CN104895901B - Electrical equipment joint special washer - Google Patents
Electrical equipment joint special washer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104895901B CN104895901B CN201510302701.5A CN201510302701A CN104895901B CN 104895901 B CN104895901 B CN 104895901B CN 201510302701 A CN201510302701 A CN 201510302701A CN 104895901 B CN104895901 B CN 104895901B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ring body
- ring
- support feet
- electrical equipment
- packing ring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000002683 foot Anatomy 0.000 description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061619 Deformity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001364 causal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027950 fever generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
- F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
- F16B39/24—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by means of washers, spring washers, or resilient plates that lock against the object
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
- H01R4/38—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a clamping member acted on by screw or nut
- H01R4/42—Clamping area to one side of screw only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/28—Clamped connections, spring connections
- H01R4/48—Clamped connections, spring connections utilising a spring, clip, or other resilient member
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of electrical equipment joint special washer, it includes the middle ring body for opening up through hole, the border edge spacer ring of ring body sets multiple cantilever plates and each cantilever plate is structure as a whole with ring body, each cantilever plate is bent to form arcuation and has resilient support feet separately down, the spacing leg and spacing leg that the edge of ring body is also associated with downward bending are structure as a whole with ring body, the level height of the level height more than support feet bottom of spacing leg bottom.Simple structure of the present invention, it is easy to process, be avoided that bolt looseness phenomenon that thermal expansion causes and can effectively reduce joint area and generate heat.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to equipment electrical connection field, specifically a kind of electrical equipment joint special washer.
Background technology
Conductor joint heating is always one of key factor of influence electrical equipment and power grid security reliability service.Especially in the summer
Season, heating defect accounts for more than the 35% of overall defect, and electrical equipment is most of exposed in outdoor operation, and in longtime running, joint is received
To natural force effects such as temperature change, filthy covering, snow and rain mists, along with factors such as design defect, construction wrongs, can make
Loosened into joint, so as to cause contact surface loose contact, resistance becomes big, causes the local pyrexia of joint, temperature to raise,
If not preventing the development of such hidden danger in time, the result is that caused the accident because vicious circle causes tie point to blow, to transformer station
Or even the normal operation of power network causes unpredictable harm.
The joint of electrical equipment is usually that terminal sleeve ring set is connected in fastening bolt, is then tightened by fastening bolt
Onto terminal stud, the terminal collar is crimped on terminal stud by the nut of fastening bolt, so as to realize the terminal collar with
Electrical connection between terminal stud.In order to ensure the fixing of connection, can also be covered between the nut and the terminal collar of fastening bolt
Connect plain washer or spring washer.Find that fastening pressure is excessive to be by electrical equipment conductor joint heating causal investigation analysis
Cause a major reason of conductor joint heating, when nut pressure exceedes certain critical pressure value, if the strength of materials not enough, continues
Can cause contact facial disfigurement after increasing pressure, Local warping occur so that effective contact surface is reduced, contact resistance increase causes
Heating, after conductor joint heating, fastening bolt expansion causes joint to loosen, and causes contact surface contact resistance further to increase, and passes
System packing ring cannot often provide balancing force, cause vicious circle, final damage equipment.
Based on drawbacks described above, this invention address that developing a kind of novel thermosensitive packing ring, it can be with hot swollen at compensating joint
Swollen phenomenon, existing gasket construction is improved by accurate force analysis and according to expansion principle, is finally reached solution and is connect
The purpose of the hot problem of hair.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of electrical equipment joint special washer, the gasket construction is simple,
It is easy to process, can effectively reduce joint area and generate heat and be avoided that because of the bolt looseness phenomenon that thermal expansion causes.
In order to solve the above technical problems, electrical equipment joint special washer of the invention includes that centre opens up the annular of through hole
Body, its border edge spacer ring for being structurally characterized in that the ring body sets multiple cantilever plates and each cantilever plate and ring body
It is structure as a whole, each cantilever plate is bent to form arcuation and has resilient support feet separately down, and the edge of ring body also connects
The spacing leg and spacing leg for being connected to downward bending are structure as a whole with ring body, the level height of spacing leg bottom
More than the level height of support feet bottom.
Using said structure, middle through hole is used to install fastening bolt, and the bottom of multiple support feets is supported on terminal and leads
On the contact surface of body, the contact surface of terminal conductor is generally the upper surface of the terminal collar, when fastening bolt is tightened in positioned at most bottom
When on the terminal stud at end, there is elastic deformation and push the terminal collar in each support feet, the terminal collar is pressed firmly against end
On sub- stud, so that both form reliable electrical connection.Using the elasticity of support feet, the fastening of bolt can be effectively controlled
Power, while being also avoided that bolt looseness phenomenon.Spacing leg serves spacing effect, is led when the bottom of spacing leg touches
During contact level, then show that support feet has reached the fastening force of default deformation quantity, i.e. bolt and reached preset value, by spacing
The position-limiting action of leg, can be prevented effectively from that fastening force is excessive to cause the phenomenon of contact surface deformable, namely avoid because of contact surface shape
The fever phenomenon for becoming and causing.
The property at parts of edges and corners of the support feet bottom and spacing leg bottom is rounding off.Can be kept away using rounding off
Exempt from undue prominent property at parts of edges and corners by the surface tear of terminal conductor, namely avoid being sent out caused by the local electrical resistance increase of conductor
Thermal phenomenon.
The width of the cantilever plate gradually increases with the connection end of ring body from it to its overhanging end.Cantilever plate it is overhanging
End width increases, it is ensured that what bottom supported more consolidates, so as to ensure the stability of joint area structure.
Each cantilever plate forms the gap that multiple rings are located at ring body border, and spacing leg is respectively provided with one in each gap
It is individual.Spacing leg plays a part of spacing instruction by only setting one, but, in actual use, due to being pacified by terminal
Dress space or the influence of environment, the elastic deformation of each support feet are possible to asynchronous, it is possible to have several support feets normal
Generation elastic deformation, if a unique spacing leg is located just between these support feets, can cause that packing ring loses
Spacing indicative function has been removed, therefore, spacing leg sets multiple in border, so that the spacing indicative function of spacing leg is more
Plus it is reliable, while can also improve the stability of packing ring and avoid packing ring from glancing off.
Quantity for support feet can set three to five according to actual conditions, be preferable to provide four, i.e. cantilever plate etc.
Spacer ring sets four.
The vertical height and spacing foot bottom threshold value annular of the annular body top surface of support feet bottom distance are originally
The difference of the vertical height of body top surface is the axial compression amount of packing ring, and it is public that the axial compression amount meets elastic washer compression performance
Formula.
Preferably, special washer is the double-metal layer structure being formed as one by active layers and passive layer crimping, active layers
It is more than passive layer in lower and active layers thermal coefficient of expansions in upper, passive layer.Using the different double-metal layer structure of the coefficient of expansion,
After packing ring expanded by heating, the deformation of the deformation more than passive layer of active layers, so that support feet is overall further curved downwards
The curvature increase of song deformation, i.e. support feet, the elastic force of support feet increases, so that there is provided extra elastic force with compensation fastening bolt
The loosening phenomenon that expanded by heating is produced, it is ensured that the reliability of electrical connection, it is to avoid terminal virtual connection causes local electrical resistance to become big phenomenon, from
Fundamentally solve the problems, such as that joint area generates heat.
In sum, simple structure of the present invention, it is easy to process, be avoided that bolt looseness phenomenon that thermal expansion causes and can have
Effect reduces joint area heating.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description:
Fig. 1 is the dimensional structure diagram of one of which implementation method of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is side structure schematic view of the invention;
Fig. 3 is overlooking the structure diagram of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the cross section structure diagram of line A-A in Fig. 3.
Specific embodiment
Referring to the drawings, electrical equipment joint special washer of the invention includes that centre opens up the ring body 2 of through hole 1, ring
The border edge spacer ring of shape body 2 sets multiple cantilever plates and each cantilever plate is structure as a whole with ring body 2, each cantilever plate point
It is not bent to form arcuation downwards and has resilient support feet 3, the edge of ring body 2 is also associated with the spacing branch of downward bending
Pin 4 and spacing leg 4 is structure as a whole with ring body 2, the level height of the bottom of spacing leg 4 is more than the bottom of support feet 3
The level height in portion.
In said structure, middle through hole 1 is used to install fastening bolt, and the bottom of multiple support feets 3 is supported on terminal and leads
On the contact surface of body, the contact surface of terminal conductor is generally the upper surface of the terminal collar, when fastening bolt is tightened in positioned at most bottom
When on the terminal stud at end, there is elastic deformation and push the terminal collar in each support feet 3, the terminal collar is pressed firmly against end
On sub- stud, so that the terminal collar is formed with terminal stud reliably electrically connecting.Using the elasticity of support feet 3, can be effective
The fastening force of bolt is controlled, while being also avoided that bolt looseness phenomenon.Spacing leg 4 serves the effect of spacing instruction, works as limit
When the bottom of position leg 4 touches conductor contact surface, then show that support feet 3 has reached the fastening of default deformation quantity, i.e. bolt
Power has reached preset value, now stops tightening bolt.
Referring to the drawings, whole packing ring is close to a kind of structure of elastic washer, in the prior art, for the pressure of elastic washer
The decrement calculating formula of disc spring is used for reference the calculating of contracting springback capacity more.For the decrement calculating formula of disc spring, by American A Erman
A kind of approximate computational methods were proposed in 1936 with La Ziluo, the method there are two hypothesis:1)Assuming that making by load
It is still rectangle along the section of disc spring axial direction after, ignores the influence of radial load, namely ignore radial deformation;2)Assuming that additional
Reaction force in load and supporting surface is all equally distributed along internal and external circumference, and material is perfect elasticity, and ignores it and connect
Touch the influence of frictional force on surface.Its decrement computing formula is:
(In formula 1,Be with the internal-and external diameter when relevant coefficient of material, s is disc spring thickness, and H is disc spring free height, D
It is disc spring external diameter, axial deformation when f is the loading on internal and external circumference, p is disc spring axial load.)
Although elastic washer and disc spring have very big similitude, as it is assumed that presence and both in structure and
Difference in size, above-mentioned formula 1 can not be used directly to characterize the load envnlope of elastic washer, but formula can be carried out
Appropriate amendment, and fit the compression performance formula of elastic washer respectively using corresponding result of finite element.In Nanjing
One in polytechnical university's Master's thesis storehouse《Elastic washer mechanical behavior and method for designing research》Paper in, using above-mentioned public affairs
Formula, by elastic washer compression curve data sample, it is as follows that fitting has obtained elastic washer compression performance formula:
Wherein:
(In formula 2, temperature coefficient, T is temperature,
℃;P is packing ring axial compression load, kN;F is packing ring axial compression amount, mm;S is gasket thickness, mm;It is inside diameter of gasket,
mm;It is washer outer diameter, mm;C is packing ring boss ratio;H is that packing ring inner cone is high, mm;It is packing ring inclination angle;It is Poisson's ratio,
It is taken as 0.3;E is elasticity modulus of materials, MPa.)
With reference to formula 2, in the present invention, support feet 3 is identical with the radian of spacing leg 4, and support feet 3 and spacing is not considered
The radial force of leg 4, only considers axial force.Axial compression load p is the compression that fastening bolt is applied to packing ring in formula 2
Power, the thrust is configured according to the species and installation environment of joint, is known preset value.Designing the height of packing ring
The axial compression amount f needed for formula 2 calculates packing ring can be passed through after degree size.If the bottom of support feet 3 is apart from packing ring top surface
Vertical height be H, the bottom of spacing leg 4 apart from packing ring top surface vertical height be L, wherein H according to packing ring height gauge
Depending on very little, for L, then L=H-f is met.So that it could be assumed that:The bottom of support feet 3 is vertical apart from the top surface of ring body 2
Height is the axial compression amount of packing ring, the axle apart from the difference of the vertical height of the top surface of ring body 2 with the bottom of spacing leg 4
Meet elastic washer compression performance formula to decrement, that is, meet formula 2.
Referring to the drawings, the property at parts of edges and corners of the bottom of support feet 3 and the bottom of spacing leg 4 is rounding off.Using round and smooth
Transition can avoid undue prominent property at parts of edges and corners by the surface tear of terminal conductor, namely avoid the local electrical resistance of conductor from increasing and
Caused fever phenomenon.
As shown in figure 3, the width of cantilever plate gradually increases with the connection end of ring body 2 from it to its overhanging end.It is overhanging
The overhanging end width of plate increases, it is ensured that what bottom supported more consolidates, so as to ensure the stability of joint area structure.
As shown in figure 3, each cantilever plate forms the gap that multiple rings are located at the border of ring body 2, in wherein individual gap
Setting a spacing leg 4 can play a part of spacing instruction.But, in actual use, due to being installed empty by terminal
Between or environment influence, the elastic deformation of each support feet 3 is possible to asynchronous, it is possible to have several support feets 3 can not normally to send out
Raw elastic deformation, if a unique spacing leg 4 is located just between these support feets 3, can cause that packing ring loses
Spacing indicative function is removed.Therefore, spacing leg 4 is respectively provided with one in each gap, i.e., spacing leg 4 sets many in border
It is individual, so that the spacing indicative function of spacing leg 4 is relatively reliable, while can also improve the stability of packing ring and avoid packing ring
Glance off.
Quantity for support feet 3 can set three to five according to actual conditions, as illustrated, four are preferable to provide,
I.e. ring sets four to cantilever plate at equal intervals.
Reference picture 4, special washer is to crimp the double-metal layer structure being formed as one by active layers 5 and passive layer 6, actively
Layer 5 is more than passive layer 6 in upper, passive layer 6 in lower and active layers 5 thermal coefficient of expansions.Using the different bimetallic of the coefficient of expansion
Rotating fields, active layer material is copper, and passive layer material is 65Mn spring steel.After packing ring expanded by heating, the deformation of active layers 5 is big
In the deformation of passive layer 6, so that the overall further curvature increase of flexural deformation, i.e. support feet 3, branch downwards of support feet 3
The elastic force of spike 3 increases, so that the loosening phenomenon produced with compensation fastening bolt expanded by heating there is provided extra elastic force, it is ensured that
The reliability of electrical connection, it is to avoid terminal virtual connection causes joint area resistance to become big phenomenon, fundamentally solves joint area
The problem of heating.
In sum, the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned specific embodiment.Those skilled in the art, it is of the invention not departing from
On the premise of spirit and scope, some changes and modification can be done.Protection scope of the present invention should be with claim of the invention
It is defined.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of electrical equipment joint special washer, including centre opens up through hole(1)Ring body(2), it is characterized in that described
Ring body(2)Border edge spacer ring set multiple cantilever plates and each cantilever plate and ring body(2)It is structure as a whole, it is each outer
Plate is stretched to be bent to form arcuation separately down and have resilient support feet(3), ring body(2)Edge be also associated with being turned under
The spacing leg of folding(4)And spacing leg(4)With ring body(2)It is structure as a whole, spacing leg(4)The level of bottom is high
Degree is more than support feet(3)The level height of bottom;The support feet(3)Bottom is apart from ring body(2)Top surface it is vertical
Height and spacing leg(4)Bottom is apart from ring body(2)The difference of the vertical height of top surface is the axial compression amount of packing ring,
The axial compression amount meets elastic washer compression performance formula;Set f as axial compression amount, setting support feet bottom distance pad
The vertical height for enclosing top surface is H, and the vertical height of spacing foot bottom threshold value packing ring top surface is L, meets L=H-f, and f meets public
Formula:
;
Wherein:;
;
In formula, temperature coefficient, T is temperature, unit DEG C;
P is packing ring axial compression load, unit kN;F is packing ring axial compression amount, unit mm;S is gasket thickness, unit mm;It is pad
Circle internal diameter, unit mm;It is washer outer diameter, unit mm;C is packing ring boss ratio;H is that packing ring inner cone is high, unit mm;It is pad
Circle inclination angle;It is Poisson's ratio, is taken as 0.3;E is elasticity modulus of materials, units MPa;Axial compression load p applies for fastening bolt
It is known preset value to the thrust of packing ring.
2. electrical equipment joint special washer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the support feet(3)Bottom and spacing
Leg(4)The property at parts of edges and corners of bottom is rounding off.
3. electrical equipment joint special washer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the width of the cantilever plate is from itself and ring
Shape body(2)Connection end gradually increase to its overhanging end.
4. electrical equipment joint special washer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that each cantilever plate forms multiple rings setting
In ring body(2)The gap of border, the spacing leg(4)One is respectively provided with each gap.
5. electrical equipment joint special washer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the cantilever plate ring sets four at equal intervals.
6. the electrical equipment joint special washer as any one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that the special washer is
By active layers(5)And passive layer(6)The double-metal layer structure that crimping is formed as one, active layers(5)In upper, passive layer(6)
Lower and active layers(5)Thermal coefficient of expansion be more than passive layer(6).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201510302701.5A CN104895901B (en) | 2015-06-06 | 2015-06-06 | Electrical equipment joint special washer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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CN201510302701.5A CN104895901B (en) | 2015-06-06 | 2015-06-06 | Electrical equipment joint special washer |
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CN104895901A CN104895901A (en) | 2015-09-09 |
CN104895901B true CN104895901B (en) | 2017-07-04 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105370702B (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2018-01-23 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of elastomeric pad fastener |
CN106975711B (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2018-09-28 | 兰州飞行控制有限责任公司 | A kind of processing method of 0Cr17Ni7MnTi stainless steels elastic washer |
CN109768493B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2020-02-11 | 宁波共盛电气科技有限公司 | Metal enclosed switch cabinet arranged in armored case |
CN110886745A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-17 | 凤城市万通机械制造有限公司 | Band component |
CN111682325B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-06-10 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Terminal assembly |
CN117028392B (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2024-01-30 | 杭州斯泰新材料技术有限公司 | Fastening ring fastener and assembly thereof |
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JPS588817A (en) * | 1981-07-03 | 1983-01-19 | 株式会社山科精工所 | Elastic washer |
JP2002021836A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-23 | Fujitsu Denso Ltd | Washer and crimp terminal |
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CN204664118U (en) * | 2015-06-06 | 2015-09-23 | 国网山东省电力公司潍坊供电公司 | Electrical equipment joint special washer |
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2015
- 2015-06-06 CN CN201510302701.5A patent/CN104895901B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US3740677A (en) * | 1971-11-05 | 1973-06-19 | Motorola Inc | Resonant cavity filter temperature compensation |
CN201078423Y (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2008-06-25 | 湘铧企业股份有限公司 | Height-stopping shrapnel |
CN201717453U (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2011-01-19 | 芯通科技(成都)有限公司 | Shielding gasket for SMA radio frequency connecting piece |
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弹性垫圈力学行为及设计方法研究;张育;《硕士学位论文》;20060501;20-26 * |
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