CN104900886B - A kind of metal double polar plates with convection type coolant flow field - Google Patents
A kind of metal double polar plates with convection type coolant flow field Download PDFInfo
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- CN104900886B CN104900886B CN201510279772.8A CN201510279772A CN104900886B CN 104900886 B CN104900886 B CN 104900886B CN 201510279772 A CN201510279772 A CN 201510279772A CN 104900886 B CN104900886 B CN 104900886B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of metal double polar plates, including hydrogen plate and oxygen plate, hydrogen plate and oxygen plate are stamped with cooling liquid inlet, cooling liquid outlet and move towards S-type snakelike cooling liquid flowing channel, and cooling liquid inlet and cooling liquid outlet are located at the middle part at hydrogen plate and oxygen plate two ends;Hydrogen plate and oxygen plate are bonded or are welded with the relative superposition in cooling liquid flowing channel face, and the hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel being centrosymmetric and oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel are formed between hydrogen plate and oxygen plate;Hydrogen plate is connected with the cooling liquid inlet of oxygen plate, and hydrogen plate is connected with the cooling liquid outlet of oxygen plate.The present invention is under conditions of ensureing that gas is evenly distributed, and being processed by punch forming mode makes gas and the uniform flow field of coolant distribution, is adjusted by the parameter of gas flowfield and controlled the parameter of coolant;By YSY type coolant flow Field Designs, solve traditional runner and can not solve coolant and be uniformly distributed fuel battery inside " focus " problem caused.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a kind of metal bipolar with convection type coolant flow field
Plate.
Background technology
Fuel cell as a kind of efficient, environment-friendly TRT, base station power, middle-size and small-size power station, electric car,
In terms of stand-by power supply, portable power supplies, have broad application prospects.Fuel cell can be divided into pem fuel electricity
Pond, DMFC, alkaline fuel cell, SOFC, fuse salt fuel cell, Microbial fuel
Battery, biological fuel cell etc..
Fuel cell is mainly made up of end plate, collector plate, bipolar plates, membrane electrode etc..Bipolar plates are the supports of fuel cell
Part, main to play support, distribution directing gas flow simultaneously separation gas and afflux conduction, the material that bipolar plates are done at present is main
There are two major classes:One class is the bipolar plates that graphite is done, and a class is metal double polar plates.Because metal double polar plates have light weight, sheet material
The advantages of thin, easy processing and large-scale production, increasingly it is used for fuel cell industry.The processing technology of metal double polar plates is different from
The processing technology of traditional graphite bi-polar plate, metal double polar plates are mainly based on plate stamping, so metal double polar plates are to fuel
The design requirement of the gas flowfield of battery is higher, and the design of gas flowfield not only needs to design being uniformly distributed for gas, Er Qiexu
Take into account the flow Field Design of coolant.
Publication No. is a kind of CN 103700865A patent of invention " metal double polar plates for fuel cell ", in anode
Be correspondingly arranged in unipolar plate and negative electrode unipolar plate cooling liquid inlet sprue and cooling liquid outlet sprue and it is described enter
Mouth and exit are bending structure in the same direction, the coolant flow-guiding channel of formation bridge structure, cooling liquid inlet master after welding laminating
Reactant in runner flows into cooling liquid flowing channel by coolant flow-guiding channel, then exports passage by cooling liquid outlet through coolant
Sprue flows out.In the structure cooling liquid flowing channel formation between anode unipolar plate and negative electrode unipolar plate, two plates have one it is cold
But liquid runner, inhomogeneous cooling is even, and cooling effectiveness is low.
Publication No. discloses one kind for CN103441289A patent of invention " bipolar plates, fuel cell and fuel cell pack "
Bipolar plates, bipolar plates have first gas import, first gas outlet, second gas import and second gas outlet, the first gas
Body import and first gas outlet are separately positioned on the two ends of the first guiding gutter, second gas import and second gas outlet difference
It is arranged on the two ends of the second guiding gutter, the first guiding gutter is snakelike, and the first cache slot is block groove, and the first guiding gutter and the
The depth of one cache slot is identical, to be uniformly distributed reaction gas.Set on the surface that positive plate and/or minus plate are oppositely arranged
Having has cooling liquid inlet and cooling liquid outlet, the first end of coolant guiding gutter and cooling in coolant guiding gutter, bipolar plates
Liquid inlet communication, the second end of coolant guiding gutter is connected with cooling liquid outlet.When anode plate and cathode plate in the course of the work
When producing excessive heat, by being passed through coolant or water in coolant guiding gutter, the purpose radiated to bipolar plates can be reached,
So as to ensure that stable fuel cell is run.Though solving the problem of gas flowfield is uniform in the structure, coolant is not led
The structure of chute makes Curve guide impeller, and cooling effectiveness is low.
Publication No. is a kind of CN102306813A patent of invention " stamping forming fuel battery double plates of sheet metal ",
Including flow field veneer in the middle of two pieces of identical gas flowfield veneers and one piece, respectively as oxidant stream field plate, fuel gas stream
Field plate and coolant flow-field plate, two pieces of gas flowfield veneers pass through the sealing placed in its surrounding contact surface, its bezel seal groove
Material, the contact surface for filling and leading up material and middle flow field veneer both sides for filling and leading up placement in region, connect the intermediate flow respectively
Field veneer both sides, are combined into the fuel battery double plates;Three imports and three outlets are equipped with the veneer of each flow field, point
It is not:Oxidant inlet, cooling liquid inlet, fuel gas inlets, oxidant outlet, cooling liquid outlet and fuel gas outlet.
The side of wherein described gas flowfield veneer is reactant gas flow region, and the opposite side of the gas flowfield veneer corresponds to gas
The spine of body flow region is liquid flow field groove;The side of the middle flow field veneer is the flow-field channel being stamped and formed out, with
The liquid flow field groove construction of the gas flowfield plate is into cooling liquid flowing channel.The structure is using three pieces of veneers, in two blocks of gas streams
Cooling liquid flowing channel is formed between field veneer and middle flow field veneer, but using middle flow field veneer, adds overall volume, raising
Manufacturing complexity.
Existing metal double polar plates flow Field Design, is primarily present some following problem:1st, based on being distributed with gas flowfield, very
Cooling liquid flowing channel is taken into account less, and the internal cooling effect heterogeneity of fuel cell pile causes fuel cell pile internal temperature point
Cloth heterogeneity, some regional temperatures are higher, and the temperature difference is larger, cause fuel battery inside " focus " phenomenon.Fuel cell pile is long
Time works under these conditions, can cause the drastically reduction in fuel cell pile performance and life-span;2nd, using the knot of three ply board
Structure, the number of plies of bipolar plates is more, can cause:A, the volume of pile are increased;B, add bipolar plate structure complexity and its process work
The complexity of skill;C, add bipolar plate interface resistance and cause the internal resistance of fuel cell pile to increase.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention:In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of metal with convection type coolant flow field
Bipolar plates, by rational flow Field Design, under conditions of ensureing that gas is evenly distributed, solving traditional runner can not solve
The problem of coolant is uniformly distributed.
Technical scheme:Metal double polar plates of the present invention with convection type coolant flow field, including structure identical
Hydrogen plate and oxygen plate, the hydrogen plate and oxygen plate are stamped with cooling liquid inlet, cooling liquid outlet and move towards S-type coolant stream
Road, cooling liquid inlet and cooling liquid outlet are located at the middle part of the hydrogen plate and oxygen plate both sides;The hydrogen plate and oxygen plate are with cold
But liquid runner is surveyed relative stacking and is connected, and the hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel and oxygen being centrosymmetric are formed between the hydrogen plate and oxygen plate
Plate cooling liquid flowing channel;The hydrogen plate is connected with the cooling liquid inlet of oxygen plate, and the hydrogen plate is connected with the cooling liquid outlet of oxygen plate, cold
But liquid enters from the cooling liquid inlet of the hydrogen plate or oxygen plate, and hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel entrance and oxygen plate coolant stream are flowed to respectively
Road entrance, is flowed through after hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel, oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel, respectively from the outlet of hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel and the cooling of oxygen plate
Liquid runner exit flows out to the cooling liquid outlet of the hydrogen plate and oxygen plate.
Further optimize above-mentioned technical proposal, cooling liquid inlet and the hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel of the hydrogen plate and oxygen plate
Runner between entrance, the oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel entrance is in Y types;The cooling liquid outlet of the hydrogen plate and oxygen plate and the hydrogen
Runner between the outlet of plate cooling liquid flowing channel, oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel outlet is in Y types.
By above-mentioned design, the formation Y-S-Y type coolants flow field between cooling liquid inlet and cooling liquid outlet, and hydrogen
Between plate cooling liquid flowing channel and oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel be in Convection states, improve cooling effect, it is ensured that cooling procedure it is uniform
Property, be conducive to temperature control.
Hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel and oxygen the plate cooling liquid flowing channel is respectively by least three cooling liquid flowing channel ridges and cooling
Cooling liquid flowing channel groove composition between liquid runner ridge.
The width of hydrogen plate and oxygen the plate cooling liquid flowing channel ridge is 0.5-3mm, the depth of the hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel groove
Spend for 0.3-2mm, the depth of the oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel groove is 0.4-3mm.Hydrogen plate, hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel ridge and coolant
The parameter designing of flow path groove is respectively provided with material impact for the coolant flow field formed by it and corresponding gas flowfield, and parameter is too
It is big or too small all improper.
Preferably, the width of the hydrogen plate and oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel ridge is 1.5mm, the hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel
The depth of groove is 1mm, and the depth of the oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel groove is 2mm.By to hydrogen plate, hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel ridge and cold
But liquid flow path groove carries out the design of above-mentioned preferred value, and coolant carries out equally distributed effect in coolant flow field and reached most
It is good, the temperature control effect in coolant flow field is reached best, it is ensured that without focus in whole coolant flow field, solve conventional flow
The insurmountable problem in road;Realize and metal double polar plates are more adequately and reasonably utilized and gas flowfield and cold simultaneously
But the adjustment and control between liquid flow field, it is ensured that coolant and gas are reasonably distributed in corresponding flow field, in liquid
Evenly, the air-tightness of import and export is good for the pressure that metallic plate is subject in body, the flow process of gas.
The linearity sector ridge of the linearity sector ridge of the hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel and the oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel contacts with each other, institute
The linearity sector ridge for stating the turn area ridge and the oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel of hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel is interlaced.Hydrogen plate coolant stream
Road is interconnected staggeredly with oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel, contributes to the flowing of coolant, it is ensured that cooling effect is evenly.
Beneficial effect:Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention:
1st, the gas flow design of present invention optimization metal double polar plates, can make metal double polar plates flow Field Design more various
Change;
2nd, three ply board structure is substituted using two-ply structure, it is cost-effective, simplify electric pile structure, lighting, more just
In the large-scale production and processing of bipolar plates;
3rd, hydrogen plate and oxygen plate have cooling liquid flowing channel, and the cooling uniformity effect for making pile more preferably, is more beneficial for pile
Temperature control, so as to improve performance and the life-span of pile;
4th, the cooling liquid flowing channel of hydrogen plate and oxygen plate is in convection type flow Field Design, the coolant of two-way flow is moistened formula by rapids
Being crossed more can fully carry out heat exchange;
5th, the coolant flow Field Design of convection type, more can guarantee that the air-tightness near gas inlet and outlet, it is to avoid due to gas
Interior outward leakage cause decline and the potential safety hazard of Performance data;
6th, under conditions of ensureing that gas is evenly distributed, by being stamped and formed out making gas and coolant distribution uniformly flow
, adjusted by the parameter of gas flowfield and controlled the parameter of coolant;Tradition is solved by YSY type coolant flow Field Designs
Runner can not solve coolant and be uniformly distributed fuel battery inside " focus " problem caused.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of oxygen plate;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of hydrogen plate;
Fig. 3 is the overall structure diagram of bipolar plates;
Fig. 4 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of bipolar plates;
Fig. 5 is that Fig. 4 rotates the structural representation after 180 degree.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below by accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1:The metal double polar plates with convection type coolant flow field as shown in accompanying drawing 1 to 5, by hydrogen plate and oxygen plate
Constitute.As shown in figure 1, oxygen plate oxidant inlet 1, oxygen plate cooling liquid inlet 2, oxygen plate fuel gas inlet 3 are provided with oxygen plate side,
In oxygen plate opposite side provided with oxygen plate fuel gas outlet 4, oxygen plate cooling liquid outlet 5, oxygen plate oxidant outlet 6, wherein oxygen plate is aoxidized
Agent import 1 and oxygen plate oxidant outlet 6 are diagonally positioned, and oxygen plate fuel gas inlet 3 is also in diagonally to set with oxygen plate fuel gas outlet 4
Put, oxygen plate cooling liquid inlet 3 is set in parallel with oxygen plate cooling liquid outlet 4.Cooled down at oxygen plate fuel gas inlet 3 provided with oxygen plate
Liquid flow channel entry point 91, oxygen plate fuel gas outlet 4 at provided with oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel outlet 92, oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel entrance 91
It is 1.5mm oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channels ridge 8, oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel that three width are provided between oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel outlet 92
The both sides of ridge 8 form depth and are 2mm, move towards S-type snakelike oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel groove 7, oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel ridge 8 and oxygen plate
The snakelike oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel of the formation of cooling liquid flowing channel groove 7 S types.
As shown in Fig. 2 being provided with hydrogen plate oxidant inlet 10, hydrogen plate cooling liquid inlet 11, hydrogen plate fuel gas in hydrogen plate side
Import 12, hydrogen plate opposite side provided with hydrogen plate fuel gas outlet 13, hydrogen plate cooling liquid outlet 14, hydrogen plate oxidant outlet 15, its
Middle hydrogen plate oxidant inlet 10 and hydrogen plate oxidant outlet 15 are diagonally positioned, and hydrogen plate fuel gas inlet 12 goes out with hydrogen plate fuel gas
Mouth 13 is also diagonally positioned, and hydrogen plate cooling liquid inlet 11 be arranged in parallel with hydrogen plate cooling liquid outlet 14.In hydrogen plate fuel gas inlet
Provided with hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel entrance 181, at hydrogen plate fuel gas outlet 13 provided with hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel outlet 182 at 12,
It is 1.5mm hydrogen plate coolants that three width are provided between hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel entrance 181 and hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel outlet 182
Runner ridge 17, the both sides of hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel ridge 17 form depth and are 1mm, move towards S-type snakelike hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel groove
16, hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel ridge 17 and hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel groove 16 form the snakelike hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel of S types.
Hydrogen plate and oxygen plate are welded with cooling down the relative superposition of liquid level as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, between hydrogen plate and oxygen plate
The hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel and oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel being centrosymmetric are formed, hydrogen plate cooling liquid inlet 11 enters with oxygen plate coolant
Mouth about 2 is overlapping and communicates with each other to form the cooling liquid inlet 20 of bipolar plates, and hydrogen plate cooling liquid outlet 14 goes out with oxygen plate coolant
Mouth about 4 is overlapping and communicates with each other to form the cooling liquid outlet 21 of twin-stage plate, and hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel entrance 181 is cooled down with oxygen plate
Liquid flow channel entry point 91 is located at the both sides of hydrogen plate cooling liquid inlet 11 or oxygen plate cooling liquid inlet 2, hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel outlet 182
92 both sides for being located at hydrogen plate cooling liquid outlet 14 or oxygen plate cooling liquid outlet 4 are exported with oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel;Hydrogen plate coolant
The linearity sector ridge of the linearity sector ridge of runner and oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel contacts with each other, the turn area ridge and oxygen of hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel
The linearity sector ridge of plate cooling liquid flowing channel is interlaced.
Coolant as shown in Figure 3 is entered the Y types runner one inside bipolar plates along porch by bipolar plates cooling liquid inlet 20
It is divided into two, one enters hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel groove 17 by hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel entrance 181, makees S types along serpentine flow path and enters
Row flowing, then flows into cooling liquid outlet 21 through hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel outlet 182;Another stock is by oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel entrance
91 enter oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel groove, are flowed along S type serpentine flow paths, are then flowed through bipolar plates cooling liquid flowing channel outlet 92
Go out to cooling liquid outlet 21, Y type runner of two bursts of coolants along exit unites two into one, finally flowed out by cooling liquid outlet 21 double
Pole plate.
As described above, although the present invention has been represented and described with reference to specific preferred embodiment, it must not be explained
For to the limitation of itself of the invention., can be right under the premise of the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claims are defined are not departed from
Various changes can be made in the form and details for it.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of metal double polar plates with convection type coolant flow field, including structure identical hydrogen plate and oxygen plate, its feature exist
In:The hydrogen plate and oxygen plate are stamped with cooling liquid inlet, cooling liquid outlet and move towards S-type snakelike cooling liquid flowing channel, cooling
Liquid import and cooling liquid outlet are located at the middle part of the hydrogen plate and oxygen plate both sides;Hydrogen plate and oxygen plate the cooling liquid level is relative to be superimposed
Welded, the hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel being centrosymmetric and oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel are formed between the hydrogen plate and oxygen plate;
The hydrogen plate is connected with the cooling liquid inlet of oxygen plate, and the hydrogen plate is connected with the cooling liquid outlet of oxygen plate, and coolant is from the hydrogen
The cooling liquid inlet of plate or oxygen plate enters, and hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel entrance and oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel entrance are flowed to respectively, is flowed through
After hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel, oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel, respectively from the outlet of hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel and the outlet of oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel
Flow out to the cooling liquid outlet of the hydrogen plate or oxygen plate;The cooling liquid inlet of the hydrogen plate and oxygen plate and the hydrogen plate coolant stream
Runner between road entrance, the oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel entrance is in Y types;The cooling liquid outlet of the hydrogen plate and oxygen plate with it is described
Runner between the outlet of hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel, oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel outlet is in Y types.
2. the metal double polar plates according to claim 1 with convection type coolant flow field, it is characterised in that:The hydrogen plate
Cooling liquid flowing channel and oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel are cold between at least three cooling liquid flowing channel ridges and cooling liquid flowing channel ridge respectively
But liquid flow path groove is constituted.
3. the metal double polar plates according to claim 2 with convection type coolant flow field, it is characterised in that:The hydrogen plate
Width with oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel ridge is 0.5-3mm, and the depth of the hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel groove is 0.3-2mm, described
The depth of oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel groove is 0.4-3mm.
4. the metal double polar plates according to claim 3 with convection type coolant flow field, it is characterised in that:The hydrogen plate
Width with oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel ridge is 1.5mm, and the depth of the hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel groove is 1mm, and the oxygen plate is cold
But the depth of liquid flow path groove is 2mm.
5. the metal double polar plates according to claim 1 with convection type coolant flow field, it is characterised in that:The hydrogen plate
The linearity sector ridge of the linearity sector ridge of cooling liquid flowing channel and the oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel contacts with each other, the hydrogen plate cooling liquid flowing channel
Turn area ridge and the oxygen plate cooling liquid flowing channel linearity sector ridge it is interlaced.
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Families Citing this family (4)
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CN107634240A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州中氢能源科技有限公司 | A kind of small fuel cell metal double polar plates |
CN107634239A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-01-26 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of bipolar plates for strengthening blade trailing cooling heat transfer water |
CN111370720A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-03 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Battery polar plate, bipolar plate structure and fuel battery with same |
CN115347211A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2022-11-15 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Cooling liquid flow field of fuel cell bipolar plate |
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CN101101993A (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2008-01-09 | 上海交通大学 | Proton exchange film fuel battery dual-pole board based on thin plate punching |
CN101183723A (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2008-05-21 | 上海交通大学 | Metal sheet profiled proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plate |
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