are substituted into, we obtain
To for Pp,iDecision space be
Wherein
Note that in (10), if Pr (Pp,i) very little, thenCan compareIt is bigger, and
And it is directed to Pr (Pp,i) decision space become empty.Enable λi, i=1 ... ... K+1 is breakpoint (break point), and βi, i=
1 ... ... K is in interval [λi, λi+1) in corresponding power estimation.Obviously, we have K≤N.Define λ1=0 and λK+1=+
∞, then the estimation of main transimission power can be written asIf y ∈ [λi, λi+1), i=1 ..., K (12)
Problem is changed into how to determine optimal λiAnd βi.Following lemma be used to solve the problems, such as this.
Lemma 1: for any constant y1And y2If y1<y2, i < k and f (PP, i|y1) < f (PP, k|y1), then we have
f(PP, i|y2) < f (PP, k|y2)。
It proves: firstly, we have
WithDue to i < k, Pp,i<
Pp,kIt sets up.With f (PP, i|y1) < f (PP, k|y1) together, according to (13), we obtain f (PP, i|y2) < f (PP, k|y2) set up.
Infer from (11), d (k, i) indicates f (PP, k| y=f (PP, i| point y y).Together with lemma 1, we can be as follows
Obtain λiAnd βiOptimal solution.Firstly, calculating f (P at point y=0P, k| 0), and k ∈ [1, N], selection byThe maximum value of expression, and set β1=Pp,i.As i=N, iteration stopping.The algorithm
Details such as table 1.
Table 1
Particularly, forThe case where, we have first
We can be readily demonstrated that,It sets up, andIt sets up.
Therefore, if k > i,It sets up, and d (k, i) is Pp,kIncreasing function, otherwise, d (k, i) is Pp,kThe letter that successively decreases
Number.Then in the case of such, (10) can be further written as
S(PP, i)={ y | d (i-1, i) < y < d (i+1, i) } (15)
And λj=d (j-1, i), βj=PP, j。
The performance of main transimission power estimation is analyzed as follows.We have first
Then total detection probability can be written as
When having had estimated the main transimission power of PU, the i.e. feature of the transimission power of identification PU at step S205, SU can
To determine its configured transmission based on the known another characteristic of PU.
In conventional power allocation scheme, the case where for constant main transimission power, SU-Tx will be based in perception
The judgement done during gap adjusts its transimission power.In the absence of PU is perceived as, SU-Tx will with higher power transmission,
Otherwise, it is transmitted with lower-wattage to reduce to interference caused by PU.
In wherein PU in the embodiment of the present invention of multiple main transimission powers transmission, the main transimission power of PU is given
Fixed estimation, SU will use a specific secondary transmission power.In other words, multistage power distribution is proposed.Particularly, if
PU is perceived as that H is not present0, then SU-Tx will be with power Ps,0It transmits, else if PU is perceived as with transimission power Pp,jIt deposits
Then SU-Tx will be with power Ps,jTo transmit.It can be based on estimated/identification by using at least one predetermined criterion
Main transimission power distribute secondary transmission power.
At least one predetermined criterion may include the one or more of the following terms: can reach being averaged for SU
Rate maximize；Average secondary transimission power constraint under power predetermined；And under the maximum interference to PU
Average interference power constraint.An example for determining optimal secondary transmission power is described below.
Due to the limitation of frequency spectrum perception technology, PU may be falsely detected or false-alarm it is possible that.Note that PU
There is no the case where equal to PU with the transmission of power 0.Define Pp,0=0 the case where being not present for PU.Then, the instantaneous transfer speed of SU
Rate is given by
Wherein first index (index) means true state, and second index means judgement as a result, and i
=0 ... ..., N, j=0 ... ... N.Subscript 0 means the state that PU is not present, therefore Pp,0=0 and Pr (Pp,0)=Pr
(H0)。
Therefore, the average accessible rate of SU can be modeled as
In parameter PavUnder average secondary transimission power constraint can be written as
In H1Lower SU generates interference to PU, wherein main transimission power is Pp,i, i=1 ..., N and SU is with Ps,j, j=
Any power transmission in 0 ... ..., N set.Therefore in maximum interference IavUnder average interference power constraint be modeled as
Under constraint discussed above, make the maximized optimization problem of accessible transmission rate of SU can be with formula
It turns to
Following lemma will be used.
Lemma 2: problem (22) is relative to transimission power P under the constraint of (20) and (21)s,jIt is convexity.
Prove: this is proved to be usual, because
And constraining (20) and (21) is all Ps,jLinear function, therefore problem (22) is about Ps,jIt is convexity.
Firstly, we can construct Lagrange L (P with reference to the problem (22) under constraint (20) and (21)s,j, α, μ) be
Wherein α, μ >=0 correspond to the dual variable of (20) and (21).
Then, we can construct Lagrangian double optimization problem and are
Using lemma 2, it is concluded that the optimal value of problem (24) is equal to problem (22).Therefore we can solve double
Re-optimization problem (24) rather than solve (22).From (24), we must obtain L (Ps,j, α, μ) supremum.It is optimal to find
Ps,j, we take L (PS, j, α, μ) and relative to PS, jDerivative, can be
From (25), it may be seen thatIt is Ps,jDecreasing function.So if having uniqueMeetI.e. if
, then for giving α and μ, optimal power allocation is otherwise PS, j=0.
Then need to find the optimal value of Lagrange's multiplier α and μ to obtain optimal power distribution strategies Ps,j.Here
Using optimal solution is found based on the method for subgradient, wherein subgradient is provided by following proposition, for example, oval body method and
Newton method.
Proposition 1: the subgradient of Lagrangian bifunction g (α, μ) is [C, D], wherein
And
It is the optimal power allocation for fixed α and μ.
Prove: will be expressed as the feasible value of bifunction g (α, μ), and be corresponding optimal function
Rate distribution.Proving that proposition 1 is equal to provesFor any and establishment.Therefore, Wo Menyou
Have determined that (multiple) configured transmission (such as secondary transmission power) of SU, then SU can be with identified (more
It is a) configured transmission communicates.
Simulation result is shown as maximum interference IavWhen low, the performance of the scheme proposed is better than conventional scheme.So
And as maximum interference IavWhen big, the performance of the scheme proposed is better than conventional scheme significantly.Simulation result is also shown in reality
In system, SU should detect main signal first and identify (multiple) feature of PU, and then distribution is attributed to the identificated feature not
With transimission power or due to modulation and encoding scheme (MCS).By this, SU can protect main transmission and improve it and can reach
Rate.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scheme proposed can be extended the feature that wherein SU is able to detect PU
And the configured transmission of its own is determined to protect the QoS of PU and improve other situations of its handling capacity.For example, SU can detecte
Operating frequency, modulation and the encoding scheme, and/or main transimission power of PU, and then determine the configured transmission of its own.It is mentioned
Scheme out can be used in the environment of plurality of coexistence of communication systems, to reduce the interference in user.For example, millimicro
Microcell can detecte LTE system and determine its suitable configured transmission.
Fig. 3 be can be configured to practice exemplary embodiment according to an embodiment of the present invention device 300 it is schematic
Block diagram.The device 300 can be incorporated in the secondary nodes in CR network, and be configured as executing as illustrated in referred to Fig. 2
The method of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 3, device 300 may include receiving unit 310, sension unit 320, recognition unit 330 and determine
Unit 340.
Receiving unit 310 is configured as receiving signal sequence from PU.For example, receiving unit 310 can be when having perception
M symbol is received in the frame of gap.In the scene considered, PU can be transmitted with multiple main transimission powers.
Sension unit 320 is configured to perceive the state of PU based on received signal sequence.The state of PU, which can be, deposits
Or be not present.In one embodiment, perception is executed based on energy measuring.In such embodiments, sension unit 320
It further comprise computing unit 321 and judging unit 322.Computing unit 321 is configured as calculating the tired of received signal sequence
Product energy, as shown in formula (2).Judging unit 322 is configured as by by the energy accumulated and threshold value predetermined
Compare the presence to determine PU, as described in reference formula (6).
Recognition unit 330 is configured as identifying at least one spy of PU based on the state of the PU perceived and signal sequence
Sign.At least one feature may include main transimission power and at least one of modulation and encoding scheme (MCS).Certainly, such as
Fruit needs to identify other feature related with the configured transmission of PU, such as operating frequency, the communication protocol of PU of PU etc..
In one embodiment that wherein PU is characterized in main transimission power, recognition unit 330 may further include fixed
Adopted unit 330 and estimation unit 332.Definition unit 331 is configured as definition and multiple main transimission powers are corresponding multiple sub empty
Between, as described in formula (10).Estimation unit 332 is configured as by by the energy comparison of cumlative energy and multiple subspaces
To estimate which main transimission power of multiple main transimission powers is used in PU.
Determination unit 340 is configured as determining at least one transmission ginseng for SU based at least one feature of PU
Number.In one embodiment, which is the secondary transmission power of SU.It is then determined unit 340 can be into
One step includes allocation unit 341, is configured as by using at least one predetermined criterion based on estimated PU's
Main transimission power is distributed secondary transmission power for SU.
Given estimation for the main transimission power of PU, a specific secondary transmission power will be assigned to SU.
At least one predetermined criterion may include one or more of the following items: keep being averaged for SU reachable
The rate arrived maximizes；Average secondary transimission power constraint under power predetermined；And in the maximum to host node
Average interference power constraint under interference.
Then, identified configured transmission can be used for communicating in SU.
It should be understood that including that unit in device 300 is configured for practicing exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Cause
This, operations described above and feature about Fig. 2 are also applied for device 300 and the unit of Qi Nei, and omit them here
Detailed description.
Fig. 4, which is illustrated, to be suitable for practicing the network node in CR network used in exemplary embodiment of the present invention
The simplified block diagram of 400 (such as secondary nodes).
As shown in Figure 4, network node 400 includes data processor (DP) 401, the memory for being coupled to DP 401
(MEM) 402 and it is coupled to the RF transmitter TX and receiver RX 404 appropriate of DP 401.MEM 402 stores program
(PROG)403.TX/RX 404 is for the two-way wireless communication with other network nodes.For example, Fig. 3 can be implemented in TX/RX 404
Receiving unit 310 to from host node (i.e. PU) receive signal sequence.
PROG 403 is assumed to include program instruction, and when being executed by associated DP 401, program instruction makes network
Node 400 can an exemplary embodiment of the present invention operate, as herein with Fig. 2 shown in discuss together with method
's.For example, sension unit 320, recognition unit 330 and determination unit 340 can be implemented to execute in PROG 403 and DP 401
Corresponding function.
The embodiment of the present invention can the computer software as performed by the DP 401 of network node 400 implement or by hard
Part or by software and hardware combination implement.
MEM 402 can be any type suitable for local technical environment, and any data appropriate can be used and deposit
Storage technology is implemented, such as storage equipment, magnetic storage device and the system based on semiconductor of non-limiting example, light
Store equipment and system, fixed memory and removable memory.Although only one MEM is shown in network node 400, in net
There can be several physically different memory cells in network node 400.DP 401 can be appointing suitable for local technical environment
What type, and as non-limiting example may include general purpose computer, special purpose computer, microprocessor, at digital signal
Manage one or more of device (DSP) and the processor based on multi-core processor framework.Network node 400 can have multiple places
Device is managed, is such as dedicated IC chip, is driven in the clock synchronous with primary processor in time.
Exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described by reference to the block diagram of method and apparatus and flow chart diagram above.It answers
Understand be block diagram and flow chart diagram each frame and the combination of frame of block diagram and flow chart diagram respectively can be by including
The various devices of computer program instructions are implemented.These computer program instructions can be loaded into general purpose computer, dedicated
To generate a kind of machine on computer or other programmable data processing units, so as in computer or other programmable numbers
According to the instruction creation executed in processing unit for implementing function specified in one or more flow chart box.
Computer program instructions above-mentioned can be such as subroutine and/or function.In one embodiment of the invention
Computer program product include at least one computer readable memory medium, deposited in the computer readable memory medium
Contain computer program instructions above-mentioned.Computer readable memory medium can be such as CD or be as RAM is (random
Access memory) or ROM (read-only memory) electronic memory device.
Although this specification includes many particular implementation details, these be should not be interpreted as to any embodiment party
Limitation in formula range, or to the limitation to content claimed, and being regarded as may be specific to particular implementation side
The description of the feature of the specific embodiment of formula.Certain features described in the background of isolated embodiment in the present specification
It can also implement in combination in a single embodiment.On the contrary, the various features described in the background of single embodiment can also
It is carried out with being discretely carried out in various embodiments or with any sub-portfolio appropriate.Moreover, although feature is above
It may be described as being acted with certain combinations, and be even so initially so claimed, from required
The combined one or more features of protection can be deleted from combination in some cases, and combination claimed
The modification of sub-portfolio or sub-portfolio can be pointed to.
It is also noted that examples described above is presented for describing rather than limits the present invention, and it is appreciated that
Be as readily understood by the skilled person without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, modification can be taken
And variation.These modifications and variations are considered in the present invention and scope of the appended claims.Protection model of the invention
It encloses and is defined by the following claims.In addition, any appended drawing reference in detail in the claims should not be construed as to claim
Limitation.Verb " comprising " and its paradigmatic use those of are not excluded for stating in claim except element or step
Element or step presence.Indefinite article " one " before element or step is not excluded for depositing for multiple such elements or step
?.
Claims (11)
1. the method that one kind is used for cognitive radio (CR) network, comprising:
Signal sequence is received from the host node with multiple main transimission powers；
The state of the host node is perceived based on the signal sequence；The wherein state of the host node are as follows: exist, or do not deposit
?；
At least one feature of the host node is identified based on the state of the host node and the signal sequence；Wherein
At least one described feature includes main transimission power and at least one of modulation and encoding scheme (MCS)；And
At least one configured transmission for secondary nodes is determined based at least one described feature.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein the determination includes:
It is secondary nodes distribution time that at least one described feature is based on by using at least one predetermined criterion
Grade transimission power.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein at least one described predetermined criterion includes in the following terms
It is one or more:
Maximize the average accessible rate of the secondary nodes；
Average secondary transimission power constraint under power predetermined；And
Average interference power constraint under the maximum interference to the host node.
4. method described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, wherein the feature includes at least the main transmission of host node
Power, and the identification includes:
Definition multiple subspaces corresponding with the multiple main transimission power；And
By the way that the energy comparison of the cumlative energy of the signal sequence and the multiple subspace is being estimated the host node just
Using the main transimission power of which of the multiple main transimission power.
5. method according to any one of claim 1-3, wherein the perception includes:
Calculate the cumlative energy of the signal sequence；And
By the presence that the cumlative energy and threshold value comparison predetermined are determined to the host node.
6. according to the method described in claim 4, wherein the perception includes:
Calculate the cumlative energy of the signal sequence；And
By the presence that the cumlative energy and threshold value comparison predetermined are determined to the host node.
7. the device that one kind is used for cognitive radio (CR) network, comprising:
Receiving unit is configured for receiving signal sequence from the host node with multiple main transimission powers；
Sension unit is configured for the signal sequence to perceive the state of the host node；The wherein host node
State are as follows: exist, or be not present；
Recognition unit, the state and the signal sequence for being configured for the host node identify the host node
At least one feature；Wherein at least one described feature includes in main transimission power and modulation and encoding scheme (MCS)
At least one；And
Determination unit is configured at least one described feature to determine at least one transmission ginseng for secondary nodes
Number.
8. device according to claim 7, wherein the determination unit includes:
Allocation unit, being configured to be based at least one described feature using at least one predetermined criterion is
The secondary nodes distribute secondary transmission power.
9. device according to claim 8, wherein at least one described predetermined criterion includes in the following terms
It is one or more:
Maximize the average accessible rate of the secondary nodes；
Average secondary transimission power constraint under power predetermined；And
Average interference power constraint under the maximum interference to the host node.
10. the device according to any one of claim 7-9, wherein the feature includes at least the main transmission function of host node
Rate, and the recognition unit includes:
Definition unit is configured for definition multiple subspaces corresponding with the multiple main transimission power；And
Estimation unit is configured to the energy comparison of the cumlative energy of the signal sequence and the multiple subspace
To estimate that the main transimission power of which of the multiple main transimission power is used in the host node.
11. device according to claim 7, wherein the sension unit includes:
Computing unit is configured for calculating the cumlative energy of the signal sequence；And
Judging unit is configured to the cumlative energy and threshold value comparison predetermined determining the host node
Presence.
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