CN104898339B - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104898339B CN104898339B CN201510374476.6A CN201510374476A CN104898339B CN 104898339 B CN104898339 B CN 104898339B CN 201510374476 A CN201510374476 A CN 201510374476A CN 104898339 B CN104898339 B CN 104898339B
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 523
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 187
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 40
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012788 optical film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018199 S phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid crystal display device, comprising: an optical layer; the display liquid crystal box is positioned on the optical layer and comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and first liquid crystal molecules, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, the first liquid crystal molecules are arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, and an included angle between the polarizing axis of the optical layer and the arrangement direction of the first liquid crystal molecules is 45 degrees; the compensation liquid crystal box is positioned on one side, away from the first substrate, of the second substrate and comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate and second liquid crystal molecules, wherein the third substrate and the fourth substrate are arranged oppositely, the second liquid crystal molecules are arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, and the arrangement direction of the second liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first liquid crystal molecules; and the plane polarizer is positioned on one side of the fourth substrate, which deviates from the third substrate, the included angle between the polarizing axis of the plane polarizer and the arrangement direction of the second liquid crystal molecules is 45 degrees, and the polarizing axis of the plane polarizer is mutually vertical to the polarizing axis of the optical layer. The invention improves the contrast of the liquid crystal display device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to display technology fields, and in particular to a kind of liquid crystal display device.
Background technology
It is widely used in various electrical equipments with demand growth, liquid crystal display device with the development of display technology.Liquid
Crystal device has many advantages, such as small, light-weight.Available liquid crystal display device includes full-transparency type liquid crystal display device, semi-transparent
Type liquid crystal display device and reflection-type liquid-crystal display device.
Full-transparency type liquid crystal display device, as incident light, is formed polarised light after polaroid, passed through using back light
Compensate the phase difference that polaroid compensation shows polarised light in liquid crystal cell.It has a disadvantage in that, is difficult to see display clearly under extraneous strong light
Content, if compensation polaroid used in it has stopped production, the cost for developing new compensation polaroid is very high.And this benefit
The pattern of repaying cannot achieve liquid crystal temperature compensation, and in high/low temperature, contrast is poor.
Translucent liquid crystal display device can be used backlight or ambient light (natural light) and be used as its incident light source, indoors or room
It is capable of providing good display effect outside.The structure of existing translucent liquid crystal display device is that pixel region is set as transparent area
And echo area, upper down polaroid carry QWP and HWP optical films, design pattern is normal white mode.It has a disadvantage in that, optical film
Lead to high expensive, it is serious in the decaying of high/low temperature contrast.
It is normally-black mould that reflection-type liquid-crystal display device is used as its incident light source, display pattern using ambient light (natural light)
Formula, its display pattern is normal white mode after increasing QWP optical films.It has a disadvantage in that, cannot achieve temperature-compensating, when high/low temperature pair
It is poorer than degree, and compensate polaroid high expensive.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of liquid crystal display device, to solve problem of the prior art.
A kind of liquid crystal display device provided by the invention, including：
Optical layer；
Display liquid crystal cell in the optical layer, the display liquid crystal cell include the first substrate being oppositely arranged and
Two substrates, and the first liquid crystal molecule for being set between the first substrate and the second substrate, the optical layer it is inclined
The angle of optical axis and the arragement direction of first liquid crystal molecule is 45 °；
Positioned at compensation liquid crystal cell of the second substrate on the first substrate side, the compensation liquid crystal cell includes
The third substrate and tetrabasal being oppositely arranged, and the second liquid for being set between the third substrate and the tetrabasal
Brilliant molecule, the arragement direction of second liquid crystal molecule and the arragement direction of first liquid crystal molecule are mutually perpendicular to；
Positioned at face polaroid of the tetrabasal on third substrate side, the polarizing axis of the face polaroid
Angle with the arragement direction of second liquid crystal molecule is 45 °, and the polarizing axis of the face polaroid is inclined with the optical layer
Optical axis is mutually perpendicular to.
A kind of liquid crystal display device provided by the invention, including optical layer, display liquid crystal cell, display liquid crystal cell on be arranged
Compensation liquid crystal cell knead dough polaroid, wherein the liquid crystal of the compensation liquid crystal cell and show liquid crystal cell liquid crystalline phase it is same, arragement direction
Difference, the method being used cooperatively with compensation liquid crystal cell by showing liquid crystal cell, liquid crystal display device when by being not powered on and power up
Black state show/white state shows, improve displaying contrast for liquid crystal display device, while the heating function for compensating liquid crystal cell changes
The high/low temperature contrast of liquid crystal display device has been apt to it and has widened low-temperature working temperature, while has compensated liquid crystal cell and solving compensation partially
The problem of mating plate has stopped production, reduces cost, and liquid crystal display device provided by the invention solves problem of the prior art.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to do one simply to introduce, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Some bright embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with root
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 a are a kind of schematic diagrames of liquid crystal display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 1 b are the schematic diagrames of temperature-compensating liquid crystal display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 a are the schematic diagrames of another liquid crystal display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 b are the schematic diagrames of temperature-compensating liquid crystal display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 a are the schematic diagrames of another liquid crystal display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 b are the schematic diagrames of temperature-compensating liquid crystal display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 a are the schematic diagrames of another liquid crystal display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 b are the schematic diagrames of temperature-compensating liquid crystal display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention；.
Specific implementation mode
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, hereinafter with reference to attached in the embodiment of the present invention
Figure, technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described by embodiment, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Section Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Go out the every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
First embodiment of the invention provides a kind of liquid crystal display device, and the technical solution of the embodiment is suitable for improving liquid crystal
The case where contrast of display device.
It is a kind of schematic diagram of liquid crystal display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention with reference to shown in figure 1a.As shown, should
Liquid crystal display device includes：Optical layer 110；Display liquid crystal cell 120 in the optical layer 110, the display liquid crystal cell 120 packet
The first substrate 121 being oppositely arranged and second substrate 122 are included, and is set between first substrate 121 and second substrate 122
The angle of the arragement direction of first liquid crystal molecule 123, the polarizing axis of the optical layer 110 and the first liquid crystal molecule 123 is 45 °；Position
In compensation liquid crystal cell 130 of the second substrate 122 on 121 side of first substrate, which includes being oppositely arranged
Third substrate 131 and tetrabasal 132, and the second liquid crystal for being set between third substrate 131 and tetrabasal 132 point
Son 133, the arragement direction of second liquid crystal molecule 133 and the arragement direction of the first liquid crystal molecule 123 are mutually perpendicular to；Positioned at the 4th
Face polaroid 140 of the substrate 132 on 131 side of third substrate, the polarizing axis of face polaroid 140 and the second liquid crystal molecule
The angle of 133 arragement direction is 45 °, and the polarizing axis and the polarizing axis of optical layer 110 of the face polaroid 140 are mutually perpendicular to.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, with the angle of the polarizing axis of optical layer 110 for 45 °, the of display liquid crystal cell 120
The arragement direction of one liquid crystal molecule 123 is 0 °, and the arragement direction for compensating the second liquid crystal molecule 133 of liquid crystal cell 130 is 90 °, face
The angle of the polarizing axis of polaroid 140 is described for being 135 °.
As mentioned above, it is known that the imaging of liquid crystal display device must rely on polarised light, and incident light or natural light are typically
Without deflection polarity, therefore optical layer 110 needs to convert incident light into polarised light, in order to which liquid crystal display device is imaged.
It can thus be appreciated that optical layer 110 has polarizing axis, when incident light is by optical layer 110, optical layer 110 can make to shake in incident light
The dynamic direction light consistent with 110 polarisation axis direction of optical layer by and form polarised light, and make direction of vibration and light in incident light
It learns the vertical light of 110 polarizing axis of layer to be absorbed by optical layer 110, such optical layer 110 converts incident light into direction of vibration and fixes
And the polarised light consistent with its polarisation axis direction.
Display liquid crystal cell 120 is located in optical layer 110, thus the polarised light that is formed after optical layer 110 of incident light into
Enter to show that liquid crystal cell 120, display liquid crystal cell 120 include the first substrate 121 being oppositely arranged and second substrate 122 and setting
The first liquid crystal molecule 123 between first substrate 121 and second substrate 122, compensation liquid crystal cell 130 are located at display liquid crystal cell
On 120, which includes the third substrate 131 being oppositely arranged and tetrabasal 132 and is set to third
The second liquid crystal molecule 133 between substrate 131 and tetrabasal 132, so after polarised light is by showing that liquid crystal cell 120 is emitted,
Incidence compensation liquid crystal cell 130, then be emitted by face polaroid 140.In the case where being not added with electric field, display liquid crystal cell 120, compensation
The arragement direction of liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal cell 130 is constant, in the case where applying electric field, display liquid crystal cell 120, compensation liquid
The arragement direction of liquid crystal molecule in brilliant box 130 changes.Therefore it needs to separate in the present embodiment and discusses and apply electric field and not
Apply under electric field conditions, the operation principle of liquid crystal display device.
The case where for being not added with electric field.The arragement direction of the polarizing axis of known optical layer 110 and the first liquid crystal molecule 123
Angle is 45 °, and the direction of vibration of polarised light that is formed after optical layer 110 of incident light and 110 polarisation axis direction of optical layer
Unanimously, when therefore the polarised light that is formed after optical layer 110 of incident light enters display liquid crystal cell 120, the vibration of the polarised light
The angle of direction and the arragement direction of the first liquid crystal molecule 123 in display liquid crystal cell 120 is also in 45 °.
Polarised light as described above enters the arrangement side of its direction of vibration and the first liquid crystal molecule 123 after display liquid crystal cell 120
To in 45 ° of angles, the birefringence rule based on liquid crystal molecule can be according to liquid crystal into the polarised light in display liquid crystal cell 120
Birefringence rule is divided into that direction of vibration is orthogonal, spread speed is different, the two beam polarised lights of refractive index not etc., i.e. o light and e light,
In, the refractive index of o light is constant in communication process, and the refractive index of e light changes in communication process.Since o light and e light are being shown
Spread speed in liquid crystal cell 120 is different, therefore o light and e light generate phase difference in communication process, then when o light and e light are logical
When the second substrate 122 for crossing display liquid crystal cell 120 is emitted and is incident on compensation 130 lower surface of liquid crystal cell, deposited between o light and e light
In phase difference.
The phase difference of the o light that the light of different wave length λ is divided into and e light in showing liquid crystal cell 120 is different, such as wavelength X1About
Phase difference of the o light and e light that the green light of 550nm is divided into showing liquid crystal cell 120 is about λ1/ 2, such as wavelength X2About 470nm's
Phase difference of the o light and e light that blue light is divided into showing liquid crystal cell 120 is more than λ2/ 2, such as wavelength X3The about feux rouges of 600nm point
At phase difference in showing liquid crystal cell 120 of o light and e light be less than λ3/2.If at this time directly the second of display liquid crystal cell 120
The upper surface of substrate 122 sticks a piece of polaroid, and the polaroid polarizing axis is parallel with 110 polarizing axis of optical layer, then the o light of green light
With e light with λ1The outgoing of/2 phase differences shows liquid crystal cell 120 and incident polaroid, due to the polaroid polarizing axis and optical layer 110
Polarizing axis is parallel, therefore o light and e light are with λ1/ 2 phase differences are emitted polaroid, and correspond to blue and it is red when, due to its phase difference
Exceed or causes liquid crystal display device so light leakage can be caused when blue light and feux rouges outgoing polaroid less than the half of its wavelength
The non-ater of background color, and then cannot achieve ideal display effect.It follows that compensation is arranged on display liquid crystal cell 120
Liquid crystal cell 130, to compensate the phase difference of o light and e light.
In order to realize that ideal display effect, compensation liquid crystal cell 130 need to return the phase difference compensation of o light and e light
It goes.In order to which the o light and e light that allow green light, blue light, feux rouges to be divided into compensate phase difference in compensating liquid crystal cell 130, then setting is mended herein
Repay the arrangement of the arragement direction of the second liquid crystal molecule 133 and the first liquid crystal molecule 123 in display liquid crystal cell 120 in liquid crystal cell 130
Direction is vertical.
After o light and e light are emitted by the second substrate 122 of display liquid crystal cell 120 and are incident on compensation liquid crystal cell 130,
Since the arragement direction of the second liquid crystal molecule 133 is vertical with the arragement direction of the first liquid crystal molecule 123, then incident o light
Direction of vibration is converted to the direction of vibration vertical with its initial vibration direction i.e. incidence e by the effect of the second liquid crystal molecule 133
The direction of vibration of the direction of vibration of light, incident e light is converted to and its initial vibration side by the effect of the second liquid crystal molecule 133
It is the direction of vibration of incidence o light to vertical direction of vibration, it follows that after the compensation of overcompensation liquid crystal cell 130, it is incident
O light becomes e light, and incident e light becomes o light.Compensation liquid crystal cell 130 goes back the phase difference compensation of o light and e light, through overcompensation
After liquid crystal cell 130, green light, blue light, the o light of feux rouges and e light phase difference be 0, and its direction of vibration and optical layer 110
Polarisation axis direction is parallel.
For the light of other different wave lengths after showing liquid crystal cell 120, o light and e light generate phase difference, are incident on compensation herein
After liquid crystal cell 130, incident o light is become e light, incident e light is become o light by compensation liquid crystal cell 130, to compensate for phase
Difference, to make the phase difference of o light and e light be 0.More examples are not done herein.
It is inclined due to face polaroid 140 when o light and e the light outgoing for compensating liquid crystal cell 130 and after plane of incidence polaroid 140
The angle of the arragement direction of optical axis and the second liquid crystal molecule 133 is 45 °, and the polarizing axis of face polaroid 140 and optical layer 110
Polarizing axis is mutually perpendicular to, therefore the direction of vibration for the polarised light being emitted is vertical with the polarisation axis direction of face polaroid 140, does not thus have
There is light to appear, so the background color of liquid crystal display device is black, i.e., black state is shown, since liquid crystal display device is opaque at this time,
So black state display brightness is very low.
The case where for applying electric field.The first liquid crystal molecule 123 in display liquid crystal cell 120 can become under electric field action
Perpendicular to 121 surface of first substrate and arrangement is erect, then after polarised light incidence, the first liquid crystal molecule 123 is no longer to polarised light
There is phase delay effect, then when the polarised light for being parallel to 110 polarizing axis of optical layer is incident on the lower surface of compensation liquid crystal cell 130
Its direction of vibration is constant.
After being incident on compensation liquid crystal cell 130, the folder of the arragement direction of the direction of vibration of polarised light and the second liquid crystal molecule 133
Angle is 45 °, therefore the polarised light can be divided into according to the birefringence rule of liquid crystal that direction of vibration is orthogonal, spread speed is different, refraction
The two beam polarised lights that rate does not wait, i.e. o light and e light.The o light and e light generate phase difference in compensating liquid crystal cell 130, are with green light
Example, phase difference λ1/ 2, by taking blue light as an example, phase difference is more than λ2/ 2, by taking feux rouges as an example, phase difference is less than λ3/2.Polarised light shakes
90 ° of deflection occurs for dynamic direction, and the direction of vibration of the polarised light is consistent with the polarisation axis direction of face polaroid 140 at this time, and light is saturating
Go out, so the background color of liquid crystal display device is white, i.e., white state shows, since the light of liquid crystal display device at this time appears, so
White state display brightness is very high.
Based on the above technical solution, it is 45 ° with the angle of the polarizing axis of optical layer 110, display liquid crystal cell 120
The arragement direction for the second liquid crystal molecule 133 that the arragement direction of first liquid crystal molecule 123 is 0 °, compensates liquid crystal cell 130 is 90 °,
Based on the angle of the polarizing axis of face polaroid 140 is 135 °, by optical layer 110, display liquid crystal cell 120, compensation liquid crystal cell
130, face polaroid 140 rotates together with a certain angle, then the liquid crystal display device formed can also normally be shown.For example, by light
It learns layer 110, display liquid crystal cell 120, compensation liquid crystal cell 130, face polaroid 140 and rotates together with 30 °, then the polarisation of optical layer 110
The angle of axis is 15 °, shows that the arragement direction of the first liquid crystal molecule 123 of liquid crystal cell 120 is -30 °, compensates liquid crystal cell 130
The arragement direction of second liquid crystal molecule 133 is 60 °, the angle of the polarizing axis of face polaroid 140 is 105 °.The group of angle not of the same race
This is no longer going to repeat them for syntype, as long as ensureing simultaneously：The angle of the polarizing axis of optical layer 110 and display liquid crystal cell 120
The arragement direction of first liquid crystal molecule 123 is being in the angle of the polarizing axis of 45 °, optical layer 110 on the direction of optical layer 110
The angle of degree and the polarizing axis of face polaroid 140 is mutually perpendicular to, shows the arrangement side of the first liquid crystal molecule 123 of liquid crystal cell 120
The second liquid of liquid crystal cell 130 is mutually perpendicular to and compensated to the arragement direction of the second liquid crystal molecule 133 with compensation liquid crystal cell 130
The arragement direction of brilliant molecule 133 and the angle of the polarizing axis of face polaroid 140 are being in 45 ° on the direction of optical layer 110
.
The contrast of liquid crystal display device refers to the ratio of its black state display brightness and white state display brightness, which gets over
Greatly, such as black state display brightness is 1, white state display brightness is 254, then illustrates that the contrast of liquid crystal display device is higher, the ratio
Smaller, such as black state display brightness is 90, white state display brightness is 165, then illustrates that the contrast of liquid crystal display device is lower.This hair
A kind of liquid crystal display device that bright first embodiment provides, when being not added with electric field, light leakage, black state do not show bright liquid crystal display device
Very low, liquid crystal display device light transmission after applying an electric field is spent, white state display brightness is very high, so pair of liquid crystal display device
It is improved than degree.In addition available liquid crystal display device is positive display mode, and the invention belongs to bear display mode, i.e., white state is aobvious after added electric field
Show, therefore effectively increases the contrast of liquid crystal display device.
Based on the above technical solution, in order to improve comparison of the present embodiment liquid crystal display device in high/low temperature
Degree, the present embodiment also provide a kind of temperature-compensating liquid crystal display device, are temperature provided in an embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 1 b
Compensate the schematic diagram of liquid crystal display device.
Shown in Fig. 1 a on the basis of liquid crystal display device, the compensation liquid crystal cell 130 of liquid crystal display device further includes：It is located at
Third substrate 131 is close to the first transparent conductive film 151 of 133 side of the second liquid crystal molecule and positioned at tetrabasal 132 close to the
Second transparent conductive film 152 of two liquid crystal molecules, 133 side, the first end and the second electrically conducting transparent of the first transparent conductive film 151
The first end of film 152 is electrically connected.Compensating liquid crystal cell 130 further includes：Power supply 150, the anode and cathode of the power supply 150
It is connect respectively with the second end of the second end of the first transparent conductive film 151, the second transparent conductive film 152, and the power supply
150 work normally under the conditions of low temperature limit；When power supply 150 works normally, power supply 150 is to the first electrically conducting transparent
Film 151 and the second transparent conductive film 152 apply voltage.
As described above, when liquid crystal display device is in the limiting temperature of low temperature -30~-40 DEG C, liquid crystal display device opens
Dynamic power supply 150 works, at this time second end and second transparent conductive film of the power supply 150 to the first transparent conductive film 151
152 second end applies voltage, due to the first end of the first end and the second transparent conductive film 152 of the first transparent conductive film 151
Short circuit, therefore the first transparent conductive film 151 and the second transparent conductive film 152 generate heat under the effect of power supply 150, realize
Heating function, therefore the present embodiment will compensate liquid crystal cell 130 and be used as heater, start compensation liquid crystal cell in limit low temperature
130 are heated, and the background color of the liquid crystal display device effective compensation in high/low temperature is realized, and realize in high/low temperature it is high right
Degree of ratio.The present embodiment is compensated using liquid crystal temperature, and in high/low temperature, contrast changes greatly with liquid crystal display device in the prior art
It compares, is displayed contrast when effectively increasing high/low temperature, and the heating function for compensating liquid crystal cell 130 enables liquid crystal display device
It is applied under extremely cold environment.
A kind of liquid crystal display device provided in this embodiment, including optical layer 110, display liquid crystal cell 120, display liquid crystal
The 130 knead dough polaroid 140 of compensation liquid crystal cell being arranged on box 120, wherein the liquid crystal of the compensation liquid crystal cell 130 and display liquid crystal
The liquid crystalline phase of box 120 is same, and arragement direction is different, the method being used cooperatively with compensation liquid crystal cell 130 by showing liquid crystal cell 120,
When by being not powered on and power up the black state of liquid crystal display device show/white state shows, improve the display pair of liquid crystal display device
Degree of ratio.In addition, when compensation liquid crystal cell 130 further includes power supply 150, the first transparent conductive film 151 and the second transparent conductive film
When 152, the heating function of compensation liquid crystal cell 130 improves the high/low temperature contrast of liquid crystal display device and has widened low-temperature working
Temperature, while compensating liquid crystal cell 130 and solving the problems, such as that compensation polaroid has stopped production, cost is reduced, solves existing skill
The problem of art.
With reference to shown in figure 2a, for the schematic diagram of another liquid crystal display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Based on the above technical solution, the optional optical layer is polaroid, which is located at display liquid crystal cell 120
Bottom, and in order to corresponding with face polaroid 140, alternatively referred to as bottom polaroid 111, therefore the optional optical layer is bottom polaroid
111.Polaroid has fixed polarizing axis, and the natural light for not having deflection polarity can be made to generate polarization and be converted into polarised light.
When optical layer is bottom polaroid 111, incident light is chosen as backlight, and can be incident according to the different adjustment of backlight
Light color can also select the backlight of solid color, and the liquid crystal display device is full-transparency type liquid crystal display device, incident light at this time
Cannot be ambient light, then λ is the wavelength of backlight.Herein optional backlight be white light, which is because, white light polarised light
Phase difference of the o light and e light being divided into display liquid crystal cell 120 or compensation liquid crystal cell 130 is λ/2, wherein λ is wavelengths of white light.
As shown in Figure 2 a, which includes：Bottom polaroid 111；Display liquid on the bottom polaroid 111
Brilliant box 120, which includes the first substrate 121 being oppositely arranged and second substrate 122, and is set to first
The first liquid crystal molecule 123 between substrate 121 and second substrate 122, the polarizing axis of the bottom polaroid 111 and the first liquid crystal molecule
The angle of 123 arragement direction is 45 °；Deviate from the compensation liquid crystal cell 130 on 121 side of first substrate positioned at second substrate 122,
The compensation liquid crystal cell 130 includes the third substrate 131 being oppositely arranged and tetrabasal 132, and is set to 131 He of third substrate
The second liquid crystal molecule 133 between tetrabasal 132, the arragement direction of second liquid crystal molecule 133 and the first liquid crystal molecule 123
Arragement direction be mutually perpendicular to；Positioned at face polaroid 140 of the tetrabasal 132 on 131 side of third substrate, face polaroid
The angle of the arragement direction of 140 polarizing axis and the second liquid crystal molecule 133 is 45 °, and the polarizing axis of the face polaroid 140 and bottom are inclined
The polarizing axis of mating plate 111 is mutually perpendicular to.In the present embodiment, with the angle of the polarizing axis of bottom polaroid 111 for 45 °, liquid is shown
The arragement direction of first liquid crystal molecule 123 of brilliant box 120 is 0 °, compensates the arrangement side of the second liquid crystal molecule 133 of liquid crystal cell 130
To being 90 °, the angle of the polarizing axis of face polaroid 140 is described for being 135 °.In the present embodiment, liquid crystal cell 130 is compensated
Instead of compensation polaroid, solves the problems, such as compensation polaroid halt production, without developing new compensation polaroid.
As noted previously, as the phase of o light and e light that backlight is divided into display liquid crystal cell 120 or in compensating liquid crystal cell 130
Difference is λ/2, therefore optional, and the phase-delay quantity of second liquid crystal molecule 133 is λ/2 in setting compensation liquid crystal cell 130, and setting is aobvious
Show that the phase-delay quantity of the first liquid crystal molecule 123 in liquid crystal cell 120 is λ/2.It follows that o light and e in display liquid crystal cell 120
The phase difference of light is compensated for back by compensating liquid crystal cell 130.
Operation principle of the liquid crystal display device provided in this embodiment in no power is that backlight is by bottom polaroid 111
After form linearly polarized photon, the angle of the arragement direction of the linearly polarized light direction of vibration and the first liquid crystal molecule 123 is 45 °, because
This linearly polarized photon forms the o light and e light of equivalent, and o light and e the light difference of transmission speed in the first liquid crystal molecule 123 are led
Cause have phase difference between o light and e light.The phase of the phase-delay quantity of known first liquid crystal molecule 123 and the second liquid crystal molecule 133
Position retardation is λ/2, therefore compensates liquid crystal cell 130 and carry out phase compensation to o light and e light.Compensate the second liquid of liquid crystal cell 130
The arragement direction of brilliant molecule 133 is vertical with the display arragement direction of the first liquid crystal molecule 123 of liquid crystal cell 120, then shows liquid crystal
The polarised light o light and e light that box 120 transmits are exchanged through meeting o light e light when overcompensation liquid crystal cell 130, i.e., o light is converted to e light, e
Light is converted to o light, so phase difference is gone back by the compensation of compensation liquid crystal cell 130.When polarised light reaches tetrabasal 132, polarization
The direction of vibration of light is parallel with bottom polaroid 111.Face polaroid 140 is vertical with the polarizing axis of bottom polaroid 111, then non-light leakage,
Liquid crystal display device background color is ater, i.e., black state is shown, in extraneous strong light and indoor black dull, full-transparency type liquid crystal
Showing device is in the black state display pattern of ater when not powered.
Operation principle of the liquid crystal display cell provided in this embodiment when being powered is to show the first liquid in liquid crystal cell 120
The arragement direction of brilliant molecule 123 becomes perpendicular to 121 surface of first substrate and erects arrangement, then display liquid crystal cell 120 is no longer
There are phase delay, the direction of vibration of polarised light to reach compensation liquid to be parallel to the direction of 111 polarizing axis of bottom polaroid polarised light
The lower surface of the third substrate 131 of brilliant box 130, and direction of vibration is constant.Since the phase-delay quantity of the second liquid crystal molecule 133 is
The arragement direction angle of λ/2 and polarised light and the second liquid crystal molecule 133 is 45 °, therefore polarised light is divided into the o light and e of equivalent
Light, and in compensating liquid crystal cell 130 occur λ/2 phase delay.The phase difference of known green light is λ/2, and the phase difference of blue light is super
λ/2 are crossed, and the phase difference of feux rouges, less than λ/2, therefore after overcompensation liquid crystal cell 130, green light, blue light, the phase difference of feux rouges are equal
It is 0, and the direction of vibration of polarised light approximate can overturn 90 °, approximate parallel with face polaroid 140, then polarised light is all through face
The background color of polaroid 140, liquid crystal display device is white, i.e., white state is shown.Black dull in extraneous strong light and interior, this is complete
Transflective type liquid crystal display device is in the white state display pattern of white in power-up.
It is the operation principle of full-transparency type liquid crystal display device as described above, i.e., is ater in no power, black state is shown
Brightness is very low, is white when being powered, and white state display brightness is very high, therefore no matter under extraneous strong light or dark indoors
In the case of black, very excellent, contrast height is displayed contrast.
Based on the above technical solution, in order to improve comparison of the present embodiment liquid crystal display device in high/low temperature
Degree, the present embodiment also provide a kind of temperature-compensating liquid crystal display device, are temperature provided in an embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 2 b
Compensate the schematic diagram of liquid crystal display device.
Based on liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 2 a, the compensation liquid crystal cell 130 of the temperature-compensating liquid crystal display device further includes：
It is leaned on close to the first transparent conductive film 151 of 133 side of the second liquid crystal molecule and positioned at tetrabasal 132 positioned at third substrate 131
Second transparent conductive film 152 of nearly second liquid crystal molecule, 133 side, the first end of the first transparent conductive film 151 and second transparent
The first end of conductive film 152 is electrically connected.Compensating liquid crystal cell 130 further includes：Power supply 150, the power supply 150 anode and
Cathode is connect with the second end of the second end of the first transparent conductive film 151, the second transparent conductive film 152 respectively, and the power supply
Power supply 150 works normally under the conditions of low temperature limit；When power supply 150 works normally, power supply 150 to first is transparent
Conductive film 151 and the second transparent conductive film 152 apply voltage.Such the present embodiment realizes liquid crystal temperature compensation, can be -30
Improve contrast under~-40 extremely low temperature, i.e., at low temperatures, liquid crystal is heated, liquid crystal display dress has been improved
The high/low temperature contrast set has expanded low-temperature working temperature.
The present embodiment is used increases a compensation liquid crystal cell 130 on display liquid crystal cell 120, wherein the compensation liquid crystal cell
The liquid crystalline phase of 130 liquid crystal and display liquid crystal cell 120 is same, and phase-delay quantity setting is identical, and arragement direction is orthogonal.By showing liquid
The method that brilliant box 120 is used cooperatively with compensation liquid crystal cell 130, improves displaying contrast for liquid crystal display device, this external compensation
The heating function of liquid crystal cell 130 improves the high/low temperature contrast of liquid crystal display device and has widened low-temperature working temperature, solves
The problem of existing compensation polaroid stops production, without researching and developing new compensation polaroid, reduce cost.
It is the schematic diagram of another liquid crystal display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention with reference to shown in figure 3a.
The current liquid crystal display device is set as translucent liquid crystal display device, then translucent liquid crystal display device has
Transmission area and echo area, wherein transmission area are shown that the backlight is white light using the transmitted light of backlight, and echo area utilizes environment
The reflected light of light is shown.When in darker environment, translucent liquid crystal display device utilizes the transmitted light of backlight
It is shown, when in bright environment, translucent liquid crystal display device is shown using the reflected light of ambient light.
Shown in Fig. 1 a on the basis of technical solution, optional optical layer is bottom polaroid 111.When optical layer is bottom polaroid
When 111, if the brightness of backlight is better than the brightness of ambient light, incident light is chosen as backlight, and translucent liquid crystal display device is incident
When light is backlight, which must be white light, then lambda1-wavelength λ is corresponding wavelengths of white light.If the brightness of backlight is less than environment
The brightness of light, then incident light be chosen as ambient light, ambient light is natural light, and lambda1-wavelength λ is corresponding natural optical wavelength
Wavelength.It follows that the incident light of translucent liquid crystal display device is stronger light in backlight or ambient light.
As shown, the liquid crystal display device includes：Bottom polaroid 111；Display liquid crystal on the bottom polaroid 111
Box 120, which includes the first substrate 121 being oppositely arranged and second substrate 122, and is set to the first base
The first liquid crystal molecule 123 between plate 121 and second substrate 122, the polarizing axis of the bottom polaroid 111 and the first liquid crystal molecule
The angle of 123 arragement direction is 45 °；Deviate from the compensation liquid crystal cell 130 on 121 side of first substrate positioned at second substrate 122,
The compensation liquid crystal cell 130 includes the third substrate 131 being oppositely arranged and tetrabasal 132, and is set to 131 He of third substrate
The second liquid crystal molecule 133 between tetrabasal 132, the arragement direction of second liquid crystal molecule 133 and the first liquid crystal molecule 123
Arragement direction be mutually perpendicular to；Positioned at face polaroid 140 of the tetrabasal 132 on 131 side of third substrate, face polaroid
The angle of the arragement direction of 140 polarizing axis and the second liquid crystal molecule 133 is 45 °, and the polarizing axis of the face polaroid 140 and bottom are inclined
The polarizing axis of mating plate 111 is mutually perpendicular to.In the present embodiment, with the angle of the polarizing axis of bottom polaroid 111 for 45 °, liquid is shown
The arragement direction of first liquid crystal molecule 123 of brilliant box 120 is 0 °, compensates the arrangement side of the second liquid crystal molecule 133 of liquid crystal cell 130
To being 90 °, the angle of the polarizing axis of face polaroid 140 is described for being 135 °.With existing translucent liquid crystal display device
Structure compare, the present embodiment be not necessarily on 111 knead dough polaroid 140 of bottom polaroid attach QWP and HWP optical films, thus drop
Low production cost.
For the display liquid crystal cell 120 in translucent liquid crystal display device, first substrate 121 deviates from bottom polaroid 111 1
Include the multiple pixel regions marked off by the data line and scan line of a plurality of setting that intersects on side, pixel region includes saturating
Area 124, step layer 125 and the echo area 126 on step layer 125 are penetrated, i.e. translucent liquid crystal display device includes transmission
The operation principle of region and reflector space, regional transmission is similar with full-transparency type liquid crystal display device, the operation principle of reflector space
It is similar with reflection-type liquid-crystal display device.The liquid crystal molecule of regional transmission and reflector space is corresponded to, specifically the first liquid crystal molecule
123 include the second sub- liquid crystal molecule 128 positioned at the first sub- liquid crystal molecule 127 of transmission area 124 and positioned at echo area 126, the
The arragement direction of one sub- liquid crystal molecule 127 is identical as the arragement direction of the second sub- liquid crystal molecule 128.
It should be noted that when incident light is backlight, the transmission area 124 of translucent liquid crystal display device, which is realized, shows mould
Formula.For transmission area 124 and corresponding first sub- liquid crystal molecule 127, the first sub- liquid crystal molecule 127 in liquid crystal cell 120 is shown
Polarised light is set to generate phase difference, the second liquid crystal molecule 133 that transmission area 124 is corresponded in compensation liquid crystal cell 130 need to be to the polarised light
The phase difference of generation compensates, and is achieved in the mesh that translucent liquid crystal display device is shown using the transmitted light of backlight
, therefore the phase-delay quantity of the phase-delay quantity of the second liquid crystal molecule 133 and the first sub- liquid crystal molecule 127 is λ/2.Specifically
Ground, when polarised light incidence shows liquid crystal cell 120, the birefringence rule of the first sub- liquid crystal molecule 127 makes polarised light is divided into shake
Dynamic direction orthogonal o light and e light, o light and e light generate phase difference, are λ/2；Liquid crystal cell 130 is compensated to need to showing liquid crystal cell
Phase difference λ/2 of o light and e light compensate in 120, therefore the phase-delay quantity of the second liquid crystal molecule 133 and the first sub- liquid crystal
When the phase-delay quantity of molecule 127 is λ/2, it is poor to o light and e light phases in display liquid crystal cell 120 that compensation liquid crystal cell 130 is realized
Compensation, when polarised light is emitted compensation liquid crystal cell 130, the phase difference of polarised light is 0.
It should be noted that step layer 125 includes transition zone 1251 and metal layer 1252, wherein transition zone 1251 is close
The side of second sub- liquid crystal molecule 128 is provided with concaveconvex structure, and metal layer 1252 is located at the concaveconvex structure of transition zone 1251
On side, step layer 125 for so that echo area 126 the interval gap on 121 direction of first substrate be transmission area
124 in the half for being spaced gap on 121 direction of first substrate.
When incident light is natural light, display pattern is realized in the echo area 126 of translucent liquid crystal display device.For reflection
The phase-delay quantity of area 126 and corresponding second sub- liquid crystal molecule 128, the second liquid crystal molecule 133 is λ/2, the second sub- liquid crystal point
The phase-delay quantity of son 128 is λ/4, wherein λ is the wavelength of natural light.Since echo area 126 is located on step layer 125, and
The thickness of step layer 125 is to show the half of liquid crystal cell 120 box thickness, and show liquid crystal cell 120 and compensate in liquid crystal cell 130
For liquid crystal molecule in addition to arragement direction difference, remaining place is all identical, therefore shows that polarised light is divided into o light in liquid crystal cell 120
The phase difference generated with e light should be the half for the phase difference that o light and e light generate in compensating liquid crystal cell 130.It follows that aobvious
Show that the phase-delay quantity of the second sub- liquid crystal molecule 128 in liquid crystal cell 120 should be the second liquid crystal molecule 133 in compensation liquid crystal cell 130
Phase-delay quantity half.The phase-delay quantity of known second liquid crystal molecule 133 is λ/2, then the second sub- liquid crystal molecule 128
Phase-delay quantity be λ/4, show liquid crystal cell 120 in the phase difference of o light and e light be λ/4, compensate liquid crystal cell 130 in o light e light
It exchanges and phase difference is λ/2, phase difference is compensated after overcompensation liquid crystal cell 130.
Based on the above technical solution, optionally the material of transition zone 1251 is optic-solidified adhesive, which is because, light
The curing rate of solidification glue is controllable, is convenient for pipelining, and high without organic volatile, curing degree in the curing process, by
This is usually as bonding between transparency and between transparency and nontransparent object.
Operation principle of the liquid crystal display device provided in this embodiment in no power is, when incident light is backlight, passes through
The linearly polarized photon formed after bottom polaroid 111 forms o light and e light in transmission area 124 and has phase difference.Second liquid crystal point
The arragement direction of son 133 is vertical with the arragement direction of the first sub- liquid crystal molecule 127, then o light and e light are through overcompensation liquid crystal cell 130
When can o light e light exchange, phase difference by compensation liquid crystal cell 130 compensation go back.When polarised light is emitted tetrabasal 132, polarised light
Direction of vibration it is parallel with bottom polaroid 111.Face polaroid 140 is vertical with the polarizing axis of bottom polaroid 111, due to transmission area
124 be only a part of region for showing liquid crystal cell 120, and echo area 126 is only capable of reflecting natural light, therefore liquid crystal display fills
It is set to semi-transparent black morphotype formula.The arragement direction of the first liquid crystal molecule 123 becomes perpendicular to 121 surface of first substrate and erects when energization
Vertical arrangement, then display liquid crystal cell 120 no longer has phase delay, polarised light to be divided into compensating liquid crystal cell 130 polarised light
The o light and e light of amount, and phase delay occurs, the approximate 90 ° of overturnings of direction of vibration generation of polarised light are parallel with face polaroid 140,
Then for incident polarised light all through face polaroid 140, liquid crystal display device is white morphotype formula.
In conclusion operation principle of the liquid crystal display device provided in this embodiment in no power is that incident light is ring
When the light of border, the linearly polarized photon formed after echo area 126 is reflected is divided into o light and e light and has phase difference.Second liquid crystal point
The arragement direction of son 133 is vertical with the arragement direction of the second sub- liquid crystal molecule 128, then o light and e light are through overcompensation liquid crystal cell 130
When can o light e light exchange, phase difference by compensation liquid crystal cell 130 compensation go back.The polarizing axis of face polaroid 140 and bottom polaroid 111
Vertically, since echo area 126 is only a part of region for showing liquid crystal cell 120, transmission area 124 does not transmit natural light,
Therefore liquid crystal display device is semi-transparent black morphotype formula.The arragement direction of the first liquid crystal molecule 123 becomes perpendicular to first when energization
121 surface of substrate and setting arrangement, then display liquid crystal cell 120 no longer has phase delay to polarised light, polarised light is in compensation liquid
Be divided into the o light and e light of equivalent in brilliant box 130, and phase delay occur, the direction of vibration of polarised light occur approximate 90 ° of overturnings with
Face polaroid 140 is parallel, then for incident polarised light all through face polaroid 140, liquid crystal display device is white morphotype formula.
On the basis of said program, by face polaroid 140, compensation liquid crystal cell 130, display liquid crystal cell 120, bottom polaroid
111 all turn identical angle together, such as 45 °, and the liquid crystal display device after rotating can also realize that semi-transparency type liquid crystal display fills
The normal display set.In addition, translucent liquid crystal display device is in the case that black dull, using backlight as incident light, when power-up, shows
White morphotype formula, shows black morphotype formula when not powered, under extraneous strong light action, using ambient light as incident light, when power-up shows
White morphotype formula, shows black morphotype formula, improves its contrast when not powered.
Based on the above technical solution, in order to improve comparison of the present embodiment liquid crystal display device in high/low temperature
Degree, the present embodiment also provide a kind of temperature-compensating liquid crystal display device, are temperature provided in an embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 3b
Compensate the schematic diagram of liquid crystal display device.
Based on liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 3 a, the compensation liquid crystal cell 130 of the temperature-compensating liquid crystal display device further includes：
It is leaned on close to the first transparent conductive film 151 of 133 side of the second liquid crystal molecule and positioned at tetrabasal 132 positioned at third substrate 131
Second transparent conductive film 152 of nearly second liquid crystal molecule, 133 side, the first end of the first transparent conductive film 151 and second transparent
The first end of conductive film 152 is electrically connected.Compensating liquid crystal cell 130 further includes：Power supply 150, the power supply 150 anode and
Cathode is connect with the second end of the second end of the first transparent conductive film 151, the second transparent conductive film 152 respectively, and the power supply
Power supply 150 works normally under the conditions of low temperature limit；When power supply 150 works normally, power supply 150 to first is transparent
Conductive film 151 and the second transparent conductive film 152 apply voltage.Such the present embodiment realizes liquid crystal temperature compensation, can be -30
Improve contrast under~-40 extremely low temperature, i.e., at low temperatures, liquid crystal is heated, liquid crystal display dress has been improved
The high/low temperature contrast set has expanded low-temperature working temperature.
The embodiment of the present invention increases a compensation liquid crystal cell 130, and is arranged and shows the first sub- liquid crystal point in liquid crystal cell 120
The phase-delay quantity of the phase-delay quantity and the second sub- liquid crystal molecule 128 of son 127 is unequal, and the polarised light that backlight is formed is by saturating
Penetrate area 124 by compensation liquid crystal cell 130 compensate after phase difference be 0 and natural light formed polarised light by 126 quilt of echo area
It is 0 to compensate phase difference after liquid crystal cell 130 compensates, and the black morphotype formula of the translucent liquid crystal display device is improved with white morphotype formula
The effective compensation of liquid crystal, realizes high/low temperature when the heating function of its contrast, compensation liquid crystal cell 130 also achieves high/low temperature
High contrast avoids the case where contrast decays in the case of high/low temperature, and can be under the limiting temperature of low temperature -30~-40 DEG C just
It often works, expanded low-temperature working temperature.
It is the schematic diagram of another liquid crystal display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention with reference to shown in figure 4a.The present invention the
Four embodiments provide a kind of liquid crystal display device, and the technical solution of the embodiment is suitable for improving reflection-type liquid-crystal display device
The case where contrast.
The current liquid crystal display device is set as reflection-type liquid-crystal display device, the optional optical layer is reflecting layer 112.When
When optical layer is reflecting layer 112, reflecting layer 112 can reflect natural light, so that natural light is as liquid crystal display device
Incident light.
As shown, the liquid crystal display device includes：Reflecting layer 112；Display liquid crystal cell on the reflecting layer 112
120, which includes the first substrate 121 being oppositely arranged and second substrate 122, and is set to first substrate
The first liquid crystal molecule 123 between 121 and second substrate 122, the polarizing axis in the reflecting layer 112 and the first liquid crystal molecule 123
The angle of arragement direction is 45 °；Positioned at compensation liquid crystal cell 130 of the second substrate 122 on 121 side of first substrate, the benefit
It includes the third substrate 131 being oppositely arranged and tetrabasal 132 to repay liquid crystal cell 130, and is set to third substrate 131 and the 4th
The second liquid crystal molecule 133 between substrate 132, the row of the arragement direction of second liquid crystal molecule 133 and the first liquid crystal molecule 123
Cloth direction is mutually perpendicular to；Positioned at face polaroid 140 of the tetrabasal 132 on 131 side of third substrate, face polaroid 140
Polarizing axis and the angle of arragement direction of the second liquid crystal molecule 133 be 45 °, the polarizing axis of the face polaroid 140 and reflecting layer
112 polarizing axis is mutually perpendicular to.In the present embodiment, with the angle of the polarizing axis in reflecting layer 112 for 45 °, liquid crystal cell 120 is shown
The arragement direction of the first liquid crystal molecule 123 be 0 °, the arragement direction of the second liquid crystal molecule 133 for compensating liquid crystal cell 130 is
90 °, the angle of the polarizing axis of face polaroid 140 is described for being 135 °.Invention increases compensation liquid crystal cells 130, no
It needs by compensating polaroid progress phase compensation and QWP optical films need not be increased, therefore correspondingly reduces production cost.
The current liquid crystal display device is reflection-type liquid-crystal display device, and reflecting layer 112 can reflect natural light, with
Make incident light of the natural light as liquid crystal display device, therefore lambda1-wavelength λ is corresponding natural optical wavelength.Natural light is not
The incident light of solid color, but be generally made of multiple color light, if wavelength is λ1The o light that is divided into of green light and e light exist
Show that the phase difference in liquid crystal cell 120 is about λ1/ 2, wavelength X2Blue light phase difference be more than λ2/ 2, wavelength X3Feux rouges phase difference
Less than λ3/2。
As described above, reflected light, when being propagated in showing liquid crystal cell 120, the phase difference of different colours light is different, herein may be used
The phase-delay quantity of choosing the second liquid crystal molecule 133 of setting and the phase-delay quantity of the first liquid crystal molecule 123 are λ/4, then when
For reflected light after display liquid crystal cell 120 generates phase difference, compensation liquid crystal cell 130 will show the phase difference compensation one of liquid crystal cell 120
Part so that the direction of vibration of reflected light is parallel with the polarisation axis direction of face polaroid 140, and reflection-type liquid-crystal display device is shown
Normal white mode.
It should be noted that also the phase-delay quantity of optional first liquid crystal molecule 123 is λ/4, the second liquid crystal molecule herein
133 phase-delay quantity is λ/2, wherein λ is the wavelength of natural light so that phase difference of the reflected light in showing liquid crystal cell 120
For λ/4, after the compensation accordingly through overcompensation liquid crystal cell 130, phase difference 0, direction of vibration and the face polaroid of reflected light
140 polarisation axis direction is vertical, and reflection-type liquid-crystal display device shows normally black mode.
For reflecting layer 112, specifically, which includes：Transition zone 113 and metal layer 114.Wherein, it is located at the
One substrate 121 deviates from the transition zone 113 of 122 side of second substrate, has concaveconvex structure away from the side of first substrate 121；
Metal layer 114 is located on the concaveconvex structure side of transition zone 113.The principle and structure in reflecting layer 112 similarly to the prior art,
This is not repeated.Optionally the material of transition zone 113 is optic-solidified adhesive.
In conclusion operation principle of the reflection-type liquid-crystal display device provided in this embodiment in no power is, it is incident
When light is ambient light, the reflected light formed after echo area is reflected is divided into o light and e light and has phase difference.Second liquid crystal point
Son 133 phase-delay quantity be λ/4, the first liquid crystal molecule 123 phase-delay quantity be λ/4, then o light and e light are through overcompensation liquid
Meeting o light e light exchanges when brilliant box 130, and compensation liquid crystal cell 130 compensates the phase difference of λ/4, therefore liquid crystal display device is white morphotype
Formula.Alternatively, the phase-delay quantity of the second liquid crystal molecule 133 be λ/2, the first liquid crystal molecule 123 phase-delay quantity be λ/4, then o
Light and e light are exchanged through meeting o light e light when overcompensation liquid crystal cell 130, and compensation liquid crystal cell 130 goes back phase difference compensation, therefore liquid crystal
Display device is black morphotype formula.
The arragement direction of the first liquid crystal molecule 123 becomes perpendicular to 121 surface of first substrate and erects arrangement when energization, that
Display liquid crystal cell 120 no longer has phase delay, polarised light to be divided into the o light and e of equivalent in compensating liquid crystal cell 130 polarised light
Light, and phase delay occurs.When the phase-delay quantity of the second liquid crystal molecule 133 is λ/2, phase difference is λ/2, and polarised light shakes
Dynamic direction generation 90 ° of overturnings of approximation are parallel with face polaroid 140, then incident polarised light is all through face polaroid 140, liquid crystal
Display device is white morphotype formula.When the phase-delay quantity of the second liquid crystal molecule 133 is λ/4, phase difference is λ/4, polarised light
Direction of vibration is vertical with face polaroid 140, then reflected light does not appear face polaroid 140, and liquid crystal display device is black morphotype formula.
On the basis of said program, by face polaroid 140, compensation liquid crystal cell 130, display liquid crystal cell 120, bottom polaroid
111 all turn identical angle together, such as 45 °, and the liquid crystal display device after rotating can also realize that semi-transparency type liquid crystal display fills
The normal display set.In addition, the comparison of the black morphotype formula and white morphotype formula of reflection-type liquid-crystal display device is also improved and is improved
The contrast of reflection-type liquid-crystal display device.
Based on the above technical solution, in order to improve comparison of the present embodiment liquid crystal display device in high/low temperature
Degree, the present embodiment also provide a kind of temperature-compensating liquid crystal display device, are temperature provided in an embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 4 b
Compensate the schematic diagram of liquid crystal display device.
Based on liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 4 a, the compensation liquid crystal cell 130 of the temperature-compensating liquid crystal display device further includes：
It is leaned on close to the first transparent conductive film 151 of 133 side of the second liquid crystal molecule and positioned at tetrabasal 132 positioned at third substrate 131
Second transparent conductive film 152 of nearly second liquid crystal molecule, 133 side, the first end of the first transparent conductive film 151 and second transparent
The first end of conductive film 152 is electrically connected.Compensating liquid crystal cell 130 further includes：Power supply 150, the power supply 150 anode and
Cathode is connect with the second end of the second end of the first transparent conductive film 151, the second transparent conductive film 152 respectively, and the power supply
Power supply 150 works normally under the conditions of low temperature limit；When power supply 150 works normally, power supply 150 to first is transparent
Conductive film 151 and the second transparent conductive film 152 apply voltage.Such the present embodiment realizes liquid crystal temperature compensation, can be -30
Improve contrast under~-40 extremely low temperature, i.e., at low temperatures, liquid crystal is heated, liquid crystal display dress has been improved
The high/low temperature contrast set has expanded low-temperature working temperature.
It should be noted that if second when being provided with step layer in the display liquid crystal cell 120 of reflection-type liquid-crystal display device
The phase-delay quantity of liquid crystal molecule 133 be λ/2, the first liquid crystal molecule 123 phase-delay quantity be λ/4；It also can be by compensation box more
It is changed to λ/2 and realizes normally black mode.
Reflection-type liquid-crystal display device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by increasing by 133 arragement direction of the second liquid crystal molecule
The compensation liquid crystal cell 130 orthogonal with display liquid crystal cell 120 first liquid crystal molecule, 123 arragement directions, and the second liquid crystal molecule 133
Phase-delay quantity is identical as the phase-delay quantity of the first liquid crystal molecule 123, is λ/2.Reflected light after face polaroid 140 by realizing
It is not powered on white mode often.The present invention provides the contrasts of liquid crystal display device, improve contrast when high/low temperature, expand
Low-temperature working temperature.
Note that above are only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and institute's application technology principle.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that
The present invention is not limited to specific embodiments described here, can carry out for a person skilled in the art it is various it is apparent variation,
It readjusts and substitutes without departing from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although being carried out to the present invention by above example
It is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited only to above example, without departing from the inventive concept, also
May include other more equivalent embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is determined by scope of the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of liquid crystal display device, which is characterized in that including：
Optical layer；
Display liquid crystal cell in the optical layer, the display liquid crystal cell includes the first substrate being oppositely arranged and the second base
Plate, and multiple first liquid crystal molecules for being set between the first substrate and the second substrate, the multiple first liquid
The arragement direction of brilliant molecule and the angle of the polarizing axis of the optical layer are 45 °；
Positioned at compensation liquid crystal cell of the second substrate on the first substrate side, the compensation liquid crystal cell includes opposite
The third substrate and tetrabasal of setting, and multiple second liquid for being set between the third substrate and the tetrabasal
Brilliant molecule, the arragement direction of the multiple second liquid crystal molecule and the arragement direction of the multiple first liquid crystal molecule mutually hang down
Directly；
Positioned at face polaroid of the tetrabasal on third substrate side, the row of the multiple second liquid crystal molecule
Cloth direction and the angle of the polarizing axis of the face polaroid are 45 °, polarizing axis and the optical layer of the face polaroid
Polarizing axis is mutually perpendicular to.
2. liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the optical layer is bottom polaroid.
3. liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the phase-delay quantity of second liquid crystal molecule
Phase-delay quantity with first liquid crystal molecule is λ/2, wherein the λ is the wavelength of incident light.
4. liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the first substrate deviates from the bottom polaroid
Include the multiple pixel regions marked off by the data line and scan line of a plurality of setting that intersects, the pixel region on side
Including transmission area, step layer and the echo area on the step layer.
5. liquid crystal display device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that first liquid crystal molecule includes positioned at described
First sub- liquid crystal molecule of transmission area and the second sub- liquid crystal molecule positioned at the echo area, the row of the first sub- liquid crystal molecule
Cloth direction is identical as the arragement direction of the described second sub- liquid crystal molecule.
6. liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the phase-delay quantity of second liquid crystal molecule
Phase-delay quantity with the described first sub- liquid crystal molecule is λ/2, and the phase-delay quantity of the second sub- liquid crystal molecule is λ/4,
Wherein, the λ is the wavelength of natural light or white light.
7. liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the step layer includes transition zone and metal
Layer, wherein the transition zone is provided with concaveconvex structure, and the metal layer position close to the side of the described second sub- liquid crystal molecule
In on the concaveconvex structure side of the transition zone, the step layer is for making the echo area perpendicular to described first
Interval gap on orientation substrate is half of the transmission area in the interval gap on the first substrate direction.
8. liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the optical layer is reflecting layer.
9. liquid crystal display device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the phase-delay quantity of second liquid crystal molecule
Phase-delay quantity with first liquid crystal molecule is λ/4；Alternatively, the phase-delay quantity of first liquid crystal molecule is λ/4,
The phase-delay quantity of second liquid crystal molecule is λ/2, wherein the λ is the wavelength of natural light.
10. liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the reflecting layer includes：
Deviate from the transition zone of the second substrate side positioned at the first substrate, the transition zone is away from the first substrate
Side has concaveconvex structure；
Metal layer on the concaveconvex structure side of the transition zone.
11. the liquid crystal display device according to claim 7 or 10, which is characterized in that the material of the transition zone is solid for light
Change glue.
12. according to claim 1-10 any one of them liquid crystal display devices, which is characterized in that the compensation liquid crystal cell also wraps
It includes：Close to the first transparent conductive film of second liquid crystal molecule side and it is located at the tetrabasal positioned at the third substrate
The second transparent conductive film close to second liquid crystal molecule side, the first end of first transparent conductive film and described second
The first end of transparent conductive film is electrically connected.
13. liquid crystal display device according to claim 12, which is characterized in that the compensation liquid crystal cell further includes：Power supply
Power supply, the power supply anode and cathode respectively with the second end of first transparent conductive film, second electrically conducting transparent
The second end of film connects, and the power supply works normally under the conditions of low temperature limit；
When the power supply works normally, the power supply transparent is led to first transparent conductive film and described second
Electrolemma applies voltage.
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| WO2018096569A1 (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2018-05-31 | パナソニック液晶ディスプレイ株式会社 | Liquid crystal display device |
| JP7035310B2 (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2022-03-15 | Dic株式会社 | Liquid crystal electro-optic element |
| CN107678218A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-02-09 | 麒麟电子（深圳）有限公司 | Liquid crystal display panel, vertically aligned liquid crystal display device and preparation method thereof |
| CN111987239B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-06-10 | 湖北长江新型显示产业创新中心有限公司 | Flexible display panel and display device |
| CN112099270A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Horizontal electric field type display panel and display device |
| CN113945950B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-10-31 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Electronic equipment and depth detection device |
| CN115480424A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2022-12-16 | 厦门天马微电子有限公司 | Display module and display device |
| CN115542606B (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2024-10-01 | 合肥京东方光电科技有限公司 | Display module and display device |
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