CN104901913B - Being believed based on multi-user can simultaneous interpretation interference system efficiency maximization transceiver design method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind to believe that energy simultaneous interpretation interference system efficiency maximizes transceiver design method based on multi-user, the core concept of this method are as follows: challenge is simplified with Dinkelbach algorithm, i.e., is converted to general non-fractional programming by former PROBLEM DECOMPOSITION at a series of subproblem and by non-linear fractional programming.Finally the iteration thought of Dinkelbach algorithm is recycled to find out optimal transfer pre-coding and power splitting factor to complete the design that multi-user believes energy simultaneous interpretation interference system, realizes the maximization of energy efficiency under the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication transmission technique, specially Multi-users MIS O (Multiple Input Single
Output) the maximized transceiver design method of energy efficiency under wireless communication energy simultaneous interpretation interference system.
Background technique
At present, the environmental problem of the communication technology generates huge energy consumption and its generation has become communication industry or even the whole society
Focus of attention.Radio wave can not only transmit information, additionally it is possible to transmit energy as a kind of potential green energy resource.Its
The energy of middle transmission can efficiently use, under conditions of not influencing telecommunication service quality, most effectively using transmission energy
Amount can reduce the energy consumption of whole system, improve the energy efficiency of system.
Current many research work concentrate on the throughput-maximized of wireless communication system, and transmission power minimizes or nothing
Line collecting energy is maximumlly studied.Its Literature [Q.Shi, W.Xu, T.-H.Chang, Y.Wang and E.Song,
“Joint beamforming and power splitting for MISO interference channel with
SWIPT:an SOCP relaxation and decentralized algorithm,”,IEEE Trans.Signal
Process.vol.62, no.23, pp.6194-6208, Dec.2014.] and [S.Timotheou, I.Krikidis, G.Zheng
and B.Ottersten,“Beamforming for MISO interference channels with QoS and RF
energy transfer,”IEEE Trans.Wireless Commun.,vol.13,no.5,pp.2646-2658,May
2014.] it is to believe energy simultaneous interpretation interference system for multi-user, target is minimised as with transimission power, convex relaxing techniques is utilized to study
The co-design method of precoding and power splitting factor.However energy efficiency, it is defined as the energy of transmission per unit bit consumption
It measures (the every bit of joule), and judges an important evaluation criterion of a system performance quality, it is current and future green
The focus on research direction of wireless communication system.Therefore the present invention be directed to multi-users to believe energy simultaneous interpretation interference system, with energy efficiency
Maximum turns to target, utilizes the co-design side of Dinkelbach algorithm research transfer pre-coding and reception power splitting factor
Method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the deficiencies for traditional letter energy simultaneous interpretation interference system technology, propose a kind of based on multi-purpose
Family letter can the maximized transceiver design method of simultaneous interpretation interference system efficiency.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: one kind is believed based on multi-user can simultaneous interpretation interference system
The maximized transceiver design method of efficiency, includes the following steps:
(1) following variable: the constrained objective γ of Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio is initializedk, acquire power constraint target ek, k=1,2 ...,
K, the power constraint target P of each userk；
(2) the energy efficiency maximization problems of energy simultaneous interpretation interference system, which simplifies, to be believed to multi-user, i.e., by former problem point
Solution is at K subproblem；With Dinkelbach thought, nonlinear fractional programming is converted into general non-by introducing efficiency variable η
Fractional programming, wherein k-th of independent subproblem is as follows:
0<pk<Pk
0≤ρk≤1
Wherein: ρkFor the power splitting factor of user k, K is total number of users, PCTotal consumed power is fixed for system,
For antenna introduce additive noise variance,It is changed into caused additivity when baseband signal carries out signal processing for radiofrequency signal
The variance of noise,For efficiency power amplifier, ζkFor the energy conversion efficiency of Acquisition Circuit unit, and definehkkIndicate the conjugate channel vector between the transmitter and receiver of user k,Indicate that the optimal of user k is compeled
Zero precoding direction vector, η indicate efficiency variable；
(3) k-th of independent subproblem are with pk,ρkFor unknown number, the optimal solution p of each subproblem is solvedk,ρkTo get to closing
Formula solution set { pk,ρk, k=1,2 ..., K；Pass through formulaAcquire this closed solutions set pair
The energy valid value η answered；Being acquired based on Dinkelbach iteration thought finally can valid value η(n)And it is corresponding
(4) transfer pre-coding vector is calculatedThe transmitter of k=1,2 ... K, user k utilize vkTo transmission
Signal carries out precoding, while passing through control channel for each power splitting factorIt is sent to corresponding receiver, Mei Geyong
Family receiver sets power splitting factor, completes the transceiver design of letter energy simultaneous interpretation interference system, can carry out information and energy
While receive.
The solution of the K independent subproblem is based on Dinkelbach alternative manner, specifically includes following sub-step:
(1.1) the number of iterations n=1, feasible solution are initializedAnd calculate corresponding energy valid value η(n), whereinUser k is respectively indicated in the obtained transimission power of nth iteration and power splitting factor；
(1.2) the number of iterations n=n+1 is updated, k-th of subproblem is solved, that is, solves corresponding to the subproblem four one
Tie up equation, it may be assumed that
Equation one:
Equation two:
Equation three:
Wherein:
Equation four:
Wherein:
Find out corresponding closed solutions set { pk,ρk, it finds out and meets 0≤ρ of feasible zonek≤ 1 and l2(ρk)≤pk≤PkAnd make
Obtain objective functionIt obtains corresponding when maximum valueAs user k is corresponding
Solution, repeat the step until all subproblems and all find corresponding optimal solution, energy valid value η at this time can be calculated(n), η(n)It can
To indicate are as follows:
(1.3) judge whether to meet iterated conditionalε is decision threshold, is continued to execute if meeting condition
Step (1.2) finds final energy valid value not yet；Otherwise circulation is jumped out, η at this time is exported(n)With
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: transmission beam figuration vector sum interference channel matrix is carried out effective group by the present invention
It closes, former complicated problem is simplified using force zero and Dinkelbach algorithm.In the premise for meeting telecommunication service quality
Under, transmission while not only realizing information and energy, it is often more important that maximize the energy efficiency of letter energy simultaneous interpretation interference system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system model figure of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the program flow diagram of the key algorithm of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 be one embodiment of the invention average efficiency compared with transmission power figure；
Fig. 4 be one embodiment of the invention average efficiency compared with transmitting antenna number figure.
Specific embodiment
In order to allow the present invention to be more clear reliably, embodiments of the present invention will be hereafter specifically addressed.
The model of system is as shown in Figure 1, consider that a multi-user believes energy simultaneous interpretation interference system, in given band bandwidth W
Under, each user (Tk) (the total K user of transmitting terminal) be equipped with Nt(Nt> 1) 1 single-antenna subscriber of a antenna provision (total K of receiving terminal
A user).Allow sj~CN (0,1) indicates transmission symbol, vjIndicate precoding (or wave beam forming vector) j=1 ..., K.It allows
hkjThe conjugation channel vector between transmitter j and receiver k is indicated, then the signal that user k receives can indicate are as follows:
WhereinIndicate the antenna additive noise of user k.
Different from traditional Multi-users MIS O system, the signal that each user receives will divide two parts, and a part is used
In information decoding, another part is used for energy acquisition.User k receives signal proportionally ρkIt is divided, information decoding portion
PointIt can indicate are as follows:
WhereinFor radiofrequency signal be changed into baseband signal carry out signal processing when caused by additive noise.
Another part energy acquisition functionIt can indicate are as follows:
Therefore, the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio SINR of the channel decoding of user kkIt can indicate are as follows:
The power E of user k acquisitionkIt can indicate are as follows:
Wherein ζk∈ (0,1] indicate energy conversion efficiency.
According to shannon formula, the message transmission rate R of k-th of userkIt can indicate are as follows:
Therefore, the total message transmission rate R of system can be indicated are as follows:
The total power consumption P of systemsIt may be expressed as:
Wherein first partIndicate transmitter amplifier power loss (Indicate the power effect of amplifier
Rate), second part PcThe Constant power dissipation for indicating receiver signal processing, is independent from each other with first part.
For letter energy simultaneous interpretation interference system, telecommunication service quality requires to include two parts, and a part is to guarantee just
Normal open letter needs Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio SINRkReach certain requirement, another part is acquisition power EkIt need to meet some requirements.It is false
If SINRkAnd EkDesign object be respectively γkAnd ek.In order to simplify the design of transceiver, we use the most common wave beam shape
At scheme-force zero processing, i.e. zero multi-user interference signal.Mathematically, this problem can be equivalent to and (ignore constant W):
0≤pk≤Pk,
Observe the above problem, it is easy to find, which is non-convex optimization problem (including non-convex objective function and non-convex
Constraint set), but according to the zero-forcing constraint condition and structure of problem (9), we can use proposition 1 and carry out problem (9)
Simplify.
Proposition 1: it is assumed that UkIt is expressed as interference channel matrixZero
The vector of orthogonal space base composition, definitiongkIt is respectively as follows:
Therefore problem (9) can simplify are as follows:
0≤pk≤Pk,
Wherein
It will be apparent that problem (11) is a non-linear fractional programming, it is difficult to be solved.Efficiency variable η is introduced to use
The objective function of problem (11) is converted into molecule by Dinkelbach algorithm, the form that denominator subtracts each other.Therefore, objective function can turn
It is changed to:
As η=η*, η*It indicates are as follows:
η*It is only the largest energy efficiency, if the optimum value of the problem of F (η) is indicated (12).Dinkelbach algorithm is
A kind of iterative algorithm, the η of generation converge on maximum energy efficiency η*So that F (η*)=0.Wherein the acquisition of η value is as shown in Figure 2.
Once η restrains, problem (12) will be resolved, and the optimal solution of problem (11) also just obtained, to realize energy efficiency
Optimization.
Therefore, we firstly the need of solution are problem (12).Different from problem (11), problem (12) is for each user
It is all independent.That is, problem (12) can be broken down into K subproblem, wherein k-th of subproblem can indicate are as follows:
0≤pk≤Pk,
0≤ρk≤1.
For convenience, solving the problems, such as that we first convert the first two condition of the problem before (14), i.e.,
If
If by pkUse ρkIt indicates, i.e. pk(ρk).Problem (14) has reformed into that the single argument with edge-restraint condition is convex to ask
Topic, optimum value one are scheduled on extreme point or boundary value point.Therefore, optimum value pk(ρk)It can be following four kinds of situations:
1)pk(ρk)=Pk；2)pk(ρk)=l1(ρk)；3)pk(ρk)=l2(ρk)；4)WhereinTable
Show the objective function of problem (14) with pkFor the extreme point of unknown number.In order to solve the problems, such as (14), it would be desirable to which p is discussed respectivelyk,
ρkEvery case, be now summarized as following 3 kinds of situations:
1) assume(For pkUpper boundary values), when
When, objective function ψk(ρk) can indicate are as follows:
1.1) it asks(with ρkFor the extreme point of unknown number), so enablingObtain ρkIt is not present.
1.2) it asks(ρkUpper boundary values), the 2nd constraint condition of problem (14) is converted:ThereforeI.e.
:
pk=Pk
Verify assumed conditionIt is whether true, it sets up then and there is this solution, no
This solution is then ignored in establishment.
1.3) it asks(ρkLower border value), (14) first constraint conditions of problem are converted:Therefore
IfThen?
Verify assumed conditionIt is whether true, it sets up then and there is this solution, no
This solution is then ignored in establishment.
IfThen ρk=0 i.e. ρkIt is not present.
2) assume(For pkLower border value), i.e.,
2.1) work as l1(ρk)>l2(ρkWhen) > 0, objective function ψk(ρk) can indicate are as follows:
It asksSo enablingObtain ρkIt is not present.
2.2) work as l2(ρk)≥l1(ρkWhen) > 0, objective function ψk(ρk) can indicate are as follows:
It asksSo enabling:
Wherein:
At this time
Separately verify 1 (l of assumed condition2(ρk)≥l1(ρk) > 0) and assumed condition 2Whether
It sets up, sets up then and there is this solution, it is invalid, ignore this solution.
3) assumeIt enables:
Therefore, objective function ψk(ρk) can indicate are as follows:
It asksSo enabling:
A2ρk+B2=0 (23)
Wherein:
At this time
Verify assumed conditionIt is whether true, it sets up then and there is this solution, it is invalid, ignore this
Solution.
Closed solutions { the ρ that each case is obtainedkAnd corresponding { pk, in generation, arrives in problem (14), and then finding out makes ψk(ρk)
Obtain (ρ corresponding to maximum valuek,pk), as problem (14) is solved, then similarly solves other subproblems, finally obtains problem
(11) feasible solution { ρk,pk}。
To sum up, the transmitter of user k utilizes vkPrecoding is carried out to transmission signal, while passing through control channel for each function
Rate splitting factor is sent to corresponding receiver, makes each receiver user setting power splitting factor, reaches information and energy
While receive, to realize the maximization of energy efficiency.
As shown in Fig. 2, describing the specific method for going out η value with Dinkelbach algorithm iteration, comprising the following steps:
(1) the number of iterations n=1, feasible solution are initializedAnd calculate corresponding energy valid value η(n), whereinUser k is respectively indicated in the obtained transimission power of nth iteration and power splitting factor (initial value η(1),η(2)Point
It is not set as 10-3With)；
(2) corresponding closed solutions set { p is found outk,ρk, it finds out and meets 0≤ρ of feasible zonek≤ 1 and l2(ρk)≤pk≤PkAnd
So that objective functionIt obtains corresponding when maximum valueAs k couples of user
The solution answered, the repetition step all find corresponding optimal solution until all subproblems, can calculate energy valid value η at this time(n), η(n)
It can indicate are as follows:
(3) judge whether to meet iterated conditionalε is decision threshold, is set as 10-4If meeting condition
It continues to execute step (1.2), i.e., finds final energy valid value not yet；Otherwise circulation is jumped out, η at this time is exported(n)With
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is simulating, verifying of the present invention by Matlab to designed scheme.Parameter is specifically configured to: being sent
Hold antenna number Nt=8, the quantity K=4 of receiver, energy conversion factor ξ=0.65, antenna noise powerTransmitted noise powerEfficiency power amplifierBandwidth W=15KHz, in addition, false
If all information receivers SINR having the samekAnd EkThreshold value, i.e. γ1=...=γK=γ and e1=...=eK=
e.If not making specified otherwise, overall transmission power P is set in simulationsk=40dBm, γ=20dBm, e=-20dBm.This paper's
Transceiver always fixes circuit and consumes PCValue as follows:
PC=Nt(PDAC+Pmix+Pfilt)+2Psyn+K(PLNA+Pmix+PIFA+Pfilr+PADC) (24)
Wherein: PDAC, Pmix, Pfilt, Psyn, PLNA, PIFA, PADCRespectively indicate digital-to-analogue conversion, the filter of mixer, transmitter terminal
Function consumed by wave device, frequency mixer, low-noise amplifier, intermediate frequency amplifier, receiver end filter and analog-to-digital conversion
Rate.In simulations, the value of each parameter such as table 1:
1 transceiver of table always fixes each parameter value in circuit consumption
| Mixer Pmix | 30.3mW |
| Filter Pfilt=Pfilr | 2.5mW |
| Frequency mixer Psyn | 50mW |
| Low-noise amplifier PLNA | 20mW |
| Intermediate frequency amplifier PIFA | 3mW |
| Digital-to-analogue converts PDAC | 15.44mW |
| Analog-to-digital conversion PADC | 6.76mW |
Fig. 3 gives average energy valid value figure compared with transimission power.Respectively arranged parameter in figure are as follows: γ=20dBm,
E=-20dBm and γ=10dBm, e=-10dBm.It can be seen that the continuous increasing with transimission power by two curves in figure
Greatly, average energy valid value constantly increases, but when the transimission power of two curves is respectively greater than and is equal to 16dBm and 26dBm, average energy
Valid value all no longer increases and keeps in the same horizontal line, it is meant that transimission power is no longer the important of the average efficiency of influence at this time
Parameter.
Fig. 4 gives average energy valid value figure compared with antenna number, the parameter being arranged in figure are as follows: γ=20dBm, e=-
20dBm, transceiver always fixes circuit and consumes P known to formula (24)CIt will increase with the increase of antenna number.It can be seen by figure
Out as antenna number NtWhen increasing to 16 from 4, average energy valid value constantly increases, but when antenna number increases to 60 from 16, puts down
Energy valid value is but gradually reduced, it means that should carry out a day line options when transmitter terminal will use large-scale antenna array
Good performance efficiency could be obtained.
Being compared by the performance simulation of front, the present invention can control transimission power not only to realize that efficiency maximizes, but also
Antenna number can be carried out reasonably selecting and realize that efficiency maximizes, can risen in the large-scale antenna array of following 5G technology
To important function.
The present invention is not only limited to above-mentioned specific embodiment, and persons skilled in the art are disclosed interior according to the present invention
Hold, the present invention can be implemented using other a variety of specific embodiments.Therefore, all using design structure and think of of the invention
Road does the design of some simple variations or change, both falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. one kind believes that energy simultaneous interpretation interference system efficiency maximizes transceiver design method based on multi-user, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
(1) following variable: the constrained objective γ of Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio is initializedk, acquire power constraint target ek, k=1,2 ..., K, often
The power constraint target P of a userk；
(2) the energy efficiency maximization problems of energy simultaneous interpretation interference system, which simplifies, to be believed to multi-user, i.e., believing multi-user can be same
The energy efficiency maximization problems for passing interference system resolves into K subproblem；With Dinkelbach thought, efficiency variable is introduced
Nonlinear fractional programming is converted into general non-fractional programming by η, wherein k-th of independent subproblem is as follows:
0<pk<Pk
0≤ρk≤1
Wherein: ρkFor the power splitting factor of user k, K is total number of users, PCTotal consumed power is fixed for system,For antenna
The variance of the additive noise of introducing,It is changed into caused additive noise when baseband signal carries out signal processing for radiofrequency signal
Variance,For efficiency power amplifier, ζkFor the energy conversion efficiency of Acquisition Circuit unit, and definehkkTable
Show the conjugate channel vector between the transmitter and receiver of user k,Indicate user k optimal approach to zero precoding direction to
Amount, η indicate efficiency variable；
(3) k-th of independent subproblem are with pk,ρkFor unknown number, the optimal solution p of each subproblem is solvedk,ρkTo get arrive closed solutions
Gather { pk,ρk, k=1,2 ..., K；Pass through formulaIt is corresponding to acquire this closed solutions set
It can valid value η；Being acquired based on Dinkelbach iteration thought finally can valid value η(n)And it is correspondingWherein, n is
The number of iterations, η(n)For the energy valid value of nth iteration,It is user k in the obtained transimission power of nth iteration；For with
Family k is in the obtained power splitting factor of nth iteration；
(4) transfer pre-coding vector is calculatedThe transmitter of user k utilizes vkTo transmission signal
Precoding is carried out, while passing through control channel for each power splitting factorIt is sent to corresponding receiver, each user connects
Receipts machine sets power splitting factor, complete letter can simultaneous interpretation interference system transceiver design, the same of information and energy can be carried out
When receive.
2. a kind of according to claim 1 believe that energy simultaneous interpretation interference system efficiency maximizes transceiver design side based on multi-user
Method, which is characterized in that the solution of the K independent subproblem is based on Dinkelbach iterative algorithm, specifically includes following sub-step
It is rapid:
(1.1) the number of iterations n=1, feasible solution are initializedAnd calculate corresponding energy valid value η(n), whereinUser k is respectively indicated in the obtained transimission power of nth iteration and power splitting factor；
(1.2) the number of iterations n=n+1 is updated, k-th of subproblem is solved, that is, solves four one-dimensional squares corresponding to the subproblem
Journey, it may be assumed that
Equation one:
Wherein: pk(ρk) it is by pkUse ρkIt indicates；
Equation two:
Wherein: pk(ρk) it is by pkUse ρkIt indicates；
Equation three:
Wherein:
Equation four:
Wherein:Indicate the objective function of k-th of independent subproblem with pkFor the extreme point of unknown number；
Find out corresponding closed solutions set { pk,ρk, it finds out and meets 0≤ρ of feasible zonek≤ 1 and l2(ρk)≤pk≤PkAnd make target
FunctionIt obtains corresponding when maximum valueThe as corresponding solution of user k,
The repetition step all finds corresponding optimal solution until all subproblems, can calculate energy valid value η at this time(n), η(n)It indicates are as follows:
(1.3) judge whether to meet iterated conditionalε is decision threshold, if meeting condition continues to execute step
(1.2), i.e., final energy valid value is found not yet；Otherwise circulation is jumped out, η at this time is exported(n)With
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