CN104895697A - Free piston type Stirling machine - Google Patents
Free piston type Stirling machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN104895697A CN104895697A CN201510287778.XA CN201510287778A CN104895697A CN 104895697 A CN104895697 A CN 104895697A CN 201510287778 A CN201510287778 A CN 201510287778A CN 104895697 A CN104895697 A CN 104895697A
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- piston
- discharger
- drive motor
- leaf spring
- phase shift
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/044—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines having at least two working members, e.g. pistons, delivering power output
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/053—Component parts or details
Abstract
The invention relates to a free piston type Stirling machine, which aims to lower the design of an ejector plate spring and reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the free piston type Stirling machine, wherein two pistons with one big and one small are respectively fixed on two ends of an ejector piston rod; a liner reciprocating motor powered by a shifting-phase transformer is contained inside a back pressure chamber; the big piston fixed on the ejector piston rod is an ejector that is set inside an expansion chamber; the small piston and the ejector plate spring are fixed on the ejector piston rod located at the other end of the back pressure chamber; the small piston is set inside a cylinder opened on a shifting-phase driving motor mover; and the liner reciprocating motor driven by a power piston is in electric connection to the shifting-phase driving motor through the shifting-phase transformer. According to the invention, the working conditions of high frequency and large amplitude of an ejector can be realized with low manufacturing cost; the power density and the capacity of per unit of the free piston type Stirling machine are improved; and the machine provided herein can all be applied to Stirling motors and refrigerating machines.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal power technology, be specifically related to a kind ofly to carry out generating electricity based on Stirling cycle, the free-piston stirling machine of the purposes such as refrigeration.
Background technique
Stirling device is based on Stirling cycle, two large classes are divided into: what adopt forward Stirling cycle is referred to as Stirling engine by purposes, in device, at high temperature absorb heat expansion, normal temperature of working gas transfers hot compression, the expansion work obtained is greater than compression work, thus be mechanical energy by thermal energy, its theoretical efficiency equals Carnot's cycle efficiency; What adopt reverse Stirling cycle is referred to as sterlin refrigerator, and device needs to consume mechanical energy and realizes working gas heat release at normal temperatures compression, and under low temperature, heat absorption is expanded and produced refrigeration, and its theoretical efficiency also equals Carnot's cycle efficiency.The Stirling device of antikinesis also can be designed to heat pump according to operating temperature, compensates mechanical energy realize heat quality lifting by the external world.Achieve wall-type heat exchange between stirling engine and external heat source, be closed cycle heat engine, working gas is generally the environmental protection such as helium, hydrogen gas, therefore has the advantages such as applicability is wide, efficient, environmental protection; Power, solar light-heat power-generation, portable distributed power generation under water, the cooling of electronic device, superconductive device etc., all there is application in the fields such as biological refrigeration.
Stirling engine at least comprises two moving elements to realize the change of expansion chamber and compression chamber volume, and the moving element adjoining compression chamber is called power piston or compression piston, and the moving element adjoining expansion chamber is called gas distribution piston or discharger; The athletic meeting of two pistons drives heat exchanger, regenerator runner between two the chamber shuttles of working gas by mutually adjoining.The pressure of working gas can experience and nonsynchronous change on the piston movement time in fluid interchange process, produces heat to power output thus; Two-piston motion phase relation is different, and the effect of heat to power output is also different.
As technology known in the art, the configuration of existing three kinds of main stirling engines.The configuration of α (Alpha) type has at least two pistons in different cylinders, and power piston and gas distribution piston all will bear the pressure difference of active chamber pressure to back pressure; The configuration of β (Beta) type has single power piston, described power piston is disposed in the same cylinder of distribution displacer piston, power piston wherein still needs to bear the pressure difference of active chamber pressure to back pressure, and the pressure difference that gas distribution piston need bear is much smaller, the pressure difference just between expansion chamber and compression chamber.The configuration of γ type and the similar of β type, just γ type power piston is contained in another cylinder of adjoining with gas distribution piston cylinder.Early stage stirling engine is the machine driven with mechanical kinematics principle always, and namely described power piston and gas distribution piston are connected to each other by mechanical mechanism, realizes motion amplitude and phase relationship typically by extension bar and bent axle.After William Beale has invented free-piston stirling machine, free-piston stirling machine many employings β type and the configuration of γ type.
In free-piston stirling machine, piston space does not adopt rigid mechanism to connect, and moving element follows dynamic law, to-and-fro motion under the constraint of gas force, mass inertial force and restoring force; Different with operating mode, the amplitude of each piston and the equal alterable of phase difference thereof, " free-piston " also gains the name thus.Restoring force needed for reciprocating motion of the pistons can be provided by " gas spring " of corresponding volume, also can be provided by the spring of corresponding rigidity (be typically plane spring, also claim leaf spring).Early stage free piston stirling adopts gas spring as the restoring force of piston, but because active chamber pressure amplitude is asymmetric, make the simple piston by gas spring effect because producing without any mechanical constraint " drift ", need corresponding control structure and method that two-piston just can be avoided to bump against or hit cylinder, add the complexity of machine.Then STC Corporation adopts leaf spring to replace the free piston type Stirling γ type configuration of gas spring progressively ripe, develops the machine of 3KW equal-specification.The β type 1KW mini domestic cogeneration system that Microgen company develops with Sunpower company technique, not only comprehensively have employed leaf spring and gas spring, also have employed on power piston by the gas bearing of one-way valve pump gas, achieve " floated " power piston without supported by plate spring.Modern free piston type Stirling-electric hybrid adopts clearance seal, flexible support, the design of integrated straight line motor (typical case comprises moving-coil, dynamic magnetic, dynamic iron three major types pattern) reduces mechanical friction, achieve oil-free lubrication, efficient, long lifetime, high reliability, on the other hand, make vibration by opposed or additional bump leveller, noise level also significantly reduces; All multi objective are better than mechanical type stirling engine.
Fig. 1 is the β type free piston type Stirling-electric hybrid structural representation of known employing moving-magnet linear motor.As shown in Figure 1, existing β type free piston type Stirling-electric hybrid configuration comprises: power piston 16, discharger 12, cylinder block 5, discharger leaf spring 19, power piston leaf spring 18, permanent magnetic rotor 10 is fixed on power piston bar 17 by rigid support 11, and leaf spring 18 is fastened on the afterbody of power piston bar 17 by fastening piece 20.Discharger piston rod 13 coaxially pierces into power piston 16, and discharger piston thin bar 14 is coaxially through power piston 16 and power piston bar 17, and its two ends respectively have fastening piece 24,15 respectively that leaf spring 19, discharger 12 is fastening.Power piston 16 causes the volume-variation of compression chamber 22, expansion chamber 21 with the relative movement of discharger 12, drives working medium to be shuttled between two chambeies by the runner adjoined in the second heat exchanger 4 of layout, regenerator 3, First Heat Exchanger 2.During as generator designs, First Heat Exchanger 2 temperature is high, the second heat exchanger 4 temperature is low, expansion work is greater than compression work and realizes heat to power output, gas force drives power piston 16 to drive permanent magnetic rotor 10 to-and-fro motion in annulus gap, this air gap is surrounded with outer yoke 7 by coaxially arranged inner yoke 9, and electromagnetic effect will generate the extraneous load of voltage driven in coil 8.During as cryocooler design, First Heat Exchanger 2 temperature is low, the second heat exchanger 4 temperature is high, external power supply is powered to coil 8, generation electromagnetic force drives power piston 16 to move reciprocatingly by electromagnetic effect, discharger 12 to-and-fro motion under dynamic law domination, and produce cooling effect at First Heat Exchanger 2, expansion chamber 21.Above-mentioned all parts are sealed in pressure vessel 1, and linear electric motor are installed in back pressure cavity 23.
Existing γ type free-piston stirling machine as shown in Figure 2, the main distinction of itself and β type is 2 points: (1) γ type power piston 16 and discharger 12 lay respectively in two unequal cylinders of diameter, the diameter of discharger 12 is greater than the diameter of power piston 16, is furnished with the rigid support 33 with vent in compression chamber 22; (2) γ type discharger leaf spring 19 closes on the most end of back pressure cavity unlike β type, but inner by being encapsulated in discharger 12 with the rigid support 33 of vent.Discharger 12 and piston 16 are arranged in different cylinders by the configuration of γ type, make them can not be as strict just like that in the configuration of β type to the requirement of processing and assembly precision, but the dead volume of the configuration of γ type and Vibration Torque can be larger than the configuration of β type.For vibration suppression, a major diameter power piston is replaced by two opposed, minor diameter power pistons by adoptable scheme.
Free piston type Stirling-electric hybrid has plurality of advantages, but will obviously be inferior to mechanical type Stirling in specific power and single-machine capacity two.Based on mechanism driving with contact sealing, mechanical type Stirling can realize high inflation pressure (typically can to 10MPa), large scavenging volume (being typically several liter).
Free piston type Stirling adopts oil-free lubrication motive sealing, generally there is the gap of 0.02mm-0.04mm, be difficult to the sealed horizontal reaching mechanical type Stirling between piston and cylinder.Therefore, the effective way improving two indexs is to design machine operation compact as far as possible in higher frequency, larger amplitude, to obtain expansion work as much as possible.The leaf spring of free piston type Stirling typically adopts spring steel to make, and its characteristic of material mechanics determines the leaf spring to given size and molded line: along with material thickness reduces, Stiffness trend is faster than stress decrease trend; And along with thickness increase, stress ascendant trend is again faster than rigidity ascendant trend.
Realize higher frequency run, need slim and graceful ejector assembly and the ejector leaf spring of large rigidity, and realize under compact size large amplitude need thinner ejector leaf spring rupture to avoid it to exceed allowable stress; Adopt more multi-disc thin plate spring can realize large rigidity under allowable stress, but effectively cannot improve operation frequency because its equivalent mass also strengthens simultaneously.
Not only in Fig. 1, β type machine adopts coaxially arranged discharger piston rod 13 and the thick thin combination of discharger piston thin bar 14 1 to be exactly a kind of ejector assemblies loss of weight design proposal, ensure that lifting surface area but also alleviate weight; And γ type machine is also intended to large compared with power piston 16 for ejector 12 diameter the stress level reducing discharger leaf spring 19 in Fig. 2.Along with the progressively maturation of free piston type Stirling technology, adopt known features, try hard to again further hoisting power density face bottleneck: rupture for avoiding leaf spring to exceed allowable stress, the typical precious metal beryllium that need adopt makes lightweight ejector, of a high price, single-machine capacity is also difficult to breakthrough tens kilowatts.
Summary of the invention
The present invention needs integrated " phase-shifting transformer " this common apparatus in field of power electronics, be generally used for the input side of frequency variator and DC electrical source, the object of phase-shifting transformer is adopted to be the arteries and veins number, the reduction Harmonics of Input that are increased rectifier by its phase shift ability, to alleviate the harmonic pollution to electrical network in these occasions.In the present invention, integrated " phase-shifting transformer " utilizes its most essential function: extend-triangle connection can obtain becoming voltage at any angle with the first winding voltage phase place on the second winding.According to concrete phase shift angle, extend-triangle design phase-shifting transformer is adopted to belong to known technology.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of free-piston stirling machine, under using conventional material to make the prerequisite of ejector, reduce the requirement to ejector rigidity of plate spring, thinner discharger leaf spring can be adopted to realize frequency, the larger amplitude higher compared with conventional construction, improve specific power and the single-machine capacity of free piston type Stirling with low cost.
Realizing the technological scheme that above-mentioned purpose adopts is: at two ends of discharger piston rod small one and large one two pistons fastening respectively, and increase a linear reciprocating motor of being powered by " phase-shifting transformer " (being referred to as " phase shift drive motor ") in back pressure cavity.Large piston fastening on discharger piston rod is discharger, and its function is identical with known discharger, is placed in expansion chamber; Small piston (being referred to as " back pressure cavity piston ") and discharger leaf spring are fastened onto the other end of discharger piston rod, and back pressure cavity piston is placed in cylinder that phase shift drive motor mover hews out.Phase shift drive motor realizes electrical equipment by phase-shifting transformer or the power converter module with identical function with linear electric motor that are known, that driven by power piston and is connected.
First winding switching of phase-shifting transformer is to the linear electric motor driven by power piston, second winding switching " phase shift drive motor ", the voltage after phase shift realizes phase shift drive motor mover motion phase and ejector piston movement phase place " anti-phase " (phase difference 180 degree).
Back pressure cavity pistons work, in normal temperature district, can adopt common light-weight metal or pottery (typically can select aluminum alloy, titanium alloy etc.) to make.For alleviating its weight as far as possible, typically make the pattern of thin wall hollow, piston can not have permanent-magnet material (avoid and shift between drive motor mover and produce magnetic force).
Phase shift drive motor is a vibration system, and the gas in its mover cylinder plays the function of " gas spring " equally, " resonance point " of this vibration system is designed to the operation frequency of machine, significantly can reduce the power consumption of phase shift drive motor.
After adopting technique scheme, the gas force that the restoring force needed for ejector assemblies double vibrations is subject to by discharger leaf spring elastic-restoring force and back pressure cavity pistons end provides jointly.Gas in phase shift drive motor mover cylinder is periodically compressed and diastole by the parts that two " anti-phase " move; If back pressure cavity piston amplitude is X, the amplitude of phase shift drive motor mover is Y, " gas spring " equivalent stiffness under X+Y amplitude that then in phase shift drive motor mover cylinder, the equivalent stiffness of gas is equivalent to one end vibration, the other end is closed, namely " anti-phase " motion is a kind of approach of efficient gain gas spring equivalent stiffness.This structure significantly reduces the requirement to discharger leaf spring elastic force, and apply thinner leaf spring and also effectively can improve frequency of okperation, the amplitude that low stress level can realize is larger.The present invention achieves discharger amplitude large in high frequency with conventional material, cheap cost, can improve specific power and the single-machine capacity of free piston type Stirling, all can apply in free piston type stirling generator and refrigerator.
The technological scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: a kind of free-piston stirling machine, comprise pressure vessel, cylinder block, permanent magnetic rotor, discharger, power piston, power piston leaf spring, discharger leaf spring, phase-shifting transformer, described pressure vessel is closed shell, in described pressure vessel, middle part is provided with described cylinder block, described power piston, described discharger is reciprocating to be in described cylinder block, described cylinder block, described power piston and described discharger coaxially arranged, adjoining in the annular space that described pressure vessel and described cylinder block surround coaxially arrangedly has First Heat Exchanger, regenerator and the second heat exchanger, described cylinder block, the space that the end face of described power piston and the bottom surface of described discharger surround forms compression chamber, the space that the end face of described discharger and described pressure vessel end surround forms expansion chamber, described cylinder block, the space that the space that the bottom surface of described pressure vessel afterbody and described power piston surrounds or described cylinder block and described pressure vessel afterbody surround is back pressure cavity, power piston leaf spring is provided with successively near described cylinder block in described back pressure cavity, discharger leaf spring and rigid trestle, the permanent magnetic rotor of linear electric motor and coaxially arranged and mutually leave inner yoke and the outer yoke in gap is also provided with in described back pressure cavity, described permanent magnetic rotor is in the air gap between described inner yoke and described outer yoke, described power piston and described permanent magnetic rotor one side motion can drive other side's motion, linear motor stator electric coil is provided with in described outer yoke, described coil connects external loading or power supply,
Described discharger connects described discharger leaf spring by discharger piston thin bar, and described power piston connects described power piston leaf spring by power piston bar;
Described rigid trestle is provided with phase shift drive motor stator and leaf spring, described leaf spring connects the afterbody of phase shift drive motor axle, described phase shift drive motor axle is provided with phase shift drive motor mover, described phase shift drive motor mover has opened up cylinder, in described cylinder, be provided with reciprocating back pressure cavity piston, described discharger also connects described back pressure cavity piston by described discharger piston thin bar;
First winding switching of described phase-shifting transformer is to described coil, and the second winding switching of described phase-shifting transformer is to the coil on the stator of phase drive motor.
Further, described discharger piston thin bar is coaxially connected described discharger leaf spring through described discharger piston rod with after described power piston bar successively.
Further, the mover periphery of described phase shift drive motor is with permanent magnetic steel.
Further, described back pressure cavity piston is the thin wall hollow pattern that light-weight metal or stupalith are made.
Further, described discharger and phase difference identical with the motion frequency of described phase shift drive motor mover is between 150 degree to 210 degree.
Further, described discharger is identical with the motion frequency of described phase shift drive motor mover and phase difference is 180 degree.
Further, described phase shift drive motor resonance under the frequency of okperation of free-piston stirling machine.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: under using conventional material to make the prerequisite of ejector, reduce the requirement to ejector rigidity of plate spring, thinner discharger leaf spring can be adopted to realize frequency, the larger amplitude higher compared with conventional construction, improve specific power and the single-machine capacity of free piston type Stirling with low cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the axial schematic diagram of the free-piston stirling machine of β type of the prior art configuration;
Fig. 2 is the axial schematic diagram of the free-piston stirling machine of γ type of the prior art configuration;
Fig. 3 is the axial schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the axial schematic diagram of the free-piston stirling machine with three back pressure cavity;
Fig. 5 is the position view of phase shift drive motor mover and back pressure cavity piston.
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows:
1, pressure vessel, 2, First Heat Exchanger, 3, regenerator, 4, second heat exchanger, 5, cylinder block, 6, phase-shifting transformer, 7, outer yoke, 8, coil, 9, inner yoke, 10, permanent magnetic rotor, 11, support, 12, discharger, 13, discharger piston rod, 14, discharger piston thin bar, 15, fastening piece I, 16, power piston, 17, power piston bar, 18, power piston leaf spring, 19, discharger leaf spring, 20, fastening piece II, 21, expansion chamber, 22, compression chamber, 23, back pressure cavity, 24, back pressure cavity piston, 25, cylinder, 26, rigid trestle, 27, phase shift drive motor stator, 28, permanent magnetic steel, 29, phase shift drive motor mover, 30, phase shift drive motor axle, 31, leaf spring, 32, fastening piece III, 33, with the rigid support of vent, 34, center hole, 35, volume, 36, opposed volume, 38, cylinder II, 39, gas circuit.
Embodiment
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 3, free-piston stirling machine comprises: power piston 16, discharger 12, back pressure cavity piston 24, cylinder block 5, discharger leaf spring 19, power piston leaf spring 18, linear reciprocating motor and shift to drive motor and be placed in back pressure cavity 23.The permanent magnetic rotor 10 of linear electric motor is fixed on power piston bar 17 by support 11, and leaf spring 18 is fastened on the afterbody of power piston bar 17 by fastening piece II 20.Discharger piston rod 13 coaxially pierces into power piston 16.Discharger piston thin bar 14, coaxially through power piston 16 and power piston bar 17, has fastening piece I 15 by fastening for discharger 12 near one end of expansion chamber 21, and the other end being positioned at back pressure cavity 23 fastens discharger leaf spring 19 and back pressure cavity piston 24.Power piston 16 causes the volume-variation of compression chamber 22, expansion chamber 21 with the relative movement of discharger 12, drives working medium to be shuttled between two chambeies by the runner adjoined in the second heat exchanger 4 of layout, regenerator 3, First Heat Exchanger 2.Back pressure cavity piston 24 is placed in cylinder 25 that the mover 29 of phase shift drive motor hews out, mover 29 periphery is with permanent magnetic steel 28, mover 29 is arranged on motor shaft 30, leaf spring 31 is fastened on the afterbody of motor shaft 30 by fastening piece 32, and stator 27 and the leaf spring 31 of phase shift drive motor are installed on rigid support 26.First winding switching of phase-shifting transformer 6 is to coil 8, and the second winding switching is to the coil on stator 27.During as generator designs, First Heat Exchanger 2 temperature is high, the second heat exchanger 4 temperature is low, expansion work is greater than compression work and realizes heat to power output, gas force drives power piston 16 to drive permanent magnetic rotor 10 to-and-fro motion in annulus gap, this air gap is surrounded with outer yoke 7 by coaxially arranged inner yoke 9, electromagnetic effect will generate voltage in coil 8, produce sub-fraction in electric energy after phase-shifting transformer 6 converts for phase shift drive motor is powered, remain most of electric energy for driving extraneous load.During as cryocooler design, First Heat Exchanger 2 temperature is low, the second heat exchanger 4 temperature is high; External power supply is powered to coil 8, and for phase shift drive motor is powered after phase-shifting transformer 6 converts.Generation electromagnetic force drives power piston 16 and mover 29 to move reciprocatingly by electromagnetic effect, discharger 12 to-and-fro motion under dynamic law domination, and produces cooling effect at First Heat Exchanger 2, expansion chamber 21.Above-mentioned all parts are sealed in pressure vessel 1.
Embodiment two
As Fig. 4 has shown in the axial schematic diagram of the free-piston stirling machine of three back pressure cavity, free-piston stirling machine comprises: opposed power piston 16, discharger 12, back pressure cavity piston 24, cylinder block 5, second cylinder block 38, discharger leaf spring 19, power piston leaf spring 18, linear reciprocating motor is placed in back pressure cavity 23, permanent magnetic rotor 10 is fixed on power piston bar 17 by rigid support 11, and power piston leaf spring 18 is fastened on the afterbody of power piston bar 17 by fastening piece I 15.Discharger piston rod 13 is coaxially through the center hole 34 in cylinder block 5.Discharger piston thin bar 14 is coaxially through center hole 34, and have fastening piece I 15 by fastening for discharger 12 near one end of expansion chamber 21, the other end being positioned at back pressure cavity 23 fastens discharger leaf spring 19 and back pressure cavity piston 24.Compression chamber 22 is made up of with opposed volume 36 volume 35, volume 35 is communicated with opposed volume 36 by the gas circuit 39 in cylinder block 5, opposed power piston 16 causes compression chamber 22 volume and expansion chamber 21 volume-variation with the motion of discharger 12, drives working medium to be shuttled between compression chamber and expansion chamber by the runner adjoined in the First Heat Exchanger 2 of layout, regenerator 3, second heat exchanger 4.Back pressure cavity piston 24 is placed in cylinder 25 that the mover 29 of phase shift drive motor hews out, mover 29 periphery is with permanent magnetic steel 28, mover 29 is arranged on motor shaft 30, leaf spring 31 is fastened on motor shaft 30 afterbody by fastening piece III 32, and stator 27 and the leaf spring 31 of phase shift drive motor are installed on rigid support 26.First winding switching of phase-shifting transformer 6 is to coil 8, and the second winding switching is to the coil on stator 27.During as generator designs, First Heat Exchanger 2 temperature is high, the second heat exchanger 4 temperature is low, expansion work is greater than compression work and realizes heat to power output, gas force drives power piston 16 to drive permanent magnetic rotor 10 to-and-fro motion in annulus gap, this air gap is surrounded with outer yoke 7 by coaxially arranged inner yoke 9, electromagnetic effect will generate voltage in coil 8, produce sub-fraction in electric energy after phase-shifting transformer 6 converts for phase shift drive motor is powered, remain most of electric energy for driving extraneous load.During as cryocooler design, First Heat Exchanger 2 temperature is low, the second heat exchanger 4 temperature is high; External power supply is powered to coil 8, and for phase shift drive motor is powered after phase-shifting transformer 6 converts.Generation electromagnetic force drives power piston 16 and mover 29 to move reciprocatingly by electromagnetic effect, discharger 12 to-and-fro motion under dynamic law domination, and produces cooling effect at First Heat Exchanger 2, expansion chamber 21.Above-mentioned all parts are sealed in pressure vessel 1, and the design of part in two opposed back pressure cavity is identical with function.Configure different from known γ type, discharger leaf spring 19 is placed in back pressure cavity 23 by the present embodiment, and therefore discharger leaf spring 19 diameter is not by the constraint of discharger 12 diameter, changeable.
In embodiment one and example two, back pressure cavity piston is put in 24 cylinders 25 hewed out on the mover 29 of phase shift drive motor.As another kind of equivalent function pattern, as shown in the position view of Fig. 5 phase shift drive motor mover and back pressure cavity piston, the head of phase-shift motor mover 29 and back pressure cavity piston 24 are all placed in cylinder 25, and the gas function in cylinder 25 inner space is still have two moving boundaries " gas spring " as previous embodiment.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a free-piston stirling machine, it is characterized in that, comprise pressure vessel (1), cylinder block (5), permanent magnetic rotor (10), discharger (12), power piston (16), power piston leaf spring (18), discharger leaf spring (19), phase-shifting transformer (6), described pressure vessel (1) is closed shell, in described pressure vessel (1), middle part is provided with described cylinder block (5), described power piston (16), described discharger (12) is reciprocating to be in described cylinder block (5), described cylinder block (5), described power piston (16) and described discharger (12) coaxially arranged, adjoining in the annular space that described pressure vessel (1) and described cylinder block (5) surround coaxially arrangedly has First Heat Exchanger (2), regenerator (3) and the second heat exchanger (4), in described cylinder block (5), the space that the end face of described power piston (16) and the bottom surface of described discharger (12) surround forms compression chamber (22), the space that the end face of described discharger (12) and described pressure vessel (1) end surround forms expansion chamber (21), described cylinder block (5), the space that the space that the bottom surface of described pressure vessel (1) afterbody and described power piston (16) surrounds or described cylinder block (5) and described pressure vessel (1) afterbody surround is back pressure cavity (23), on the direction away from described cylinder block (5), power piston leaf spring (18) is provided with near described cylinder block (5) successively in described back pressure cavity (23), discharger leaf spring (19) and rigid trestle (26), also be provided with in described back pressure cavity (23) phase shift drive motor and linear electric motor permanent magnetic rotor (10) and with described permanent magnetic rotor (10) coaxially arranged and the inner yoke (9) mutually leaving gap and outer yoke (7), described permanent magnetic rotor (10) is in the air gap between described inner yoke (9) and described outer yoke (7), described power piston (16) and described permanent magnetic rotor (10) side motion can drive other side's motion, linear motor stator electric coil (8) is provided with in described outer yoke (7), described coil (8) connects external loading or power supply,
Described discharger (12) connects described discharger leaf spring (19) by discharger piston thin bar (14), and described power piston (16) connects described power piston leaf spring (18) by power piston bar (17);
Described rigid trestle (26) is provided with phase shift drive motor stator (27) and leaf spring (31), described leaf spring (31) connects the afterbody of phase shift drive motor axle (30), described phase shift drive motor axle (30) is provided with phase shift drive motor mover (29), described phase shift drive motor mover (29) has opened up cylinder (25), reciprocating back pressure cavity piston (24) is provided with in described cylinder (25), described discharger (12) also connects described back pressure cavity piston (24) by described discharger piston thin bar (14),
First winding switching of described phase-shifting transformer (6) is to described coil (8), and the second winding switching of described phase-shifting transformer (6) is to the coil on the stator (27) of phase drive motor.
2. a kind of free-piston stirling machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described discharger piston thin bar (14) is coaxially connected described discharger leaf spring (19) through discharger piston rod (13) with described power piston bar (17) successively afterwards.
3. a kind of free-piston stirling machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, mover (29) periphery of described phase shift drive motor is with permanent magnetic steel (28).
4. a kind of free-piston stirling machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thin wall hollow pattern that described back pressure cavity piston (24) is made for light-weight metal or stupalith.
5. a kind of free-piston stirling machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described discharger (12) and phase difference identical with the motion frequency of described phase shift drive motor mover (29) is between 150 degree to 210 degree.
6. a kind of free-piston stirling machine according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described discharger (12) is identical with the motion frequency of described phase shift drive motor mover (29) and phase difference is 180 degree.
7., according to the arbitrary described a kind of free-piston stirling machine of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, described phase shift drive motor resonance under the frequency of okperation of free-piston stirling machine.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510287778.XA CN104895697B (en) | 2015-05-29 | 2015-05-29 | A kind of free-piston stirling machine |
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| CN201510287778.XA CN104895697B (en) | 2015-05-29 | 2015-05-29 | A kind of free-piston stirling machine |
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| CN104895697A true CN104895697A (en) | 2015-09-09 |
| CN104895697B CN104895697B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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| CN201510287778.XA Expired - Fee Related CN104895697B (en) | 2015-05-29 | 2015-05-29 | A kind of free-piston stirling machine |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105484896A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-04-13 | 西安交通大学 | Small free piston type solar generator system |
| CN109653898A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-04-19 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Electricity feedback opposed type free piston stirling generator |
| CN111089435A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-05-01 | 上海厚酷科技有限公司 | Refrigerating machine |
| CN112160845A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-01 | 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 | Stirling engine and one-way throttling type piston dynamic sealing mechanism |
| CN112696284A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-23 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Gamma type free piston Stirling generator |
| CN114320656A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-04-12 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Heater assembly applied to Stirling generator |
| CN116772445A (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-09-19 | 苏州华冷科技有限公司 | Ejector structure for free piston Stirling refrigerator |
| CN116804498A (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-09-26 | 苏州华冷科技有限公司 | High-power Stirling refrigerator device |
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| CN1601074A (en) * | 2003-09-25 | 2005-03-30 | 珍巴多工业股份有限公司 | Stirling cycle engine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105484896A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-04-13 | 西安交通大学 | Small free piston type solar generator system |
| CN109653898A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-04-19 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Electricity feedback opposed type free piston stirling generator |
| CN109653898B (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2024-03-15 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Electric feedback opposed free piston Stirling generator |
| CN111089435A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-05-01 | 上海厚酷科技有限公司 | Refrigerating machine |
| CN112160845A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-01 | 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 | Stirling engine and one-way throttling type piston dynamic sealing mechanism |
| CN112696284A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-23 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Gamma type free piston Stirling generator |
| CN114320656A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-04-12 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Heater assembly applied to Stirling generator |
| CN116772445A (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-09-19 | 苏州华冷科技有限公司 | Ejector structure for free piston Stirling refrigerator |
| CN116804498A (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-09-26 | 苏州华冷科技有限公司 | High-power Stirling refrigerator device |
| CN116772445B (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-11-03 | 苏州华冷科技有限公司 | Ejector structure for free piston Stirling refrigerator |
| CN116804498B (en) * | 2023-08-18 | 2023-12-01 | 苏州华冷科技有限公司 | High-power Stirling refrigerator device |
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