CN104897616A - Method and system for measuring multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of sample of any shape - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of sample of any shape Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for measuring a multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of a sample of any shape. The system comprises a spherical bracket, a sample bracket, a light source array unit, a projector array unit, an imaging spectrometer array unit and a central control server. The method comprises the following steps: projecting a Gray code image to a to-be-measured sample by virtue of the projector array unit; projecting collimated light beams in different directions to the to-be-measured sample by virtue of the light source array unit; acquiring a multispectral image of the to-be-measured sample by virtue of the imaging spectrometer array unit; processing the Gray code image on the surface of the to-be-measured sample by virtue of the central control server, thereby obtaining the three-dimensional coordinate and normal of each sampling point on the to-be-measured sample; and processing the multispectral image under the illumination condition in different directions, thereby obtaining the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of the to-be-measured sample. According to the method and the system disclosed by the invention, the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function data of the to-be-measured sample of any shape can be measured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical gauge, specifically a kind of multispectral BRDF Measure System and method.
Background technology
Bidirectional reflectance distribution function (Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function is called for short BRDF) refers to the spectral radiance dL of the micro-bin of body surface along outgoing
r(unit is W/ (m
2sr μm)) with the spectral irradiance dE inciding measured surface along incident direction
i(unit is W/ (m
2μm)) ratio, as shown in Figure 1, its formula is expressed as follows:
In formula, θ i and φ i represents zenith angle and the position angle of incident direction respectively, and θ r and φ r represents zenith angle and the position angle of reflection direction respectively, and lambda1-wavelength is λ.Bidirectional reflectance distribution function is a function with five dimensions.
Usually, measure bidirectional reflectance distribution function with omnidirectional's reflectance meter, it comprises light source, sample clamping device, detector and precision corner device.The Wei Qingnong of Anbui Optical Machinery Inst., Chinese Academy of Sciences etc. establish a set of full-automatic bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function measuring system, can measure the polarization BRDF under nearly all angle in half spherical space.The measuring system that the Jin Xifeng of Changchun Inst. of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences etc. complete can realize the measurement to bidirectional reflectance distribution function equally.The research unit of other omnidirectional's reflectance meters domestic mainly comprises Harbin Institute of Technology, Xian Electronics Science and Technology University and BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics etc.These omnidirectional's reflectance meters are mainly used in studying the relation of the scattering properties of typical material and itself and material optical characteristics.Most of this kind of omnidirectionals reflectance meter uses LASER Light Source, can only obtain the measured value of several discrete wavelength scattered lights; This quasi-instrument of minority can measure wide range bidirectional reflectance distribution function by using wide spectrum light source and spectrophotometer.But this kind of omnidirectional reflectance meter can only measure special planar sample, can not measure arbitrary shape curved surface sample.
Method based on image-forming principle can be used for measuring arbitrary shape curved surface sample.In prior art, point of fixity light source can be adopted, from some positions of demarcating in advance and angle, multiple photos be have taken to same object by a mobile ccd video camera, when known object geometry data, obtained the bidirectional reflectance distribution function of the curved face object with even material by inverse rendering algorithm; A pivoted arm can also be utilized to turn light source at a plane internal rotation, and being taken pictures to spherical sample by a fixing camera realizes the measurement of bidirectional reflectance distribution function; By non-isotropic material is cut into bar samples by different surfaces grain direction, and these bar samples can also be pasted onto on a cylinder successively, achieve measurement non-isotropy object 4 being tieed up to bidirectional reflectance distribution function.The Spherical Gantry of Stanford University comprises two rotatable mechanical arms to change light source and the camera position relative to sample.The polyphaser multiple light courcess array measurement system that the Ma Zongquan of BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics etc. set up can be measured the bidirectional reflectance distribution function of the even material of arbitrary shaped body.The advantage of this method is that measurement efficiency is high, and can measure the sample of arbitrary shape, shortcoming is the data acquisition only supported on RGB Color Channel, and spectral resolution is not high.This kind of measuring table often needs and a three-dimensional reconstruction system cooperating simultaneously, to obtain the normal data of the sampled point of arbitrary shape sample surfaces, causes measuring efficiency lower.
To sum up, current existing BRDF Measure System mostly can only the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of measurement plane sample or the bidirectional reflectance distribution function of arbitrary shape sample on RGB tri-passages.There is no the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function surveying instrument can measuring arbitrary shape sample.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of the sample how measuring arbitrary shape.
For this purpose, the present invention proposes a kind of multispectral BRDF Measure System and the method that can measure the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of arbitrary shape sample.
The invention provides a kind of multispectral BRDF Measure System, comprising:
Beaded support, for fixed L ED collimated light source, imaging spectrometer and projector;
Sample holder, is arranged at the center of described beaded support, for carrying testing sample;
Array of source unit, comprise multiple described LED collimation light source, multiple described LED collimation light source is uniformly distributed on described beaded support, and the optical axis of each described LED collimation light source points to the center of described beaded support, described array of source unit is used for from different directions to described testing sample projection collimated light beam;
Array of rear-projectors unit, comprise multiple described projector, multiple described projector is uniformly distributed on described beaded support, and the optical axis of each described projector points to the center of described beaded support, and described array of rear-projectors unit is used for described testing sample surface projection gray code map picture;
Imaging spectrometer array element, comprise multiple described imaging spectrometer, multiple described imaging spectrometer is uniformly distributed on described beaded support, and the optical axis of each described imaging spectrometer points to the center of described beaded support, described imaging spectrometer array element for gather described testing sample by described projector projects gray code map as time or described LED collimation light source irradiation time sample image;
Central control server, for sending control signals to described array of source unit, described imaging spectrometer array element and described array of rear-projectors unit, and according to the sample image that described imaging spectrometer array element gathers, calculate the three-dimensional coordinate of each sampled point, the normal of corresponding sampled point is calculated, the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of all sampled points on testing sample according to each three-dimensional coordinate and corresponding method line computation according to described three-dimensional coordinate.
Alternatively, described array of rear-projectors unit also comprises projection Control Server, described projection Control Server for receiving described synchro measure signal, and exports one group of gray code map picture to described projector, and each described projector projects described gray code map picture successively to described testing sample;
Described imaging spectrometer array element also comprises spectrometer Control Server, and described spectrometer Control Server is used for sending synchronous triggering signal, to make described imaging spectrometer synchronous acquisition sample image to all described imaging spectrometers;
Described center-control takes device, also for sending synchro measure signal to described projection Control Server and described spectrometer Control Server,
For each pixel in described sample image generates the coding (c, p, g) about imaging spectrometer, projector and gray code map picture, wherein c is the numbering of imaging spectrometer, and p is the numbering of projector, and g is Gray code corresponding to described pixel,
Determine the picture planimetric coordinates set (x of the same sampled point that different sample images is corresponding
1, y
1), (x
2, y
2) ..., (x
m, y
m), wherein, m is the imaging spectrometer quantity can observing this sampled point,
According to the internal reference of the CCD camera of described imaging spectrometer and the picture planimetric coordinates set of outer ginseng and described sampled point, determine the corresponding different described sample image reflection direction set of vectors of described sampled point
Calculate the intersection point of described reflection direction set of vectors, the coordinate of described intersection point is the three-dimensional coordinate of described sampled point;
Described central control server, also calculates the normal of described sampled point for the set of the three-dimensional coordinate according to described sampled point,
By the pixel coder of each described sampled point, be kept in a data structure as planimetric coordinates set, reflection direction set of vectors, three-dimensional coordinate and normal.
Alternatively, described imaging spectrometer array element also comprises image acquisition isochronous controller;
Described array of source unit also comprises light source control server;
Described multispectral BRDF Measure System also comprises:
Wherein, described central control server, also for sending light source control signal to described light source control server,
Described light source control server, for controlling LED collimation light source described in switch one by one according to described light source control signal;
Described central control server, sends image cube collection signal to described image acquisition isochronous controller time also for opening a LED collimation light source at every turn;
Described image acquisition isochronous controller, for according to described image cube collection signal, sends the synchronous triggering signal gathered under N number of wavelength, and N number of sample image is synthesized an image cube to described imaging spectrometer,
Described central control server, also for generating coding (c, l) for each pixel in each image cube, wherein c is the numbering of imaging spectrometer, and l is the numbering of LED collimation light source,
Retrieve described data structure according to the pixel coordinate of image cube, obtain the pixel coder corresponding to coordinate of each pixel, reflection direction set of vectors, three-dimensional coordinate and normal; And according to the numbering of described LED collimation light source and three-dimensional coordinate, determine the incident direction vector of the sampled point corresponding to described pixel, according to described incident direction vector, normal and reflection direction vector, calculate the zenith angle of the incident direction of described sampled point and the zenith angle of position angle and reflection direction and position angle
Adopt relative measurement, the figure image space cube pixel value of standard of comparison sample and described testing sample, determines the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of all sampled points on described testing sample.
Alternatively, described imaging spectrometer comprises adjustable filter;
Alternatively, described imaging spectrometer array element, when opening each described LED collimation light source one by one, obtain the reflected image of described LED collimation light source on the minute surface spheroid of a known form and size, according to the incidence reflection relation of the minute surface spheroid that described sample holder is arranged and the internal reference of described imaging spectrometer and outer ginseng, determine the three-dimensional coordinate of described each LED collimation light source.
The present invention also provides a kind of and adopts above-mentioned multispectral BRDF Measure System to carry out the method measured, and comprising:
S1, determines three-dimensional coordinate and the normal of the described sampled point on described testing sample surface;
S2, according to described three-dimensional coordinate and normal, measures the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function data of each described sampled point in testing sample surface.
Alternatively, described step S1 comprises:
S101, described center-control takes device and sends synchro measure signal to described projection Control Server and described spectrometer Control Server;
S102, described projection Control Server receives described synchro measure signal, exports one group of gray code map picture to described projector, and each described projector projects described gray code map picture successively to described testing sample;
S103, described spectrometer Control Server sends synchronous triggering signal to all described imaging spectrometers, is cast the sample image of described gray code map picture to make described imaging spectrometer collection;
S104, for each pixel in described sample image generates the coding (c, p, g) about imaging spectrometer, projector and gray code map picture, wherein c is the numbering of imaging spectrometer, and p is the numbering of projector, and g is Gray code corresponding to described pixel;
S105, determines the picture planimetric coordinates set (x of the same sampled point that different described sample images is corresponding
1, y
1), (x
2, y
2) ..., (x
m, y
m), wherein, m is the quantity of the imaging spectrometer can observing this sampled point;
S106, according to the internal reference of the CCD camera of described imaging spectrometer and the picture planimetric coordinates set of outer ginseng and described sampled point, determines the reflection direction set of vectors of the corresponding different described sample image of described sampled point
S107, calculates the intersection point of described reflection direction set of vectors, and the coordinate of described intersection point is the three-dimensional coordinate of described sampled point;
S108, calculates the normal of described sampled point according to the set of the three-dimensional coordinate of described sampled point;
S109, by the described pixel coder of each described sampled point, is kept in a data structure as planimetric coordinates set, reflection direction set of vectors, three-dimensional coordinate and normal.
Alternatively, described step S2 comprises:
S201, described central control server sends light source control signal to described light source control server;
S202, described light source control server controls LED collimation light source described in switch one by one according to described light source control signal;
S203, when opening a LED collimation light source, described central control server sends image cube collection signal to described image acquisition isochronous controller at every turn,
Described image acquisition isochronous controller, according to described image cube collection signal, sends the synchronous triggering signal gathered under N number of wavelength to described imaging spectrometer;
N number of sample image is synthesized an image cube by described image acquisition isochronous controller;
S204, for each pixel in each image cube generates coding (c, l), wherein c is the numbering of imaging spectrometer, and l is the numbering of LED collimation light source;
S205, retrieves described data structure according to the pixel coordinate of image cube, obtains the pixel coder corresponding to each pixel coordinate, reflection direction set of vectors, three-dimensional coordinate and normal;
According to numbering and the three-dimensional coordinate of described LED collimation light source, determine the incident direction vector of the sampled point corresponding to described pixel, according to described incident direction vector, normal and reflection direction vector, calculate the zenith angle of the incident direction of described sampled point and the zenith angle of position angle and reflection direction and position angle;
S206, adopt relative measurement, the figure image space cube pixel value of standard of comparison sample and described testing sample, determines the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of all sampled points on described testing sample.
Alternatively, described step S205 comprises:
S2051, when opening each described LED collimation light source one by one, described imaging spectrometer array element obtains the reflected image image of described LED collimation light source in a known form and size minute surface spheroid, according to the incidence reflection relation of the minute surface spheroid that described sample holder is arranged and the internal reference of described imaging spectrometer and outer ginseng, determine the three-dimensional coordinate of described each LED collimation light source.
Multispectral BRDF Measure System disclosed in this invention comprises beaded support, sample holder, array of source unit, array of rear-projectors unit, imaging spectrometer array element and central control server, by array of rear-projectors unit to testing sample projection gray code map picture, then array of source unit is to the collimated light beam of testing sample projection different directions, imaging spectrometer array element gathers the multispectral image of testing sample, central control server obtains three-dimensional coordinate and the normal of each sampled point on testing sample by the gray code map picture on process testing sample surface, the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of testing sample is obtained by the multispectral image under process different directions illumination condition, the present invention can measure the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function data of arbitrary shape testing sample.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Can understanding the features and advantages of the present invention clearly by reference to accompanying drawing, accompanying drawing is schematic and should not be construed as and carry out any restriction to the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows the system architecture schematic diagram of one of them embodiment of multispectral BRDF Measure System of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the array of source schematic diagram of one of them embodiment of multispectral BRDF Measure System of the present invention;
Fig. 3 shows the LED collimation light source schematic diagram of one of them embodiment of multispectral BRDF Measure System of the present invention;
Fig. 4 shows the imaging spectrometer array element schematic diagram of one of them embodiment of multispectral BRDF Measure System of the present invention;
Fig. 5 shows the imaging spectrometer structural representation of one of them embodiment of multispectral BRDF Measure System of the present invention;
Fig. 6 shows the array of rear-projectors cell schematics of one of them embodiment of multispectral BRDF Measure System of the present invention;
Fig. 7 shows one of them schematic flow sheet of one of them embodiment of multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function measuring method of the present invention;
Fig. 8 shows one of them schematic flow sheet of one of them embodiment of multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function measuring method of the present invention;
Fig. 9 shows one of them schematic flow sheet of one of them embodiment of multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function measuring method of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to more clearly understand above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described in detail.It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the feature in the embodiment of the application and embodiment can combine mutually.
Set forth a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understand the present invention; but; the present invention can also adopt other to be different from other modes described here and implement, and therefore, protection scope of the present invention is not by the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
The invention provides a kind of multispectral BRDF Measure System, as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
Beaded support 4, for fixed L ED collimated light source, spectrometer and projector;
Sample holder 5, is arranged at the center of beaded support 4, for carrying testing sample;
Array of source unit 1, as shown in Figure 2, comprise multiple LED collimation light source 11, multiple LED collimation light source 11 is uniformly distributed on beaded support 4, and the optical axis of each LED collimation light source 11 points to the center of beaded support 4, array of source unit 1 is for projecting collimated light beam to testing sample from different directions.
Array of rear-projectors unit 3, as shown in Figure 6, comprise multiple projector 31, multiple projector 31 is uniformly distributed on beaded support 4, and the optical axis of each projector 31 points to the center of beaded support 4, array of rear-projectors unit 3 is for projecting gray code map picture to testing sample surface.
Imaging spectrometer array element 2, as shown in Figure 4, comprise multiple imaging spectrometer 21, multiple imaging spectrometer 21 is uniformly distributed on beaded support 4, and the optical axis of each imaging spectrometer 21 points to the center of beaded support 4, and imaging spectrometer array element 2 is for gathering the image of testing sample.
Central control server 6, for sending control signals to array of source unit 1, imaging spectrometer array element 2 and array of rear-projectors unit 3, and according to the sample image that imaging spectrometer array element 2 gathers, calculate the three-dimensional coordinate of each sampled point, calculate the normal of corresponding sampled point according to three-dimensional coordinate, calculate the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of all sampled points on testing sample according to each three-dimensional coordinate and corresponding normal.
Multispectral BRDF Measure System disclosed in this invention comprises beaded support 4, sample holder 5, array of source unit 1, array of rear-projectors unit 3, imaging spectrometer array element 2 and central control server 6; This system projects gray code map picture by array of rear-projectors unit 3 to testing sample, then array of source unit 1 is to the collimated light beam of testing sample projection different directions, imaging spectrometer array element 2 gathers the multispectral image of testing sample, central control server 6 obtains three-dimensional coordinate and the normal of each sampled point on testing sample by the gray code map picture on process testing sample surface, is obtained the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of testing sample by the multispectral image under process different directions illumination condition; Because LED collimation light source 11 of the present invention, projector 31 and imaging spectrometer 21 are uniformly distributed on beaded support 44, so three-dimensional coordinate and the normal of any point on testing sample can be obtained by survey calculation, thus the present invention is enable to measure the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function data of the testing sample of arbitrary shape.
In the specific implementation, beaded support 4 can be made up of the steel pole of different length, and this steel pole is bolted; The sphere of this beaded support 4 is by multiple triangle proximate composition, and the length of every root pole is determined by triangular curved algorithm of subdivision, those skilled in the art it will be appreciated that this triangular curved algorithm of subdivision be known and disclosed in, do not repeat one by one at this.The steel pole of this beaded support 4 is turned black with anodic oxidation, reduces the reflective of beaded support 4, is conducive to the quality improving image data.
In the specific implementation, sample holder 5 is positioned at the center of beaded support 4, and is coated with black matt paint, reduces the reflective of sample holder 5, is conducive to the quality improving image data; Further, sample holder 5 is provided with arrangement for adjusting height, to regulate the height of testing sample according to the size of testing sample, to guarantee that testing sample is in beaded support 4 center.
Particularly, array of source unit 1 also comprises:
Light source control server 12, for being connected by LAN (Local Area Network) with central control server 6, is received the light source control signal that central control server 6 sends, and light source control signal is changed into light source sequences number, luminance signal and color signal;
Light source synchronous controller 13, for receiving light source sequences number, luminance signal and color signal that light source control server 12 sends, controls brightness and the color of any one LED collimation light source 11;
LED drive power 14, for powering for LED collimation light source 11;
LED collimation light source 11 also comprises light source controller 116, and light source sequences that light source controller 116 sends according to light source synchronous controller 13 number, luminance signal and color signal, control the switch of LED collimation light source 11.
Further, as shown in Figure 3, LED collimation light source 11, comprises circular lamp receptacle 111, LED 112, diaphragm 113, collimating mirror 114, collimation lens barrel 115 and light source controller 116.The center of this lamp socket 111 is provided with LED light source deck, and deck is used for connecting power line; The other end of this power lead is connected to light source controller 116; LED 112 is full-color LED lamp, can by the brightness of light source controller 116 regulation output and color; Diaphragm 113 is provided with in collimation lens barrel 115, collimation lens barrel 115 light-emitting window place arranges collimating mirror 114, diaphragm 113 position overlaps with the focal plane of collimating mirror 114, and the emergent light of LED 112 sentences parallel light emergence from collimation lens barrel light-emitting window after the diaphragm in collimation lens barrel 115 and collimating mirror.The light source controller 116 of LED collimation light source 11, according to the light source control signal of input, controls brightness and the color of LED 112.Light source control server 12 connects light source synchronous controller 13 by its RS232 interface, and sends light source sequences number, brightness value and color value.The signal output part of light source synchronous controller 13 is connected with the light source controller 116 of each LED collimation light source 11, sends brightness and color control signal.LED drive power 14 is connected with the light source controller 116 of each LED collimation light source 11, provides electric energy; The light source control signal that light source control server 12 can be sent according to central control server 6 controls light source, can also be arranged the parameters of LED collimation light source 11, be convenient to regulate light source according to actual conditions by software interface.
Particularly, imaging spectrometer array element 2 also comprises:
Spectrometer Control Server 22, for receiving the image acquisition control signal of central control server 6, and sends synchronous acquisition signal and controls every platform imaging spectrometer 21 synchronous acquisition image, and by the Image Saving after gathering to hard disk;
Image acquisition isochronous controller 23, for the wavelength control signal sent according to spectrometer Control Server 22, controls the image wavelength that every platform imaging spectrometer 21 gathers.
Imaging spectrometer 21 also comprises: interconnective adjustable filter 211, wave filter drive system 212, CCD camera 213 and acquisition control system 214, wherein,
The light that adjustable filter 211 sends for the LED collimation light source 11 receiving preset wavelength;
Wave filter drive system 212 is for driving adjustable filter 211;
CCD camera 213 is for imaging;
Acquisition control system 214 receives the synchronous triggering signal that image acquisition isochronous controller 23 sends, and receives wavelength control signal, for arrange according to wavelength signals adjustable filter 211 through preset wavelength.
Further, as shown in Figure 5, imaging spectrometer 21, comprises adjustable filter 211, wave filter drive system 212, CCD camera 213 and acquisition control system 214.The synchronous triggering signal input end of acquisition control system 214 connects the trigger pip output terminal of image acquisition isochronous controller 23; The wavelength signals input end of acquisition control system 214 connects the wavelength control signal output terminal of image acquisition isochronous controller 23, changes the transmission peak wavelength of adjustable filter 211 according to the wavelength control signal received.The data output end of acquisition control system 214 connects the image acquisition input end of imaging spectrometer Control Server 22.
Further, spectrometer Control Server 22 connects central control server 6 by LAN (Local Area Network); The serial port of image acquisition server 22 connects the signal input part of image acquisition isochronous controller 23; The image acquisition input end of image acquisition server 22 connects the data output end of acquisition control system 214 contained by imaging spectrometer 21.
The synchronous triggering signal of its signal input part is converted to the synchronous triggering signal of acquisition control system 214 by image acquisition isochronous controller 23, is sent to the synchronous triggering signal input end of acquisition control system 214; The wavelength control signal of its signal input part dress is changed to the wavelength control signal of acquisition control system 214, is sent to the wavelength signals input end of acquisition control system 214.
Particularly, array of rear-projectors unit 3, also comprises: projection Control Server 32;
Projection Control Server 32 receives the projection control signal that central control server 6 sends, and according to projection control signal, makes projector 31 export gray code map picture, and make gray code map picture project testing sample surface from multiple directions successively.
Center-control in the present embodiment takes device, also for sending synchro measure signal to projection Control Server 32 and spectrometer Control Server 22;
Projection Control Server 32, for receiving synchro measure signal, and export one group of gray code map picture to projector 31, each projector 31 projects gray code map picture successively to testing sample;
Spectrometer Control Server 22, for sending synchronous triggering signal to all imaging spectrometers 21, to make imaging spectrometer 21 gather by the sample image casting gray code map picture, the product of the quantity that the quantity of sample image is imaging spectrometer 21 and the quantity of the gray code map picture projected;
Described center-control takes device, also for sending synchro measure signal to described projection Control Server and described spectrometer Control Server,
For each pixel in sample image generates the coding (c, p, g) about imaging spectrometer 21, projector 31 and gray code map picture, wherein c is the numbering of imaging spectrometer 21, and p is the numbering of projector 31, and g is Gray code corresponding to pixel,
Determine the picture planimetric coordinates set (x of the same sampled point that different sample images is corresponding
1, y
1), (x
2, y
2) ..., (x
m, y
m), wherein, m is the quantity of the imaging spectrometer can observing this sampled point,
According to the internal reference of the CCD camera 213 of imaging spectrometer 21 and the picture planimetric coordinates set of outer ginseng and sampled point, determine the reflection direction set of vectors of the corresponding different sample image of sampled point
Computational reflect direction vector intersection of sets point, the coordinate of intersection point is the three-dimensional coordinate of sampled point,
According to the normal of the set calculating sampling point of the three-dimensional coordinate of sampled point,
By the pixel coder of each sampled point, be kept in a data structure as planimetric coordinates set, reflection direction set of vectors, three-dimensional coordinate and normal.
Imaging spectrometer array element also comprises image acquisition isochronous controller;
Array of source unit also comprises light source control server,
Wherein, central control server 6, also for sending light source control signal to light source control server 12,
Light source control server 12, for controlling switch LED collimation light source 11 one by one according to light source control signal,
Central control server 6, sends image cube collection signal to image acquisition isochronous controller 23 time also for opening a LED collimation light source 11 at every turn,
Image acquisition isochronous controller 23, for according to image cube collection signal, sends the synchronous triggering signal gathered under N number of wavelength to imaging spectrometer 21, wherein N be greater than 1 positive integer, and N number of sample image is synthesized an image cube,
Central control server 6, also for generating coding (c, l) for each pixel in each image cube, wherein c is the numbering of imaging spectrometer 21, and l is the numbering of LED collimation light source 11, and determines the coordinate (x of each pixel in each image cube, y)
According to the pixel coordinate retrieve data structure of image cube, obtain the pixel coder corresponding to coordinate of each pixel, reflection direction set of vectors, three-dimensional coordinate and normal; And according to the numbering of LED collimation light source 11 and three-dimensional coordinate, determine the incident direction vector of the sampled point corresponding to pixel, according to incident direction vector, normal and reflection direction vector, the zenith angle of the incident direction of calculating sampling point and the zenith angle of position angle and reflection direction and position angle
Adopt relative measurement, the figure image space cube pixel value of standard of comparison sample and testing sample, determines the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of all sampled points on testing sample.
Further, standard model can selected shape be spherical, and the article of uniform in material, and the bidirectional reflectance distribution function value of standard model is known, the material of standard model can comprise barium sulphate and tetrafluoroethene.Adopt relative measurement, do not need to measure each point on testing sample, can determine the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function measuring testing sample, this method can improve measurement efficiency.
In addition, it should be noted that, the operation performed by above-mentioned central control server 6 and corresponding function, also can be completed by individual subscriber server, central control server 6 is mainly used in data acquisition.
In the specific implementation, imaging spectrometer comprises adjustable filter;
In the specific implementation, imaging spectrometer array element 2, when opening each LED collimation light source 11 one by one, obtain the reflected image of LED collimation light source in a known form and size minute surface spheroid, the incidence reflection relation of minute surface spheroid per sample support 5 arranged and the internal reference of imaging spectrometer and outer ginseng, determine the three-dimensional coordinate of each LED collimation light source 11.
Based on same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of and adopts above-mentioned multispectral BRDF Measure System to carry out the method measured, and as shown in Figure 7, comprises the following steps:
S1, determines three-dimensional coordinate and the normal of the sampled point on testing sample surface;
S2, according to three-dimensional coordinate and normal, measures the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function data of each sampled point in testing sample surface.
The present embodiment have employed above-mentioned multispectral BRDF Measure System and measures, this system includes beaded support 4, and on beaded support 4, be provided with equally distributed projector 31 and imaging spectrometer 21, adopt projector 31 to testing sample projection gray code map picture, imaging spectrometer 21 gathers the mode of image thus can realize three-dimensional coordinate and the normal of the determination testing sample surface sampled point of step S1.
Further, according to three-dimensional coordinate and the normal of step S1 determined testing sample surface sampled point, the more multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function data of each sampled point in testing sample surface are determined.
In the specific implementation, as shown in Figure 8, step S1 comprises:
S101, center-control takes device and sends synchro measure signal to projection Control Server 32 and spectrometer Control Server 22;
S102, projection Control Server 32 receives synchro measure signal, and export one group of gray code map picture to projector 31, each projector 31 projects gray code map picture successively to testing sample;
S103, spectrometer Control Server 22 sends synchronous triggering signal to all imaging spectrometers 21, gathers by the sample image casting gray code map picture to make imaging spectrometer 21;
S104, for each pixel in sample image generates the coding (c, p, g) about imaging spectrometer 21, projector 31 and gray code map picture, wherein c is the numbering of imaging spectrometer 21, and p is the numbering of projector 31, and g is Gray code corresponding to pixel;
S105, determines the picture planimetric coordinates set (x of the same sampled point that different sample image is corresponding
1, y
1), (x
2, y
2) ..., (x
m, y
m), wherein m is the quantity of the imaging spectrometer can observing this sampled point;
S106, according to the internal reference of the CCD camera 213 of imaging spectrometer 21 and the picture planimetric coordinates set of outer ginseng and sampled point, determines the reflection direction set of vectors of the corresponding different sample image of sampled point
It should be noted that herein, needed to carry out geometric calibration to imaging spectrometer 21 array element 2 before step S106.By adopting polyphaser combined calibrating method of the prior art to calculate mapping relations between the three-dimensional coordinate of the sampled point determined on the two-dimensional coordinate of each pixel of the testing sample image that imaging spectrometer 21 gathers and testing sample, it is consistent that the intrinsic parameter of the CCD camera 213 of the imaging spectrometer 21 wherein related in computation process defines with the intrinsic parameter in camera geometric calibration method (i.e. polyphaser combined calibrating method) and outer parameter with outer parameter.
S107, computational reflect direction vector intersection of sets point, the coordinate of intersection point is the three-dimensional coordinate of sampled point;
S108, according to the normal direction vector of the set calculating sampling point of the three-dimensional coordinate of sampled point;
S109, by the pixel coder of each sampled point, is kept in a data structure as planimetric coordinates set, reflection direction set of vectors, three-dimensional coordinate and normal.
It should be noted that, this light and shade code conversion can, at imaging spectrometer 21 as any one pixel in plane producing one group of light and shade coding, can be a sequence be made up of 0 and 1 by identifying by the gray code map picture projected on testing sample surface.Therefore, generate a group coding (c, p, g) to any one pixel in the testing sample image collected, wherein c is the numbering of imaging spectrometer 21; P is the numbering of projector 31; G is Gray code corresponding in this pixel, and this coding is a sequence be made up of 0 and 1.Different coding c is had in the image that the sampled point on testing sample surface gathers at different imaging spectrometer 21, therefore each coding (c, p, g) in, c is different, but (p, g) part is identical, due to can this group coding be passed through, from the testing sample image that multiple stage imaging spectrometer 21 gathers, recognize the same sampled point of body surface respectively, determine the picture planimetric coordinates (x of this sampled point on multiple stage imaging spectrometer 21
1, y
1), (x
2, y
2) ..., (x
m, y
m), m is the quantity of the imaging spectrometer can observing this sampled point.According to camera intrinsic parameter and the outer parameter of known imaging spectrometer 21, the reflection direction vector that these pixels are corresponding just can be obtained
these reflection direction vectors all point to this sampled point.Finally by the intersection point solving these reflection direction vectors, the three-dimensional coordinate of this sampled point can be obtained.After the three-dimensional coordinate getting testing sample surface sampled point, namely can calculate the normal direction of this sampled point according to the computing method of prior art.The three-dimensional coordinate of other sampled points of testing sample is identical therewith with the defining method of normal direction, does not repeat them here.
The object of step S1 is to carry out three-dimensional reconstruction, and namely the set of the data structure of all sampled points is the result of three-dimensional reconstruction.
In the specific implementation, as shown in Figure 9, step S2 comprises:
S201, central control server 6 sends light source control signal to light source control server 12;
S202, light source control server 12 controls switch LED collimation light source 11 one by one according to light source control signal;
S203, when opening a LED collimation light source 11, central control server 6 sends image cube collection signal to image acquisition isochronous controller 23 at every turn,
Image acquisition isochronous controller 23, according to image cube collection signal, sends the synchronous triggering signal gathered under N number of wavelength to imaging spectrometer 21,
N number of sample image is synthesized an image cube by image acquisition isochronous controller 23;
Visible, if the number of LED collimation light source 11 is L, wherein L be greater than 1 positive integer, due to the every switch of LED collimation light source 11 once, every platform imaging spectrometer 21 gathers an image cube, C platform imaging spectrometer 21 will gather C image cube, and L LED collimation light source 11 will project L light beam altogether, then the quantity of the final image cube gathered is C × L;
S204, for each pixel in each image cube generates coding (c, l), wherein c is the numbering of imaging spectrometer 21, and l is the numbering of LED collimation light source 11,
S205, according to the pixel coordinate retrieve data structure of image cube, obtains the pixel coder corresponding to each pixel coordinate, reflection direction set of vectors, three-dimensional coordinate and normal;
According to numbering and the three-dimensional coordinate of LED collimation light source 11, determine the incident direction vector of the sampled point corresponding to pixel, according to incident direction vector, normal and reflection direction vector, the zenith angle of the incident direction of calculating sampling point and the zenith angle of position angle and reflection direction and position angle;
It should be noted that, the object of step S205 is in order to can be corresponding with the pixel of image cube by carrying out data such as the three-dimensional coordinate about the sampled point on testing sample, normal direction vector reflection direction vector that three-dimensional reconstruction obtains in step S109;
For each sampled point of testing sample, by retrieving its pixel coder (c, p, g), obtain the reflection direction vector of this sampled point at multiple stage imaging spectrometer 21 place
with normal direction vector
by retrieving its pixel coder (c, l), the incident direction vector of this sampled point can be calculated by light source numbering l
according to incident direction vector
normal direction vector
with reflection direction vector
zenith angle and the position angle (θ of the incident direction of this sampled point can be calculated
i, φ
i) and the zenith angle of reflection direction and position angle (θ
r, φ
r);
S206, adopt relative measurement, the figure image space cube pixel value of standard of comparison sample and testing sample, determines the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of all sampled points on testing sample;
In the specific implementation, pixel value in image cube is directly proportional to spectral radiance, utilize relative measurement of the prior art, by the image cube pixel value of standard of comparison sample and testing sample, the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of all sampled points in testing sample surface can be calculated
Further, standard model can selected shape be spherical, and the article of uniform in material, and the bidirectional reflectance distribution function value of standard model is known, the material of standard model can comprise barium sulphate and tetrafluoroethene,
On the testing sample finally calculated, the three-dimensional coordinate of all sampled points, the set of normal direction vector bidirectional reflectance distribution function data are the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function data of this testing sample.
In the specific implementation, step S205 can comprise:
S2051, when opening each LED collimation light source 11 one by one, imaging spectrometer array element 2 obtains the reflected image image of LED collimation light source 11 on the minute surface spheroid of a known form and size, the incidence reflection relation of minute surface spheroid per sample support 5 arranged and the internal reference of imaging spectrometer 21 and outer ginseng, determine the three-dimensional coordinate (not shown) of each LED collimation light source 11.
The present invention can realize the high-acruracy survey to multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function, and it is also higher to measure efficiency with the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function adopting method of the present invention for testing sample, in many experiments process, the geometry three-dimensional data of determination testing sample of the present invention, only need the time of tens seconds, and the bidirectional reflectance distribution function data measuring testing sample only need to complete for tens seconds, compared to prior art, efficiency improves a lot.
In the present invention, term " multiple " refers to two or more, unless otherwise clear and definite restriction.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a multispectral BRDF Measure System, is characterized in that, comprising:
Beaded support, for fixed L ED collimated light source, imaging spectrometer and projector;
Sample holder, is arranged at the center of described beaded support, for carrying testing sample;
Array of source unit, comprise multiple described LED collimation light source, multiple described LED collimation light source is uniformly distributed on described beaded support, and the optical axis of each described LED collimation light source points to the center of described beaded support, described array of source unit is used for from different directions to described testing sample projection collimated light beam;
Array of rear-projectors unit, comprise multiple described projector, multiple described projector is uniformly distributed on described beaded support, and the optical axis of each described projector points to the center of described beaded support, and described array of rear-projectors unit is used for described testing sample surface projection gray code map picture;
Imaging spectrometer array element, comprise multiple described imaging spectrometer, multiple described imaging spectrometer is uniformly distributed on described beaded support, and the optical axis of each described imaging spectrometer points to the center of described beaded support, described imaging spectrometer array element for gather described testing sample by described projector projects gray code map as time or described LED collimation light source irradiation time sample image;
Central control server, for sending control signals to described array of source unit, described imaging spectrometer array element and described array of rear-projectors unit, and according to the sample image that described imaging spectrometer array element gathers, calculate the three-dimensional coordinate of each sampled point, the normal of corresponding sampled point is calculated, the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of all sampled points on testing sample according to each three-dimensional coordinate and corresponding method line computation according to described three-dimensional coordinate.
2. multispectral BRDF Measure System according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described array of rear-projectors unit also comprises projection Control Server, described projection Control Server is for receiving described synchro measure signal, and exporting one group of gray code map picture to described projector, each described projector projects described gray code map picture successively to described testing sample;
Described imaging spectrometer array element also comprises spectrometer Control Server, and described spectrometer Control Server is used for sending synchronous triggering signal, to make described imaging spectrometer synchronous acquisition sample image to all described imaging spectrometers;
Described center-control takes device, also for sending synchro measure signal to described projection Control Server and described spectrometer Control Server,
For each pixel in described sample image generates the coding (c, p, g) about imaging spectrometer, projector and gray code map picture, wherein c is the numbering of imaging spectrometer, and p is the numbering of projector, and g is Gray code corresponding to described pixel,
Determine the picture planimetric coordinates set (x of the same sampled point that different sample images is corresponding
1, y
1), (x
2, y
2) ..., (x
m, y
m), wherein, m is the quantity of the imaging spectrometer can observing this sampled point,
According to the internal reference of the CCD camera of described imaging spectrometer and the picture planimetric coordinates set of outer ginseng and described sampled point, determine the reflection direction set of vectors of the corresponding different described sample image of described sampled point
Calculate the intersection point of described reflection direction set of vectors, the coordinate of described intersection point is the three-dimensional coordinate of described sampled point,
The normal of described sampled point is calculated according to the set of the three-dimensional coordinate of described sampled point,
By the pixel coder of each described sampled point, be kept in a data structure as planimetric coordinates set, reflection direction set of vectors, three-dimensional coordinate and normal.
3. multispectral BRDF Measure System according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described imaging spectrometer array element also comprises image acquisition isochronous controller;
Described array of source unit also comprises light source control server;
Wherein, described central control server, also for sending light source control signal to described light source control server,
Described light source control server, for controlling LED collimation light source described in switch one by one according to described light source control signal,
Described central control server, sends image cube collection signal to described image acquisition isochronous controller time also for opening a LED collimation light source at every turn,
Described image acquisition isochronous controller, for according to described image cube collection signal, sends the synchronous triggering signal gathered under N number of wavelength, and N number of sample image is synthesized an image cube to described imaging spectrometer,
Described central control server, also for generating coding (c, l) for each pixel in each image cube, wherein c is the numbering of imaging spectrometer, and l is the numbering of LED collimation light source,
Retrieve described data structure according to the pixel coordinate of image cube, obtain the pixel coder corresponding to each pixel coordinate, reflection direction set of vectors, three-dimensional coordinate and normal; And according to the numbering of described LED collimation light source and three-dimensional coordinate, determine the incident direction vector of the sampled point corresponding to described pixel, according to described incident direction vector, normal and reflection direction vector, calculate the zenith angle of the incident direction of described sampled point and the zenith angle of position angle and reflection direction and position angle
Adopt relative measurement, the figure image space cube pixel value of standard of comparison sample and described testing sample, determines the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of all sampled points on described testing sample.
4. multispectral BRDF Measure System according to any one of claim 1 to 3, is characterized in that, described imaging spectrometer comprises adjustable filter.
5. multispectral BRDF Measure System according to any one of claim 1 to 3, is characterized in that,
Described imaging spectrometer array element, when opening each described LED collimation light source one by one, obtain the reflected image of described LED collimation light source on the minute surface spheroid of a known form and size, according to the incidence reflection relation of described minute surface spheroid that described sample holder is arranged and the internal reference of described imaging spectrometer and outer ginseng, determine the three-dimensional coordinate of described each LED collimation light source.
6. adopt the arbitrary described multispectral BRDF Measure System of claim 1-5 to carry out the method measured, it is characterized in that, comprising:
S1, determines three-dimensional coordinate and the normal of the described sampled point on described testing sample surface;
S2, according to described three-dimensional coordinate and normal, measures the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function data of each described sampled point in testing sample surface.
7. multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function measuring method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described step S1 comprises:
S101, described center-control takes device and sends synchro measure signal to described projection Control Server and described imaging spectrometer Control Server;
S102, described projection Control Server receives described synchro measure signal, exports one group of gray code map picture to described projector, and each described projector projects described gray code map picture successively to described testing sample;
S103, described imaging spectrometer Control Server sends synchronous triggering signal to all described imaging spectrometers, is cast the sample image of described gray code map picture to make described imaging spectrometer collection;
S104, for each pixel in described sample image generates the coding (c, p, g) about imaging spectrometer, projector and gray code map picture, wherein c is the numbering of imaging spectrometer, and p is the numbering of projector, and g is Gray code corresponding to described pixel;
S105, determines the picture planimetric coordinates set (x of the same sampled point that different sample images is corresponding
1, y
1), (x
2, y
2) ..., (x
m, y
m), wherein, m is the quantity of the imaging spectrometer can observing this sampled point;
S106, according to the internal reference of the CCD camera of described imaging spectrometer and the picture planimetric coordinates set of outer ginseng and described sampled point, determines the reflection direction set of vectors of the corresponding different described sample image of described sampled point
S107, calculates the intersection point of described reflection direction set of vectors, and the coordinate of described intersection point is the three-dimensional coordinate of described sampled point;
S108, calculates the normal of described sampled point according to the set of the three-dimensional coordinate of described sampled point;
S109, by the pixel coder of each described sampled point, is kept in a data structure as planimetric coordinates set, reflection direction set of vectors, three-dimensional coordinate and normal.
8. multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function measuring method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described step S2 comprises:
S201, described central control server sends light source control signal to described light source control server;
S202, described light source control server controls LED collimation light source described in switch one by one according to described light source control signal;
S203, when opening a LED collimation light source, described central control server sends image cube collection signal to described image acquisition isochronous controller at every turn,
Described image acquisition isochronous controller, according to described image cube collection signal, sends to described imaging spectrometer and gathers synchronous triggering signal under N number of wavelength,
N number of sample image is synthesized an image cube by described image acquisition isochronous controller;
S204, for each pixel in each image cube generates coding (c, l), wherein c is the numbering of imaging spectrometer, and l is the numbering of LED collimation light source;
S205, retrieves described data structure according to the pixel coordinate of image cube, obtains the pixel coder corresponding to each pixel coordinate, reflection direction set of vectors, three-dimensional coordinate and normal,
According to numbering and the three-dimensional coordinate of described LED collimation light source, determine the incident direction vector of the sampled point corresponding to described pixel, according to described incident direction vector, normal and reflection direction vector, calculate the zenith angle of the incident direction of described sampled point and the zenith angle of position angle and reflection direction and position angle;
S206, adopt relative measurement, the figure image space cube pixel value of standard of comparison sample and described testing sample, determines the multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of all sampled points on described testing sample.
9. multispectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function measuring method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described step S205 comprises:
S2051, when opening each described LED collimation light source one by one, described imaging spectrometer array element obtains the reflected image image of described LED collimation light source on the minute surface spheroid of a known form and size, according to the incidence reflection relation of the minute surface spheroid that described sample holder is arranged and the internal reference of described imaging spectrometer and outer ginseng, determine the three-dimensional coordinate of described each LED collimation light source.
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